WO2000052152A1 - Nicht-ribosomale peptidsynthetika, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung - Google Patents
Nicht-ribosomale peptidsynthetika, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000052152A1 WO2000052152A1 PCT/EP2000/001652 EP0001652W WO0052152A1 WO 2000052152 A1 WO2000052152 A1 WO 2000052152A1 EP 0001652 W EP0001652 W EP 0001652W WO 0052152 A1 WO0052152 A1 WO 0052152A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ribosomal
- seq
- domains
- peptide
- dna sequence
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/93—Ligases (6)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/10—Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/52—Genes encoding for enzymes or proenzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/44—Polycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/50—Polycarboxylic acids having keto groups, e.g. 2-ketoglutaric acid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing modified non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) and the use of those for producing native or artificial peptides and proteinogens.
- NRPS modified non-ribosomal peptide synthetases
- Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases are modular enzymes with complex structures and important biological functions. Numerous peptides with pharmaceutical and biotechnological interest - in particular those such as biosurfactants, siderophores, antibiotics, cytostatics, immunosuppressants or antitumor agents - are produced by large enzyme complexes, the so-called NRPS (Marahiel et al. (1997), Chem. Rev. 97: p.2651- 2673) biosynthesized. These include well-known drugs such as cyclosporin A and vancomycin. The large variety of bioactive peptides produced in this way is a result of the large structural diversity of the NRPS.
- NRPS Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases
- NRPS In addition to the 20 proteinogenic amino acids, NRPS often build special residues, such as ⁇ -hydroxy amino acids or non-proteinogenic amino acids.
- the individual residues are linked to one another via peptide bonds or the formation of esters and lactones.
- the residues can also be further modified by N-methylation, heterocyclic ring formation or epimerization.
- Many of the peptides synthesized by natural NRPS are also cyclized by ester or peptide bonds.
- NRPS can play a key role in the synthesis of complex peptide bio-compounds.
- the module is the catalytic unit that incorporates a specific amino acid into the product (peptide) (Marahiel et al. (1997), Chem. Rev. 97: S.2651-2673).
- the individual modules are composed of so-called domains, each of which is responsible for a specific reaction.
- the adenylation domain (A- Domain) determines the entry of the substrate into the peptide by the A domain selecting and adenylating the substrate, usually an amino acid.
- the activated amino acid is then bound via a thioester bond to the cofactor 4'-phosphopantetin in a thiolation domain (T).
- T thiolation domain
- the aminoacyl or peptidyl residues are condensed to a neighboring module.
- This reaction is catalyzed by the condensation domain (C domain).
- C domain condensation domain
- the last module of an NRPS usually contains a termination domain (Te domain) which is responsible for the release of the synthesis product.
- Te domain termination domain
- Modification domains are built into the corresponding module at locations where a modified amino acid is incorporated.
- An adenylation (A) domain recognizes and activates its cognate substrate amino acid as an enzyme-associated amino acyl adenylate with simultaneous ATP hydrolysis. These relatively unstable intermediates are then stabilized by transfer to the thiol group of a 4'-phosphopantethein cofactor (4'-PAN) covalently linked to a thiolation (T) domain. With the participation of condensation (C) domains, a sequential chain growth up to the finished peptide product then takes place in an ordered sequence of transpeptidations of the amino acids activated in this way.
- A adenylation domain
- the structure of the products formed can also be changed by modifying the incorporated monomers (for example epimerization or N-methylation) or the main peptide chain (for example acylation or glycosylation).
- Such functionalizations are catalyzed by special domains or polyketide synthase (PKS) modules within the NRPS matrix. It could be shown that A domains determine the primary structure (sequence) of the non-tribosomal peptide formed via their substrate specificity and relative sequence within a specific NRPS system.
- NRPS-A domains identified highly conserved sequence areas, the so-called core motifs, which occur within the A domains with almost unchanged localization and amino acid sequence.
- core motifs also have functions in binding the substrate amino acid.
- the ⁇ -amino group and ⁇ -carboxy group of the substrate amino acid L-phenylalanine in PheA are coordinated electrostatically by the residues Asp235 (Core A4) and Lys 517 (Core A10) [Marahiel et al., 1997, Chem. Rev. 97: 2651-2673].
- the actual substrate specificity-mediating region of PheA is located in an approximately 100 amino acid-long region which has a reduced conservation within the group of the A domains.
- This region forms the binding pocket for the side chain of the phenylalanine substrate (FIG. 1B), which is built up on one side by the residues Ala236, Ile330 and Cys331, and on the other side by the residues Ala322, Ala301, He 299 and Thr278 .
- Both sides of the bag are separated by the indole ring of the Trp239, which is located on the bottom of the bag.
- the object underlying the present invention was a method for modifying A domains for the purpose of providing and producing appropriately modified non-ribosomal peptide synthetics for the production of new peptides.
- the invention allows the targeted production of a desired non-ribosomal peptide.
- consensus sequences could be derived from the phylogenetic studies, which are to be understood as the non-tribosomal code of the NRPS (Table 1). Similar to the ribosomal code, this code is degenerate (redundant), and so far, for example, four different codes for Leu-activating domains, three codes for Val and two for Cys-activating domains have been identified. It can be assumed that there are also several substrate detection strategies for other substrates which can be determined with the aid of the inventive method.
- the invention also relates to the non-ribosomal code, represented in Table 1, coding for a non-ribosomal peptide.
- substrate binding pockets can be predicted on the basis of the “codons” determined by sequence comparisons.
- the putative binding pockets for the substrate amino acids Asp, Orn and Val are shown as examples in FIG. 3. While Asp235 and Lys517 are keys in all A domains - To mediate interactions with the amino and carboxy groups of the substrate and are therefore highly conserved, it is assumed that the remaining residues are largely responsible for determining the specificity for a certain amino acid side chain: the corresponding residues (items 236 to 331) in the three given Examples support this theory and perfectly reflect the needs regarding the polarity and size of the activated substrates.
- Asp activation (codon 'Asp'): The basic residue His322 (possibly also Lys278) establishes a polar interaction with the acidic side chain, whereas the rest Leu236 closes the binding pocket for the acceptance of longer-chain substrates (e.g. Glu).
- positions 278, 299 and 331 are those wobble-like residues that have increased flexibility within certain codons.
- binding pockets which recognize smaller amino acids have a higher flexibility at positions near the bottom of the pocket, whereas with large substrates a greater variability is observed in the upper region (see Table 1).
- Asp235 is only absent in A domains that activate substrates without an ⁇ -amino group. Examples include the ⁇ -aminoadipate-activating domains of the AcvA synthetases or the carboxyacid-activating domains of the Enterobactin (Escherichia coli) and Yersiniabactin systems (Yersinia pestis). Lys517, on the other hand, is absolutely invariant and binds both the ⁇ -carboxy group of the cognate amino acid and the 04 'and 05' of the ATP / AMP-Ribose unit, which presumably brings both substrates into a position of optimal interaction. Both residues convey important Interaction with the (largely) unchangeable ⁇ -amino and ⁇ -carboxy groups of the substrate, which explains their own invariance.
- the modified DNA is implanted chromosomally or extrachromosomally in the host organism according to methods known per se to the person skilled in the art (Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. & Maniatis, T. (1989), Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press).
- the benzyl ring of the side group of D-Phe is rotated about 30 ° relative to the L-Phe ring, resulting in a slight shift in the relative position of the ⁇ -C- but not the ⁇ -C -Atoms results.
- AspA H322E
- a complete change in substrate specificity can be achieved by introducing a single point mutation.
- the mutant AspA (H322E) also showed an approximately 5-fold increase in the activation efficiency for similarly large, aliphatic Asn analogues, such as, for example, Ile, Leu and Val.
- the changed substrate specificity of an A domain can also be used for the in vivo synthesis of a peptide with a modified primary structure.
- the gene fragment of the Asn-specific double mutant AspA (1330V / H322E) was transferred into the chromosome of the surfactin producer B. subtilis ATCC 21332 by means of homologous recombination. This integration was carried out using a two-stage recombination method [Schneider, A. et al. 1998, Mol. Gen. Genet.
- the biosurfactant surfactin is a lipoheptapeptide with a variable ß-hydroxy fatty acid content (6-9 methylene groups), which is produced at the transition to the stationary growth phase and is secreted into the culture medium.
- the B. subtilis strains ATCC 21332 and Asn-5 were fermented to detect the modified lipoheptapeptide, and wild-type and [Asn-5] surfactin were prepared from their culture supernatants.
- the subsequent HPLC-MS analysis showed that the [Asn-5] surfactin was produced in the same quantity compared to the wild type (1), (2) had a longer retention time, and (3) in the ESIMS analysis a mass difference of 1 Da showed.
- the mutated A domains are first overexpressed in E. coli, purified and examined for their substrate specificity. If this enables the expected change in specificity to be confirmed, the mutated A-domain DNA is exchanged for the native A-domain DNA in the chromosome of the producer organism via homologous recombination. The producer strain with a mutated A domain thus generated can now be used to produce the modified non-tribosomal peptide.
- the method according to the invention can also be used to influence the specificity and / or activity of known biologically active peptides.
- certain A domains are changed on the basis of the code found so that the peptides synthesized with the aid of the modified NRPS have the desired properties.
- An example of this is the improvement in solubility which can be achieved by replacing hydrophobic with hydrophilic amino acids and vice versa.
- the results according to the invention also allow a targeted prediction of substrate specificities of already sequenced NRPS genes, the function of which has not yet been determined. This is becoming increasingly important in the context of the steadily increasing sequence quantities due to various genome sequencing projects. So it is with the method described here e.g. possible to predict the putative structure of the product peptide formed from the DNA sequence of an NRPS cluster. Subsequent structural-functional analysis of such genes is thus made much easier.
- the PCR amplificates were purified using the 'QIAquick-spin PCR purification' system (Qiagen; Hilden, Germany, catalog number: 28104), their cohesive ends were smoothed and then ligated intramolecularly.
- pPheA (A236L) (by using the oligonucleotides Seq ID-NO: 1 and Seq ID-NO: 2), pPheA (W239G) (Seq ID-NO: 3 plus Seq ID-NO: 4), pPheA (W239L) (Seq ID-NO: 3 plus Seq ID-NO: 5), pPheA (T278M) (Seq ID-NO: 6 plus Seq ID-NO: 7), pPheA (T278Q) (Seq ID-NO: 6 plus Seq ID -NO: 8), pPheA (l299T) (Seq
- the DNA fragment coding for the aspartate-activating A domain from SrfA-B was amplified by means of PCR from the chromosomal DNA from Bacillus subtilis JH642 with the following oligonucleotides: (Seq ID-NO: 25) ⁇ '-AspA: 5'- AAT CCA TGG CGA ACG TTC GGC TGT CTG-3 'and (Seq ID-NO: 26) 3'-AspA: 5'-AAT GGA TCC GGC CAA GGC CTT GCC-3'.
- the resulting PCR amplificate was purified (see above), digested with the restriction enzymes Ncol and BamHI (Amersham / Buchler; Braunschweig, Germany; order no .: E1160Z and E1010Y) and digested in the similarly prepared 'is-tag' vector pQE60 (Qiagen; Hilden, Germany, order no .: 33603).
- the resulting plasmid pAspA (H322E) subsequently served as a template for the generation of pAspA (H322E / l330V) by means of inverse PCR with the following primers (Seq ID-NO: 29) 5'-AspA (l330V): 5'-TAC CGG CCC ACA GAA GCA ACG GTC GGC-3 'and (Seq ID-NO: 30) 3'-AspA (I330V): 5'-CTG TGG GCC CGT ACT CAT TAA TAA ATT CGG-3'. The identity of all constructs was again checked and confirmed by DNA sequencing.
- the DNA fragment coding for the glutamate-activating A domain from SrfA-A was amplified by PCR from the chromosomal DNA of Bacillus subtilis JH642 with the following oligonucleotides: (Seq ID-NO: 31) 5'-GluA: 5'-TAT GGA TCC ATT GAT GAA TTA ACA CTG-3 'and (Seq ID- NO: 32) 3'-GluA: 5'-TAT GGA TCC GAT TGC TTT TTC AGT -3 '.
- the resulting PCR amplificate was purified (see above), digested with the restriction enzyme BamHI (Amersham / Buchler; Braunschweig, Germany; order no .: E1010Y) and with Bglll (Amersham / Buchler; Braunschweig, Germany; order no. No .: E1021Y) cloned his-tag vector pQE60 (Qiagen; Hilden, Germany, order no .: 33603).
- BamHI Amersham / Buchler; Braunschweig, Germany; order no .: E1010Y
- Bglll Amersham / Buchler; Braunschweig, Germany
- pQE60 Qiagen; Hilden, Germany, order no .: 33603
- Fractions containing the respective recombinant protein were pooled and dialyzed against assay buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 100 mM sodium chloride, 10 mM magnesium chloride, 2 mM dithioerythritol (DTE) and 1 mM EDTA). After adding 10% glycerol (v / v), the proteins could be stored at - 80 ° C without any noticeable loss of their catalytic activity.
- assay buffer 50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 100 mM sodium chloride, 10 mM magnesium chloride, 2 mM dithioerythritol (DTE) and 1 mM EDTA.
- the protein concentration of the different solutions was determined using the calculated extinction coefficients at 280 nm (A280nm): 64060 M-1 cm-1 for PheA and all PheA mutants except PheA (W239Xaa), 58370 M-1 cm-1 for PheA (W239Xaa), and 39780 M-1 cm-1 for AspA and AspA (H322E) and 35490 M-1 cm-1 for GluA and GluA (K239Q).
- the ATP-pyrophosphate exchange reaction was carried out to determine both the catalytic activity and the specificity of the purified, recombinant A domains [Mootz & Marahiel, 1997, J. Bacteriol. 179: 6843-6850]. The specificity was checked with all 20 proteinogenic amino acids, as well as L-ornithine and D-phenylalanine.
- the reaction mixtures contained (final volume: 100 ⁇ L): 50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 100 mM sodium chloride, 10 mM magnesium chloride, 2 mM DTE, 1 mM EDTA, 0 to 2 mM amino acid, and 250 nM enzyme.
- the various reactions were initiated by adding 2 mM ATP, 0.2 mM sodium pyrophosphate and 0.15 ⁇ Ci (16.06 Ci / mmol) sodium [32P] pyrophosphate (NEN / DuPont; Germany; order no .: NEX019) and for 10 min Incubated at 37 ° C.
- the exchange reactions could then be stopped by adding 0.5 mL stop solution: 1.2% (w / v) activated carbon, 0.1 M sodium pyrophosphate and 0.35 M perchloric acid.
- the activated carbon was separated by centrifugation, washed once with 1 ml of double-distilled water and resuspended in 0.5 ml of water.
- Protein sequences from 160 A domains were obtained from publicly accessible databases (eg http // www.ncbi. Nlm.nih.gov/Entrez/nucleotide. Html) and on the approximately 100 amino acid region between the core motifs A4 and A5 reduced [Marahiel et al., 1997, Chem. Rev. 97: 2651-2673]. These sequences were subsequently aligned, using the MegAlign subroutine from the DNAStar program package, with respect to sequence homologies, the method 'clustal' was used in its basic setting. The sole purpose of this first alignment was to facilitate the subsequent assignment of the putative substrate binding pocket constituents.
- the coding gene fragment of the AspA double mutant (Asp (H322E / l331V) was inserted into the srfA biosynthesis operon from B. subtilis [Cosmina, P. et al., 1993, Mol. Microbiol. 8: 821-831].
- the corresponding srfA-B gene fragment coding for the Asp-activating module (base pair 14195-18200; [Cosmina , P. et al. 1993, Mol. Microbiol.
- the resulting amplificate was purified with the restriction enzymes Clal and Spei (Amersham / Buchler; Braunschweig, Germany; order no .: E11034Y and E1086Z) digested and cloned into the equally prepared vector pBluescript SK (-) (Stratagene, Heidelberg, Germany, order no .: 212206).
- This cloning provided the plasmid pSK-homoAsp, from which subsequently an approximately 1.3 kb aspA fragment (base pair 15212.) with the restriction endonucleases EcoRI and Pstl (Amersham / Buchler; Braunschweig, Germany; order no .: E1040Y and E1073Y) -16559; [Cosmina, P. et al. 1993, Mol. Microbiol. 8: 821-831]) was cut out and replaced with the complementary, double mutated fragment from pAspA (H322E / 1333V). The identity of the resulting integration plasmid pSK-homoAsp (H322E / 1330V) could be confirmed by DNA sequencing.
- subtilis AS20 was made competent for DNA uptake and co-transformed with the integration vector pSK-homoAsp (H322E / l330V) and the helper plasmid pNEXT33A [Schneider, A. et al. 1998, Mol. Gen. Genet. 257: 308-318].
- the latter helper plasmid initially mediated a positive selection via its neomycin resistance gene, and the clones obtained could then be examined for the loss of their chloramphenicol cassette and thus the integration of the aspA (H322E / l330V) 'gene fragment.
- the identity of the constructed clone B. subtilis Asn-5 could be verified by PCR amplification of this area from the chromosome of the selected clones and subsequent DNA sequencing.
- the methanolic solution obtained was analyzed using a ⁇ P1100 Series
- Figure 1 Structural basis for the detection and activation of phenylalanine (from Conti et al. [Conti et al., 1997, EMBO J. 16: 4174-4183]).
- A The band diagram shows that PheA consists of two folding domains, a large N-terminal (below) and a smaller C-terminal (above).
- AMP and the substrate amino acid phenylalanine are shown in black.
- B The binding pocket for phenylalanine is formed from ten amino acids. Asp235 and Lys517 mediate electrostatic interactions (dashed lines) with the ⁇ -amino and ⁇ -carboxyl group of the substrate.
- the actual binding pocket which enables the specific recognition of the phenylalanine side group, is formed by Ala236, Ile330 and Cys331 on the one hand, and Ala322, Ala301, 1299 and Thr278 on the other. Both sides are kept separate at the lower end by the indole ring of the Trp239.
- This architecture allows the PheA binding pocket to accept both stereoisomers, L-Phe (light gray) and D-Phe (dark gray) without noticeable change in conformation.
- Figure 2 Phylogenetic tree constructed with the ten specificity-mediating amino acids of the A domains.
- the phylogenetic examination reveals a grouping of the codons determined, according to the specificity of their domains of origin (light gray boxes). This confirms the correctness of the concept of structural homology between A domains and shows that the ten amino acids determined in each case really form the codon for the recognition of the cognate substrate amino acid. Examples are given which show that the specificity of newly discovered domains can be predicted using this technique and that the grouping is guided by the experimentally observed specificity (dark gray background). This also applies to the constructed mutants PheA (T278M / A301G) and AspA (H322E), which show a Leu or Asn specificity (medium gray background) in the ATP-pyrophosphate exchange reaction.
- Figure 3 Schematic representation of the postulated binding pockets of three adenylation domains.
- the codons determined from three different substrates ('Asp', Orn (2) 'and Nal (3)'; see Table 1) were projected into the representation of the binding pocket of PheA shown in FIG. 1B.
- Aliphatic (light gray), polar (striped), acidic (white) and basic (dark gray) side groups are shown schematically.
- Asp235 and Lys517 mediate interactions with the ⁇ -amino and ⁇ -carboxyl group of the respective substrate, while all other residues (Xaa236 to Xaa331) mediate the actual recognition of the side chain of the substrate.
- a perfect correlation between the polarity of the binding pocket and the substrate can be observed for all the examples shown.
- Figure 4 observed variability of the constituents of different substrate binding pockets.
- the constituent amino acids of the various positions in 160 postulated substrate binding pockets were examined for their variability.
- the proportional distribution of the nature of the substrates in the examined A domain is shown in the middle gray box.
- the ten constituent amino acids can be classified into three subgroups: (1) Positions 235 (Asp: acid, white) and 517 (Lys: basic, dark gray) are 'invariant'. (2) Items 236, 301 and 330 are only 'conditionally variant'.
- FIG. 5 Targeted change in the substrate specificity of PheA and AspA.
- the substrate specificity of wild type (white) and mutants (different shades of gray) were examined with the help of ATP-pyrophophate exchange reactions.
- the substrates used are shown on the abscissa and the maximum observed activity for each protein was set at 100%.
- the corresponding double mutant (PheA (T278M / A301G); dark gray) preferentially activates Leu with a catalytic activity that is in no way inferior to the efficiency of the wild-type enzyme PheA for Phe.
- PheA T278M / A301G
- dark gray preferentially activates Leu with a catalytic activity that is in no way inferior to the efficiency of the wild-type enzyme PheA for Phe.
- a H322E point mutation in AspA was sufficient to completely shift the substrate specificity of the mutant from Asp to Asn.
- the observed activation patterns of the mutants correspond to the position of their codons in the phylogenetic tree shown in FIG. 2 (medium gray background).
- Figures 6-9 stand for Tables 1-4.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU34257/00A AU3425700A (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-02-28 | Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, method for producing same and the use thereof |
IL14500400A IL145004A0 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-02-28 | Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
CA002364569A CA2364569A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-02-28 | Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, method for producing same and the use thereof |
EP00912520A EP1159416A1 (de) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-02-28 | Nicht-ribosomale peptidsynthetika, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
JP2000602764A JP2002537806A (ja) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-02-28 | 非リボソームペプチドシンテターゼ、その製造のための方法およびその使用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19909146.3 | 1999-03-03 | ||
DE19909146A DE19909146A1 (de) | 1999-03-03 | 1999-03-03 | Verfahren zur gezielten biologischen Synthese von Peptiden |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000052152A1 true WO2000052152A1 (de) | 2000-09-08 |
Family
ID=7899460
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/001652 WO2000052152A1 (de) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-02-28 | Nicht-ribosomale peptidsynthetika, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1159416A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002537806A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1342201A (de) |
AU (1) | AU3425700A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2364569A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19909146A1 (de) |
IL (1) | IL145004A0 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000052152A1 (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000063361A2 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2000-10-26 | Kosan Biosciences, Inc. | A multi-plasmid method for preparing large libraries of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides |
WO2001030985A1 (de) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Marahiel Mohamed A | Massgeschneiderte peptidsynthetasen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
US6399789B1 (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2002-06-04 | Kosan Biosciences, Inc. | Multi-plasmid method for preparing large libraries of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides |
US7498404B2 (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2009-03-03 | The Texas A&M University System | Compositions, methods and uses for a novel family of peptides |
EA016155B1 (ru) * | 2006-10-05 | 2012-02-28 | ДСМ АйПи АССЕТС Б.В. | ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ β-ЛАКТАМОВЫХ АНТИБИОТИКОВ |
CN104583385A (zh) * | 2012-08-06 | 2015-04-29 | 丹尼斯科美国公司 | 产生减小量哌珀霉素的真菌细胞 |
WO2017020983A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-09 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Artificial non-ribosomal peptide synthetases |
WO2017137443A1 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-17 | Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main | Artificial non-ribosomal peptide synthases and their use |
WO2019138117A1 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main | System for the assembly and modification of non-ribosomal peptide synthases |
WO2024038117A1 (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2024-02-22 | Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt | Method and means for engineering non-ribosomal peptides |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10340068A1 (de) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-24 | TransMIT Gesellschaft für Technologietransfer mbH | Substrate für die Inhibierung der Adenylierungsdomänen nicht-ribosomaler Peptidsynthetasen |
US8945898B2 (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2015-02-03 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Recombinant host cell with deficiency in non-ribosomal peptide synthase production |
EP3648109A4 (de) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-06-24 | Nec Corporation | Prognosevorrichtung, prognoseverfahren, speichermedium mit gespeichertem prognoseprogramm und genetische inferenzvorrichtung |
CN111575251B (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-03-11 | 上海交通大学 | 一种用于达托霉素生物合成的dptC1突变体的构建 |
CN113278601B (zh) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-07-08 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种腺苷酰化蛋白a6突变体及其编码基因与应用 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0637630A2 (de) * | 1993-07-13 | 1995-02-08 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Verfahren zur biologischen Herstellung von Peptiden |
EP0789078A2 (de) * | 1995-08-09 | 1997-08-13 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Modifizierte Peptidsynthetasen, und deren Verwendung in die nicht-ribosomaler Herstellung von Peptiden |
-
1999
- 1999-03-03 DE DE19909146A patent/DE19909146A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-02-28 CA CA002364569A patent/CA2364569A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-28 AU AU34257/00A patent/AU3425700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-28 WO PCT/EP2000/001652 patent/WO2000052152A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-28 EP EP00912520A patent/EP1159416A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-28 JP JP2000602764A patent/JP2002537806A/ja active Pending
- 2000-02-28 CN CN00804496A patent/CN1342201A/zh active Pending
- 2000-02-28 IL IL14500400A patent/IL145004A0/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0637630A2 (de) * | 1993-07-13 | 1995-02-08 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Verfahren zur biologischen Herstellung von Peptiden |
EP0789078A2 (de) * | 1995-08-09 | 1997-08-13 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Modifizierte Peptidsynthetasen, und deren Verwendung in die nicht-ribosomaler Herstellung von Peptiden |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
Title |
---|
COSMINA P ET AL: "SEQUENCE AND ANALYSIS OF THE GENETIC LOCUS RESPONSIBLE FOR SURFACTIN SYNTHESIS IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS", MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY,GB,BLACKWELL SCIENTIFIC, OXFORD, vol. 8, no. 5, 1 May 1993 (1993-05-01), pages 821 - 831, XP002037894, ISSN: 0950-382X * |
E. CONTI ET AL.: "Structural basis for the activation of phenylalanine in the non-ribosomal biosynthesis of gramicidine S", EMBO J., vol. 16, no. 14, 16 July 1997 (1997-07-16), OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS,GB;, pages 4174 - 4183, XP002141777 * |
MARAHIEL M A ET AL: "Modular ppetide synthetases involved in nonribosomal peptide synthesis", CHEMICAL REVIEWS,US,AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. EASTON, vol. 97, no. 7, November 1997 (1997-11-01), pages 2651 - 2673-2673, XP002133489, ISSN: 0009-2665 * |
SCHNEIDER A ET AL: "Targeted alteration of the substrate specificity of peptide synthetases by rational module swapping.", MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS, vol. 257, no. 3, February 1998 (1998-02-01), pages 308 - 318, XP002141778, ISSN: 0026-8925 * |
STACHELHAUS T ET AL: "Peptide bond formation in nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis. Catalytic role of the condensation domain", JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY,US,AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTS, BALTIMORE, MD, vol. 273, no. 35, 28 August 1998 (1998-08-28), pages 22773 - 22781-22781, XP002133488, ISSN: 0021-9258 * |
STACHELHAUS T ET AL: "THE SPECIFICITY-CONFERRING CODE AS ADENYLATION DOMAINS IN NONRIBOSOMAL PEPTIDE SYNTHETASES", CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY,GB,CURRENT BIOLOGY, LONDON, vol. 6, 29 June 1999 (1999-06-29), pages 493 - 505-505, XP000892837, ISSN: 1074-5521 * |
VOLLENBROICH D ET AL: "ANALYSIS OF A MUTANT AMINO ACID-ACTIVATING DOMAIN OF SURFACTIN SYNTHETASE BEARING A SERINE-TO-ALANINE SUBSTITUTION AT THE SITE OF CARBOXYLTHIOESTER FORMATION", FEBS LETTERS,NL,ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, AMSTERDAM, vol. 325, no. 3, 5 July 1993 (1993-07-05), pages 220 - 224, XP002037890, ISSN: 0014-5793 * |
ZUBER P: "NON-RIBOSOMAL PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS", CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY,GB,CURRENT SCIENCE, LONDON, vol. 3, 1 January 1991 (1991-01-01), pages 1046 - 1050, XP002037891, ISSN: 0955-0674 * |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6399789B1 (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2002-06-04 | Kosan Biosciences, Inc. | Multi-plasmid method for preparing large libraries of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides |
US7049100B2 (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2006-05-23 | Kosan Biosciences Incorporated | Multi-plasmid method for preparing large libraries of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides |
WO2000063361A2 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2000-10-26 | Kosan Biosciences, Inc. | A multi-plasmid method for preparing large libraries of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides |
WO2000063361A3 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-07-12 | Kosan Biosciences Inc | A multi-plasmid method for preparing large libraries of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides |
WO2001030985A1 (de) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Marahiel Mohamed A | Massgeschneiderte peptidsynthetasen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
US7498404B2 (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2009-03-03 | The Texas A&M University System | Compositions, methods and uses for a novel family of peptides |
EA016155B1 (ru) * | 2006-10-05 | 2012-02-28 | ДСМ АйПи АССЕТС Б.В. | ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ β-ЛАКТАМОВЫХ АНТИБИОТИКОВ |
CN104583385A (zh) * | 2012-08-06 | 2015-04-29 | 丹尼斯科美国公司 | 产生减小量哌珀霉素的真菌细胞 |
WO2017020983A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-09 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Artificial non-ribosomal peptide synthetases |
WO2017137443A1 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-17 | Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main | Artificial non-ribosomal peptide synthases and their use |
US11643643B2 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2023-05-09 | Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main | Artificial non-ribosomal peptide synthases and their use |
WO2019138117A1 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main | System for the assembly and modification of non-ribosomal peptide synthases |
WO2024038117A1 (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2024-02-22 | Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt | Method and means for engineering non-ribosomal peptides |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1342201A (zh) | 2002-03-27 |
EP1159416A1 (de) | 2001-12-05 |
CA2364569A1 (en) | 2000-09-08 |
AU3425700A (en) | 2000-09-21 |
JP2002537806A (ja) | 2002-11-12 |
IL145004A0 (en) | 2002-06-30 |
DE19909146A1 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1159416A1 (de) | Nicht-ribosomale peptidsynthetika, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung | |
DE69033616T3 (de) | Riboflavin überproduzierende Bakterienstämme | |
DE102004031177A1 (de) | Neue Geruchsstoffe bildende Genprodukte von Bacillus licheniformis und darauf aufbauende verbesserte biotechnologische Produktionsverfahren | |
FI120543B (fi) | DNA-yhdisteitä, jotka sisältävät mannuronaani-C-5-epimeraasia koodaavia sekvenssejä | |
Yamane et al. | Efficient in vitro translocation into Escherichia coli membrane vesicles of a protein carrying an uncleavable signal peptide. Characterization of the translocation process. | |
DE102004058306A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Carboxy-terminal amidierten Peptiden | |
DE69834452T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von optisch aktiven Verbindungen | |
DE69333954T2 (de) | An der streptogramin biosynthese beteiligte polypeptide, ihre kodierenden nukleotidsequenzen und ihre verwendung | |
DE69728377T2 (de) | Verbesserte mutanten von (2,5 dkg) reduktase a | |
CA2125376A1 (en) | Lipopeptides from actinoplanes sp. with pharmacological action, process for their production and the use thereof | |
DE10241152A1 (de) | Tubulysin-Biosynthese-Gene | |
DE19622783A1 (de) | Isolierung der Biosynthesegene für Pseudo-Oligosaccharide aus Streptomyces glaucescens GLA.O und ihre Verwendung | |
DE102012007491A1 (de) | Neue Enzyme | |
EP0724629A1 (de) | Verfahren zur gezielten veränderung von enzymen, veränderte enzyme und deren verwendung | |
DE19951196A1 (de) | Massgeschneiderte Peptidsynthetasen und ihre Verwendung | |
DE60123334T2 (de) | Methode für die Produktion von Nukleotiden durch Fermentierung | |
Stettler et al. | An essential and specific subunit of RNA polymerase III (C) is encoded by gene RPC34 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | |
DE60109952T2 (de) | Ramoplaninbiosynthesegenkluster | |
DE112019000467T5 (de) | Rekombinanter Mikroorganismus, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und seine Anwendung bei der Herstellung von Coenzym Q10 | |
EP1504110A1 (de) | Verfahren zur biotechnologischen herstellung von xylit | |
EP1725582A1 (de) | Der faktor reca aus bacillus licheniformis und reca-inaktivierte sicherheitsstämme für die biotechnologische produktion | |
DE102004030938A1 (de) | Neue, Polyaminosäuren bildende oder abbauende Genprodukte von Bacillus licheniformis und darauf aufbauende verbesserte biotechnologische Produktionsverfahren | |
EP0733704B1 (de) | Steuerbares Expressionssystem | |
WO2005017166A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines lysates zur zellfreien proteinbiosynthese | |
EP0569806B1 (de) | DNA-Verbindungen und rekombinante, die Ribloflavinsynthetaseaktivität von S. cerevisiae codierende DNA-Expressionsvektoren |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 00804496.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AU CA CN CZ HU IL IN JP KR NO NZ PL TR US ZA |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2000912520 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 145004 Country of ref document: IL |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2364569 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 2364569 Country of ref document: CA Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2000 602764 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 09914477 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2000912520 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 2000912520 Country of ref document: EP |