Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
  • B29C43/28—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
  • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
  • A44B18/00—Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
  • A44B18/0046—Fasteners made integrally of plastics
  • A44B18/0049—Fasteners made integrally of plastics obtained by moulding processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C39/14—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
  • B29C39/148—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length characterised by the shape of the surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
  • B29C43/222—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length characterised by the shape of the surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
  • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
  • B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
  • B29C59/025—Fibrous surfaces with piles or similar fibres substantially perpendicular to the surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
  • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
  • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
  • B29C2035/0827—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
  • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
  • B29C35/0866—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using particle radiation
  • B29C2035/0877—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using particle radiation using electron radiation, e.g. beta-rays
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
  • B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
  • B29K2033/08—Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/727—Fastening elements
  • B29L2031/729—Hook and loop-type fasteners

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing adhesive fastener parts which have a multiplicity of interlocking means.
• thermoplastic polyolefins are produced from thermoplastic polyolefins by means of extrusion.
• the thermoplastic in the plastic or liquid state is fed, for example, to a gap between a pressure roller and a shaping roller, the shaping roller having a multiplicity of radially running recesses which are open on both sides.
• the thermoplastic material penetrates into the recesses as a result of the line squeezing pressure and hardens to a large extent, so that the adhesive closure parts can be detached from the molding roll as a three-dimensional structure.
• the adhesive fastener base body is formed, with which the interlocking means, namely the interlocking stems and the interlocking heads formed in the recesses, are integrally connected.
• Thermoplastic plastics such as polypropylene, polyamide or polyethylene are preferably used as materials in the conventional processes.
• Such a method is known for example from WO 98/20767.
• thermoplastic polymers due to the relatively slow cooling rate of the thermoplastic polymers, only a small number of meters of the three-dimensional adhesive closure film can be produced on an approximately 400 mm wide forming roller.
• thermoplastic materials require a considerable amount of energy by heating the thermoplastic material up to 300 ° C.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a new method and a new device for producing adhesive fastener parts, which allow an increase in production speed with reduced energy expenditure. Furthermore, the present invention is intended to enable the provision of more thermally resistant adhesive fastener parts and film structures with an extremely small thickness, a large number of projecting elements or interlocking means being provided.
• the process according to the invention is also energy-saving.
• Radiation curing also has the advantage that the polymerization takes place without the release of fission products. Rather, the radiation-crosslinkable, in particular acrylated, prepolymers are crosslinked almost quantitatively with one another and, if appropriate, also with existing reactive solvents.
• thermally resistant adhesive fastener parts can be produced, which can also be used, for example, as adhesive fastener parts for grinding wheels or other tools.
• the highly crosslinked acrylated polymers which are produced by radiation curing of formulations which comprise bi- and / or trifunctional prepolymers and / or monomers which promote crosslinking points have a particularly high thermal resistance.
• These polymers which, in contrast to the known polyolefins, polyamides and polyesters, can also be used at temperatures above 300 ° C., are essentially thermosets.
• polymers with more thermoplastic be produced by increasing the proportion of monofunctional prepolymers and optionally monomers.
• the properties of the polymers naturally also depend on the chain length and the degree of crosslinking of the prepolymers used.
• polyester acrylates epoxy acrylates, polyether acrylates, silicone acrylates or urethane acrylates can be used as radiation-crosslinkable, in particular acrylated, prepolymers.
• urethane acrylates are preferred since these can be crosslinked by radiation without a protective gas.
• Preferred urethane acrylates are the aliphatic mono-, bi- or trifunctional urethane acrylates, the aliphatic groups contributing to the flexibility of the plastic.
• Bifunctional aliphatic urethane acrylates are preferably used.
• the viscosity of the prepolymers used should preferably be between 3,000 and 60,000 mPas.
• polyester resins or chlorinated polyester resins or
• monofunctional acrylates reduces the hardness, increases flexibility and good adhesive properties of the polymer. Monofunctional monomers also cause less shrinkage during the polymerization.
• all known monofunctional acrylates can be used.
• the monofunctional acrylates are selected from the group consisting of butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, ethyl diglycol acrylate, isodecyl acrylate and 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate, with ethoxyethyl acrylate and isodecyl acrylate being particularly preferred.
• bifunctional or trifunctional acrylates also brings about the setting of the desired properties such as hardness and flexibility.
• Diethylene glycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate or 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate are preferably used as bifunctional monomers, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate being particularly preferred.
• trifunctional acrylates such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate or pentaerythritol triacrylate or higher-functional acrylates can also be used.
• a monomer mixture of mono- and bifunctional acrylates is preferably used, in particular a mixture of 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate and 1.6 hexanediol diacrylate.
• concentrations of the monomers added to the formulation depend on the required viscosity of the formulation and the desired hardness, flexibility, the adhesive properties of the polymer, the reaction rate etc.
• Another advantage of producing the adhesive fastener parts from radiation-crosslinkable prepolymers and monomers is that the adhesive properties of the plastic can be controlled by the choice of the monomers used, and that the corona discharge, gas flame treatment or fluorination is sufficient without the additional surface treatment steps required in the known thermoplastics Adhesion of the plastic can be achieved on a desired carrier. One work step can thus be saved in the method according to the invention.
• Radical-releasing molecules are used, such as, for example, ⁇ -hydroxyketone, ⁇ -aminoketones, benzil dimethyl ketals, bis-benzoyl-phenylphoshinoxides, metallocenes and their derivatives.
• a photoinitiator containing 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one for example Darocur 1173 from Ciba Geigy.
• the viscosity of the radiation-crosslinkable formulation depends on the special manufacturing conditions, for example the line squeezing pressure between the forming rolls.
• the viscosity of the formulation should preferably be between 150 and 20,000 mPa s, viscosities between 300 and 5,000 mPa s are particularly preferred.
• the percentage of the prepolymers added to the radiation-curable formulation depends on the required viscosity of the formulation, the properties of the prepolymers and monomers and the desired properties of the plastic material to be produced. In general, the proportion of prepolymers in the formulation is about 60 to 95%, preferably about 80%.
• the adhesive fastener parts produced according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways: in the baby diaper area or for incontinence diapers, as temperature-resistant adhesive fastener parts for fastening grinding wheels or other tools, for large-area fastening of carpets, wall hangings, for seat covers and seat elements, packaging or fly screens and for self-cleaning surfaces.
• the thickness of the fastener base body and the number of hooking means per cm 2 depend on the use of the finished fastener parts.
• the process according to the invention can also be used to produce other films which comprise elements or ribs which protrude at least on one side, such as riblet films.
• Riblet films have a large number of such protruding elements on one side, which reduce the wall shear stress and / or control the separation of the boundary layers.
• the protruding elements can be shaped in accordance with the desired effects of the surface structure in the manner of a shark skin or a lotus flower, which bring about a reduction in flow resistance and / or are self-cleaning.
• Such surface structures are described, for example, in “Biological Surfaces and their Technological Application - Laboratory and Flight Experiments on Drag Reduction and Separation Control” by DW Bechert, M. Bruse, W. Hage and R. Meyer in “Fluid Mech. (1997) Vol 338, pp. 59-87 Cambridge University Press ".
• Riblet films of this type are likewise produced by means of the formulations comprising radiation-crosslinkable, in particular acrylated prepolymers, these likewise being shaped accordingly between a shaping roller and a counter-pressure roller and then radiation-hardened, the shaping roller having a large number of recesses complementary to the Riblet structure.
• the Riblet films that can be produced from radiation-curable formulations stand out also characterized by a high production speed and an extraordinarily high temperature resistance.
• the riblet films are used, for example, to reduce the flow resistance in airplanes and trains or in pipelines, to prevent ice formation in airplanes or as a self-cleaning film.
• HDDA (3) hexanediol diacrylate
• the viscosity of this formulation is approximately 300 mPa s.
• TMPTA (5) trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• UCB Chemicals 2.9% by weight of Darocur 1173 ⁇ 4
• HDDA hexanediol diacrylate
• Ebecryl 4835 is a mixture of aliphatic urethane diacrylates diluted with 10% tetraethylene glycol acrylate.
• the viscosity at 25 ° C is about 4,500 mPa s.
• the molecular weight is approximately 1,600 g / mol.
• IRR 184 is a 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acrylate. According to the manufacturer, the viscosity is around 2.5 to 9 mPa s at 25 ° C.
• the viscosity of the HDDA is 10 mPa s according to the manufacturer.
• Darocur 1173 has overlapping absorption bands in the range between 240 and 400 nm.
• the viscosity of the trimethylolpropane triacrylate is 115 mPa s.
• Figure 1 shows a device for producing adhesive fastener parts on a carrier material by means of UV curing
• Figure 2 shows a device for producing adhesive fastener parts without additional carrier material by means of UV curing.
• FIG. 3 shows a side view of a detail from an adhesive closure part 26 on a carrier 13.
• a film made of plastic e.g. B. from Hostaphan, a fleece, a textile material or any other suitable carrier material.
• the film 15 of the formulation to be polymerized on the carrier material 13 is then fed to a nip 16 between a shaping roller 11 and a counter-pressure roller 12.
• the shaping roller 11 has a plurality of radially extending recesses 17 which are open on both sides.
• the viscous formulation is pressed through the gap 16 in the form of an adhesive fastener base body 21 and in the recesses into the form of the hooking means 24 (see also FIG. 3) comprising hooking webs 22 and hooking heads 23 and then irradiated by irradiation with UV light 19 having a suitable wavelength.
• the hooking means can be shaped in various ways, for example have a round, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal cross-sectional area.
• the interlocking heads 23 can also have different shapes, for example plate-shaped, mushroom-shaped, curved or hook-shaped. Such configurations are described in the subsequently published DE 198 28 856.5.
• the UV-sensitive photoinitiator By absorbing the UV light, the UV-sensitive photoinitiator releases radicals that start the radical chain polymerization.
• the reaction rate of the polymerization reaction is extremely high, so that the adhesive fastener parts 26 on the carrier material 13 consisting of the adhesive fastener base body 21 and the hooking means 24 can be detached from the shaping roller 11 in a fraction of the conventional curing time by means of the take-off roller 20. Approx. 20 to 30 m of adhesive film can be produced per minute. Since lower line squeeze pressures are required compared to the known methods, the device can have wider rollers 11, 12, 20 with the same accuracy. Due to the line squeezing pressure between the rollers 11 and 12 and the UV radiation, a firm connection between the carrier material 13 and the adhesive fastener base body 21 is also achieved.
• the formulation is added in a slight excess, so that the bead 25 made of radiation-crosslinkable mass 14 always provides sufficient starting material for supplying the recesses 17 in the molding roll 11.
• the counter-pressure roller 12 and the roller 20 have a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of rotation of the shaping roller 11.
• a medium-pressure mercury lamp can be used as the UV source 19.
• other sources of UV radiation are also possible.
• UV light in the wavelength range between 180 and 400 nm is irradiated, corresponding to approximately 3 to 6 eV.
• the radiation wavelength depends on the emission spectrum of the UV radiation source used and on the absorption band of the photoinitiators.
• the carrier material 13 used should of course be largely resistant to UV radiation. In addition, despite the filtering and scattering of the UV radiation caused by the carrier material, it must be ensured that sufficient photochemically generated primary radicals are set in motion in the layer to be hardened.
• the device shown in FIG. 2 serves for the production of adhesive closure parts without additional carrier material.
• the radiation-crosslinkable formulation 14 is located in a storage container 31 and is added via a nozzle 32 to the gap 16 between the forming roller 11 and the counter-pressure roller 12, the addition taking place in a slight excess as in the device described in FIG. Due to the high viscosity of the radiation-crosslinkable formulation, the deformation of the viscous mass caused by the contact pressure is maintained until extensive curing by radiation has occurred and the adhesive closure parts are detached from the shaping roller 11 by means of the take-off roller 20.
• an electron beam source is used instead of the UV source 19 in the devices described in FIGS. 1 and 2 and, for example, one of the formulations B1 or B2 is used as the radiation-crosslinkable composition.
• the energy range of electron radiation is usually between 150 and 300 keV.
• the adhesive fastener parts can also be produced from radiation-crosslinkable, in particular acrylated, prepolymers in other continuously or discontinuously operating devices which have means for deforming, casting and / or pressing radiation-crosslinkable, in particular acrylated prepolymer-containing formulations in the form of an adhesive fastener main body with hooking means arranged thereon include a UV or an electron radiation source for radiation curing.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Slide Fasteners (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=7897382

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (19)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (20)

• 1999
  • 1999-02-15 DE DE19906008A patent/DE19906008A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-01-22 EP EP00903613A patent/EP1154887B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-01-22 BR BRPI0008229-5A patent/BR0008229B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-01-22 JP JP2000599577A patent/JP4485692B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-01-22 MX MXPA01008231A patent/MXPA01008231A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-01-22 WO PCT/EP2000/000486 patent/WO2000048812A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2000-01-22 AT AT00903613T patent/ATE265918T1/de active
  • 2000-01-22 ES ES00903613T patent/ES2219306T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-01-22 DK DK00903613T patent/DK1154887T3/da active
  • 2000-01-22 DE DE50006326T patent/DE50006326D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-01-22 PT PT00903613T patent/PT1154887E/pt unknown
  • 2000-01-22 CA CA002362063A patent/CA2362063C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-01-22 US US09/913,403 patent/US7008589B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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