WO2000017791A1 - Procede et appareil d'authentification de donnees relatives aux ventes de distributeur automatique - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'authentification de donnees relatives aux ventes de distributeur automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000017791A1
WO2000017791A1 PCT/US1999/018426 US9918426W WO0017791A1 WO 2000017791 A1 WO2000017791 A1 WO 2000017791A1 US 9918426 W US9918426 W US 9918426W WO 0017791 A1 WO0017791 A1 WO 0017791A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sales
sales data
encoded
currency
machine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/018426
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel E. Tedesco
James A. Jorasch
Original Assignee
Walker Digital, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Walker Digital, Llc filed Critical Walker Digital, Llc
Priority to AU61294/99A priority Critical patent/AU6129499A/en
Publication of WO2000017791A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000017791A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F5/00—Coin-actuated mechanisms; Interlocks
    • G07F5/18—Coin-actuated mechanisms; Interlocks specially adapted for controlling several coin-freed apparatus from one place
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F9/00—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus
    • G07F9/002—Vending machines being part of a centrally controlled network of vending machines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F9/00—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus
    • G07F9/02—Devices for alarm or indication, e.g. when empty; Advertising arrangements in coin-freed apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to vending machines. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for authenticating operational
  • merchandise includes drinks, candy, frozen deserts, snacks, video tapes and children's toys.
  • Many entrepreneurs are attracted to the basic concept of selling products using a vending machine due to the significant advantages attributed to vending machines over traditional merchandising, such as 24-hour convenience, lower labor costs, and non- traditional locations.
  • vending machines In order to enable an automated vending machine to operate profitably, many operators place vending machines in high-traffic areas, such as office parks and retail stores. Real estate owners often lease space to vending machine operators in exchange for a flat rental fee or a portion of either the revenue or profit periodically earned from
  • a party to a profit-sharing agreement such as a real estate owner or a product distributor, must rely on the vending machine operator to truthfully and accurately report revenues and profits.
  • Interested parties such as real estate owners and product
  • Another trust-based relationship in the vending machine industry is the relationship between vending machine operating companies that own and manage a number of vending machines and their employees who manage the localized areas in which the operating company has a presence, commonly referred to as "route
  • Route managers are primarily responsible for re-stocking machines with inventory and collecting the money earned by the machines on their route. There is presently no reliable way to verify that a route manager has returned all the revenues generated by the vending machines for which he is responsible.
  • Prior art attempts to solve the problems associated with these trust-based relationships include location masking schemes, hand-held data collection units and remote reporting systems.
  • One prior art method attempted to verify revenues by masking the location associated with each collection bag. By masking the locations
  • DeMar discloses a tamper-resistant system for recording the occurrence of various events, such as the number of games played, the
  • the DeMar invention requires a considerable time investment (e.g. traveling to the site of the coin-operated machine) by the interested party to verify the accuracy of any reported sales data.
  • New communication protocols enable the remote monitoring and access to vending machines sales data. For example, operators use cellular technology to monitor changes in inventory. Even power lines have been used to monitor vending
  • Hand-held data devices have been employed by operators to download sales data from vending machines during the restocking process. The downloaded data is stored for subsequent evaluation.
  • downloaded sales data may include "product turns” and "out of orders.” Examples of such devices include the AUDITPRO 2000, manufactured by Hamilton Mfg. Corp. of Holland, Ohio, and those commonly manufactured by CompuVend of Bridge City, LA. Yet another example is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,442,568 to Ostendorf, entitled “VENDING MACHINE AUDIT MONITORING SYSTEM.”
  • Downloaded sales data may be accessed and analyzed using specialized accounting software, such as the accounting software developed by Vendmaster
  • Vendmaster software produces reports on sales data including analyses of profitability, expenses, optimal restocking schedules
  • vending machine operators suffer because the reported sales data of vending machines is not trustworthy. If trust could be established, and sales data could be verified, interested parties would be less hesitant to start, continue or develop relationships with vending machine operators.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vending machine which outputs documented sales data associated with the vending machine and securely outputs the documented sales data to an operator for reporting to an interested party, such as a real estate owner or product distributor, thereby enabling the interested party
  • An advantage of the present invention is that it enables a vending machine operator to automatically produce trustworthy sales data associated with a vending machine.
  • a related advantage of the present invention is that it enables an interested party to rely on sales data submitted by a vending machine operator.
  • a feature of the present invention is that the interested party authenticating the
  • a method and apparatus are disclosed for documenting sales information generated at an off-line automatic sales machine.
  • the method includes the step of measuring a parameter indicative of the sales information.
  • the method further includes the step of encoding at least the parameter indicative the sales information to derive a encoded sales data.
  • the encoded sales data is output to an operator for verifying by an interested party.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the components of a vending machine according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the components of a vending
  • Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the components of a third party server according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a system for authenticating
  • Figure 5 is a table showing components of an exemplary encoded information
  • Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a first computer-implemented process enabling a operator to document sales data
  • Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating an alternate computer-implemented process enabling a operator to document sales data
  • Figure 8' is a flowchart illustrating a computer- implemented processes enabling a third party to authenticate documented sales data.
  • the route manager or vending machine operator can provide trustworthy sales data to an interested party, such as a real estate owner, a vending machine leasee, a product distributor or a taxing authority, such as the Internal Revenue Service.
  • the documented sales data may be authenticated by the interested party
  • the method and apparatus of the present invention eliminate the need for trust by an interested party, thereby strengthening relationships within the vending machine industry that previously
  • the present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for producing
  • the present invention is further directed to a method and apparatus for authenticating documented sales data.
  • the present invention ensures that the documented sales data may not be altered or
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the components of two exemplary vending machines 100 and 200, respectively, which include the features of the present
  • vending machines including traditional vending machines, slot machines, automated teller machines (“ATMs”),
  • media including, but not limited to, coins, bills and other currencies, magnetic stripe cards and smart cards (whether pre-paid or linked to an account), and identification codes.
  • vending machine 100 includes a processor 110 for executing instructions stored in a memory 110 for storing instructions for processing instructions stored in a memory 110 for storing instructions for processing instructions for executing instructions stored in a memory 110 for storing instructions for executing instructions for executing instructions stored in a memory 110 for storing instructions for executing instructions for executing instructions stored in a memory 110 for storing instructions for executing instructions for executing instructions stored in a memory 110 for storing instructions for executing instructions for a processor 110 for a processor 110 for the processor 110 for executing instructions.
  • Processor 110 may be any one of many well known processing units commonly used in an automated sales device, for
  • Processor 110 communicates with conventional elements of vending machine 100, such as random access memory (“RAM”) 114, read-only memory (“ROM”) 116 and clock 118.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • clock 118 clock 118.
  • Processor 110 further communicates with storage device 112 which stores
  • Encoding protocol table 130 stores data describing the algorithms for the encoding of sales data, and may include private keys, public keys and encoding instructions as necessary.
  • Inventory table 134 stores data
  • Inventory table 134 may include data identifying products and describing quantities, prices, and other commonly tracked inventory data.
  • Transaction table 136 stores data describing the transactions processed by vending machine 100.
  • Transaction table 136 may include transaction dates, times, amounts and quantities, as well as other commonly tracked transaction or accounting data. A portion of the sales data documented by the present invention may be stored in
  • Storage device 112 comprises an appropriate combination of magnetic and
  • optical memory such as disk drive memory
  • semiconductor memory such as random access memory and read only memory
  • storage device 112 may store appropriate operating system
  • control software (not shown), functional to operate vending machine 100 in the
  • vending machine 100 also includes an input/output device 122 for receiving input from a customer indicating a product selection.
  • Input/output device 122 for receiving input from a customer indicating a product selection.
  • Input/output device 122 may also be used for receiving input from an operator during stocking or maintenance of vending machine 100.
  • Input/output device 122 preferably includes a set of alphanumeric keys for providing input to vending machine 100.
  • input/output device 122 could include a selector dial, a set of buttons associated with a
  • vending machine 100 may include more than one input/output device 122.
  • vending machine 100 may include an exterior input/output device 122 for receiving customer input and an interior input
  • input/output device 122 provides the dual functionality of receiving input data from
  • Input/output device 122 is also used to output information to a customer or operator.
  • Input/output device may include a liquid crystal display (“LCD”), light-emitting diode (“LED”) display or any other audio/visual output mechanism known by one skilled in the art.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • LED light-emitting diode
  • Vending machine 100 also includes a conventional product dispenser 140 and a payment processing device 120.
  • Payment processing device 120 may include several
  • Payment processing device includes a coin acceptor, bill validator, magnetic stripe reader and change dispenser.
  • 120 may include conventional devices such as Mars models AE-2400, MC5000,
  • a route manager or vending machine operator services vending machine 100.
  • the servicing may include re-stocking products, removing currency stored by payment processing device 120, and other routine maintenance tasks.
  • processor 110 executes program 138 to perform a sales documentation process resulting in encoded sales data being output
  • the sales documentation process may be triggered by the opening of a door (not shown) of vending machine 100, a request received from the operator via input/output device 122, a sensor (not shown) of payment processing device 120, the sale of a product or any other sales or servicing event.
  • the sales documentation process may be triggered by the opening of a door (not shown) of vending machine 100, a request received from the operator via input/output device 122, a sensor (not shown) of payment processing device 120, the sale of a product or any other sales or servicing event.
  • the sales documentation process may be triggered by the opening of a door (not shown) of vending machine 100, a request received from the operator via input/output device 122, a sensor (not shown) of payment processing device 120, the sale of a product or any other sales or servicing event.
  • the sales documentation process may be triggered by the opening of a door (not shown) of vending machine 100, a request received from the operator via input/output device 122, a sensor
  • the sales data that is documented may include any data that describes the operation of vending machine 100 over a specific period of time.
  • the sales data may include a quantity of goods or services sold, an amount of currency collected, inventory identification information such as bar codes or serial numbers and
  • the sales data may include other information, such as the number of times the door has been opened, a re-stocking date, an operator identifier, an apparatus identifier, accumulated totals or a diagnostic test result or a
  • the sales data is encoded to discourage any material alteration of the encoded
  • the code may be generated by encrypting a specific sales figure or by "hashing" sales data corresponding to a previous period, such as total revenue collected, total profits realized, as well as product
  • vending machine 100 After generating the encoded sales data, vending machine 100 outputs the encoded sales data to the operator via input/output device 122.
  • the operator presents the encoded sales data to an interested party along with the actual sales data, enabling the interested party to verify that the sales data provided by the operator is accurate.
  • vending machine 200 is illustrated containing many of the same elements as vending machine 100. Elements that are common to both vending machine 100 and vending machine 200 are referred to in Figures 1 and 2 using
  • vending machine 200 includes a secure encoding module 204 for performing the encoding steps of the present invention. Although secure encoding module 204 is shown as being integrated with vending machine 200, secure encoding module 204 may be embodied as an add-on module for retrofitting conventional vending machines. Vending machine 200 further includes inventory management apparatus 150 for performing inventory management steps according to an alternate method of the present
  • Inventory management apparatus 150 is preferably a controller for monitoring and controlling access to inventory.
  • vending machine 200 is an ATM
  • inventory management apparatus 150 is a controller for securely counting and dispensing currency to an operator.
  • secure encoding module 204 includes processor 210, RAM 214,
  • Secure encoding module 204 further includes storage device 212 storing
  • secure encoding module 204 are preferably encased in secure perimeter 202.
  • Secure perimeter 202 is a substantially secure housing or casing that serves to prevent unauthorized access or tampering. In one embodiment, encoding
  • module 204 is encased within a steel frame with only a small hole through which a wire
  • encoding module 204 may be passed for communication between communication port 220 and processor 110.
  • encoding module 204 is completely chip-based, with all of the chips covered in an epoxy or resin which is allowed to harden. In such an embodiment, attempts to remove a chip will result in damage substantial enough that it may not be
  • Vending machine 200 operates in accordance with an alternate method of the present invention. As in the preferred embodiment, a predetermined event triggers the processing of sales data. Processor 210 executes documenting program 234 to perform
  • the sales data includes data supplied by inventory management apparatus 150.
  • inventory management apparatus 150 For example, in the case where vending machine
  • ATM automated teller machine
  • inventory management apparatus 150 would count the currency to be removed from the ATM and supply the data to processor 210 for use in the sales data documenting process.
  • server 300 for authenticating documented sales data.
  • the components of server 300 include processor 310, communication port 312, RAM 314, ROM 316, clock 318 and storage device 320.
  • Communication port 312 is operatively connected to processor 310 for transmitting and
  • Clock 318 is operatively connected to processor 310 for maintaining and providing a chronographic measurement, such as time and date.
  • communication port 312 may be a modem employing a
  • DTMF dual-tone modulated frequency
  • communication port 312 may interface processor 310 to a smart card reader, a hand-held data collection device or an I/O device controllable by a human operator.
  • Storage device 320 is operatively connected to processor 310 providing storage
  • Storage device 320 stores decoding protocol table 330 and authenticating program 332, including instructions for implementing the authenticating process steps of the present invention.
  • Storage device 320 is preferably a conventional disk drive employing magnetic media, a CD-ROM drive, optical disk drive, RAM drive or any other conventional storage device as would be deemed appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art. Referring now to Figure 4, there is illustrated an exemplary system for
  • the exemplary system includes vending machine 200 for producing a code representing sales data by
  • Secure encoding module 204 generates the code by encoding sales data received from
  • vending machine 100 may be substituted for vending machine 200.
  • the exemplary system further includes a user device 430 connected to a trusted third party server 300 via network 340.
  • an operator 410 performs routine maintenance on vending machine
  • management apparatus 150 to count and dispense the currency, and causing secure
  • Vending machine 200 outputs the encoded sales data via input/output device 122.
  • the encoded sales data will be an encoded version of the actual sales data, but in preferred embodiments, it may include an operator
  • identifier e.g., a personal identification number (“PIN”) or biometric data
  • PIN personal identification number
  • biometric data e.g., biometric data
  • device identifier e.g., a device identifier
  • facility identifier e.g., a facility identifier
  • timestamp e.g., a timestamp
  • Operator 410 or input/output device 122 may record the encoded sales data for
  • Authenticating user 420 employing a user device 430, such as a touch-tone telephone or personal computer, provides the encoded sales data and the plain text sales data to trusted third party server 300 via network 340.
  • a user device 430 such as a touch-tone telephone or personal computer
  • Server 300 decodes the encoded sales data and compares the decoded sales data to the plain text sales data. In this way, server 300 determines whether the documented sales data is accurate and communicates the results of the authentication process to
  • the present invention is an off-line process that enables an interested party, authenticating user 420 in Figure 4, to authenticate sales data provided by operator 410. It should further be noted that the present invention enables authenticating user 420 to
  • Encoded information table 500 provides a
  • Each record of encoded information table 500 corresponds to sales data output to an operator, and includes an operator identifier 510, a timestamp 512, non-encoded sales data 514 and encoded sales
  • Operator identifier field 510 stores data identifying an operator of vending machine 200.
  • Timestamp field 512 stores data identifying the date and time the associated record was stored.
  • Sales data field 514 stores data representing the plain text
  • Encoded sales data field 516 stores data representing an encoded version of the information stored in sales data field 514.
  • encoded sales data field 516 shown in Figure 5 are merely illustrative, and may be generated based on any well-known cryptographic protocol.
  • the exemplary encoded information table 500 includes two records. Record
  • the sales data indicates that $305.75 was received by vending machine 200 between the dates of 6/1/98 and 6/8/98.
  • An encoded version of the sales data (“AE1X92") is stored in encoded sales data field 516.
  • Record 530 represents sales data output on 6/15/98 at 2:58 pm. The sales data was output to the operator having operator identifier "70592,” and indicates that $295.15 was received
  • vending machine 200 between the dates of 6/8/98 and 6/15/98.
  • An encoded version of the sales data (“5B76GM”) is stored in encoded sales data field 516.
  • vending machine 100 vending machine 100
  • vending machine 200 trusted third party server 300
  • vending machine 100 accumulates and stores sales data.
  • the accumulation of sales data may be accomplished in any number of conventional ways.
  • the accumulated sales data is stored in transaction table 136.
  • vending machine 100 An operator request for the sales data is received by vending machine 100 at
  • the ⁇ equest may be manually entered by the operator, or it may be automatically generated based on the activity of the operator. For example, the opening of the door of vending machine 100 may trigger execution of the sales documentation process.
  • vending machine 100 retrieves the
  • Vending machine 100 encodes the retrieved sales data at block 618.
  • the sales data may be encoded according to any of a number of cryptographic protocols.
  • vending machine 100 may generate encoded sales data using a stored
  • the algorithm encrypts the data using the key, generating an encrypted code that is not decipherable by an operator. Accordingly, the operator may present the code along with plain text sales data to an interested party.
  • the interested party can either decipher the
  • vending machine 100 may encode the retrieved sales data using public key cryptography. In this case, vending machine 100 would store a
  • Vending machine 100 would encrypt the sales data with the private key to generate a
  • the invention may be practiced with other algorithms (sudh as simple ciphers and transpositional protocols) which serve to prevent casual fraud.
  • a hash algorithm for example, a checksum protocol
  • the encoded sales data is stored in encoded information table 500
  • the encoded sales data, and optionally the plain text sales data is output to the operator via input output device 122, as shown at block 622.
  • encoding process may be embodied to employ well- known digital signature techniques as an alternative to traditionally encoding the sales
  • the plain text sales data may be digitally signed and output in place of the encoded sales data.
  • any tampering could be detected.
  • vending machine 200 receives a request from an operator to withdraw currency.
  • the request preferably includes an amount to withdraw.
  • vending machine 200 totals the currency to be withdrawn, and dispenses the currency at block 714.
  • vending machine 200 retrieves the system
  • Vending machine 200 encodes the amount of total currency withdrawn and system time at block 718.
  • the encoded sales data is stored in encoded information table 500 along with the plain text sales data, an operator identifier and a timestamp at block 720.
  • the encoded sales data, and optionally the plain text sales data is output to
  • third party server 300 receives a
  • the request includes encoded information provided by an interested party and preferably further includes the plain text version of the encoded sales data.
  • the request is transmitted by the interested party via an interactive voice-response unit ("IVRU").
  • IVRU interactive voice-response unit
  • third party server 300 retrieves decoding
  • Third party server 300 determines if the decoded sales data matches the plain text sales data at block 816, and outputs the result of the determination via communication port 312 at block 818.
  • sales data can be certified for location owners, machine lessors, product manufacturers, vending machine operating companies and the like.
  • the vended dollar volume may include the vended dollar volume, the total profitability of the machine, the quantity of transactions, the demand rates for individual products, the sales quantity of
  • present invention documents and authenticates sales data for casino managers and
  • sales data could include the odds the machine offered to players, the profitability of the machine or the total dollar volume transacted.
  • the invention can document and authenticate the amount of fees generated by the machine to location owners, such as convenience store owners. Convenience store operators reportedly earn approximately 60% of the fees generated from ATM machines at their stores. Using the present invention, a
  • convenience store owner and/or manager may now verify that the bank that services an ATM installed in a convenience store is accurately reporting the amount of fees
  • Banks may employ the present invention to ensure that ATM maintenance personnel report the correct amounts, in the right denominations, and even with the right serial numbers on the bills.
  • the present invention enables the ATM to monitor the amounts, denominations and/or serial numbers via the bill validator/acceptor, and to
  • the authentication enabled by the present invention would allow a bank to outsource pick-up responsibilities to location owners, such as convenience store owners, because the information pertaining to the cash to be picked up can be authenticated.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé permettant le recensement des données relatives aux ventes générées au niveau d'un distributeur automatique. En fonctionnement, l'appareil cumule les données relatives aux ventes. Il code les données relatives aux ventes, dérivant ainsi des données relatives aux ventes codées (618). L'appareil envoie également les données codées relatives aux ventes à un utilisateur (622). Un procédé et un appareil pour authentifier les données relatives aux ventes recensées sont également décrits.
PCT/US1999/018426 1998-09-18 1999-08-12 Procede et appareil d'authentification de donnees relatives aux ventes de distributeur automatique WO2000017791A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU61294/99A AU6129499A (en) 1998-09-18 1999-08-12 Method and apparatus for authenticating vending machine sales data

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15715098A 1998-09-18 1998-09-18
US09/157,150 1998-09-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000017791A1 true WO2000017791A1 (fr) 2000-03-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/018426 WO2000017791A1 (fr) 1998-09-18 1999-08-12 Procede et appareil d'authentification de donnees relatives aux ventes de distributeur automatique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6129499A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000017791A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001091069A2 (fr) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-29 Munroe Chirnomas Procedes permettant de mener des activites commerciales en relation avec la vente par distributeurs automatiques
WO2002003340A1 (fr) * 2000-05-23 2002-01-10 Munroe Chirnomas Procédé et dispositif de positionnement d'un manipulateur d'articles
US6917853B2 (en) 2000-05-23 2005-07-12 Munroe Chirnomas Method and apparatus for controlling rented or leased or loaned equipment
WO2011130177A1 (fr) * 2010-04-12 2011-10-20 Mei, Inc. Génération de fichier d'audit unique à partir de multiples sources

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US4588991A (en) * 1983-03-07 1986-05-13 Atalla Corporation File access security method and means
US4611205A (en) * 1982-10-18 1986-09-09 Mars, Inc. Data collection system
US4766548A (en) * 1987-01-02 1988-08-23 Pepsico Inc. Telelink monitoring and reporting system
US5257179A (en) * 1991-10-11 1993-10-26 Williams Electronics Games, Inc. Audit and pricing system for coin-operated games
US5297205A (en) * 1989-10-24 1994-03-22 Adventure Portable electronic device to establish public loyalty to a medium or similar
US5337253A (en) * 1990-12-07 1994-08-09 Kaspar Wire Works, Inc. Vending machine data processing system

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US4611205A (en) * 1982-10-18 1986-09-09 Mars, Inc. Data collection system
US4588991A (en) * 1983-03-07 1986-05-13 Atalla Corporation File access security method and means
US4766548A (en) * 1987-01-02 1988-08-23 Pepsico Inc. Telelink monitoring and reporting system
US5297205A (en) * 1989-10-24 1994-03-22 Adventure Portable electronic device to establish public loyalty to a medium or similar
US5337253A (en) * 1990-12-07 1994-08-09 Kaspar Wire Works, Inc. Vending machine data processing system
US5257179A (en) * 1991-10-11 1993-10-26 Williams Electronics Games, Inc. Audit and pricing system for coin-operated games

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001091069A2 (fr) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-29 Munroe Chirnomas Procedes permettant de mener des activites commerciales en relation avec la vente par distributeurs automatiques
WO2002003340A1 (fr) * 2000-05-23 2002-01-10 Munroe Chirnomas Procédé et dispositif de positionnement d'un manipulateur d'articles
WO2001091069A3 (fr) * 2000-05-23 2002-03-21 Munroe Chirnomas Procedes permettant de mener des activites commerciales en relation avec la vente par distributeurs automatiques
US6917853B2 (en) 2000-05-23 2005-07-12 Munroe Chirnomas Method and apparatus for controlling rented or leased or loaned equipment
US8374967B2 (en) 2000-05-23 2013-02-12 Munroe Chirnomas Method and apparatus for controlling rented or leased or loaned equipment
WO2011130177A1 (fr) * 2010-04-12 2011-10-20 Mei, Inc. Génération de fichier d'audit unique à partir de multiples sources
US9547950B2 (en) 2010-04-12 2017-01-17 Crane Payment Innovations, Inc. Generating a single audit file from multiple sources

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