Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
  • A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
  • A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aqueous, homogeneous compositions in the form of active ingredient concentrates for influencing plant growth with an active ingredient concentration of at least 20%, and the use of these active ingredient concentrates for the preparation of aqueous spray solutions with increased effectiveness.
• Active ingredients that influence plant growth can influence practically all developmental stages of a plant in various ways and are therefore used as growth regulators.
• Such active substances have a number of different possible uses, for example in plant cultivation, in agriculture and in horticulture. With their help, the vegetative growth of the plants can be strongly inhibited, which manifests itself in particular in a reduction in the length growth.
• the treated plants accordingly have a compact stature; a darker leaf coloration can also be observed.
• a reduced intensity of the growth of grass on road edges, hedges, canal slopes and on lawns such as parks, sports and fruit facilities, ornamental lawns and airfields has proven to be advantageous in practice, so that the labor-intensive and costly lawn cutting can be reduced.
• frost resistance can also be significantly increased in winter rape.
• the growth in length and the development of a lush (and therefore particularly susceptible to frost) leaf or plant mass are inhibited.
• the young rapeseed plants are retained in the vegetative development after sowing and before the onset of winter frosts, despite favorable growth conditions. This also eliminates the risk to frost of those plants which tend to prematurely break down the flowering inhibition and to transition to the generative phase. Also with other cultures, e.g. B.
• the additional yields can be achieved both on parts of plants and on plant ingredients.
• the active ingredients can increase yields by interfering with the plant metabolism or by promoting or inhibiting vegetative and / or generative growth.
• plant growth regulators both a shortening or lengthening of the developmental stages and an acceleration or deceleration of the ripeness of the harvested plant parts can be achieved before or after the harvest.
• Ease of harvest for example, is of economic interest, which is made possible by the time-related falling or decreasing of the adhesive strength on the tree in the case of citrus fruits, olives or other types and varieties of pome, stone and nuts.
• the same mechanism that is, the promotion of the formation of separating tissue between the fruit or leaf and shoot part of the plant is also essential for a well-controlled defoliation of useful plants such as cotton.
• Growth regulators can further reduce the water consumption of plants. This is particularly important for agricultural land that has to be irrigated artificially at a high cost, for example in arid or semi-arid areas. By using growth regulators, the intensity of irrigation can be reduced and thus more economical cultivation can be carried out.
• the available water is better utilized because, among other things, the opening width of the stomata is reduced, a thicker epidermis and cuticle are formed, the root penetration of the soil is improved, the perspiring leaf surface is reduced, or the microclimate in crop crops is favorably influenced by a more compact growth.
• growth-regulating active ingredients include N, N, N-trimethyl-N-ß-chloroethyl-ammonium chloride (CCC, chlorocholine chloride, chlormequat, DE 12 94 734), N, N-dimethylmorpholinium chloride (DMC , DE 16 42 215) and N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride (DPC, MQC, mepiquat chloride, DE 22 07 575).
• CCC chlorocholine chloride
• DMC N-dimethylmorpholinium chloride
• DPC N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride
• MQC mepiquat chloride
• Active compound concentrates for example PIX ®, PIX ® DF, BASF Corporation
• PIX ® DF for example PIX ®, PIX ® DF, BASF Corporation
• the object of the present invention was to provide stable, homogeneous active substance concentrates on an aqueous basis which are distinguished by the highest possible active substance content and also contain an action-increasing proportion of additives.
• the active ingredient concentrates should enable simple, safe and efficient use by the end user.
• the object is achieved in that aqueous, active substance-containing compositions are made available in the form of active substance concentrates with an active substance concentration of at least 20%
• R 3 is an aliphatic group with 6-24 carbon atoms, C 6 -C 6 -alkyl-phenoxy-polyethoxy, C ⁇ -Ci 6 -alkyl-phenyl, C ⁇ . -Ci 6 alkyl-naphthyl and M represents a mono- or divalent cationic group; or
• R 4 C 6 -C 2 alkyl
• R 5 is hydrogen, -CC 4 alkyl, benzyl, C ⁇ -CC-alkyl-benzyl or hydroxy-polyethoxy-ethyl
• R 6 has the same meaning as R 5 , where R 5 and R 6 may be the same or different
• X is an anionic group.
• the concentration of the active ingredients in the solution is up to 70, preferably up to 60% or 50% (In the following, the percentages relate to percentages by weight, unless stated otherwise).
• the solutions are provided in particular as concentrates with an active ingredient concentration of at least 20%, preferably at least 30% or 40%. Such concentrated single phase
• compositions according to the invention are distinguished by a very good mixing compatibility between the individual additives and the active compounds of the formula I.
• the resulting compositions are stable, homogeneous and single phase.
• the additives selected according to the invention increase the biological action of the compounds of the formula I. They also serve as solubilizers for surface-active substances, especially for non-ionic surfactants. This enables an increased addition of these additives to the liquid formulations. An increased addition is advantageous since this results in a further increase in the activity of the compounds of the formula I in comparison to formulations which do not contain these additives. In this way, the required application rate of the active ingredients of formula I in agriculture can be significantly reduced. For example, it was possible to reduce the amount of active substance by at least 10%, sometimes even by at least up to 30% or at least up to 50% with a comparable biological effect.
• the amount of active ingredient applied can be reduced to a value of 0.1-1.5 kg / ha.
• a comparable biological effect could be achieved with an application rate of 0.5 kg / ha of the active ingredient, while without the addition of the additives according to the invention an application rate of 2 kg / ha was required to to achieve a comparable effect.
• the corresponding application rate for cotton for example, is 0.001 - 0.1 kg / ha.
• the amount of effort required for different plants varies and is adapted to the respective needs and climatic conditions.
• compositions according to the invention With the aid of the compositions according to the invention, however, in all cases a corresponding reduction in the application rate which is otherwise usual is achieved. Another advantage of the formulations according to the invention is that the proportion of further additives can be reduced or is no longer necessary.
• the concentrates according to the invention preferably exist essentially from an active ingredient of the formula I, one of the said auxiliary substances b1 - b3) or mixtures of these auxiliary substances, and water, in the absence of further additives.
• the use of the additives selected according to the invention enables the preparation of finished formulations of the active compounds of the formula I, which furthermore in particular non-ionic surfactants, such as e.g. Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers.
• non-ionic surfactants such as e.g. Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers.
• the additives according to the invention surprisingly function as excellent solubilizers for these nonionic surfactants.
• the use of a 10-30% proportion of the additives according to the invention enables 10-30% of further action-enhancing additives to be present in these finished formulations.
• the further addition of such additives as so-called weather, spreaders, wetting agents or other auxiliaries accelerates the absorption of active ingredients in the leaves of the plants and thus enables less use of the crop protection agents.
• alkylglucosides are additives which are produced from raw materials (sugar) which are renewable in nature.
• Alkyl glucosides consist of a high proportion of hexoses, which are quickly broken down in nature and are therefore particularly advantageous from an environmental point of view when used in agriculture. In this way, the application of purely synthetic additives on the open land can be reduced.
• formulations according to the invention contain the active substances in high concentrations, it is also possible ultimately to save packaging costs, transport costs or storage costs in comparison to the crop protection agents which are usually to be used in larger amounts.
• R 1 , R 2 and X have the following meanings:
• R 2 -CC 4 alkyl, cyclopentenyl, halo -CC 6 alkyl; or R 1 and R 2 together are a radical - (CH 2 ) 5 -, - (CH 2 ) 2 -0- (CH 2 ) 2 - or
• C 1 -C 4 -alkyl groups examples are: methyl, ethyl, isopropyl.
• the 2-chloroethyl group is preferred as the halogen-Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl group.
• R 1 and R 2 preferably together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a morpholino or piperidino group.
• X represents, for example, a halide such as chloride, bromide; Sulfate; -CC alkyl sulfate such as methyl sulfate; C ⁇ -C alkyl sulfonate such as methyl sulfonate; or another agricultural anionic group.
• divalent anionic groups are also suitable, which are used in the corresponding stoichiometric amounts for the ammonium cation.
• Preferred active compounds of the formula I are N, N, N-trimethyl-N-ß-chloroethyl-ammonium chloride (CCC, chlorcholine chloride, chloro-mequat), N, N-dimethylmorpholinium chloride (DMC) and N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride ( DPC, MQC, mepiquat chloride).
• the additives selected according to the invention are water-soluble additives which have a stabilizing and / or activity-increasing influence on the active compounds of the formula I.
• alkylglucosides see the group defined at point b1
• alkylsulfonates or alkylarylsulfonates see the group defined at point b2
• / or selected quaternary ammonium salts are used in this regard b3) defined group
• Alkyl glucosides (often also referred to in the literature as alkyl polyglucosides) is a collective name for the complex reaction products accessible by acid-catalyzed reaction of glucose or starch and alcohol (so-called Fischer reaction), the composition of which is primarily due to the conversion ratio of glucose to alcohol is determined.
• a main component of the alkyl glucoside is the alkyl monoglucoside, a mixture of alkyl- ⁇ -D- and alkyl-ß-D-glucopyranoside and small amounts of the corresponding glucofuransoside.
• alkyl diglucosides isomaltosides, maltosides, etc.
• alkyl oligoglucosides maltotriosides, maltotetraosides, etc.
• oligomeric or polymeric glucose are also present in different amounts.
• the alkyl glucosides can be monoglucosides or polyglucosides or mis- be of it.
• the glucose unit can be characterized by the formula ROS, where S represents a saccharide group and R is a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, branched or non-branched alkyl group with 4 to 24 carbon atoms.
• the longer-chain alkyl glucosides are also referred to in the literature as fatty alkyl glucosides (derived from the corresponding fatty alcohols).
• the saccharide units are derived from the following sugar units: fructose, glucose, mannose, galactose, telose, gulose, allose, old rose, idose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose and / or ribose, and mixtures thereof.
• Group S is usually derived from glucose units, so that the products are therefore referred to as glucosides.
• the degree of polymerization of the alkyl glucosides is generally 1.1-8, preferably 1.3-2.
• alkyl glucosides are generally obtained as approx. 50-70% aqueous concentrates. Depending on the manufacturing process, they contain small amounts of butyl glucoside, unreacted alcohols or fatty alcohols, carbohydrates or oligo carbohydrates.
• a number of alkyl glucosides are commercially available (for example under the brand names APG 225, APG 300, Triton® BG, Luten ⁇ ol® GD 70 (N-decyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside, BASF AG), AG 6202 (a 2-ethyl-hexylglucoside, Akzo) Further alkyl glucosides are classified, for example, under CAS Reg. No. 29781-81-5; 29781-80-4; 59947-99-8; 54549-23-4 of alkyl glucosides are described in WO 94/21665; EP 0 635 022 and EP 0 616 611.
• preferred auxiliaries from the group of the alkyl glucosides are, for example, the following: AG 6202 (2-ethylhexyl glucoside); Lutensol®, in particular Lutensol® GD 65 or Lutensol® GD 70 (a fatty alcohol glucose acid); Simu ⁇ ol®, in particular Simusol® SL 8 (an alkyl glucoside, CAS No. 68515-73-1) or Simusol® SL 62 (an alkyl glucoside).
• Alkyl sulfonates and alkyl aryl sulfonates for the purposes of the present invention are compounds of the formula II
• R 3 represents an aliphatic group with 6-24 carbon atoms, which can be straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, or a C 6 ⁇ Ci 6 -alkyl-phenoxy-polyethoxy group with up to 50 means oligo or polyethoxy units.
• Compounds of the formula II for the purposes of the present invention are, for example, alkyl sulfonates, fatty alkyl sulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, fatty alkylarylsulfonates or alkylphenol polyoxy ether sulfates.
• M stands for a mono- or divalent cationic group, for example ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium or calcium.
• Preferred excipients from the group of alkyl sulfonates, and Al kylarylsulfonate (group b2)) ⁇ ind the purposes of the present invention for example the following: Rewoquat®, particularly Rewoquat® CPEM (Cocospentaethoxymethyl methosulfate) or Rewoquat ® RTM 50 (Ricinolklare- propylamido trimethyl ammonium methosulfate); Protecol ® , in particular Protecol® KLC 50 (dimethyl-n-alkylbenzyl-ammonium chloride).
• Rewoquat® particularly Rewoquat® CPEM (Cocospentaethoxymethyl methosulfate) or Rewoquat ® RTM 50 (Ricinolklare- propylamido trimethyl ammonium methosulfate
• Protecol ® in particular Protecol® KLC 50 (dimethyl
• Quaternary ammonium salts in the context of the present invention are compounds of the formula III
• R 4 C 6 -C 24 alkyl
• R 5 hydrogen, C 1 -C 2 alkyl-, benzyl, C 1 -C 2 -alkyl-benzyl or hydroxy-polyethoxy-ethyl
• R 6 has the same meaning as R 5 , where R 5 and R 6 can be the same or different, A -C-C 6 alkylene or Ci-C ⁇ -alkylene aminocarbonyl
• X is an anionic group, for example chloride, sulfate, methosulfate, C 2 -Ci 6 alkyl sulfonate, C -C 6 alkyl sulfate, phenyl sulfonate, naphthyl sulfonate , C ⁇ -C 2 4-alkyl-phenyl sulfonate, -C-C 4 alkyl naphthyl sulfonate.
• fatty alkyl groups from 8 carbon atoms are also referred to in the literature as fatty alkyl groups.
• hydroxy-polyethoxy-ethyl groups preferably represent such groups with a chain length of 0-10 units.
• an alkylene group is preferably a methylene, ethylene or propylene group.
• preferred auxiliaries from the group of the quaternary ammonium salts are, for example, the following: Wettol®, in particular Wettol® EM 1 (dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid calcium salt) or Wettol® EM 11 (calcium alkylene sulfonate) ; Emulphor®, in particular Emulphor® OPS 25 (octylphenol (EO) 5 sulfate, Na salt); Lutensit® in particular Lutensit® AE S (isononylphenol tetraethoxysulfate, Na salt) or Lutensit® A- PS (alkyl sulfonate, sodium salt); ALBN 50 (dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium salt).
• Wettol® in particular Wettol® EM 1 (dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid calcium salt) or Wettol® EM 11 (calcium alkylene sulfonate)
• compositions according to the invention may also contain one or more of the following additives a) - d):
• inorganic ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate or other minerals or trace elements which can be used by plants.
• C 3 -C 2 alkylcarboxylic acids straight-chain or branched C 3 -C 2 alkylcarboxylic acids, C 3 -C 2 di- or tricarboxylic acids, such as propionic acid, pelargonic acid or 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and their agriculturally useful alkali or alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts, such as potassium or calcium salts.
• compositions according to the invention contain a maximum of up to 70% water, preferably up to 50% or up to 30% water, based on the total weight of the liquid formulation.
• the percentage water content is preferably 20-40%, based on the total weight of the formulation.
• Suitable surfactants in the sense of the additives mentioned under point a) above are customary surface-active substances which can be used in agriculture.
• the following may be mentioned by way of example: alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium salts of aromatic sulfonic acids, for example lignin, phenol, naphthalene and di-butylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, and of fatty acids, alkyl and alkylarylsulfonates, alkyl, lauryl ether and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts sulfated hexa-, hepta- and octadecanols and fatty alcohol glycol ether, condensation products of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensation products of naphthalene or naphthalenesulfonic acid with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, eth
• the finished formulations according to the invention are obtained by mixing the solid active ingredients or their aqueous high concentrates with the excipients.
• aqueous active ingredient solutions are preferably introduced in a concentration of 50-80% and the auxiliaries are incorporated with stirring.
• the concentration of the active ingredients in the high concentrates is about at least 100 g / 1, preferably at least 200 g / 1, up to a maximum of about 700 g / 1, preferably in the range between 200-600 g / 1.
• Active substance concentrates in the sense of the present invention are aqueous solutions of active substances and the additives according to the invention, the total concentration of active substances being at least 20% (weight percent per unit volume, e.g. 200 g / 1), in particular at least 30% (300 g / 1).
• the total concentration of active ingredients is a maximum of up to 70% (700 g / 1), preferably up to 60% (600 g / 1).
• the concentrates contain at least one active ingredient of formula I.
• the active ingredient solution can also contain other active ingredients for the treatment of plants, such as e.g. growth regulating agents, fertilizers, herbicides or fungicides.
• the content of compounds of the formula I in mixtures is at least 5%, preferably at least 10% or 20%.
• Other active ingredients such as e.g. Herbicides, fungicides or growth-regulating active ingredients are used.
• Etephon (2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid) is preferred as another active ingredient.
• the concentration of this active ingredient is, for example, 50-400 g / l (5-40%) in the finished formulation, i.e. in the aqueous concentrate.
• Preferred active compounds of the formula I are N, N, N-trimethyl-N- ⁇ -chloro-ammonium chloride (CCC) or N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride.
• CCC is used, for example, in the form of a high concentrate of 750 g / l to produce the compositions according to the invention.
• the active compound concentrates according to the invention are prepared by dilution with the aqueous solutions of the additives from groups b1), b2) or b3).
• CCC for example, 8 parts by volume of the high concentrate (750 g / 1) are mixed with 2 parts by volume of the aqueous solution of the selected additive, so that an active ingredient concentration of CCC in the active ingredient concentrate according to the invention of 600 g / 1 (60%) results.
• the aqueous solutions of the selected additives will used in the form of merchandise (see manufacturer information in Table 1.2).
• the agents according to the invention can preferably be supplied by spraying over the sheet. Due to the high plant tolerance, the application rate can be varied widely.
• a 01 and A 03 Products from ICI Surfactants or Uniqema
• a 06 product from Seppic (Paris)
• a 07 product from Hoechst-Clariant
• a 20 - A 24 quaternary ammonium salts, products from Witco.
• Tween ® brand of ICI America, Inc. for the polyoxyethylene derivatives of sorbitan esters with the same code number; International free name: Polysorbate (formerly: Sorbimacrogol).
• Individual Tweenll ® brands are: Polyethoxysorbitan laurate (Tween ® 20, Tween ® 21), palmitate (Tween ® 40), stearate (Tween ® 60, Tween ® 61), etc.
• Most Tween ® - Types are oily liquids (exception: Tween ® 60, 61, 65) with excellent physiological and toxicological properties, which are soluble or dispersible in water due to their high hydrophilicity (HLB 10-16.7).
• Citowett ® wetting and adhesive agent based on alkylaryl polyglycol ether. Source: BASF Aktiengesellschaft.
• Pluronic ® BASF brand for liquid or solid non-ionic polyalkylene glycols based on block polymers of ethylene and propylene oxide. Lit .: Janistyn 1, 725-729.
• Emulan ® Range of non-ionic emulsifiers for the chemical-technical industry based on fatty alcohols, alkylphenol or fatty acids and their derivatives for emulsifying solvents, waxes, fats and fatty oils, paraffin and mineral oils, for stabilizing emulsions and dispersions and as protection against rust.
• Source of supply BASF.
• Lutensit ® assortment of anionic surfactants or mixtures of anionic with nonionic surfactants for the detergents and cleaning agents and the chemical-technical industry.
• the anionides are alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylphenol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol ether phosphates, alkyl sulfonates or sulfated fatty acid condensation products.
• Source BASF.
• Lutensol Non-ionic surfactants for the detergent and cleaning agent and chemical-technical industries based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols, alkylphenols or fatty amines as well as alkyl glucosides ( ⁇ .a. individual keywords).
• Source BASF.
• Plurafac ® LF brand of BASF. Fatty alcohol alkoxylates; non-ionic, low-foaming and foam-suppressing surfactants for washing and. Cleaning supplies.
• Source BASF.
• B 01 - B 04 additives from the group of alkyl glucosides
• B 01 product from Akzo.
• the commercial goods contain the additive 2-ethyl-hexyl-glucoside in a concentration of approx. 65% in water.
• B 02, B 07, B 08 product from BASF AG.
• B 02 The merchandise contains the additive in a concentration of approx. 65% in water.
• B 03 and B 04 products from Seppic (Paris) b)
• B 05 - B 07 additives from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds
• B 05 CAS no. 68 989-03-7
• B 06 CAS no. 85 508-38-9
• B 08 - B 13 additives from the group of sulfates and sulfonates
• Simulsol® alkyl polyglycol ethers, alkyl polyglycol esters and alkanolamide-ethylene oxide adducts of partially unsaturated fatty alcohols, oleic and fatty acids based on renewable natural fat raw materials.
• Use surfactants for the production of washing and. Detergents or as raw materials for the formulation of emulsifier systems. Source of supply: Henkel, Germany.
• Wettol * emulsifiers, network and Dispersing agent for the formulation of emulsifiable concentrate rates or wettable powders as plant protection products.
• Source BASF.
• Emulphor assortment of anionic emulsifiers for the chemical-technical industry based on alkylbenzenesulfonates or ether sulfates.
• Source BASF.
• Example 2 comparative examples
• EM 31 is a castor oil x EO u. Product from BASF AG;
• test plants were grown on a culture substrate adequately supplied with nutrients in plastic containers (approx. 12.5 cm in diameter; volume approx. 500 ml).
• plastic containers approximately 12.5 cm in diameter; volume approx. 500 ml.
• the color intensity of the leaves increased at the same time as the reduction in length growth.
• the increased chlorophyll content also suggests an increased photosynthesis rate and thus an increased yield formation.
• Example 6 biological tests were carried out to investigate the growth-regulating properties of the compositions according to the invention using additives containing alkyl glucoside (formulations from Examples 3.1 and 3.4).
• the individual data can be found in the following tables, the concentration being given in mg of active substance per vessel (WS / Gef.).
• Active substance A CCC
• Active substance B ethephon

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