WO1999050640A1 - Procede d'essai de durete d'une micro-region - Google Patents
Procede d'essai de durete d'une micro-region Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999050640A1 WO1999050640A1 PCT/JP1999/001565 JP9901565W WO9950640A1 WO 1999050640 A1 WO1999050640 A1 WO 1999050640A1 JP 9901565 W JP9901565 W JP 9901565W WO 9950640 A1 WO9950640 A1 WO 9950640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hardness
- indentation
- indenter
- force
- relationship
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/48—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under impulsive load by indentors, e.g. falling ball
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
- G01N2203/0078—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing using indentation
- G01N2203/0082—Indentation characteristics measured during load
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0286—Miniature specimen; Testing on microregions of a specimen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/84—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
- Y10S977/849—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe
- Y10S977/852—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe for detection of specific nanostructure sample or nanostructure-related property
Definitions
- the invention of the present application relates to a method for testing hardness in a minute area. More specifically, it accurately evaluates the hardness in minute areas, such as the nanometer area, which cannot be measured by a macro hardness test such as Pitzka hardness. It describes a new method of hardness testing that can be performed. Background art
- the hardness is determined according to the definition that the indentation force is divided by the contact area. Yes. Since the effect of size has little effect on the hardness of the mouth, the indentation force used is usually selected appropriately.
- the invention of this application overcomes the above-mentioned limitations of the prior art, pushes the indenter into the sample, and relates the relationship between the pressing force and the pressing depth at that time.
- the hardness was observed in the ultra-micro hardness test with such indentation depth and indentation depth force ⁇ 1 micron or less.
- the microhardness of the micro-hardness test is changed to the macro-hardness of the Vickers hardness test. It is possible to utilize the knowledge of the conventional macro hardness effectively and treat it to evaluate the hardness of the nanometer region accurately. The challenge is to provide a new method.
- the invention of this application is based on the object of solving the above-mentioned problem, and describes the relationship between the indentation depth and the indentation force observed by indentation of an indenter having an arbitrary shape.
- This is a test method to determine the hardness of the micro area where the indenter is pushed from the indentation curve shown in the following. ⁇ 1> Macro hardness for multiple types of standard samples.
- the relationship between the indentation depth and the indentation force observed by indentation of an indenter of any shape was measured,
- the invention of the present application provides a standard sample having the same mechanical characteristics in the micrometer region and the nanometer region by the above method. It also provides a method for testing the hardness of multiple micro areas.
- Figure 1 shows the indentation curve (60 ° indenter) of each metal single crystal electropolished surface.
- FIG. 2 shows the indentation curve (115 ° indenter) of each metal single crystal electropolished surface.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship (60 ° indenter) between the pressing force and the Vickers hardness.
- - Figure 4 shows the relationship between the pushing force and the pitch hardness (115 ° indenter).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship (60 ° indenter) between the standardized pressing force and the pressing depth.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the standardized pressing force and the pressing depth (115 ° indenter).
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an indentation curve (0.60 ° indenter) of a polished surface.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the hardness of the nickel and the indentation depth.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the hardness of the tungsten and the indentation depth.
- Figure 10 is a diagram showing the indentation curve (60 ° indenter) of ferritic steel.
- Figure 11 is a diagram showing the hardness of ferritic steel.
- Figure 12 is an AFM image obtained after performing the indentation test on the inclusion.
- Fig. 13 is a diagram of the indentation indentation curve (60 ° indenter).
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the hardness of the inclusions.
- Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a hardness test of a multi-phase sample and a single-phase sample.
- Figure 16 is a comparison diagram of the hardness according to the Pitka hardness test and the hardness according to the ultra-micro hardness test.
- BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION-The invention of this application has the features as described above, and the embodiments will be described below. .
- the indenter can be pushed in by using a cantilevered lever, a double-sided lever, and various other methods and devices. It's fine.
- a press-in curve showing the relationship between the press-in depth and the press-in force observed by the press-in of an indenter of an arbitrary shape.
- the standard sample may be any combination of a plurality of types such as iron, nickel, and molybdenum.
- each of these standard samples shall have the same mechanical properties in the micrometric and nanometric regions. Is appropriate.
- a single-tissue material or a multi-phase fine-tissue material is selected as the standard sample. It is not preferred that these materials have layers with different mechanical properties, such as a surface-treated layer.
- tungsten, molybdenum, nickel and iron single crystal In order to remove the processed layer on the surface, the sample surface was electropolished.Each sample was tested for micro-hardness by pressing the indenter and pressing the micro-hole. Was performed. The microhardness test data was obtained by a microhardness test method based on an atomic force microscope (AFM). The indenter has a product angle of 60 ° and "! Two types of diamond triangular pyramidal indenters of 5 ° were used.
- Figures 1 and 2 show the relationship between the indentation depth (nm) of the 60 ° indenter and the 115 ° indenter and the indentation force: F ( ⁇ N), respectively. This is the indentation curve shown for the standard sample.
- the indentation force F (required to give a specific indentation depth h (nm) is given.
- h nm
- the results shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are obtained.
- the penetration force: F and the Vickers hardness: HV is a logarithmic graph, which is a straight line with an equal slope. This can be expressed as follows.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show the relationship between FZHV Cz ") and the indentation depth: h.
- HV [F / (4.6248X10- 4 (h +40.468) 2 ⁇ ] and 023 (at 7 ?? 115 c indenter their this, as the last scan STEP, in the invention of this,
- hardness is required to evaluate the effect of the surface layer as described below.
- Hum is the indentation depth force ⁇ small ⁇ The smaller the hardness effect, the larger the hardness value, whereas the equation (6) There is no effect of the size effect on the hardness calculated by the reference function.
- the hardness of the puff polished surface is larger than that of the electrolytic polished surface, and is considered to be due to the influence of the processed layer on the surface. From this, it can be said that a puff polished surface having uneven mechanical properties in the depth direction is not suitable as a standard sample.
- Figure 10 shows the indentation curve of ferrite steel obtained using the same 60 ° indenter.
- FIG. 11 shows the hardness: HV calculated from FIG. 10 using the reference function of equation (6).
- the hardness in the area where the dimensional effect is not affected is about 11 ° to 120 °.
- the hardness showed a value close to 111 by the Vickers test, and it became clear that the method of the present invention was practically useful. In this case, the hardnesses of the two coincide with each other.
- the reason is that the ferrite copper has a large crystal grain size of about 5 ⁇ m, and the crystal grain boundary is large. Have little effect on the hardness of the mouth. Naturally, microhardness is measured within grains, so there is no influence of grain boundaries.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a case where a multi-phase material is subjected to a mouth hardness test and a case where an ultra-micro hardness test is performed. Multiphase materials are strengthened by grain boundaries and precipitates, but if their dispersion distance is more than a few microns, their effect is macroscopic. Appears in the test, but does not appear in the microhardness test. For this reason, it is not suitable as a standard sample.
- a single-tissue material is considered to have the same properties irrespective of the size of the area to be tested, so it is suitable as a standard sample.
- the mechanical properties will be slightly higher in the mac-hardness test. It is considered to be the same in the ultra-microhardness test and therefore, it is suitable as a standard sample.
- FIG. 16 shows the hardness obtained by the Vickers test and the hardness obtained by substituting the reference function of the formula (6) of the present invention with the indentation force 445. This is the relationship between the hardness and the hardness.
- the hardness of a micro area is accurately evaluated.
- observation instruments such as ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and analytical instruments such as AES and AP are used, so the miniaturization of this invention Hardness testing, as a means of assessing mechanical properties, complements the equipment described above and can contribute to material development.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99910733A EP1065494B1 (en) | 1998-03-26 | 1999-03-26 | Method of testing hardness of micro region |
US09/647,099 US6457349B1 (en) | 1998-03-26 | 1999-03-26 | Method of testing hardness of micro region |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10/78169 | 1998-03-26 | ||
JP10078169A JP2879679B1 (ja) | 1998-03-26 | 1998-03-26 | 微小領域の硬さ試験方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999050640A1 true WO1999050640A1 (fr) | 1999-10-07 |
Family
ID=13654447
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1999/001565 WO1999050640A1 (fr) | 1998-03-26 | 1999-03-26 | Procede d'essai de durete d'une micro-region |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6457349B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1065494B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2879679B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999050640A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1756835B1 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2012-08-29 | Veeco Instruments Inc. | Method and apparatus for obtaining quantitative measurements using a probe based instrument |
ITTO20040535A1 (it) * | 2004-07-30 | 2004-10-30 | Univ Pisa | Dispositivo per la rivelazione di caratteristiche meccaniche di materiali, in particolare materiali metallici |
KR100702422B1 (ko) | 2005-05-24 | 2007-04-03 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | 전기아연도금강판의 코팅층에 대한 기계적 특성 평가 방법 |
JP4863473B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-31 | 2012-01-25 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | 押し込み曲線の作成方法および硬さ試験方法 |
US7451636B2 (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2008-11-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Nanoindentation surface analysis tool and method |
JP4858773B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2012-01-18 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | ナノインデンテーション試験の検証方法 |
JP5013986B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-22 | 2012-08-29 | 花王株式会社 | ガラス基板の製造方法 |
JP4971923B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-25 | 2012-07-11 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | 押込み試験機及び押込み試験方法 |
JP5207075B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-29 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社Ihi | 圧子押込み試験による弾塑性材料の材料物性特定方法 |
JP5977556B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-27 | 2016-08-24 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | 硬さ試験機 |
US20130319090A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Apple Inc. | Testing of surface crystalline content in bulk amorphous alloy |
US9063048B2 (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2015-06-23 | Mitutoyo Corporation | Hardness tester and program |
KR101706819B1 (ko) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-02-16 | 한국표준과학연구원 | 나노경도 기준시편을 이용한 나노압입시스템 분석방법, 이를 이용한 나노압입시스템 교정방법, 나노압입시스템 및 기록매체 |
JP2017090071A (ja) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-05-25 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | 硬さ試験機及び硬さ試験方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH05281119A (ja) * | 1992-04-01 | 1993-10-29 | Sharp Corp | 材料表面の硬度評価方法 |
JPH08159941A (ja) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-21 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | 微小表面硬度測定装置 |
Family Cites Families (9)
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US4059990A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1977-11-29 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Materials hardness testing device |
US4036048A (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1977-07-19 | Webster Robert A | Hardness testing device |
AT359315B (de) * | 1979-01-18 | 1980-11-10 | Hubert Dipl Ing Aschinger | Mikrohaertepruefer |
SU836567A1 (ru) * | 1979-12-28 | 1981-06-07 | Специальное Конструкторское Бюроприборостроения И Экспериментальногопроизводства Института Металлургииим. A.A.Байкова Ah Cccp | Прибор дл исследовани микромехани-чЕСКиХ СВОйСТВ МАТЕРиАлОВ |
US5804707A (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1998-09-08 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Dynamic hardness testing using measurement of the scarton dynamic hardness (SDH) |
US5355721A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-10-18 | Las Navas Garcia Jose M | Method and apparatus for measuring depth and hardness |
US5357786A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1994-10-25 | Valence Technology, Inc. | Device for determining mechanical properties of materials |
DE19609881C1 (de) * | 1996-03-13 | 1997-05-28 | Tuev Bayern Sachsen E V Inst F | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erkennen des Materials eines Probekörpers |
US6155104A (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2000-12-05 | Subra Suresh | Method and apparatus for determining preexisting stresses based on indentation or other mechanical probing of a material |
-
1998
- 1998-03-26 JP JP10078169A patent/JP2879679B1/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-03-26 WO PCT/JP1999/001565 patent/WO1999050640A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1999-03-26 US US09/647,099 patent/US6457349B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-26 EP EP99910733A patent/EP1065494B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05281119A (ja) * | 1992-04-01 | 1993-10-29 | Sharp Corp | 材料表面の硬度評価方法 |
JPH08159941A (ja) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-21 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | 微小表面硬度測定装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1065494A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1065494A1 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
JPH11271202A (ja) | 1999-10-05 |
US6457349B1 (en) | 2002-10-01 |
JP2879679B1 (ja) | 1999-04-05 |
EP1065494B1 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
EP1065494A4 (en) | 2002-02-13 |
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