WO1999040267A1 - Piece de construction modulaire - Google Patents
Piece de construction modulaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999040267A1 WO1999040267A1 PCT/GB1999/000393 GB9900393W WO9940267A1 WO 1999040267 A1 WO1999040267 A1 WO 1999040267A1 GB 9900393 W GB9900393 W GB 9900393W WO 9940267 A1 WO9940267 A1 WO 9940267A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- runners
- building unit
- module
- unit module
- frame members
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
- E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
Definitions
- This invention relates to building construction and in particular to modular units for use in construction of buildings such as hotels, motels and hospitals.
- Traditional building materials include bricks, concrete and cement.
- Timber is of course another traditional building material and buildings have been constructed using a timber frame work erected from panels formed by interconnected struts and cross-members .
- Steel is another known building material which has been used to provide a framework for building units.
- Such units comprise rectangular parallelepiped steel frames formed from heavy duty structural members which support the floor and roof joists and wall studs.
- Lightweight steel framing systems have a number of advantages. The first of these is the use of steel as a construction material. Steel, while having a relatively high embodied energy content, is nevertheless a realistic incombustible structural alternative to wood. The use of steel also responds to the call by environmental organisations to minimise the use of wood in construction. Steel is 100% recyclable and has no material downgrading when recycled. There is little waste in its production and fabrication.
- a further advantage of lightweight steel framing systems is that construction time can be reduced in comparison for example to constructions of brick and mortar.
- on-site erection and interconnection of the panels is required and finishing of the building units including fitting of floor, roof and wall sheeting as well as decoration can only be done on site.
- a building unit module in accordance with the invention comprises a lattice framework formed of a plurality of parallel spaced rectangular frame members and 3 multiple parallel runners each extending transversely and connected to at least two adjacent frame members, and, sheeting attached to the runners to form an enclosure defined exteriorly by the lattice framework.
- the module is three-dimensional whereas the units of known lightweight steel framing systems are two- dimensional. This has a number of advantages. Firstly the amount of construction work on site is reduced as the need for erection and connection of individual panels of known lightweight steel framing systems is done away with. Furthermore the module can be fitted out off site which allows production line techniques for fit-out and reduces the amount of materials and manpower required on site.
- the dimensions of the module can be simply varied by varying the number and/or dimensions of the frame members . This means that the module is very versatile and usable in a large number of different types of building.
- the frame members are spaced along the length of the module and the runners extend along that length.
- the frame members each comprise four interconnected frame sections. It is 4 particularly preferred that the frame sections are joists of C-shaped cross-section and the runners are furring runners of "top hat" section.
- the frame members are formed first and the runners then connected thereto to provide the lattice framework.
- spaced frame sections are interconnected by runners to form two panels and the ends of each frame section in one panel are connected to the ends of a frame section in the other panel by a pair of frame sections running transversely to the planes of the panels to provide the lattice framework.
- the lattice framework may include a corner member connected between each of the adjacent corners of at least two adjacent frame members. Preferably however each corner member extends across and is connected to all the frame members at corresponding corners thereof .
- the corner members may be angle members of structural steel and may be provided internally and externally of the framework.
- the ends of the modules may be provided with plural parallel cross runners extending widthwise and connected to the end most frame members .
- the ends of the module can therefore be closed off by securing sheeting to the cross runners .
- the cross runners may mount at least one window frame at one end of the module and a door at the other end of the module.
- window frames 5 may be mounted in the main runners as too may be door frames .
- the cross runners may be provided in the form of two prefabricated panels which are then connected to the endmost frame members. Each panel is fitted with a door or window sub assembly as required.
- the lattice framework is formed of light gauge steel structural sections.
- the advantages of steel as a construction material are employed in the module but the module is still relatively light .
- the use of lightweight steel allows the module to be transported via trailer to the proposed building site and manoeuvred into position simply and safely.
- Plural modules may be used to form a building in which the modules are stacked one atop the other and/or positioned side by side and interconnected by connecting the lattice framework of each module to the lattice framework (s) of the or each adjacent module (s) .
- the invention also provides a method of constructing a building unit module comprising forming plural rectangular frame members, positioning the frame members vertically in an aligned row with a first predetermined spacing between each adjacent pair of frame members, connecting multiple horizontal runners to the frame members with the horizontal runners parallel to each other and with a second predetermined spacing between each adjacent pair of runners to form a lattice framework, and, securing sheeting to the lattice framework via the runners 6 to form an enclosure.
- the method which provides a module of the first embodiment, preferably includes securing horizontal angle members to the four internal and four external corners of the lattice framework and carrying out the frame member formation step by interconnecting four structural sections .
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a building unit module in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 2 is a side view of the module of Figure 1;
- Figures 3A and 3B are perspective views illustrating alternative constructions of frame members forming part of the building unit module of Figure 1 ;
- Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a method of construction of the building unit module of Figure 1, and,
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of three modules as shown in Figure 1 connected together in use .
- the module shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a series of rectangular frame members 4 which are termed hereinafter "ribs" .
- the ribs 4 are made from standard structural steel sections, preferably stud joist sections, welded together.
- the length of the four stud joist sections forming each rib 4 determines the cross-sectional dimensions of the module 2.
- the length of the module 2 is 7 determined by the number of ribs 4 used.
- the ribs 4 are positioned vertically at a first predetermined spacing in two spaced jigs. Preferably one jig is fixed whilst the other is movable to accommodate ribs 4 of different width.
- the ribs 4 are connected by a series of horizontally positioned runners 6 which run the full length of the module 2.
- the runners 6 are spaced at a second predetermined spacing and welded to the ribs 4 to create a lattice beam structure.
- the ribs 4 are preferably constructed by welding four lightweight stud joist sections 5 together with two side frame sections 5a and a top and bottom frame section 5b.
- the stud joist sections employed may be of C-shaped cross- section with return flanges to give an overall open mouth box configuration. Other common sections can be used but preferred are the stud joist sections produced by the Applicants and described in their brochure Ayrshire Steel Framing.
- the preferred stud joist sections have cross- sectional dimensions ranging from 40 mm x 70 mm to 40 mm x 340 mm.
- the runners 6 are also preferably lightweight steel structural sections and most suitably top hat sections .
- the stud joist sections 5 are arranged as illustrated in Figure 3A, with the side frame sections 5a oriented with their mouths outward.
- the top and bottom frame sections 5b are butt welded to the webs of the side frame sections 5a.
- the 8 arms of the top hat section runners 6 are also welded to the webs of the side frame sections 5a.
- the stud joist sections 5 shown in Figure 3A have the advantage that they are asymmetrical with unequal return flange sizes and so may be nested together to form a closed box for use at concentrated load points.
- the orientation of the side frame sections 5a is reversed so that the mouths are inward.
- the side frame sections 5a are made symmetrical with identical return flanges sized to receive a top or bottom frame section 5b therebetween with the top or bottom frame sections 5b then being welded to the inner side of the web of the side frame sections 5a.
- the arms of top hat section runners 6 are folded to the return flanges of the side frame sections 5a.
- the module 2 includes four steel angles 10 which run the full length of the module assembly and are welded to the four internal corners as well as a further four steel angles 12 which again run the full length of the module 2 but are welded to the four external corners .
- FIG. 4 An alternative method for constructing the module 2 is illustrated in Figure 4. Instead of forming the ribs 4 first and then connecting these with the runners 6, side 9 panels 14 are built from the side frame sections 5a and the runners 6. The module 2 is then constructed by welding the top and bottom frame sections 5b between the panels 14 to form, with the side frame sections 5a, the ribs 4. This method is particularly suitable for shipment overseas, since the panels 14 and top and bottom frame sections 5b can be shipped and then the module 2 built in the country where it is to be used.
- the module 2 is completed by closing off the ends with struts 16 and cross runners 18 which may suitably be provided as prefabricated end panels 20 and securing roof and floor decking 20, 22 to, respectively, the top and bottom frame sections 5b.
- the walls are then skinned inside and out.
- the roof and floor decking 20, 22 are preferably secured by self-drilling, self-tapping screws as too may be the wall skins.
- FIG. 5 illustrates three modules 2 with those on the left in the sense of the Figure fitted with roof and floor decking 20, 22. As Figure 5 illustrates the modules 2 can be stacked one on top of each other and/or side by side to form a building.
- the prefabricated panels 20 which close the ends of the modules generally act as window and corridor walls in a structure formed from multiple modules. Therefore one is provided with a door frame 24 and the other with one or more window frames 26. As illustrated in Figure 5, one or both sides of the modules 2 may be provided with a door 10 frame 24, either to provide communication to an adjacent module or, in the case of an end module, to provide external access such as to a fire escape.
- the door frames 24 are preferably provided as prefabricated sub assemblies.
- the window frames 26 are formed as part of the construction of the end panels 20.
- the basic form of a module 2 can be modified in a number of ways.
- Internal partitions can be used to separate off an area to form, for example, a bathroom.
- Partitions may be formed from light gauge steel studs with single layers of plaster board having sound deadening quilt therebetween.
- Another possible variation is to provide a "cut-out" from the overall rectangular shape of the module 2 which will act as a service duct.
- a cut-out is illustrated in the left-hand most corner of the module 2 of Figure 1.
- Short lateral bracing runners 28 may be provided in the roof and floor of a module 2 to stop twisting of the top and bottom frame sections 5b.
- the module by virtue of its formation from lightweight structural steel sections, can be lifted and transported to a building site by trailer.
- the upper external angle members 12 have lifting plates 30 welded thereto.
- the first predetermined spacing, between the ribs 4, is suitably 400 mm but may be between 100 mm and 600 mm. In practice the spacing may be set by the dimensions of the floor decking, the distance between the ribs 4 being 11 adjusted according to decking side to produce a floor of desired stiffness.
- the second predetermined spacing, between the runners 6, is preferably 500 mm but may be between 300 and 600.
- the spacing may be determined by the dimensions of the sheeting panels used on the walls of the module 2, in this case to give a desired wall stiffness. Standard panel sizes are 600 x 2400 mm.
- the module 2 may have overall dimensions of 3m by 4m by 8m to allow two modules 2 to be transported on a standard trailer. However as will be appreciated the dimensions can be varied simply by varying the size and number of the ribs 4.
- CBPB Cement Bonded Particle Board
- Plywood Plywood
- CBPB and GRC as the sheeting.
- Currently preferred for the floor decking is tongue and groove, cement bonded particle board and bituminous-coated oriented strand board for the roof decking which is taped and sealed to render it waterproof.
- the external skins may be bitumen impregnated fibreboard, whilst the internal skin may be double layers of Plasterboard which may also be used to provide a sealing. Soundproofing materials such as sound deadening quilt is provided between the external and internal skins .
- modules 2 are positioned on to steel 12 foundations 32 as illustrated by Figure 5. They are joined one to another either with plates at the conjunction of four modules 2 and/or by connection with corridor floor frame assemblies.
- the modules 2 may be physically connected to the foundations but this is not always necessary.
- the welding of the components of the module 2 may be mineral, inert gas (MIG) welding although other known types of welding can be used.
- MIG inert gas
- the modules 2 can be fitted out prior to delivery to site.
- a particular advantage of the module 2 is that the walls, floor and ceiling are particularly flat which is important when furniture is to be fitted.
- the modules 2 are suitable for use in construction of any building which has a cellular or repetitive type layout with vertical alignment of load bearing walls .
- the modules 2 enable very rapid construction, typically 35% faster than masonry construction.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69903131T DE69903131T2 (de) | 1998-02-09 | 1999-02-08 | Modulares bauelement |
AT99904984T ATE224985T1 (de) | 1998-02-09 | 1999-02-08 | Modulares bauelement |
EP99904984A EP1055036B1 (fr) | 1998-02-09 | 1999-02-08 | Piece de construction modulaire |
AU25298/99A AU2529899A (en) | 1998-02-09 | 1999-02-08 | Modular building unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9802753.5 | 1998-02-09 | ||
GB9802753A GB2334045B (en) | 1998-02-09 | 1998-02-09 | Modular building unit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999040267A1 true WO1999040267A1 (fr) | 1999-08-12 |
Family
ID=10826717
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1999/000393 WO1999040267A1 (fr) | 1998-02-09 | 1999-02-08 | Piece de construction modulaire |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1055036B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE224985T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2529899A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69903131T2 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2334045B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1999040267A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1130193A1 (fr) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-05 | Metal Plan | Construction à montage rapide |
GB0228172D0 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-01-08 | Window John | Modular building unit and method of assembly |
JP2006118338A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-05-11 | John C A Barr | リブフレーム構造体の建設方法及びそのリブフレーム構造体 |
US7849648B2 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2010-12-14 | United States Gypsum Company | Non-combustible reinforced cementitious lightweight panels and metal frame system for flooring |
US7849650B2 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2010-12-14 | United States Gypsum Company | Non-combustible reinforced cementitious lightweight panels and metal frame system for a fire wall and other fire resistive assemblies |
US7841148B2 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2010-11-30 | United States Gypsum Company | Non-combustible reinforced cementitious lightweight panels and metal frame system for roofing |
US7849649B2 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2010-12-14 | United States Gypsum Company | Non-combustible reinforced cementitious lightweight panels and metal frame system for shear walls |
US7845130B2 (en) | 2005-12-29 | 2010-12-07 | United States Gypsum Company | Reinforced cementitious shear panels |
US7870698B2 (en) | 2006-06-27 | 2011-01-18 | United States Gypsum Company | Non-combustible reinforced cementitious lightweight panels and metal frame system for building foundations |
FR2937658A1 (fr) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-04-30 | Calder | Systeme de construction modulaire |
DE102010044036B4 (de) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-11-29 | Erol Ludwig | Gebäude, welches oberhalb einer korrespondierend ausgeformten Bodenvertiefung angeordnet und in diese Bodenvertiefung absenkbar ist |
US20200190788A1 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2020-06-18 | Knauf Gips Kg | Frame, basic framework, module, profile and set of structural elements for modular construction and a modular-construction building |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3605350A (en) * | 1969-06-03 | 1971-09-20 | William Stewart Bowers | Modular housing structure |
US4048769A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1977-09-20 | Lely Cornelis V D | Buildings formed by one or more prefabricated building sections, and method of manufacturing prefabricated building sections |
GB2084213A (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1982-04-07 | Portakabin Ltd | Portable building unit |
DE9312108U1 (de) * | 1993-08-13 | 1993-11-11 | DSG Systembau GmbH, 56470 Bad Marienberg | Metall-Skelett für den Endausbau zu einem begehbaren Mehrzweck-Container |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4073101A (en) * | 1973-12-24 | 1978-02-14 | Noboru Yoshida | Unit and combined housing structures |
GB1470161A (en) * | 1974-02-19 | 1977-04-14 | Alam J | Building units and a method of building construction employing the same |
US4514950A (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1985-05-07 | Goodson Jr Albert A | Building framing system and method |
US5592789A (en) * | 1995-06-13 | 1997-01-14 | American Containment Systems, Inc. | Modular supporting structure |
-
1998
- 1998-02-09 GB GB9802753A patent/GB2334045B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-02-08 AU AU25298/99A patent/AU2529899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-08 EP EP99904984A patent/EP1055036B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-08 AT AT99904984T patent/ATE224985T1/de active
- 1999-02-08 DE DE69903131T patent/DE69903131T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-08 WO PCT/GB1999/000393 patent/WO1999040267A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3605350A (en) * | 1969-06-03 | 1971-09-20 | William Stewart Bowers | Modular housing structure |
US4048769A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1977-09-20 | Lely Cornelis V D | Buildings formed by one or more prefabricated building sections, and method of manufacturing prefabricated building sections |
GB2084213A (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1982-04-07 | Portakabin Ltd | Portable building unit |
DE9312108U1 (de) * | 1993-08-13 | 1993-11-11 | DSG Systembau GmbH, 56470 Bad Marienberg | Metall-Skelett für den Endausbau zu einem begehbaren Mehrzweck-Container |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69903131T2 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
GB2334045A (en) | 1999-08-11 |
DE69903131D1 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
GB9802753D0 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
GB2334045B (en) | 2000-04-26 |
ATE224985T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
AU2529899A (en) | 1999-08-23 |
EP1055036A1 (fr) | 2000-11-29 |
EP1055036B1 (fr) | 2002-09-25 |
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