WO1999028793A1 - Moyen d'indication de l'heure - Google Patents
Moyen d'indication de l'heure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999028793A1 WO1999028793A1 PCT/JP1998/005327 JP9805327W WO9928793A1 WO 1999028793 A1 WO1999028793 A1 WO 1999028793A1 JP 9805327 W JP9805327 W JP 9805327W WO 9928793 A1 WO9928793 A1 WO 9928793A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- display device
- crystal element
- electrode
- crystal display
- Prior art date
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 360
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G9/00—Visual time or date indication means
- G04G9/0082—Visual time or date indication means by building-up characters using a combination of indicating elements and by selecting desired characters out of a number of characters or by selecting indicating elements the positions of which represents the time, i.e. combinations of G04G9/02 and G04G9/08
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G9/00—Visual time or date indication means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a timepiece (clock and watch), and more particularly to a timepiece having a birefringent color liquid crystal display device.
- digital clocks equipped with a liquid crystal display device and combination watches equipped with a liquid crystal display device and hands for analog display, include TN (twisted-donematic) liquid crystal elements and STN (single-parts-donematic) liquid crystal elements.
- a reflection type liquid crystal display device for displaying in black and white by using is mainly used.
- a transflective reflector is used as the reflector of the liquid crystal display device, and a pack light device such as a light-emitting diode (LED) array and an electrification port is provided outside the transflector reflector.
- LED light-emitting diode
- a birefringent color display device that performs multicolor display by birefringence of liquid crystal by changing the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element without using a color filter is used for a watch. It is under consideration to mount it.
- the normal time or alarm time In order to change the color of the time display section for displaying a calendar or a calendar, it is necessary to change the effective value of the signal applied to the time display section.
- a liquid crystal driving IC that can control gradation is required, so the development cost is high and a long development period is required.
- the complexity of the drive circuit increases the size of the drive IC and increases current consumption. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention relates to a timepiece provided with a birefringent color liquid crystal display device for performing multi-color display, and using a normal black-and-white display liquid crystal driving IC having no gradation function, the birefringence color method.
- An object of the present invention is to drive a liquid crystal display device so that a multi-color display can be easily performed with low cost and low power consumption, and to provide a colorful and high-impact watch.
- the present invention provides a liquid crystal device having a nematic liquid crystal sealed between a transparent first substrate having a first electrode and a transparent second substrate having a second electrode.
- a liquid crystal display device comprising: a pair of polarizing plates provided on both sides of the liquid crystal element; and a reflecting plate disposed on one of the polarizing plates on the opposite side of the liquid crystal element; and the liquid crystal display device.
- a timepiece comprising a driving module to be driven and a case for accommodating the liquid crystal display device and the driving module is configured as follows.
- the display unit of the liquid crystal display device includes a time display unit for displaying in a single color and a mark display unit for displaying in a plurality of colors.
- a liquid crystal drive circuit for driving a liquid crystal display device by applying a data signal to each of the second electrodes is provided.
- the reflection plate of the liquid crystal display device is a transflective reflection plate, and the liquid crystal display device is passed between the liquid crystal display device and the drive module in the case. It is advisable to provide a backlight device for illuminating the display.
- a retardation plate or a twisted retardation plate may be provided between the liquid crystal element in the liquid crystal display device and the polarizing plate on the viewing side thereof.
- the liquid crystal element of the liquid crystal display device is an STN liquid crystal element in which a nematic liquid crystal is twisted at 180 ° to 270 °, and the birefringence ⁇ n of the liquid crystal and the gap of the liquid crystal element It is preferable that the ⁇ nd value, which is the product of d, is in the range of 1300 nm to 16000 nm.
- the liquid crystal element is an STN liquid crystal element in which nematic liquid crystal is twisted by 180 ° to 270 °, and the liquid crystal element
- the ⁇ nd value which is the product of the refractive index ⁇ n and the gap d of the liquid crystal element, is 1500 nm to 1800 nm, and the retardation value of the retardation plate is 1600 nm ⁇ m to 1900 nm. It is preferred that
- the retardation plate has a refractive index of the slow axis as nx, a refractive index perpendicular to the slow axis as ny, and a refractive index in the thickness direction as nz, the relationship of nx> nz> ny is obtained. It may be a retardation plate.
- the liquid crystal element is an STN liquid crystal element in which the nematic liquid crystal is twisted in a range of 180 ° to 270 °, and the liquid crystal element is composed of two or more liquid crystal elements.
- the value of the product of the refractive index ⁇ n and the gap d of the liquid crystal element is 1 500 ⁇ ! 1800 nm, and the ⁇ nd value of the twisted phase difference plate is 1400 ⁇ ! Preferably it is 11800 nm.
- Another timepiece includes a first liquid crystal element in which a nematic liquid crystal is sealed between a transparent first substrate having a first electrode and a transparent second substrate having a second electrode.
- a first liquid crystal display device comprising: a pair of polarizing plates provided outside the first liquid crystal element so as to sandwich the first liquid crystal element; and a reflecting plate disposed on one of the polarizing plates on a side opposite to the liquid crystal element.
- a transparent first substrate having a first electrode and a transparent second substrate having a second electrode A second liquid crystal display device including a second liquid crystal element in which a nematic liquid crystal is sealed between the second liquid crystal element and a third polarizing plate provided on the viewing side of the second liquid crystal element;
- the second liquid crystal display device is disposed on the viewing side of the first liquid crystal display device. Then, a scan signal is applied to the first electrode of the first liquid crystal element and a data signal is applied to the second electrode of the drive module, and the first electrode and the second electrode of the second liquid crystal element are applied to the drive module.
- a liquid crystal drive circuit for applying a data signal to the second electrode to drive the first and second liquid display devices is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a display unit of a liquid crystal display device used for a timepiece according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are plan views showing an arrangement relationship between a liquid crystal element and a polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 5 is a chromaticity diagram showing the display colors of the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the shape of a first electrode on a first substrate of the liquid crystal display device
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the shape of a second electrode on a second substrate.
- FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram of signals applied to the respective scan electrodes shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing signals applied to the data electrodes D1, D5, D9, and D10 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a waveform chart showing a composite waveform with a signal applied to a horizontal scanning electrode C4.
- FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram showing a signal applied to the scanning electrode and the data electrode and a composite waveform.
- FIG. 11 shows a display unit of a liquid crystal display device used in a timepiece according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are plan views showing an arrangement relationship between a liquid crystal element and a polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 15 is a chromaticity diagram showing the display colors of the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the shape of the first electrode on the first substrate of the liquid crystal display device
- FIG. 17 is a plan view showing the shape of the second electrode on the second substrate. It is.
- FIG. 18 is a waveform diagram showing signals applied to the scanning electrodes shown in FIG. 16, and FIG. 19 is a signal scanning applied to the data electrodes D1 to D5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a waveform chart showing a composite waveform with an applied signal of an electrode C5.
- FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a display unit of a liquid crystal display device used for a timepiece according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 are plan views showing an arrangement relationship between a liquid crystal element and a polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 24 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the timepiece according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a timepiece according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a timepiece according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 to 10 and 24 [First Embodiment: FIGS. 1 to 10 and 24]
- FIG. 1 to FIG. 10 and FIG. 10 A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 10 and FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a sectional view of a timepiece (watch) showing the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a display portion of a liquid crystal display device provided in the timepiece
- FIG. It is sectional drawing.
- a drive module 27 is provided inside a case 25 provided with a windshield 23 made of transparent glass or sapphire.
- the liquid crystal display device 17 is held by the drive module 27, and the drive module 27 and the liquid crystal display device 17 are connected by an anisotropic conductive rubber 33 to drive the liquid crystal display device 17.
- the drive module 27 includes a silver battery / rechargeable battery as a drive power supply, a quartz oscillator as a time reference source, a circuit for buzzer, and an oscillation frequency of the quartz oscillator.
- a liquid crystal driving IC for generating a driving signal for driving the liquid crystal display device 17 is provided.
- a windshield 23 is attached to the case 25 via a packing 32 made of a resin material. Further, a groove is provided on the surface of the case 25 opposite to the windshield 23, a packing 31 made of a rubber material is provided in the groove, and a back cover 35 is provided on the back of the case 25 with a packing 31.
- the airtight structure prevents dust and moisture from entering the watch by attaching it so that it is pressed.
- the liquid crystal display device 17 serving as the time display means of the timepiece is disposed below the windshield 23.
- the liquid crystal display device 17 is fitted into the drive module 27 and is pressed down by a metal press fitting (not shown), thereby forming the drive module 27 with the liquid crystal display device.
- the drive module 27 with the liquid crystal display device 17 is accommodated in the opening of the case 25, and the drive module 27 is pressed into the case 25 with the back cover 35 via the first packing 31 or Alternatively, a digital clock can be configured by pressing the back cover 35 with screws.
- the display section of the liquid crystal display device 17 has a time display section 41 for digitally displaying a current time and an alarm time, and is provided on both upper and lower sides thereof.
- the mark display sections 42, 42 are composed of a plurality of circular patterns 43 to 46 for displaying a plurality of colors, and produce colorfulness.
- the time display section 41 does not change the color, and always displays the time in a predetermined color.
- the mark display section 42 in the time display mode shows a different color for each circular pattern, and the color changes, for example, every second.
- the stopwatch mode by changing the color about every 0.1 second, it is possible to provide a colorful and impactful clock.
- the liquid crystal display device 17 of this embodiment includes a liquid crystal element 7, a first polarizing plate 9 and a second polarizing plate 8 disposed on both sides thereof, and a first polarizing plate.
- the reflector 9 is disposed outside the plate 9.
- the liquid crystal element 7 includes a first substrate 1 made of a 0.5 mm thick glass plate on which a transparent first electrode 3 made of indium tin oxide (hereinafter referred to as “ITO”) is formed.
- the STN mode liquid crystal element 7 is formed by enclosing and sandwiching a twisted nematic liquid crystal 6.
- the reflection type birefringent color liquid crystal display device 17 is constituted.
- An alignment film (not shown) is formed on the surfaces of the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4, and as shown in FIG.
- the lower liquid crystal molecule orientation direction 7a becomes 20 ° to the upper right (counterclockwise), and the second substrate 2 is rubbed to the right in the 20 ° direction.
- the orientation direction 7b of the liquid crystal molecules is 20 ° down to the right (clockwise).
- Nematic liquid crystal with viscosity 20 cp a revolving substance called a chiral material is added, and the twist pitch P is adjusted to 14 ⁇ m to form an STN mode liquid crystal element 7 having a left-handed 222 ° swist.
- the difference ⁇ n in the birefringence of the nematic liquid crystal 6 used is 0.21, and the cell gap d, which is the gap between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, is 7 ⁇ . Therefore, the ⁇ nd value of the liquid crystal element 7 represented by the product of the birefringence difference ⁇ n of the nematic liquid crystal 6 and the cell gap d is 1470 nm.
- the absorption axis 8a of the second polarizing plate 8 is arranged at a lower right angle of 60 ° with respect to the horizontal axis H
- the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 9 shown in FIG. 9a is arranged at a right angle of 75 ° with respect to the horizontal axis H
- the crossing angle of the pair of upper and lower polarizers 8 and 9 is 45 °.
- the linearly polarized light having a vibration plane parallel to the absorption axis 8 a of the second polarizing plate 8 is incident on the liquid crystal element 7. Since the light is incident at an angle of 40 ° with respect to the liquid crystal molecule alignment direction 7b, the liquid crystal molecules are in an elliptically polarized state.
- the light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 9 becomes vivid pink color light.
- This color light is reflected by the reflector 10, passes through the first polarizer 9, the liquid crystal element 7, and the second polarizer 8 again, is emitted to the viewing side, and becomes a pink display.
- FIG. 5 is a chromaticity diagram showing the color display of the liquid crystal display device, and a curve 20 shown by a thick solid line with an arrow corresponds to the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 3 of the liquid crystal element 7 shown in FIG. It shows the color change when the voltage applied between the electrodes 4 is gradually increased from the state where no voltage is applied. It is pink when no voltage is applied, but when the voltage is applied and the voltage is gradually increased, it turns light green, then green and blue, and when a higher voltage is applied, it becomes white.
- FIG. 6 and 7. a configuration example of the electrodes in the liquid crystal element 7 of the liquid crystal display device 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of the first electrode 3 made of ITO formed on the upper surface of the first substrate 1 as viewed from above
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of the first electrode 3 formed of ITO formed on the lower surface of the second substrate 2.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the second electrode 4 as viewed from above.
- the wiring patterns are indicated by bold lines together with the respective electrode patterns.
- the first electrode 3 is configured as five scanning electrodes C1 to C5 as shown in FIG.
- the scan electrodes C1 to C3 are connected to the respective electrode patterns constituting the time display section 41, and the scan electrodes C4 and C5 constitute the mark display sections 42 and 42, respectively. It is connected to a plurality of circular electrodes that produce fullness.
- the scanning electrodes C1 to C5 are drawn on the left side of the display screen for convenience of explanation. However, in actuality, the scanning electrodes C1 to C5 are drawn using a conductive paste or anisotropic conductive beads. In most cases, it is led to the substrate 2 side.
- the second electrode 4 is configured as 20 data electrodes D1 to D20 as shown in FIG. Wiring connected only to the electrode pattern of the time display section 41, such as the data electrode D2, and wiring connected only to the circular electrode of the mark display section 42, such as the data electrode D10 There are wirings connected to both electrodes of the time display section 41 and the mark display section 42, such as the data electrode D1.
- the data electrode is normally connected to three pixels, but the mark display part 42 has nothing to do with the actual display.Therefore, in the time display part 41, the data electrode is connected within three pixels. If there is no problem.
- FIG. 8 shows signals applied to the scan electrodes C1 to C5 shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 shows D1, D5, and D5 of the data electrodes shown in FIG.
- the composite waveform applied to the liquid crystal between the signals applied to D 9 and D 10 and the scanning electrode C 4 of the mark display section 42 is shown.
- Fig. 10 shows an example of signals applied to the scanning and data electrodes of this liquid crystal display device, and a composite waveform actually applied to the liquid crystal. Is the case.
- Normal scan signals are applied to the scan electrodes C1 to C3 of the time display section 41 as shown in FIG. 8, but data signals are applied to the scan electrodes C4 and C5 of the mark display section 42. You. Here, an ON / OFF data signal is applied to the scan electrode C4, and an OFF / OFF / OFF data signal is applied to the scan electrode C5.
- 2 2.45 V
- V 1 1.73 V
- V 0 0 V
- V 2 is ( The square root of 3 2 + 0 2 + 0 2 ) / 3 is 1.73.
- the following voltages are all effective values.
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the signal waveform applied to the scanning electrode and the data electrode and the composite waveform actually applied to the liquid crystal molecules.
- a scan signal used for normal multiplex driving is applied to the scan electrodes of the time display section 41.
- the driving voltage is 3 V with three-division driving and 1/2 bias.
- the scanning signal consists of a selection period Ts for applying 0 V and 3 V and a non-selection period Tns for applying 1.5 V, and the selection period Ts and the non-selection period Tns are combined into one frame. I do.
- the data signal during the non-selection period Tns is not affected by the ON signal or the OFF signal, and the combined waveform has a constant effective value Von.
- the composite waveform becomes the effective value Voff regardless of the data signal during the non-selection period Tns, and a desired character display becomes possible.
- the scan electrodes C 4 and C 5 of the mark display section 42 in FIG. The same data signal as that applied to the data electrode is applied.
- the lower part of FIG. 10 shows an example in which an on / on Z-on data signal is applied to the scanning electrode.
- the data signal applied to the data electrode causes the composite waveform in the case of three-division drive to have four types of effective values.
- the voltage applied to the liquid crystal can be changed to V0, VI, V2, and V3. Therefore, in a timepiece provided with a birefringent color type liquid crystal display device in which the color changes according to the applied voltage, by applying a data signal to the scanning electrode of the mark display section 42, there is no ordinary gradation function. Even if a black and white liquid crystal driving IC is used, the color of the mark display section 42 can be changed.
- the time display section 41 displays green characters on a pink background
- the circular patterns 43, 44, 45, and 46 which are the pixels of the mark display section 42, are white / blue / Multi-color display of light green and no pink becomes possible.
- the black and white LCD driving IC is a simpler circuit than the color LCD driving IC, and it is small and consumes low power. It is also preferable in terms of battery life.
- the display color of each circular pattern of the mark display section 42 changes at intervals of 0.1 to 1 second,
- the display can be colorful and impactful, and can provide innovative watches for young people.
- the ⁇ nd value of the liquid crystal element 7 is smaller than 1300 nm, the amount of change in the apparent nd value due to the voltage is reduced, so that blue and white become difficult to appear, and the nd value is 16 00 If it is larger than nm, the pink color of the background becomes difficult to appear, which is not preferable.
- the display color is different from the color tone of this embodiment, a similar birefringence color liquid crystal display can be used even if a TN mode liquid crystal element or an STN mode liquid crystal element of 180 ° or more twist is used.
- the device can be configured and a colorful clock can be provided.
- a digital watch having only a digital display has been described.
- the present invention can be applied to a combination clock (pitch) combining a liquid crystal display device and an analog hour hand, or a similar clock.
- the first electrode 3 is configured as a scanning electrode
- the second electrode 4 is configured as a data electrode
- the second electrode 4 is configured as a scanning electrode
- the first electrode 3 is configured as a scanning electrode
- the electrode 3 is also possible to use the electrode 3 as a data electrode.
- a scanning signal is applied to the second electrode 4 of the time display section 41
- a data signal is applied to the second electrode 4 of the mark display section 42.
- the timepiece of the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the configuration of the birefringent color liquid crystal display device is different from that of the first embodiment in that a phase difference plate is provided and the shape (pattern) of an electrode is different.
- the difference is that the drive signal of the display device is different and that a backlight device is provided, but the rest is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a sectional view of a timepiece (watch) showing a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a display portion of a liquid crystal display device provided in the timepiece. Is a sectional view thereof.
- the configuration of the timepiece of the second embodiment is almost the same as the timepiece of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 24, as shown in FIG. 25, except that the liquid crystal display device 18 and the drive module A backlight device 19 is provided between the backlight device 27 and the backlight device 27.
- the backlight device 19 is, for example, an electroluminescent EL (light emitting diode) LED array.
- the drive module 27 includes a silver battery or a lithium battery as a drive power supply, a crystal oscillator as a time reference source, and a drive signal for driving the liquid crystal display device 18 based on the oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator.
- a circuit that turns on the backlight device 19 is provided.
- the drive module 27 incorporating the liquid crystal display device 18 and the backlight device 19 is housed in the opening of the case 25 to which the windshield 23 is attached, and the first module 31 is inserted through the first packing 31.
- the drive module 27 is pressed into the case 25 with the back cover 35, or the back cover 35 is screwed in to form a digital watch.
- the display section of the liquid crystal display device 18 used for this watch has a time display section 51 of a dot display display showing the current time and alarm time, and a plurality of colors on both sides thereof. It is composed of mark display sections 52 and 52 for showing colorfulness.
- the mark display sections 52, 52 respectively have a plurality of circular patterns 53, 55, It consists of 5 7 and square patterns 5 4 and 5 6.
- the time display section 51 does not change the color and always displays the time in a predetermined color.
- the mark display section 52 in the time display mode shows a different color for each of the patterns 53 to 57, and the color changes every second.
- the stopwatch mode by changing the color about every 0.1 second, a colorful and impactful clock can be provided.
- FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional structure of the liquid crystal display device 18, and portions corresponding to those of the liquid crystal display device used in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Their explanation is omitted.
- the liquid crystal element 12 of the liquid crystal display device 18 has a STN mode liquid crystal in which a nematic liquid crystal 6 twisted at 240 ° is sealed and sandwiched in a gap between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
- the element constitutes.
- a second polarizing plate 8 is disposed outside the second substrate 2 of the liquid crystal element 12 via a retardation plate 13 having a retardation value of 180 nm. Further, a first polarizing plate 9 and a transflective plate 11 are arranged outside the first substrate 1. Since the transflective plate 11 partially transmits light from below, when incorporated in the timepiece shown in FIG. 25, the backlight unit 19 is positioned below the transflective plate 11. In this case, a transflective birefringent color liquid crystal display device 18 can be configured.
- An alignment film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 of the liquid crystal element 12, and the first substrate 1 is positioned with respect to the horizontal axis H shown in FIG.
- the lower liquid crystal molecule alignment direction 12a becomes 30 ° right-upward by rubbing in the 30 ° upward direction, and the second substrate 2 is rubbed in the 30 ° downwardly upward direction.
- the upper liquid crystal molecular orientation direction 1 2b falls 30 ° to the right.
- a revolving substance called a chiral material is added to a nematic liquid crystal having a viscosity of 20 cp, a revolving substance called a chiral material is added, the twist pitch P is adjusted to 16 // m, and the STN mode liquid crystal element 12 having a left-handed 240 ° swist is added.
- the difference ⁇ n in the birefringence of the nematic liquid crystal 6 used is 0.21
- the cell gap d which is the gap between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, is 8 ⁇ m. Therefore, the ⁇ nd value of the liquid crystal element 12 represented by the product of the birefringence difference ⁇ n of the nematic liquid crystal 6 and the cell gap d is 1680 nm. Therefore, the retardation value of the retarder 13 is set to be larger by 120 nm than the And value of the liquid crystal element 12.
- the refractive index of the slow axis 13a of the retardation plate is nx
- the refractive index in the y-axis direction orthogonal to the slow axis 13a is ny
- the retardation plate 13 is arranged such that its slow axis 13a is at a position of 65 ° ascending rightward with respect to the horizontal axis H as shown in FIG. Further, the absorption axis 8a of the second polarizing plate 8 is disposed 45 ° counterclockwise with respect to the slow axis 13a of the phase difference plate 13, and the absorption axis 9a of the first polarizing plate 9 is As shown in FIG. 13, the liquid crystal element 12 is disposed at an angle of 35 ° counterclockwise with the lower liquid crystal molecule alignment direction 12a, and the crossing angle between the pair of upper and lower polarizing plates 8 and 9 is 45 °.
- the linearly polarized light incident from the second polarizer 8 changes due to the birefringence of the retarder 13. Although it becomes elliptically polarized light, by providing a difference between the retardation value of the retarder 13 and the md value of the liquid crystal element 12 and optimizing the arrangement angle of the polarizer, a straight line passes through the liquid crystal element 12. Return to polarized light.
- the molecules of the nematic liquid crystal 6 rise, and the apparent ⁇ nd value of the liquid crystal element 12 decreases. Therefore, the elliptically polarized light generated by the phase difference plate 13 does not return to completely linearly polarized light even after passing through the liquid crystal element 12. Therefore, the light reaches the first polarizer 9 in an elliptically polarized state, and Light of a certain wavelength passes through the first polarizing plate 9 to become color light.
- the color light transmitted through the first polarizer 9 is reflected by the semi-transmissive reflector 11, and again, the first polarizer 9, the liquid crystal element 12, the retarder 13, and the second polarizer 8 is transmitted to the viewer side for color display.
- FIG. 15 is a chromaticity diagram showing a display color of the liquid crystal display device 18 of the birefringent color system, and a curve 21 shown by a thick solid line with an arrow gradually increases the applied voltage from the non-applied state. It shows the color change when going. When no voltage is applied, the color is almost achromatic black. However, when a voltage is applied and the voltage is gradually increased, the color turns white, then turns to yellow, red, blue, and green, and further voltage is applied. Then, the display becomes light green.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view of the first electrode 3 made of ITO formed on the upper surface of the first substrate 1 of the liquid crystal element 18 as viewed from above
- FIG. 17 is a plan view of the second substrate 2.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a second electrode 4 made of ITO formed on a lower surface, as viewed from above.
- the first electrode 3 of the liquid crystal element 12 in the liquid crystal display device 18 is configured as six scanning electrodes C1 to C6, as shown in FIG.
- the scanning electrodes C1 to C4 are connected to four horizontal strip-shaped electrodes constituting a matrix of the time display unit 51, respectively, and the scanning electrode C5 and the scanning electrode C6 respectively produce colorfulness.
- a plurality of circular or square electrodes constituting the two sets of mark display sections 52, 52 are connected in series.
- the scanning electrodes C1 to C6 are drawn on the left side of the display screen for convenience of description, but in actuality, these scanning electrodes C1 to C6 are formed using conductive paste or anisotropic conductive beads. 6 is often led to the second substrate 2 side.
- the second electrode 4 of the liquid crystal element 12 is configured as 10 data electrodes D1 to D10, as shown in FIG. All the data electrodes D 1 to D 10 are formed by a vertical band-shaped electrode forming the matrix of the time display section 51 and a circle forming the mark display section 52. They are connected to both rectangular and rectangular electrodes, and their wiring capacitances are almost equal to prevent display unevenness.
- FIG. 18 shows signals applied to scan electrodes C1 to C6 in FIG. 16, and FIG. 19 shows signals applied to D1 to D5 among the data electrodes in FIG. 5 shows a composite waveform applied to the liquid crystal between the scanning electrode C5 of the mark display section 52 and the scanning electrode C5.
- the following voltage values are all effective values.
- a normal scan signal is applied to the scan electrodes C1 to C4 of the time display section 51, but to the scan electrodes C5 and C6 of the mark display section 52.
- an on / on / on / on data signal is applied to scan electrode C5
- V 3 1.73 V
- the square pattern 54 in the mark display section 52 shown in FIG. 11 shows green.
- V 2 1.41 V
- the circular pattern 55 in the mark display section 52 shown in FIG. 11 shows blue.
- the time display unit 51 displays green characters on a black background.
- Each pattern (pixel) of the display and mark display section 52, 52 is capable of multi-color display of black Z blue / green / light green.
- the IC for driving a black and white liquid crystal is a simpler circuit than the IC for driving a color liquid crystal, and is small in size and low in power consumption.
- the color of each pattern of the mark display section 52 changes at intervals of 0.1 to 1 second, and it is colorful. High-impact display is possible, and a novel watch for young people can be provided. You.
- the liquid crystal display device used in the timepiece of the second embodiment uses a transflective reflection plate 11 as a reflection plate, and recognizes it at night even in combination with a backlight device 19 provided in the timepiece.
- the reflection plate may be of a reflection-only type and the backlight device 19 may not be provided.
- the ⁇ nd value of the liquid crystal element 12 is smaller than 1,500 nm, the change in the apparent nmd value due to the voltage is reduced, so that blue and green hardly appear.
- the value of And is larger than 1800 nm, the color change becomes too sharp, and the color change due to unevenness and temperature becomes large.
- a TN mode liquid crystal element an STN mode liquid crystal element of 180 ° twist or more, or a 180 ° twist or more
- a similar birefringent color liquid crystal display device can be formed by using the STN mode liquid crystal element and the phase difference plate, and a similarly colorful clock can be provided.
- the retardation film 13 a film obtained by uniaxially stretching a polycarbonate film was used as the retardation film 13.
- the refractive index of the slow axis 13 a of the retardation film was nx
- this slow axis was 13 If the refractive index in the y-axis direction perpendicular to 3 a is defined as ny and the refractive index in the z-axis direction, which is the thickness direction, as nz, use a biaxially stretched retardation plate with nx>nz> ny. Thereby, the viewing angle characteristics can be further improved.
- a twisted retardation plate which is obtained by applying a liquid crystal polymer to a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film or polyester (PET) film instead of the retardation plate 13, a better color can be obtained. Display becomes possible.
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- PET polyester
- the STN mode liquid crystal element 12 with And l 500 to 1800 nm and the liquid crystal element 12 Approximately the same color can be obtained by using a twisted phase difference plate with a ⁇ nd value 10 to 100 nm smaller than the nd value.
- a digital clock (watch) having only a digital display
- the present invention can be applied to a combination clock combining a liquid crystal display device and a pointer for analog display, or a similar clock. Of course it is possible.
- the first electrode 3 is configured as a scanning electrode
- the second electrode 4 is configured as a data electrode.
- the relationship is reversed, and the second electrode 4 is configured as a scanning electrode, and the first electrode 3 is configured as a scanning electrode.
- the electrode 3 is also possible to use the electrode 3 as a data electrode. In that case, a scanning signal is applied to the second electrode of the time display section 51, and a data signal is applied to the second electrode of the mark display section 52.
- the shape of the mark display portion of the liquid crystal display device is circular or square.
- the shape is simple, it is of course possible to make it a complicated figure, the shape of an animal or a vehicle, or the shape of a character.
- the in-line inversion driving in which the polarity is inverted within one frame to prevent the application of DC to the liquid crystal element has been described. It is, of course, possible to drive the liquid crystal display device in the same manner by employing the n-row inversion drive for inverting the pixel and the frame-by-frame inversion drive for inverting the sign every frame.
- FIGS. 20 to 23 and FIG. the same parts as those in the first and second embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the timepiece of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 25 shows that this watch incorporates a two-layer liquid crystal display device having a second liquid crystal display device 63 above a first liquid crystal display device 61 as a liquid crystal display device. This is different from the clock of the second embodiment.
- the drive module 27 is connected to the first liquid crystal display 61 via an anisotropic conductive rubber 36, and is connected to the second liquid crystal display 63 via an anisotropic conductive rubber 37.
- a spacer (not shown) made of a plastic film is interposed between the first liquid crystal display device 61 and the second liquid crystal display device 63 in order to keep a certain interval.
- the display section of the first liquid crystal display device 61 comprises a time display portion 41 for displaying the current time alarm time.
- the display section is made up of a rectangular shirt section 47 as shown by a broken line in FIG.
- the second liquid crystal display device 63 since the second liquid crystal display device 63 is placed on top of the first liquid crystal display device 61, it becomes silver when the shirt portion 47 is closed, and the time display portion 41 is entirely I can't see it.
- the time display section 41 can be recognized only when the shutter section 47 is open.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of a two-layer liquid crystal display device used in the timepiece of the third embodiment, and FIG. 21 is a plan view showing the arrangement relationship between each liquid crystal element and a polarizing plate. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23.
- a first liquid crystal display device 61 is composed of a first substrate 1 made of a 0.5 mm thick glass plate on which a first electrode 3 made of ITO is formed, and a first liquid crystal display device 61 made of ITO.
- a second substrate 2 made of a 0.5 mm thick glass plate on which a second electrode 4 is formed; a sealing material 5 for bonding the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2;
- the TN mode first liquid crystal element 60 is formed by the 90 ° twist-aligned nematic liquid crystal 6 enclosed and held in the substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
- a first polarizer 9 and a semi-transmissive reflector 11 are arranged, and outside the second substrate 2, a second polarizer 9 is disposed.
- a polarizing plate 8 is provided. Since the transflective plate 11 partially transmits light from below, a transflective liquid crystal display device is configured by including a backlight device 19 in the timepiece.
- the second liquid crystal display device 63 also includes a first substrate 71 formed of a 0.3 mm-thick glass plate on which a first electrode 73 formed of ITO is formed, and a second substrate formed of IT ⁇ .
- a second substrate 72 formed of a 0.3 mm-thick glass plate on which the electrodes 74 are formed; a sealing material 75 for bonding the first substrate 71 to the second substrate 72;
- the TN mode second liquid crystal element 62 is formed by the 90 ° twisted nematic liquid crystal 76 sandwiched between the first substrate 71 and the second substrate 72. .
- a reflective polarizer 65 is disposed outside the first substrate 71 of the second liquid crystal element 62, and a third polarizer 64 is disposed outside the second substrate 72. I do.
- the reflective polarizing plate 65 is a film in which 100 or more layers of materials having different refractive indices are stacked, and transmits linearly polarized light having a vibrating plane parallel to the transmission axis, but is shifted by 90 ° from the transmission axis. Light having a vibrating surface in a different direction is a film having a property of being reflected.
- 3M (Sleem) Co., Ltd., trade name D-BEF-A was used.
- An alignment film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 of the first liquid crystal element 60, and the first substrate 1 is horizontal as shown in FIG.
- the lower liquid crystal molecule orientation direction 60a becomes 45 ° to the lower right and the second substrate 2 rises to 45 ° in the right direction.
- the upper liquid crystal molecular orientation direction 60 b rises to the right by 45 °.
- a nematic liquid crystal having a viscosity of 20 cp a revolving substance called a chiral material is added, and the twist pitch P is adjusted to about 100 ⁇ .
- the difference ⁇ n in birefringence of the nematic liquid crystal 6 to be used is 0.15, and the cell gap d as a gap between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is 8 ⁇ m. Therefore, the ⁇ nd value of the first liquid crystal element 60 represented by the product of the birefringence difference ⁇ n of the nematic liquid crystal 6 and the cell gap d is 1200 nm.
- An alignment film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the first electrode 73 and the second electrode 74 of the second liquid crystal element 62, and as shown in FIG.
- the lower liquid crystal molecule orientation direction 62a becomes 45 ° to the right and the second substrate 72 rises to the right.
- the upper liquid crystal molecule alignment direction 62b rises to the right and rises to 45 °.
- a nematic liquid crystal having a viscosity of 20 cp a revolving substance called a chiral material was added, the torsion pitch P was adjusted to about 100 / zm, and the second TN mode of 90 ° counterclockwise twist was used.
- the liquid crystal element 62 is formed.
- the birefringence difference ⁇ of the nematic liquid crystal 76 used is 0.15, and the cell gap d, which is the gap between the first substrate 71 and the second substrate 72, is 8 ⁇ . Therefore, the ⁇ n d value of the second liquid crystal element 62 represented by the product of the birefringence difference ⁇ n of the nematic liquid crystal 76 and the cell gap d is also 1200 nm.
- the absorption axis 8 a of the second polarizing plate provided in the first liquid crystal display device 61 is equal to the upper liquid crystal molecule orientation direction 60 b of the first liquid crystal element 60 and is on the right. It is arranged at an angle of 45 ° and the absorption axis 9a of the first polarizing plate is arranged at an angle of 45 ° to the right, equal to the lower liquid crystal molecule orientation direction 60a of the first liquid crystal element 60.
- the crossing angles of the polarizing plates 8 and 9 are 90 °.
- the absorption axis 64 a of the third polarizing plate 64 provided in the second liquid crystal display device 62 is aligned with the upper liquid crystal molecule orientation direction 62 of the second liquid crystal element 62.
- the transmission axis 65 a of the reflective polarizer 65 is set at 45 °, rising to the right equal to b, and the transmission axis 65 a of the reflective polarizer 65 is set to lower 45 °, equal to the liquid crystal molecular orientation direction 62 a of the second liquid crystal element 62. I do.
- the third polarizing plate 64 is passed through. Then, the linearly polarized light incident from a direction perpendicular to the absorption axis 64 a is rotated 90 ° by the second liquid crystal element 62, and is orthogonal to the transmission axis 65 a of the reflective polarizer 65. Of the reflected axis Direction, so that all incident light is reflected, resulting in a silver mirror display.
- the transmission axis orthogonal to the absorption axis 8a of the second polarizing plate of the first liquid crystal display device 61 and the reflection type of the second liquid crystal display device 63 are Since the transmission axis 65 a of the polarizing plate 65 is parallel, the linearly polarized light transmitted through the second liquid crystal display device 63 enters the first liquid crystal display device 61.
- the linearly polarized light incident from the second polarizing plate 8 rotates 90 °, and the transmitted light is orthogonal to the absorption axis 9a of the first polarizing plate 9. Since the light arrives in the axial direction, the incident light passes through the first polarizing plate 9 and is reflected by the semi-transmissive reflector 11, and again, the first liquid crystal display device 6 1 and the second liquid crystal display device 6 3 The light is transmitted to the viewing side and is displayed in white.
- the molecules of the nematic liquid crystal 6 rise, and the optical rotation of the first liquid crystal element 60 is lost.
- the linearly polarized light incident from the direction orthogonal to the absorption axis 8a through the second polarizing plate 8 enters the absorption axis 9a of the first polarizing plate 9 as it is, so that all the incident light is absorbed,
- the first liquid crystal display device performs black display.
- the drive signal is the same as the signal used in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
- the first electrode 3 of the first liquid crystal element 60 is composed of scanning electrodes C1 to C3 as shown in FIG. 6, and applies the scanning signal shown in FIG.
- the second electrode 4 includes data electrodes D1 to D20 as shown in FIG. By applying the data signal, the time can be displayed.
- the first electrode 73 of the second liquid crystal element 62 is formed of one scanning electrode, and applies the data signal shown in C4 in FIG.
- the second electrode 74 is composed of one data electrode, and is applied between the first electrode 73 and the second electrode 74 by applying the data signal shown in D1 of FIG.
- the composite waveform shown in FIG. 9 is applied, and 3 V can be applied as an effective value.
- the second liquid crystal display device 63 is brought into a half-open state. It is also possible to control so that the time gradually appears or disappears when opening and closing.
- the effective voltage applied to the second liquid crystal display device 63 is reduced to the first voltage. It is possible to increase the effective voltage applied to the liquid crystal display device, and to open the shutter completely to provide a bright display and to provide a novel watch for young people whose characters appear from the metallic shirt. it can.
- a transflective reflector 11 is used as a reflector, and a backlight device 19 is provided to enable recognition at night.
- the reflector is a reflection-only type, and a backlight is used. It is not necessary to provide the remote control device 19.
- the second polarizing plate 64 and the reflective polarizing plate 65 provided on the second liquid crystal display device 63 have a force s , which does not have a mirror effect but has a black or white background. Take 6 5 Finally, it is also possible to configure with only the third polarizer 64, or to replace the reflective polarizer 65 with a normal absorption polarizer.
- a 90 ° twisted TN liquid crystal element is used for the first liquid crystal element 60 and the second liquid crystal element 62, but the 180 ° to 2770 ° twisted TN liquid crystal element is used. It is also possible to use the STN liquid crystal device of the above or a liquid crystal display device in which a retardation plate or a twisted retardation plate is added to the STN liquid crystal device.
- the second liquid crystal display device 63 has only one shutter portion 47, but it is of course possible to provide a plurality of shutter portions.
- the two-layer liquid crystal display device including the first liquid crystal display device 61 and the second liquid crystal display device 63 has been described.
- the driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is applied to a normal liquid crystal display device. By using this function, it is possible to emphasize the contrast of the mark part or icon part, or to display a half tone.
- the timepiece according to the present invention includes a birefringent color liquid crystal display device, a time display unit and a mark display unit provided on the liquid crystal display unit, and the mark display unit performs multicolor display. By doing so, colorful and fashionable displays are possible.
- multicolor display is realized by driving a birefringent color liquid crystal display device using a normal black-and-white display liquid crystal driving IC without gradation function, so low cost and low power consumption. It is possible to provide a powerful watch that can display a small number of colors.
- a watch provided with a two-layer liquid crystal display device in which a second liquid crystal display device is disposed above a first liquid crystal display device as in the third embodiment has a contrast of the second liquid crystal display device. Since the display can be high and halftone display can be performed, it is possible to provide a highly fashionable timepiece that is bright and has a brightness adjustment function.
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- Electric Clocks (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP53057299A JP3332388B2 (ja) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-27 | 時 計 |
BR9807018-5A BR9807018A (pt) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-27 | Relógio |
AU12608/99A AU1260899A (en) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-27 | Timepiece |
US09/355,275 US6414910B1 (en) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-27 | Timepiece |
DE69803833T DE69803833T2 (de) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-27 | Zeitwiedergabevorrichtung |
EP98955943A EP0964321B1 (en) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-27 | Timepiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9/327599 | 1997-11-28 | ||
JP32759997 | 1997-11-28 |
Publications (1)
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WO1999028793A1 true WO1999028793A1 (fr) | 1999-06-10 |
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PCT/JP1998/005327 WO1999028793A1 (fr) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-27 | Moyen d'indication de l'heure |
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US (1) | US6414910B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0964321B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3332388B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100336681B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1244931A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU1260899A (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9807018A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69803833T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999028793A1 (ja) |
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1998
- 1998-11-27 US US09/355,275 patent/US6414910B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-27 CN CN98802049A patent/CN1244931A/zh active Pending
- 1998-11-27 EP EP98955943A patent/EP0964321B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-27 DE DE69803833T patent/DE69803833T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-27 JP JP53057299A patent/JP3332388B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-27 AU AU12608/99A patent/AU1260899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-11-27 WO PCT/JP1998/005327 patent/WO1999028793A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1998-11-27 BR BR9807018-5A patent/BR9807018A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-27 KR KR1019997006293A patent/KR100336681B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS50137558A (ja) * | 1974-04-19 | 1975-10-31 | ||
JPS5137594A (ja) * | 1974-09-26 | 1976-03-29 | Seiko Instr & Electronics | Hyojisochi |
JPS5447598A (en) * | 1977-09-22 | 1979-04-14 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
JPS54123870U (ja) * | 1978-02-17 | 1979-08-30 | ||
JPS5714087U (ja) * | 1980-06-27 | 1982-01-25 | ||
JPH07159561A (ja) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-23 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 時刻表示装置 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008102476A (ja) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-05-01 | Hannspree Inc | フラットパネルディスプレイ用水密装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0964321A1 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
BR9807018A (pt) | 2000-03-14 |
JP3332388B2 (ja) | 2002-10-07 |
EP0964321A4 (ja) | 1999-12-15 |
EP0964321B1 (en) | 2002-02-13 |
DE69803833D1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
KR20000070072A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
US6414910B1 (en) | 2002-07-02 |
DE69803833T2 (de) | 2002-08-22 |
KR100336681B1 (ko) | 2002-05-13 |
AU1260899A (en) | 1999-06-16 |
CN1244931A (zh) | 2000-02-16 |
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