WO1999001340A1 - Stabilising device for sailing boat - Google Patents

Stabilising device for sailing boat Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999001340A1
WO1999001340A1 PCT/FR1998/001388 FR9801388W WO9901340A1 WO 1999001340 A1 WO1999001340 A1 WO 1999001340A1 FR 9801388 W FR9801388 W FR 9801388W WO 9901340 A1 WO9901340 A1 WO 9901340A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
keel
stabilization
flaps
pivoting
boat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1998/001388
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Fiocca
Original Assignee
Jacques Fiocca
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jacques Fiocca filed Critical Jacques Fiocca
Priority to JP50652499A priority Critical patent/JP2002507171A/en
Priority to EP98933755A priority patent/EP0991567A1/en
Priority to AU83462/98A priority patent/AU8346298A/en
Publication of WO1999001340A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999001340A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B41/00—Drop keels, e.g. centre boards or side boards ; Collapsible keels, or the like, e.g. telescopically; Longitudinally split hinged keels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stabilization device for a sailing boat and to a sailboat equipped with such a device.
  • Such boats nevertheless have drawbacks due to the list they suffer, such as, for example, in heavy weather.
  • these boats are often equipped with systems intended to stabilize them in the water such as, for example, ballast located at the lower end of the keel or devices such as those described in French patent application No. 2,727 668.
  • ballast located at the lower end of the keel or devices such as those described in French patent application No. 2,727 668.
  • most of the known devices are not entirely satisfactory and have drawbacks, particularly in their implementation and in their effectiveness.
  • the present invention proposes to solve the aforementioned problems using simple, reliable and effective means, intended to allow the stabilization of the boat in the water as well as its positioning in the hydraulic flow caused by its movement.
  • the stabilization device for boats fitted with a keel or a fin comprises stabilization means constituted by at least one movable stabilization member having at least one bearing surface , the mobile stabilization member being disposed on the keel so as to be movable relative to the latter between an inactive position, where its bearing surface is parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow due to the movement of the boat, and at least one active position where its bearing surface is arranged in the direction of said hydraulic flow.
  • the mobile stabilization member is constituted by at least one pivoting flap disposed (s) in the central part of the keel and contained (s) in the longitudinal plane when (s) is (are) in the inactive position, the movable flap (s) being articulated around a pivot axis contained in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the boat.
  • the pivoting flap (s) has (have) a substantially rectangular shape and is (are) articulated (s) around a substantially vertical perpendicular bisector, the flap (s) swivel (s) being disposed inside an orifice located in the central part of the keel, so as to be able, in the active position, to present on either side of the keel, one of its (their) lateral face (s) in the direction of the hydraulic flow.
  • the stabilization device for sailing boats, it comprises two pivoting flaps articulated around pivot axes contained in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the boat, said flaps being arranged in an orifice or a window arranged in the central part of the keel.
  • one of the flaps is disposed at the front of the window while the other flap is disposed at the rear of said window, the front flap being articulated along the front edge. of the window and the rear flap being articulated along the rear edge of said window.
  • the pivoting of the two flaps between their inactive position and their active positions is effected by a respective rotation around their pivot axes in the same direction.
  • the two pivoting flaps are of different length.
  • the stabilization device for sailboats comprises several mobile stabilization members such as pivoting flaps arranged when they are in the inactive position in planes parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow and intersecting with the longitudinal plane.
  • the pivoting flaps are in the inactive position, arranged in planes orthogonal to the longitudinal plane and are articulated around transverse axes arranged along their leading edge.
  • the transition from an active position to an inactive position and vice versa of the mobile stabilization member (s) is obtained by means control.
  • control means comprise a computerized control unit intended to take into account the physical parameters linked to the environment of the boat and to its movement.
  • the invention has significant advantages for the navigation of the boat and its devices are intended to stabilize the boat by reducing the heel and thus improve the navigation characteristics of the boat and in particular its speed.
  • a movable member constituted by a lower keel extension also called an active keel
  • this makes it possible to considerably reduce the dimensions of the keel and to eliminate or significantly reduce the ballast in relation to the dimensions and ballast of the keel of current sailboats, so the boat has less draft and allows faster navigation with less heel.
  • the movable members are constituted by pivoting flaps arranged in planes orthogonal to the keel and which can be called keel foils for example, these advantageously make it possible to level the boat in its axis even when this one has heel and thus make it possible to increase its speed by presenting a smaller submerged volume.
  • the sailboat advantageously has floats to balance the boat when it is stopped or at low speed.
  • Figures 1 to 13 illustrate different embodiments of the device for stabilizing a boat according to the invention.
  • Figures 1 to 3c illustrate a first embodiment.
  • Figure 1 shows in side view a boat equipped with a stabilization device in the inactive position.
  • Figure 2 illustrates in a view similar to Figure 1 the stabilization device in the active position.
  • Figure 3a shows in cross section along BB the stabilization device in the inactive position.
  • Figures 3b and 3c show in views similar to Figure 3a two different active positions of the device.
  • Figures 4 to 7b illustrate a second embodiment and an alternative embodiment where the movable stabilization member is constituted by longitudinal pivoting flaps.
  • Figure 4 illustrates in side view the boat and its device.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show in cross section along BB the second embodiment of the device respectively in the inactive position and in the active position.
  • Figure 6 shows in side view an alternative embodiment in the inactive position.
  • Figures 7a and 7b show in cross section along BB said alternative embodiment of the device respectively in the inactive position and in the active position.
  • Figures 8 to 9b illustrate a variant of the second embodiment which constitutes the preferred embodiment of the stabilization device.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates in perspective this preferred embodiment of the stabilization device.
  • Figures 9a, 9b respectively illustrate in section along AA the inactive position of the pivoting flaps and two different active positions.
  • Figures 10a to 13 illustrate a third embodiment and its variants.
  • FIG. 10a illustrates in cross section along CC an embodiment of the device in the inactive position.
  • FIG. 10b illustrates in the inactive position, in a view similar to FIG. 10a, the preferred alternative embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 11a schematically illustrates in side view this preferred variant in several positions.
  • Figure 11b illustrates in a view similar to Figure 11a a variant of the third embodiment where the pivot axes are offset.
  • Figure 12 shows in cross section along CC another variant of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 13 shows in cross section along CC a boat equipped with lateral flotation members and a combination of the various embodiments of the device.
  • the stabilization device bearing the general reference (1) is intended to be placed on sailboats (2) such as pleasure boats or competition sailboats, but it could also be used on smaller sailboats such than dinghies, for example.
  • This device comprises stabilization means constituted by at least one mobile stabilization member (4) disposed on the keel of the sailboat (2). Note that in the case of dinghies, such a device can equip the drift thereof in order to improve their stability.
  • the movable stabilization member (s) (OM) are each provided with at least one bearing surface (SP) intended to be positioned in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow caused by the movement of the boat in the water in order to use this flow to create a support, the result of which makes it possible to prevent or reduce the heeling of the boat.
  • the mobile stabilization member (OM) is intended to equip the keel (3) of the boat (2) so as to be movable relative to the latter between an inactive position (A) where its bearing surface (SP) is retracted with respect to the hydraulic flow (F) generated by the movement of the boat thus leaving the boat (2) to tilt under the pressure exerted by the wind in its sails (6a, 6b), and at least one position active (Bl, B2) where its bearing surface (SP) is arranged in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow so as to undergo the support of water.
  • A inactive position
  • SP bearing surface
  • F hydraulic flow
  • the mobile stabilization member (s) (OM) is (are) controlled by control means (MC) intended to allow its passage (s) from an inactive position to an active position and vice versa.
  • said passage is advantageously effected by pivoting of the bearing surface (s) (SP) around a pivot axis (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) driven by the control means (MC).
  • the pivot axis (s) (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) may advantageously be either located in the longitudinal plane of general symmetry (P) of the boat (2) corresponding to the plane of the keel (3) , or in planes orthogonal to said plane (P) and substantially horizontal so that in their respective inactive positions, the bearing surface (s) (SP) is (are) located in a plane parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow and that after pivoting, said surface (s) is positioned so that they are no longer located in a plane parallel to the direction of said flow and therefore cut said flow.
  • the stabilization means are constituted by a single movable member (OM). This one, when it is in the inactive position (A), forms the lower extension (4) of the keel (3), as illustrated in FIG. 3a, and can pivot around a substantially vertical axis (XX 1 ) contained in the longitudinal plane (P) of general symmetry of the boat (2) as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the lower keel extension (4) is thus pivotally movable relative to the longitudinal plane (P) and therefore to the keel (3 ) so as to be able to form a non-zero angle with said plane (P) when it is in one of its active positions (B1, B2) as shown in FIGS. 3b and 3c.
  • the device (1) furthermore comprises means for locking in position the movable member so as to be able to rigidly maintain said member in the desired active or inactive position.
  • the movable member (OM) has in a transverse plane a profile of tapered shape identical to that of the keel (3) so as to be able to form its extension.
  • its two side walls (5a, 5b) extend the side walls (3a, 3b) of the keel (3) when it is in the inactive position.
  • Said side walls (5a, 5b) connect the leading edge (7a) to the trailing edge (7b) of the mobile stabilization member (OM). They have a very slightly convex profile which can be considered as parallel to the plane (P) and therefore also parallel to the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow when they are in the inactive position.
  • the flow of water takes place parallel along said walls in a manner known per se, as along the keel, when the movable member is in the inactive position.
  • the movable member (OM) has one of its side walls (5a, 5b) in the direction of the hydraulic flow with an incidence allowing a support to be obtained on said lateral face (5a, 5b) which thus constitutes its bearing surface (SP).
  • the support due to the flow around the mobile stabilization member (OM) generated by the movement of the boat, causes the appearance of a return movement tending to reduce the effect of the boat heeling (2 ), that is to say to bring the keel (3) or the plane (P) which is linked to it in a vertical plane of the Galilean frame of reference linked to the body of water.
  • control means are configured to control the control means. According to this first embodiment, the control means
  • MC can be constituted by a mechanical device of a type known per se, the movable member (OM) being carried by a pivot axis (8) substantially vertical located in the plane (P) and whose pivoting can be obtained and managed by a motorized system with manual control.
  • the control means (MC) could be constituted by a computerized control unit making it possible to take into account the different physical parameters linked to the environment and to the movement of the boat such as the angle of heel of the boat.
  • the mobile stabilization member (OM) may comprise on its lateral faces (5a, 5b) intended to constitute the bearing surface (SP) of the pressure sensors intended to measure the support obtained by means of the fluid.
  • the control unit can also take this value of the support into account to modify or not the inclination ⁇ of the bearing surface of the movable member.
  • the stabilization means are constituted by a movable member (OM) such as a pivoting flap (9) disposed in the central part of the keel (3).
  • the pivoting flap (9) is pivotally articulated about an axis (8) arranged substantially along the vertical axis (XX 1 ) of the plane (P). It is advantageously rectangular in its longitudinal section along the plane (P) and is articulated around a perpendicular bisector of said rectangle.
  • the flap (9) is thus disposed in an orifice (11) of identical rectangular shape extending between the side walls (3a, 3b) of the keel (3) and located in the central part thereof.
  • the movable flap (9) has, during its pivoting, one of its lateral faces (9a, 9b) in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow so as to obtain, by modifying the flow, a support intended for create a reminder moment to straighten the boat.
  • the stabilization means comprise several pivoting flaps each constituting a mobile stabilization member (OM).
  • the device comprises three pivoting flaps (10a, 10b, 10c) articulated along axes (8a, 8b, 8c) parallel to each other and substantially vertical.
  • Said flaps are rectangular and identical and each pivot according to one of their perpendicular bisectors, which is arranged substantially vertical. They are arranged in the extension of each other when they are in the inactive position and completely fill an orifice (11) of the type described in the second embodiment, so as to integrate perfectly into the keel (3) .
  • the pivoting of said flaps around their respective axes (8a, 8b, 8c) intended to present one of their lateral faces (21a, 21b) in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow is effected simultaneously by means control such as a mechanical device, for example, intended to manage the pivoting angle of each of the movable flaps (10a, 10b, 10c).
  • control such as a mechanical device, for example, intended to manage the pivoting angle of each of the movable flaps (10a, 10b, 10c).
  • pivoting of the flaps could also be managed by the control means in a non-simultaneous manner and thus make it possible to pivot only one of said flaps (10a, 10b, 10c) when this is sufficient to straighten the boat (2 ).
  • control means may also include a computerized unit making it possible to take into account the various navigation parameters linked in particular to the boat, its operation or to its environment, as well as pressure sensors, so as to calculate the angle or angles of the mobile stabilization organ (s) (OM) of the optimum active position of the stabilization device.
  • OM mobile stabilization organ
  • said control means are in a manner known per se of the type allowing continuous adjustment of the angle of inclination of the bearing surfaces, thereby giving them an unlimited number of positions. possible active; however, the adjustment could also be of the step-by-step type, so that the mobile stabilization member can only take on a determined number of different positions, without however departing from the protective field of the invention.
  • the mobile stabilization members are constituted by two pivoting flaps (10a, 10b) arranged in an orifice or a window (11) located in the central part of the keel (3). These flaps are articulated around two respective pivot axes (8a, 8b) substantially vertical contained in the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) of the boat (2). These shutters are arranged in the window (11) at the same height in the extension of one another so as to close the window when they are in the inactive position.
  • the device comprises a front flap (10a) located at the front of the window (11) and advantageously articulated along an axis (8a) located substantially along the front edge (lia) of said window and a rear flap located at the rear and articulated along an axis (8b) disposed along the rear edge of said window as shown in Figures 8, 9a, 9b.
  • the two flaps (10a, 10b) are intended to pivot in the same direction of rotation when they pass to an active position so as to pivot on either side of the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) with which they form an advantageously identical angle ⁇ as shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b, the front and rear flaps (10a, 10b) thus being advantageously parallel.
  • the angle that each of the flaps forms with the plane of symmetry (P) could be different in the same active position, the flaps therefore no longer being parallel, without however leaving the protective field of the invention. Note as shown in FIGS.
  • each of the flaps can pivot in both directions of rotation in order to be able to orient themselves on one side or the other with respect to the plane of symmetry (P) as a function of the direction in which cottage the boat
  • the length of the front flap (10a) is different from the length of the rear flap (10b). It can advantageously be less than this as shown in Figures 9a to 9b, however these lengths could be the same or the length of the front flap greater than that of the rear flap without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the positioning of the pivot axes (8a, 8b) at the front and rear ends of the front flaps (10a) and rear (10b) respectively allows during the positioning of the flaps in the active position to divert the hydraulic flow (F ) by opposing it with a lateral face of each of said flaps, thereby creating the return moment intended to compensate for the heeling of the boat (2).
  • the hydraulic flow is then diverted so as to pass through the keel (3) of the boat (2) through the orifice or window (11) that the pivoting of the flaps (10a, 10b) has made it possible to open.
  • the mobile stabilization members may be constituted by side flaps arranged symmetrically around the keel, but which are no longer located in an orifice of said keel. These flaps are thus arranged against the side walls of the latter in the inactive position and then pivot towards their active position by forming a non-zero angle open towards the rear with the side walls of said keel.
  • the mobile stabilization members consist of at least two pivoting flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) which can also be more commonly called “ foils ”, said flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) being arranged symmetrically on either side of the keel (3) so as to extend from its side walls (3a, 3b) towards the outside of the boat (2) in planes (Ql, Q2, H, Hl, H2) intersecting with the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) and parallel to the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow.
  • Said pivoting flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) have in their inactive position their respective leading edges (13) in the hydraulic flow, and the flow takes place along their lower and upper walls (14a, 14b) advantageously situated in planes parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow (F).
  • the two pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) are of tapered shape and could in their inactive position be arranged in a plane (H) orthogonal to the plane (P) of the keel, as shown Figure 10b.
  • they could also, according to an alternative embodiment of this third embodiment, be arranged respectively in two planes (Ql, Q2) slightly inclined, each forming, in a transverse plane as illustrated in FIG.
  • the pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) are respectively pivotally mounted around transverse axes (16) arranged at the front end of said flaps advantageously along their respective leading edges (13).
  • control means are constituted by a mechanical device of a type known per se intended to position the pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) in one of their active positions (B1, B2) illustrated diagrammatically in dotted lines in figure lia by rotating them around their respective axis (16) and blocking them in a determined position by means of blocking means, said mechanical system being able to be managed by a computerized control unit automatically, for example, or by a device manual.
  • said flaps could be articulated along axes arranged in the central zone of said flaps as shown in a variant illustrated in FIG. 11b, for example, or along their trailing edges (15), without however leaving the protective field of the invention.
  • FIG. 11b a mechanical device of a type known per se intended to position the pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) in one of their active positions (B1, B2) illustrated diagrammatically in dotted lines in figure lia by rotating them around their respective axis (16) and blocking them in a determined position by means of blocking means
  • said mechanical system being able
  • the stabilization device could comprise several pivoting flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) on the same side wall (3a, 3b) of the keel (3) and be coupled with another movable stabilization member (OM) such as a lower keel extension (4) of the type described above.
  • OM movable stabilization member
  • the stabilization means comprise lateral flotation members (17a, 17b ) also intended to reduce the heeling of the boat, especially at low speed or when stationary.
  • Said lateral members are advantageously constituted by two floats (17a, 17b) movable between an active position, where they are positioned laterally in contact with water, and an inactive position, where they are no longer in contact with water.
  • the floats (17a 17b) are mounted on articulated arms (18a, 18b) so as to allow their passage from the active position to the inactive position, and vice versa.
  • the articulation of said arms takes place longitudinally around two parallel longitudinal axes (19a, 19b) and locking means are provided in order to maintain the arms and the floats in a determined position, active (B) or inactive (A) such as illustrated in FIG. 13.
  • active B
  • inactive inactive
  • the floats could be positioned using equivalent systems, without however departing from the claimed protective field of the invention.
  • said positioning of the floats can be controlled by additional control means linked to the control means managing the positioning of the movable member.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a stabilising device for sailing boats with longitudinal plane of general symmetry (P) provided with a keel (3) or a tail fin, characterised in that it comprises stabilising means consisting of at least a mobile stabilising element with a bearing surface (SP), the mobile stabilising element being arranged on the keel (3) movable relative to the latter between an inoperative position, wherein its bearing surface (SP) is parallel to the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow caused by the boat displacement, and an operative position wherein its bearing surface (SP) is arranged in the direction (F) of said hydraulic flow.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE STABILISATION POUR BATEAU A VOILESTABILIZATION DEVICE FOR SAILING BOAT
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de stabilisation pour bateau à voile ainsi qu'un voilier équipé d'un tel dispositif.The present invention relates to a stabilization device for a sailing boat and to a sailboat equipped with such a device.
Les sports nautiques, et plus particulièrement la voile, ont connu un développement rapide durant ces dernières années, notamment grâce aux progrès technologiques liés à l'utilisation des matériaux composites. Ainsi, les bateaux utilisés aussi bien par les compétiteurs que par les plaisanciers ont subi des changements permettant de les rendre de plus en plus légers et donc de plus en plus rapides.Water sports, and more particularly sailing, have experienced rapid development in recent years, in particular thanks to technological progress linked to the use of composite materials. Thus, the boats used by both competitors and boaters have undergone changes to make them lighter and lighter and therefore faster.
De tels bateaux présentent néanmoins des inconvénients dus à la gîte qu'ils subissent comme, par exemple, dans le gros temps. Ainsi, ces bateaux sont souvent équipés de systèmes destinés à les stabiliser dans l'eau comme, par exemple, du lest situé à l'extrémité inférieure de la quille ou des dispositifs tels que ceux décrits dans la demande de brevet française n° 2 727 668. Cependant, la plupart des dispositifs connus ne donnent pas entière satisfaction et présentent des inconvénients notamment dans leur mise en oeuvre ainsi que dans leur efficacité.Such boats nevertheless have drawbacks due to the list they suffer, such as, for example, in heavy weather. Thus, these boats are often equipped with systems intended to stabilize them in the water such as, for example, ballast located at the lower end of the keel or devices such as those described in French patent application No. 2,727 668. However, most of the known devices are not entirely satisfactory and have drawbacks, particularly in their implementation and in their effectiveness.
Ainsi, la présente invention se propose de résoudre les problèmes précités grâce à des moyens simples, fiables et efficaces, destinés à permettre la stabilisation du bateau dans l'eau ainsi que son positionnement dans le flux hydraulique occasionné par son déplacement.Thus, the present invention proposes to solve the aforementioned problems using simple, reliable and effective means, intended to allow the stabilization of the boat in the water as well as its positioning in the hydraulic flow caused by its movement.
Ainsi, selon sa caractéristique principale, le dispositif de stabilisation pour bateaux munis d'une quille ou d'une dérive est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de stabilisation constitués par au moins un organe mobile de stabilisation présentant au moins une surface portante, l'organe mobile de stabilisation étant disposé sur la quille de façon mobile par rapport à celle-ci entre une position inactive, où sa surface portante est parallèle à la direction du flux hydraulique du au déplacement du bateau, et au moins une position active où sa surface portante est disposée dans la direction dudit flux hydraulique. Selon un mode de réalisation, l'organe mobile de stabilisation est constitué par au moins un volet pivotant disposé(s) dans la partie centrale de la quille et contenu(s) dans le plan longitudinal lorsqu'il(s) est (sont) en position inactive, le(s) volet(s) mobile(s) étant articulé(s) autour d'un axe de pivotement contenu dans le plan longitudinal de symétrie du bateau.Thus, according to its main characteristic, the stabilization device for boats fitted with a keel or a fin is characterized in that it comprises stabilization means constituted by at least one movable stabilization member having at least one bearing surface , the mobile stabilization member being disposed on the keel so as to be movable relative to the latter between an inactive position, where its bearing surface is parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow due to the movement of the boat, and at least one active position where its bearing surface is arranged in the direction of said hydraulic flow. According to one embodiment, the mobile stabilization member is constituted by at least one pivoting flap disposed (s) in the central part of the keel and contained (s) in the longitudinal plane when (s) is (are) in the inactive position, the movable flap (s) being articulated around a pivot axis contained in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the boat.
Selon une caractéristique complémentaire, le(s) volet(s) pivotant(s) possède(nt) une forme sensiblement rectangulaire et est (sont) articulé(s) autour d'une médiatrice sensiblement verticale, le(s) volet(s) pivotant(s) étant disposé(s) à l'intérieur d'un orifice situé dans la partie centrale de la quille, de manière à pouvoir en position active présenter de part et d'autre de la quille, une de ses (leurs) face(s) latérale(s) dans la direction du flux hydraulique.According to an additional characteristic, the pivoting flap (s) has (have) a substantially rectangular shape and is (are) articulated (s) around a substantially vertical perpendicular bisector, the flap (s) swivel (s) being disposed inside an orifice located in the central part of the keel, so as to be able, in the active position, to present on either side of the keel, one of its (their) lateral face (s) in the direction of the hydraulic flow.
Selon le mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif de stabilisation pour bateaux à voiles, il comporte deux volets pivotants articulés autour d'axes de pivotement contenus dans le plan longitudinal de symétrie du bateau, lesdits volets étant disposés dans un orifice ou une fenêtre disposée dans la partie centrale de la quille.According to the preferred embodiment of the stabilization device for sailing boats, it comprises two pivoting flaps articulated around pivot axes contained in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the boat, said flaps being arranged in an orifice or a window arranged in the central part of the keel.
Selon une autre caractéristique de ce mode de réalisation, l'un des volets est disposé à l'avant de la fenêtre tandis que l'autre volet est disposé à l'arrière de ladite fenêtre, le volet avant étant articulé le long du bord avant de la fenêtre et le volet arrière étant articulé le long du bord arrière de ladite fenêtre.According to another characteristic of this embodiment, one of the flaps is disposed at the front of the window while the other flap is disposed at the rear of said window, the front flap being articulated along the front edge. of the window and the rear flap being articulated along the rear edge of said window.
Selon ce mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif de stabilisation pour bateaux à voiles, le pivotement des deux volets entre leur position inactive et leur positions actives s'effectue grâce à une rotation respective autour de leurs axes de pivotement de même sens .According to this preferred embodiment of the stabilization device for sailboats, the pivoting of the two flaps between their inactive position and their active positions is effected by a respective rotation around their pivot axes in the same direction.
Selon une variante d'exécution du mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif de stabilisation pour bateaux à voiles, les deux volets pivotants sont de longueur différente.According to an alternative embodiment of the preferred embodiment of the stabilization device for sailboats, the two pivoting flaps are of different length.
Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif de stabilisation pour bateaux à voiles, il comporte plusieurs organes mobiles de stabilisation tels que des volets pivotants disposés lorsqu'ils sont en position inactive dans des plans parallèles à la direction du flux hydraulique et sécants avec le plan longitudinal.According to another characteristic of the stabilization device for sailboats, it comprises several mobile stabilization members such as pivoting flaps arranged when they are in the inactive position in planes parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow and intersecting with the longitudinal plane.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les volets pivotants sont en position inactive, disposés dans des plans orthogonaux au plan longitudinal et sont articulés autour d'axes transversaux disposés le long de leur bord d'attaque.According to one embodiment, the pivoting flaps are in the inactive position, arranged in planes orthogonal to the longitudinal plane and are articulated around transverse axes arranged along their leading edge.
Selon une caractéristique complémentaire du dispositif de stabilisation pour bateaux à voiles selon l'invention, le passage d'une position active à une position inactive et inversement du (des) organe(s) mobile(s) de stabilisation est obtenu grâce à des moyens de commande.According to an additional characteristic of the stabilization device for sailboats according to the invention, the transition from an active position to an inactive position and vice versa of the mobile stabilization member (s) is obtained by means control.
Par ailleurs, les moyens de commande comportent une unité de commande informatisée destinée à prendre en compte les paramètres physiques liés à l'environnement du bateau et à son déplacement.Furthermore, the control means comprise a computerized control unit intended to take into account the physical parameters linked to the environment of the boat and to its movement.
Selon les différents modes de réalisation, l'invention présente des avantages importants pour la navigation du bateau et ses dispositifs sont destinés à stabiliser le bateau en réduisant la gîte et à améliorer ainsi les caractéristiques de navigation du bateau et notamment sa vitesse. Dans le cas d'un organe mobile constitué par un prolongement inférieur de quille appelé également quille active, cela permet de réduire considérablement les dimensions de la quille et de supprimer ou de réduire de manière importante le lest par rapport aux dimensions et au lest de la quille des voiliers actuels, ainsi le bateau présente moins de tirant d'eau et permet une navigation plus rapide avec moins de gîte. Selon un autre mode de réalisation où les organes mobiles sont constitués par des volets pivotants disposés dans des plans orthogonaux à la quille et que l'on peut appeler foils de quille par exemple, ceux ci permettent avantageusement de déjauger le bateau dans son axe même lorsque celui ci a de la gîte et de permettre ainsi d'augmenter sa vitesse en présentant un moindre volume immergé. Notons par ailleurs que le voilier possède avantageusement des flotteurs permettant d'équilibrer le bateau lorsque celui ci est à l'arrêt ou à faible vitesse. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention se dégageront de la description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés qui ne sont donnés qu'à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.According to the various embodiments, the invention has significant advantages for the navigation of the boat and its devices are intended to stabilize the boat by reducing the heel and thus improve the navigation characteristics of the boat and in particular its speed. In the case of a movable member constituted by a lower keel extension also called an active keel, this makes it possible to considerably reduce the dimensions of the keel and to eliminate or significantly reduce the ballast in relation to the dimensions and ballast of the keel of current sailboats, so the boat has less draft and allows faster navigation with less heel. According to another embodiment where the movable members are constituted by pivoting flaps arranged in planes orthogonal to the keel and which can be called keel foils for example, these advantageously make it possible to level the boat in its axis even when this one has heel and thus make it possible to increase its speed by presenting a smaller submerged volume. Note also that the sailboat advantageously has floats to balance the boat when it is stopped or at low speed. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows with reference to the appended drawings which are given only by way of nonlimiting examples.
Les figures 1 à 13 illustrent différents modes de réalisation du dispositif de stabilisation d'un bateau selon l'invention.Figures 1 to 13 illustrate different embodiments of the device for stabilizing a boat according to the invention.
Les figures 1 à 3c illustrent un premier mode de réalisation.Figures 1 to 3c illustrate a first embodiment.
La figure 1 représente en vue latérale un bateau équipé d'un dispositif de stabilisation en position inactive.Figure 1 shows in side view a boat equipped with a stabilization device in the inactive position.
La figure 2 illustre dans une vue similaire à la figure 1 le dispositif de stabilisation en position active.Figure 2 illustrates in a view similar to Figure 1 the stabilization device in the active position.
La figure 3a représente en coupe transversale selon BB le dispositif de stabilisation en position inactive.Figure 3a shows in cross section along BB the stabilization device in the inactive position.
Les figures 3b et 3c représentent dans des vues similaires à la figure 3a deux positions actives différentes du dispositif.Figures 3b and 3c show in views similar to Figure 3a two different active positions of the device.
Les figures 4 à 7b illustrent un deuxième mode de réalisation et une variante d'exécution où l'organe mobile de stabilisation est constitué par des volets pivotants longitudinaux.Figures 4 to 7b illustrate a second embodiment and an alternative embodiment where the movable stabilization member is constituted by longitudinal pivoting flaps.
La figure 4 illustre en vue latérale le bateau et son dispositif.Figure 4 illustrates in side view the boat and its device.
Les figures 5a et 5b représentent en coupe transversale selon BB le deuxième mode de réalisation du dispositif respectivement en position inactive et en position active.Figures 5a and 5b show in cross section along BB the second embodiment of the device respectively in the inactive position and in the active position.
La figure 6 représente en vue latérale une variante d'exécution en position inactive.Figure 6 shows in side view an alternative embodiment in the inactive position.
Les figures 7a et 7b représentent en coupe transversale selon BB ladite variante d'exécution du dispositif respectivement en position inactive et en position active. Les figures 8 à 9b illustrent une variante du deuxième mode de réalisation qui constitue le mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif de stabilisation.Figures 7a and 7b show in cross section along BB said alternative embodiment of the device respectively in the inactive position and in the active position. Figures 8 to 9b illustrate a variant of the second embodiment which constitutes the preferred embodiment of the stabilization device.
La figure 8 illustre en perspective ce mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif de stabilisation.FIG. 8 illustrates in perspective this preferred embodiment of the stabilization device.
Les figures 9a, 9b illustrent respectivement en coupe selon AA la position inactive des volets pivotants et deux positions actives différentes.Figures 9a, 9b respectively illustrate in section along AA the inactive position of the pivoting flaps and two different active positions.
Les figures 10a à 13 illustrent un troisième mode de réalisation et ses variantes.Figures 10a to 13 illustrate a third embodiment and its variants.
La figure 10a illustre en coupe transversale selon CC un mode d'exécution du dispositif en position inactive.FIG. 10a illustrates in cross section along CC an embodiment of the device in the inactive position.
La figure 10b illustre en position inactive, dans une vue similaire à la figure 10a, la variante d'exécution préférée du troisième mode de réalisation.FIG. 10b illustrates in the inactive position, in a view similar to FIG. 10a, the preferred alternative embodiment of the third embodiment.
La figure lia illustre schématiquement en vue latérale cette variante préférée dans plusieurs positions.Figure 11a schematically illustrates in side view this preferred variant in several positions.
La figure 11b illustre dans une vue similaire à la figure lia une variante du troisième mode de réalisation où les axes de pivotement sont décalés.Figure 11b illustrates in a view similar to Figure 11a a variant of the third embodiment where the pivot axes are offset.
La figure 12 représente en coupe transversale selon CC une autre variante du troisième mode de réalisation.Figure 12 shows in cross section along CC another variant of the third embodiment.
La figure 13 représente en coupe transversale selon CC un bateau équipé d'organes latéraux de flottaison et d'une combinaison des différents modes de réalisation du dispositif.Figure 13 shows in cross section along CC a boat equipped with lateral flotation members and a combination of the various embodiments of the device.
Le dispositif de stabilisation portant la référence générale (1) est destiné à être disposé sur des bateaux à voiles (2) tels que des bateaux de plaisance ou des voiliers de compétition, mais il pourrait également être utilisé sur des voiliers de plus faible taille tels que des dériveurs, par exemple. Ce dispositif comporte des moyens de stabilisation constitués par au moins un organe mobile de stabilisation (4) disposé sur la quille du voilier (2). Notons que dans le cas des dériveurs, un tel dispositif peut équiper la dérive de ceux-ci afin d'améliorer leur stabilité.The stabilization device bearing the general reference (1) is intended to be placed on sailboats (2) such as pleasure boats or competition sailboats, but it could also be used on smaller sailboats such than dinghies, for example. This device comprises stabilization means constituted by at least one mobile stabilization member (4) disposed on the keel of the sailboat (2). Note that in the case of dinghies, such a device can equip the drift thereof in order to improve their stability.
Le ou les organe(s) mobile(s) de stabilisation (OM) sont munis chacun d'au moins une surface portante (SP) destinée à être positionnée dans la direction (F) du flux hydraulique occasionné par le déplacement du bateau dans l'eau afin d'utiliser ce flux pour créer un appui dont la résultante permet d'empêcher ou de réduire la gîte du bateau.The movable stabilization member (s) (OM) are each provided with at least one bearing surface (SP) intended to be positioned in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow caused by the movement of the boat in the water in order to use this flow to create a support, the result of which makes it possible to prevent or reduce the heeling of the boat.
Selon l'invention, l'organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) est destiné à équiper la quille (3) du bateau (2) de manière à être mobile par rapport à celle-ci entre une position inactive (A) où sa surface portante (SP) est escamotée par rapport au flux hydraulique (F) engendré par le déplacement du bateau laissant ainsi le bateau (2) s'incliner sous la pression exercée par le vent dans ses voiles (6a, 6b), et au moins une position active (Bl, B2) où sa surface portante (SP) est disposée dans la direction (F) du flux hydraulique de manière à subir l'appui de l'eau.According to the invention, the mobile stabilization member (OM) is intended to equip the keel (3) of the boat (2) so as to be movable relative to the latter between an inactive position (A) where its bearing surface (SP) is retracted with respect to the hydraulic flow (F) generated by the movement of the boat thus leaving the boat (2) to tilt under the pressure exerted by the wind in its sails (6a, 6b), and at least one position active (Bl, B2) where its bearing surface (SP) is arranged in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow so as to undergo the support of water.
Selon l'invention, le ou les organe(s) mobile(s) de stabilisation (OM) est (sont) commandé(s) par des moyens de commande (MC) destinés à permettre son (leurs) passage(s) d'une position inactive vers une position active et inversement. Selon les différents modes de réalisation de l'invention, ledit passage s'effectue avantageusement par pivotement de la ou des surface(s) portante(s) (SP) autour d'un axe de pivotement (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) sous l'impulsion des moyens de commande (MC). Le ou les axe(s) de pivotement (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) peuvent être avantageusement soit situé(s) dans le plan longitudinal de symétrie générale (P) du bateau (2) correspondant au plan de la quille (3), ou dans des plans orthogonaux audit plan (P) et sensiblement horizontaux de manière à ce que dans leurs positions inactives respectives, la ou les surface(s) portante(s) (SP) soi(en)t située(s) dans un plan parallèle à la direction du flux hydraulique et qu'après pivotement, ladite (lesdites) surface(s) se positionne(nt) de manière à ne plus être située(s) dans un plan parallèle à la direction dudit flux et donc à couper ledit flux.According to the invention, the mobile stabilization member (s) (OM) is (are) controlled by control means (MC) intended to allow its passage (s) from an inactive position to an active position and vice versa. According to the different embodiments of the invention, said passage is advantageously effected by pivoting of the bearing surface (s) (SP) around a pivot axis (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) driven by the control means (MC). The pivot axis (s) (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) may advantageously be either located in the longitudinal plane of general symmetry (P) of the boat (2) corresponding to the plane of the keel (3) , or in planes orthogonal to said plane (P) and substantially horizontal so that in their respective inactive positions, the bearing surface (s) (SP) is (are) located in a plane parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow and that after pivoting, said surface (s) is positioned so that they are no longer located in a plane parallel to the direction of said flow and therefore cut said flow.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation du dispositif de stabilisation (1) selon l'invention, illustré figures 1 à 3c, les moyens de stabilisation sont constitués par un seul organe mobile (OM). Celui-ci, lorsqu'il se trouve en position inactive (A), forme le prolongement inférieur (4) de la quille (3), tel qu'illustré figure 3a, et peut pivoter autour d'un axe sensiblement vertical (XX1) contenu dans le plan longitudinal (P) de symétrie générale du bateau (2) comme le montrent les figures 1 et 2. Le prolongement inférieur de quille (4) est ainsi mobile en pivotement par rapport au plan longitudinal (P) et donc à la quille (3) de manière à pouvoir former un angle non nul avec ledit plan (P) lorsqu'il se trouve dans une de ses positions actives (Bl, B2) comme le montrent les figures 3b et 3c. Le dispositif (1) comporte par ailleurs des moyens de blocage en position de l'organe mobile afin de pouvoir maintenir rigidement ledit organe dans la position désirée active ou inactive.According to a first embodiment of the stabilization device (1) according to the invention, illustrated in Figures 1 to 3c, the stabilization means are constituted by a single movable member (OM). This one, when it is in the inactive position (A), forms the lower extension (4) of the keel (3), as illustrated in FIG. 3a, and can pivot around a substantially vertical axis (XX 1 ) contained in the longitudinal plane (P) of general symmetry of the boat (2) as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The lower keel extension (4) is thus pivotally movable relative to the longitudinal plane (P) and therefore to the keel (3 ) so as to be able to form a non-zero angle with said plane (P) when it is in one of its active positions (B1, B2) as shown in FIGS. 3b and 3c. The device (1) furthermore comprises means for locking in position the movable member so as to be able to rigidly maintain said member in the desired active or inactive position.
Selon ce premier mode de réalisation, l'organe mobile (OM) possède dans un plan transversal un profil de forme effilée identique à celui de la quille (3) de manière à pouvoir former son prolongement. Ainsi, ses deux parois latérales (5a, 5b) prolongent les parois latérales (3a, 3b) de la quille (3) lorsqu'il est en position inactive. Lesdites parois latérales (5a, 5b) relient le bord d'attaque (7a) au bord de fuite (7b) de l'organe mobile de stabilisation (OM). Elles possèdent un profil très légèrement bombé que l'on peut considérer comme parallèle au plan (P) et donc également parallèle à la direction (F) du flux hydraulique lorsqu'elles sont en position inactive. Ainsi, l'écoulement de l'eau s'effectue parallèlement le long desdites parois de manière connue en soi, comme le long de la quille, lorsque l'organe mobile est en position inactive. Lors de son pivotement, l'organe mobile (OM) présente une de ses parois latérales (5a, 5b) dans la direction du flux hydraulique avec une incidence permettant l'obtention d'un appui sur ladite face latérale (5a, 5b) qui constitue ainsi sa surface portante (SP). L'appui, du à l'écoulement autour de l'organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) engendré par le déplacement du bateau, provoque l'apparition d'un mouvement de rappel ayant tendance à diminuer l'effet de gîte du bateau (2), c'est-à-dire à ramener la quille (3) ou le plan (P) qui lui est lié dans un plan vertical du repère galiléen lié à l'étendue d'eau.According to this first embodiment, the movable member (OM) has in a transverse plane a profile of tapered shape identical to that of the keel (3) so as to be able to form its extension. Thus, its two side walls (5a, 5b) extend the side walls (3a, 3b) of the keel (3) when it is in the inactive position. Said side walls (5a, 5b) connect the leading edge (7a) to the trailing edge (7b) of the mobile stabilization member (OM). They have a very slightly convex profile which can be considered as parallel to the plane (P) and therefore also parallel to the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow when they are in the inactive position. Thus, the flow of water takes place parallel along said walls in a manner known per se, as along the keel, when the movable member is in the inactive position. During its pivoting, the movable member (OM) has one of its side walls (5a, 5b) in the direction of the hydraulic flow with an incidence allowing a support to be obtained on said lateral face (5a, 5b) which thus constitutes its bearing surface (SP). The support, due to the flow around the mobile stabilization member (OM) generated by the movement of the boat, causes the appearance of a return movement tending to reduce the effect of the boat heeling (2 ), that is to say to bring the keel (3) or the plane (P) which is linked to it in a vertical plane of the Galilean frame of reference linked to the body of water.
Selon ce premier mode de réalisation, les moyens de commandeAccording to this first embodiment, the control means
(MC) peuvent être constitués par un dispositif mécanique de type connu en soi, l'organe mobile (OM) étant porté par un axe de pivotement (8) sensiblement vertical situé dans le plan (P) et dont le pivotement peut être obtenu et géré par un système motorisé à commande manuelle. Cependant, selon un perfectionnement, les moyens de commande (MC) pourraient être constitués par une unité de commande informatisée permettant de prendre en compte les différents paramètres physiques liés à l'environnement et au déplacement du bateau tels que l'angle de gîte du bateau, sa vitesse, l'agitation de la mer et la force du vent, par exemple, afin de pouvoir déterminer l'angle d'orientation α entre la surface portante (SP) de l'organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) et le plan (P) de la quille en optimisant au maximum le compromis entre angle de gîte et vitesse.(MC) can be constituted by a mechanical device of a type known per se, the movable member (OM) being carried by a pivot axis (8) substantially vertical located in the plane (P) and whose pivoting can be obtained and managed by a motorized system with manual control. However, according to an improvement, the control means (MC) could be constituted by a computerized control unit making it possible to take into account the different physical parameters linked to the environment and to the movement of the boat such as the angle of heel of the boat. , its speed, the agitation of the sea and the force of the wind, for example, in order to be able to determine the orientation angle α between the bearing surface (SP) of the mobile stabilization member (OM) and the plane (P) of the keel, maximizing the compromise between heeling angle and speed.
Notons également que l'organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) peut comporter sur ses faces latérales (5a, 5b) destinées à constituer la surface portante (SP) des capteurs de pression destinés à mesurer l'appui obtenu grâce au fluide. Ainsi, l'unité de commande peut également prendre en compte cette valeur de l'appui pour modifier ou non l'inclinaison α de la surface portante de l'organe mobile.Note also that the mobile stabilization member (OM) may comprise on its lateral faces (5a, 5b) intended to constitute the bearing surface (SP) of the pressure sensors intended to measure the support obtained by means of the fluid. Thus, the control unit can also take this value of the support into account to modify or not the inclination α of the bearing surface of the movable member.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation du dispositif de stabilisation (1) illustré figures 4, 5a et 5b, les moyens de stabilisation sont constitués par un organe mobile (OM) tel qu'un volet pivotant (9) disposé dans la partie centrale de la quille (3). Le volet pivotant (9) est articulé de manière pivotante autour d'un axe (8) disposé sensiblement selon l'axe vertical (XX1) du plan (P). Il est avantageusement de forme rectangulaire dans sa section longitudinale selon le plan (P) et est articulé autour d'une médiatrice dudit rectangle. Le volet (9) est ainsi disposé dans un orifice (11) de forme rectangulaire identique s'étendant entre les parois latérales (3a, 3b) de la quille (3) et situé dans la partie centrale de celle-ci.According to a second embodiment of the stabilization device (1) illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5a and 5b, the stabilization means are constituted by a movable member (OM) such as a pivoting flap (9) disposed in the central part of the keel (3). The pivoting flap (9) is pivotally articulated about an axis (8) arranged substantially along the vertical axis (XX 1 ) of the plane (P). It is advantageously rectangular in its longitudinal section along the plane (P) and is articulated around a perpendicular bisector of said rectangle. The flap (9) is thus disposed in an orifice (11) of identical rectangular shape extending between the side walls (3a, 3b) of the keel (3) and located in the central part thereof.
Selon ce deuxième mode de réalisation, le volet mobile (9) présente lors de son pivotement une de ses faces latérales (9a, 9b) dans la direction (F) du flux hydraulique de manière à obtenir en modifiant l'écoulement un appui destiné à créer un moment de rappel tendant à redresser le bateau. O 99/01340According to this second embodiment, the movable flap (9) has, during its pivoting, one of its lateral faces (9a, 9b) in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow so as to obtain, by modifying the flow, a support intended for create a reminder moment to straighten the boat. O 99/01340
Selon une variante de ce deuxième mode de réalisation, les moyens de stabilisation comportent plusieurs volets pivotants constituant chacun un organe mobile de stabilisation (OM). Ainsi, selon la variante illustrée figures 6, 7a et 7b, le dispositif comporte trois volets pivotants (10a, 10b, 10c) articulés selon des axes (8a, 8b, 8c) parallèles entre eux et sensiblement verticaux. Lesdits volets sont rectangulaires et identiques et pivotent chacun selon une de leurs médiatrices, qui est disposée sensiblement verticale. Ils sont disposés dans le prolongement les uns des autres lorsqu'ils sont en position inactive et remplissent intégralement un orifice (11) du type de celui décrit dans le deuxième mode de réalisation, de manière à s'intégrer parfaitement dans la quille (3).According to a variant of this second embodiment, the stabilization means comprise several pivoting flaps each constituting a mobile stabilization member (OM). Thus, according to the variant illustrated in Figures 6, 7a and 7b, the device comprises three pivoting flaps (10a, 10b, 10c) articulated along axes (8a, 8b, 8c) parallel to each other and substantially vertical. Said flaps are rectangular and identical and each pivot according to one of their perpendicular bisectors, which is arranged substantially vertical. They are arranged in the extension of each other when they are in the inactive position and completely fill an orifice (11) of the type described in the second embodiment, so as to integrate perfectly into the keel (3) .
Selon cette variante, le pivotement desdits volets autour de leurs axes respectifs (8a, 8b, 8c) destiné à présenter une de leurs faces latérales (21a, 21b) dans la direction (F) du flux hydraulique s'effectue simultanément grâce à des moyens de commande tels qu'un dispositif mécanique, par exemple, destiné à gérer l'angle de pivotement de chacun des volets mobiles (10a, 10b, 10c). Il va de soi que l'angle donné à chacun des volets dans une position active peut être identique mais il pourrait également être différent en fonction de la position du volet proche ou éloignée du bord d'attaque de la quille. Par ailleurs, le pivotement des volets pourrait également être géré par les moyens de commande de manière non simultanée et permettre ainsi de ne faire pivoter qu'un seul desdits volets (10a, 10b, 10c) lorsque cela est suffisant pour redresser le bateau (2).According to this variant, the pivoting of said flaps around their respective axes (8a, 8b, 8c) intended to present one of their lateral faces (21a, 21b) in the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow is effected simultaneously by means control such as a mechanical device, for example, intended to manage the pivoting angle of each of the movable flaps (10a, 10b, 10c). It goes without saying that the angle given to each of the flaps in an active position can be identical but it could also be different depending on the position of the flap close to or far from the leading edge of the keel. Furthermore, the pivoting of the flaps could also be managed by the control means in a non-simultaneous manner and thus make it possible to pivot only one of said flaps (10a, 10b, 10c) when this is sufficient to straighten the boat (2 ).
Notons que, selon ce deuxième mode de réalisation et ses variantes d'exécution à plusieurs volets pivotants, les moyens de commande peuvent également comporter une unité informatisée permettant de prendre en compte les différents paramètres de la navigation liés notamment au bateau, à son fonctionnement ou à son environnement, ainsi que des capteurs de pression, de manière à calculer l'angle ou les angles de ou des organe(s) mobile(s) de stabilisation (OM) de la position active optimum du dispositif de stabilisation. Notons également que lesdits moyens de commande sont de manière connue en soi du type permettant un réglage continu de l'angle d'inclinaison des surfaces portantes, leur conférant ainsi un nombre illimité de positions actives possibles ; cependant, le réglage pourrait être également du type pas à pas, de façon à ce que l'organe mobile de stabilisation ne puisse prendre qu'un nombre déterminé de positions différentes, sans pour autant sortir du champ de protection de l'invention.It should be noted that, according to this second embodiment and its variant embodiments with several pivoting flaps, the control means may also include a computerized unit making it possible to take into account the various navigation parameters linked in particular to the boat, its operation or to its environment, as well as pressure sensors, so as to calculate the angle or angles of the mobile stabilization organ (s) (OM) of the optimum active position of the stabilization device. It should also be noted that said control means are in a manner known per se of the type allowing continuous adjustment of the angle of inclination of the bearing surfaces, thereby giving them an unlimited number of positions. possible active; however, the adjustment could also be of the step-by-step type, so that the mobile stabilization member can only take on a determined number of different positions, without however departing from the protective field of the invention.
Selon une variante de ce deuxième mode de réalisation qui constitue l'un des modes de réalisation préféré du dispositif de stabilisation, les organes mobiles de stabilisation sont constitués par deux volets pivotants (10a, 10b) disposés dans un orifice ou une fenêtre (11) située dans la partie centrale de la quille (3). Ces volets sont articulés autour de deux axes de pivotement (8a, 8b) respectifs sensiblement verticaux contenus dans le plan longitudinal de symétrie (P) du bateau (2). Ces volets sont disposés dans la fenêtre (11) à la même hauteur dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre de manière à obturer la fenêtre lorsqu'ils se trouvent en position inactive. De cette manière, le dispositif comporte un volet avant (10a) situé à l'avant de la fenêtre (11) et avantageusement articulé selon un axe (8a) situé sensiblement le long du bord avant (lia) de ladite fenêtre et un volet arrière situé à l'arrière et articulé selon un axe (8b) disposé le long du bord arrière de ladite fenêtre comme le montre les figures 8, 9a, 9b.According to a variant of this second embodiment which constitutes one of the preferred embodiments of the stabilization device, the mobile stabilization members are constituted by two pivoting flaps (10a, 10b) arranged in an orifice or a window (11) located in the central part of the keel (3). These flaps are articulated around two respective pivot axes (8a, 8b) substantially vertical contained in the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) of the boat (2). These shutters are arranged in the window (11) at the same height in the extension of one another so as to close the window when they are in the inactive position. In this way, the device comprises a front flap (10a) located at the front of the window (11) and advantageously articulated along an axis (8a) located substantially along the front edge (lia) of said window and a rear flap located at the rear and articulated along an axis (8b) disposed along the rear edge of said window as shown in Figures 8, 9a, 9b.
Selon ce mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif de stabilisation, les deux volets (10a, 10b) sont destinés à pivoter dans le même sens de rotation lorsqu'ils passent vers une position active de manière à pivoter de part et d'autre du plan longitudinal de symétrie (P) avec lequel ils forment un angle avantageusement identique β comme le montrent les figures 9a et 9b, les volets avant et arrières (10a, 10b) étant ainsi avantageusement parallèles. Il va de soi que l'angle que chacun des volets forme avec le plan de symétrie (P) pourrait être différent dans une même position active, les volets n'étant plus de ce fait parallèles, sans pour autant sortir du champs de protection de l'invention. Notons comme le montre les figures 9b et 9c que chacun des volets peut pivoter dans les deux sens de rotation afin de pouvoir s'orienter d'un coté ou de l'autre par rapport au plan de symétrie (P) en fonction du sens dans lequel gîte le bateau Selon ce mode de réalisation préféré, la longueur du volet avant (10a) est différente de la longueur du volet arrière (10b). Elle peut avantageusement être inférieure à celle-ci comme le montre les figures 9a à 9b, toutefois ces longueurs pourraient être identique ou la longueur du volet avant supérieure à celle du volet arrière sans pour autant sortir du champs de protection de l'invention. Il est important de noter que le positionnement des axes de pivotement (8a, 8b) aux extrémités avant et arrière respectivement des volets avants (10a) et arrière (10b) permet lors du positionnement des volets en position active de dévier le flux hydraulique (F) en opposant à celui-ci une face latérale de chacun desdits volets en créant ainsi le moment de rappel destiné à compenser la gîte du bateau (2). Notons que le flux hydraulique est alors détourné de manière à traverser la quille (3) du bateau (2) par l'orifice ou fenêtre (11) que le pivotement des volets (10a, 10b) a permis d'ouvrir.According to this preferred embodiment of the stabilization device, the two flaps (10a, 10b) are intended to pivot in the same direction of rotation when they pass to an active position so as to pivot on either side of the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) with which they form an advantageously identical angle β as shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b, the front and rear flaps (10a, 10b) thus being advantageously parallel. It goes without saying that the angle that each of the flaps forms with the plane of symmetry (P) could be different in the same active position, the flaps therefore no longer being parallel, without however leaving the protective field of the invention. Note as shown in FIGS. 9b and 9c that each of the flaps can pivot in both directions of rotation in order to be able to orient themselves on one side or the other with respect to the plane of symmetry (P) as a function of the direction in which cottage the boat According to this preferred embodiment, the length of the front flap (10a) is different from the length of the rear flap (10b). It can advantageously be less than this as shown in Figures 9a to 9b, however these lengths could be the same or the length of the front flap greater than that of the rear flap without departing from the scope of the invention. It is important to note that the positioning of the pivot axes (8a, 8b) at the front and rear ends of the front flaps (10a) and rear (10b) respectively allows during the positioning of the flaps in the active position to divert the hydraulic flow (F ) by opposing it with a lateral face of each of said flaps, thereby creating the return moment intended to compensate for the heeling of the boat (2). Note that the hydraulic flow is then diverted so as to pass through the keel (3) of the boat (2) through the orifice or window (11) that the pivoting of the flaps (10a, 10b) has made it possible to open.
Selon une variante non représentée de ce deuxième mode de réalisation du dispositif de stabilisation, les organes mobiles de stabilisation peuvent être constitués par des volets latéraux disposés symétriquement autour de la quille, mais qui ne sont plus situés dans un orifice de ladite quille. Ces volets sont ainsi disposés contre les parois latérales de celle-ci en position inactive puis pivotent vers leur position active en formant un angle non nul ouvert vers l'arrière avec les parois latérales de ladite quille.According to a variant not shown of this second embodiment of the stabilization device, the mobile stabilization members may be constituted by side flaps arranged symmetrically around the keel, but which are no longer located in an orifice of said keel. These flaps are thus arranged against the side walls of the latter in the inactive position and then pivot towards their active position by forming a non-zero angle open towards the rear with the side walls of said keel.
Selon un troisième mode de réalisation et ses variantes illustrées figures 10a à 13, les organes mobiles de stabilisation (OM) sont constitués par au moins deux volets pivotants (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) que l'on peut également appeler plus communément « foils », lesdits volets (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) étant disposés symétriquement de part et d'autre de la quille (3) de manière à s'étendre depuis ses parois latérales (3a, 3b) vers l'extérieur du bateau (2) dans des plans (Ql, Q2, H, Hl, H2) sécants avec le plan longitudinal de symétrie (P) et parallèles à la direction (F) du flux hydraulique. Lesdits volets pivotants (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) présentent dans leur position inactive leurs bords d'attaque (13) respectifs dans le flux hydraulique, et l'écoulement s'effectue ainsi le long de leurs parois inférieure et supérieure (14a, 14b) avantageusement situées dans des plans parallèles à la direction du flux hydraulique (F). Selon la variante préférée du troisième mode de réalisation, les deux volets pivotants (12a, 12b) sont de forme effilée et pourraient dans leur position inactive être disposés dans un plan (H) orthogonal au plan (P) de la quille, comme le montre la figure 10b. Cependant, ils pourraient également, selon une variante d'exécution de ce troisième mode de réalisation, être disposés respectivement dans deux plans (Ql, Q2) légèrement inclinés formant chacun, dans un plan transversal tel qu'illustré figure 10a, un angle σ avec ledit plan (H) sans pour autant sortir du champ de protection de l'invention. Les volets pivotants (12a, 12b) sont respectivement montés pivotants autour d'axes transversaux (16) disposés à l'extrémité avant desdits volets avantageusement le long de leurs bords d'attaque respectifs (13).According to a third embodiment and its variants illustrated in FIGS. 10a to 13, the mobile stabilization members (OM) consist of at least two pivoting flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) which can also be more commonly called " foils ”, said flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) being arranged symmetrically on either side of the keel (3) so as to extend from its side walls (3a, 3b) towards the outside of the boat (2) in planes (Ql, Q2, H, Hl, H2) intersecting with the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) and parallel to the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow. Said pivoting flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) have in their inactive position their respective leading edges (13) in the hydraulic flow, and the flow takes place along their lower and upper walls (14a, 14b) advantageously situated in planes parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow (F). According to the preferred variant of the third embodiment, the two pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) are of tapered shape and could in their inactive position be arranged in a plane (H) orthogonal to the plane (P) of the keel, as shown Figure 10b. However, they could also, according to an alternative embodiment of this third embodiment, be arranged respectively in two planes (Ql, Q2) slightly inclined, each forming, in a transverse plane as illustrated in FIG. 10a, an angle σ with said plane (H) without departing from the protective field of the invention. The pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) are respectively pivotally mounted around transverse axes (16) arranged at the front end of said flaps advantageously along their respective leading edges (13).
Selon ce troisième mode de réalisation, les moyens de commande sont constitués par un dispositif mécanique de type connu en soi destiné à positionner les volets pivotants (12a, 12b) dans une de leurs positions actives (Bl, B2) illustrées schématiquement en pointillé figure lia en les faisant pivoter autour de leur axe (16) respectif et en les bloquant dans une position déterminée grâce à des moyens de blocage, ledit système mécanique pouvant être géré par une unité de commande informatisée de manière automatique, par exemple, ou par un dispositif manuel. Notons que lesdits volets pourraient être articulés selon des axes disposés dans la zone centrale desdits volets comme le montre une variante illustrée figure 11b, par exemple, ou le long de leurs bords de fuite (15), sans pour autant sortir du champ de protection de l'invention. De même, comme le montre la figure 12, le dispositif de stabilisation pourrait comporter plusieurs volets pivotants (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) sur une même paroi latérale (3a, 3b) de la quille (3) et être couplé avec un autre organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) tel qu'un prolongement inférieur de quille (4) du type de celui décrit précédemment.According to this third embodiment, the control means are constituted by a mechanical device of a type known per se intended to position the pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) in one of their active positions (B1, B2) illustrated diagrammatically in dotted lines in figure lia by rotating them around their respective axis (16) and blocking them in a determined position by means of blocking means, said mechanical system being able to be managed by a computerized control unit automatically, for example, or by a device manual. It should be noted that said flaps could be articulated along axes arranged in the central zone of said flaps as shown in a variant illustrated in FIG. 11b, for example, or along their trailing edges (15), without however leaving the protective field of the invention. Likewise, as shown in FIG. 12, the stabilization device could comprise several pivoting flaps (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) on the same side wall (3a, 3b) of the keel (3) and be coupled with another movable stabilization member (OM) such as a lower keel extension (4) of the type described above.
Par ailleurs, selon une variante d'exécution illustrée figure 13 où le dispositif présente une combinaison d'organe mobile de stabilisation tels que ceux décrits dans les différents modes de réalisation précédents, les moyens de stabilisation comportent des organes latéraux de flottaison (17a, 17b) destinés à réduire également la gîte du bateau, notamment à faible vitesse ou à l'arrêt. Lesdits organes latéraux sont avantageusement constitués par deux flotteurs (17a, 17b) mobiles entre une position active, où ils sont positionnés latéralement au contact de l'eau, et une position inactive, où ils ne sont plus en contact avec l'eau.Furthermore, according to an alternative embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13 where the device has a combination of mobile stabilization member such as those described in the various previous embodiments, the stabilization means comprise lateral flotation members (17a, 17b ) also intended to reduce the heeling of the boat, especially at low speed or when stationary. Said lateral members are advantageously constituted by two floats (17a, 17b) movable between an active position, where they are positioned laterally in contact with water, and an inactive position, where they are no longer in contact with water.
Selon le mode de réalisation préféré, les flotteurs (17a 17b) sont montés sur des bras articulés (18a, 18b) de manière à permettre leur passage de la position active vers la position inactive, et inversement. L'articulation desdits bras s'effectue longitudinalement autour de deux axes longitudinaux parallèles (19a, 19b) et des moyens de blocage sont prévus afin de maintenir les bras et les flotteurs dans une position déterminée, active (B) ou inactive (A) telle qu'illustrée figure 13. On peut, par ailleurs, prévoir un dispositif élastique de rappel, de manière à ce qu'en position active, l'ensemble bras-flotteur ne soit pas bloqué rigidement en position, mais puisse avoir un degré de liberté limité dans son articulation autour de son axe avec toutefois un couple de rappel tendant à ramener ledit ensemble dans sa position active. Il va de soi que les flotteurs pourraient être positionnés grâce à des systèmes équivalents, sans pour autant sortir du champ de protection revendiqué de l'invention. De plus, ledit positionnement des flotteurs peut être commandé par des moyens de commande complémentaires liés aux moyens de commande gérant le positionnement de l'organe mobile.According to the preferred embodiment, the floats (17a 17b) are mounted on articulated arms (18a, 18b) so as to allow their passage from the active position to the inactive position, and vice versa. The articulation of said arms takes place longitudinally around two parallel longitudinal axes (19a, 19b) and locking means are provided in order to maintain the arms and the floats in a determined position, active (B) or inactive (A) such as illustrated in FIG. 13. It is also possible to provide an elastic return device, so that in the active position, the arm-float assembly is not rigidly locked in position, but may have a degree of freedom limited in its articulation around its axis with, however, a restoring torque tending to return said assembly to its active position. It goes without saying that the floats could be positioned using equivalent systems, without however departing from the claimed protective field of the invention. In addition, said positioning of the floats can be controlled by additional control means linked to the control means managing the positioning of the movable member.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisations décrits et représentés à titre d'exemples, mais elle comprend aussi tous les équivalents techniques ainsi que leurs combinaisons. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown by way of examples, but it also includes all the technical equivalents and their combinations.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) de plan longitudinal de symétrie générale (P) munis d'une quille (3) ou d'une dérive, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de stabilisation constitués par au moins un organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) présentant au moins une surface portante (SP), l'organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) étant disposé sur la quille (3) de façon mobile par rapport à celle-ci entre une position inactive, où sa surface portante (SP) est parallèle à la direction (F) du flux hydraulique du au déplacement du bateau, et au moins une position active où sa surface portante (SP) est disposée dans la direction (F) dudit flux hydraulique.1. Stabilization device (1) for sailboats (2) of longitudinal plane of general symmetry (P) provided with a keel (3) or a fin, characterized in that it comprises stabilization means constituted by at least one mobile stabilization member (OM) having at least one bearing surface (SP), the mobile stabilization member (OM) being disposed on the keel (3) so as to be movable relative to the latter between a position inactive, where its bearing surface (SP) is parallel to the direction (F) of the hydraulic flow due to the displacement of the boat, and at least one active position where its bearing surface (SP) is arranged in the direction (F) of said hydraulic flow .
2. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe mobile de stabilisation (OM) est constitué par au moins un volet pivotant (9, 10a, 10b, 10c) disposé(s) dans la partie centrale de la quille (3) et contenu(s) dans le plan longitudinal (P) lorsqu'il(s) est (sont) en position inactive, le(s) volet(s) mobile(s) étant articulé(s) autour d'un axe de pivotement (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) contenu dans le plan longitudinal (P) de symétrie du bateau (2).2. Stabilization device (1) for sailing boats (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile stabilization member (OM) consists of at least one pivoting flap (9, 10a, 10b, 10c) arranged in the central part of the keel (3) and contained in the longitudinal plane (P) when it (s) is (are) in the inactive position, the movable flap (s) ( s) being articulated (s) around a pivot axis (8, 8a, 8b, 8c) contained in the longitudinal plane (P) of symmetry of the boat (2).
3. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le(s) volet(s) pivotant(s) (9, 10a, 10b, 10c) possède(nt) une forme sensiblement rectangulaire et est (sont) articulé(s) autour d'une médiatrice sensiblement verticale, le(s) volet(s) pivotant(s) étant disposé(s) à l'intérieur d'un orifice (11) situé dans la partie centrale de la quille (3), de manière à pouvoir en position active présenter de part et d'autre de la quille (3), une de ses (leurs) face(s) latérale(s) (9a, 9b, 21a, 21b) dans la direction du flux hydraulique (F).3. Stabilization device (1) for sailing boats (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the pivoting flap (s) (9, 10a, 10b, 10c) has (s) a substantially rectangular in shape and is (are) articulated (s) around a substantially vertical perpendicular bisector, the pivoting flap (s) being disposed inside an orifice (11) located in the central part of the keel (3), so as to be able to present, on either side of the keel (3), one of its (their) lateral face (s) (9a, 9b, 21a, 21b) in the direction of the hydraulic flow (F).
4. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux volets pivotants4. Stabilization device (1) for sailboats (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises two pivoting flaps
(10a, 10b) articulé(s) autour d'axes de pivotement (8a, 8b) contenus dans le plan longitudinal (P) de symétrie du bateau (2), lesdits volets étant disposés dans un orifice (11) ou fenêtre disposée dans la partie centrale de la quille.(10a, 10b) articulated around pivot axes (8a, 8b) contained in the longitudinal plane (P) of symmetry of the boat (2), said flaps being arranged in an orifice (11) or window arranged in the central part of the keel.
5. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'un des volets (10a) est disposé à l'avant de la fenêtre (11) tandis que l'autre volet (10b) est disposé à l'arrière de ladite fenêtre, le volet avant (10a) étant articulé le long du bord avant (lia) de la fenêtre (11) et le volet arrière (10b) étant articulé le long du bord arrière (11b) de ladite fenêtre.5. Stabilization device (1) for sailing boats (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that one of the flaps (10a) is disposed at the front of the window (11) while the other flap (10b) is arranged at the rear of said window, the front flap (10a) being articulated along the front edge (11a) of the window (11) and the rear flap (10b) being articulated along the rear edge ( 11b) of said window.
6. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le pivotement des deux volets (10a, 10b) entre leur position inactive et leur positions actives s'effectue grâce à une rotation respective autour de leurs axes de pivotement (8a, 8b) de même sens .6. Stabilization device (1) for sailboats (2) according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that the pivoting of the two flaps (10a, 10b) between their inactive position and their active positions is effected by to a respective rotation around their pivot axes (8a, 8b) in the same direction.
7. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6 caractérisé en ce que les deux volets pivotants (10a, 10b) sont de longueur différente.7. Stabilization device (1) for sailing boats (2) according to any one of claims 4 to 6 characterized in that the two pivoting flaps (10a, 10b) are of different length.
8. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs organes mobiles de stabilisation (OM) tels que des volets pivotants (12a, 12b) disposés lorsqu'ils sont en position inactive dans des plans (Ql, Q2, H) parallèles à la direction du flux hydraulique (F) et sécants avec le plan longitudinal (P).8. Stabilization device (1) for sailboats (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several mobile stabilization members (OM) such as pivoting flaps (12a, 12b) arranged when in the inactive position in planes (Ql, Q2, H) parallel to the direction of the hydraulic flow (F) and intersecting with the longitudinal plane (P).
9. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voiles (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le passage d'une position active à une position inactive et inversement du (des) organe(s) mobile(s) de stabilisation (OM) est obtenu grâce à des moyens de commande (MC).9. Stabilization device (1) for sailboats (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage from an active position to an inactive position and vice versa of the movable member (s) (s) stabilization (OM) is obtained by means of control (MC).
10. Dispositif de stabilisation (1) pour bateaux à voile (2) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande (MC) comportent une unité de commande informatisée destinée à prendre en compte les paramètres physiques liés à l'environnement du bateau et à son déplacement. 10. Stabilization device (1) for sailing boats (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the control means (MC) comprise a computerized control unit intended to take into account the physical parameters related to the environment of the boat and its displacement.
PCT/FR1998/001388 1997-07-01 1998-06-30 Stabilising device for sailing boat WO1999001340A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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JP50652499A JP2002507171A (en) 1997-07-01 1998-06-30 Sailboat stabilizer
EP98933755A EP0991567A1 (en) 1997-07-01 1998-06-30 Stabilising device for sailing boat
AU83462/98A AU8346298A (en) 1997-07-01 1998-06-30 Stabilising device for sailing boat

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR97/08557 1997-07-01
FR9708557A FR2765549B1 (en) 1997-07-01 1997-07-01 STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR SAILING BOAT

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AU (1) AU8346298A (en)
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AU8346298A (en) 1999-01-25
JP2002507171A (en) 2002-03-05
EP0991567A1 (en) 2000-04-12
FR2765549A1 (en) 1999-01-08

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