WO1998056069A1 - Antenne reseau adaptable - Google Patents

Antenne reseau adaptable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998056069A1
WO1998056069A1 PCT/JP1998/002408 JP9802408W WO9856069A1 WO 1998056069 A1 WO1998056069 A1 WO 1998056069A1 JP 9802408 W JP9802408 W JP 9802408W WO 9856069 A1 WO9856069 A1 WO 9856069A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
beam width
array antenna
adaptive array
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1998/002408
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Taisuke Ihara
Ryo Yamaguchi
Original Assignee
Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. filed Critical Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc.
Priority to CA 2247349 priority Critical patent/CA2247349C/fr
Priority to US09/125,734 priority patent/US6512934B2/en
Priority to KR1019980706811A priority patent/KR100306466B1/ko
Priority to EP98923064A priority patent/EP0923155A4/fr
Publication of WO1998056069A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998056069A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling

Definitions

  • the present invention is used for a base station in mobile communication such as a car phone or a mobile phone, and is an array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in an angle range within a horizontal plane, a so-called sector area, and a plurality of antenna elements, and
  • the present invention relates to an adaptive array antenna device to which an adaptive processor that adaptively suppresses an interference wave is connected.
  • the cellular system uses the limited frequency effectively, and the base station at a long distance uses the same frequency to increase the subscriber capacity.
  • interference noise due to the same frequency becomes a problem when the frequency is used repeatedly.
  • the subscriber capacity decreases when the interference noise increases.
  • An adaptive array antenna uses a plurality of antennas (array antennas) that are spatially separated to form a null beam (no sensitivity) in the interference wave direction and a directivity having a narrow beam in the desired wave direction. Is adaptively formed to suppress the interference noise level.
  • the omni-directional ie, (Omni-directional: omni-directional)
  • the element uses an element, and there is almost no use of a directional antenna for the radiation directivity of the individual antenna elements constituting the antenna.
  • the directional antenna element There was no idea to use an adaptive array antenna using.
  • a directional antenna suitable for the sector shape is required.
  • base station antennas whose directivity in the horizontal plane has a half-power width (hereinafter referred to as a beam width) equal to the sector angle have been used. That is, in a 120 ° sector (3 sectors), the beam width is 120.
  • Antennas were usually used.
  • a study on applying directional antennas to conventional base station adaptive array antennas (Ryo Yamaguchi, Yoshio Ebine
  • the optimal antenna configuration method was hardly clarified.
  • the antenna configuration has not been clarified in an environment where a large number of interfering waves arrive from all directions, such as a system using CDMA as a wireless access method.
  • the present invention provides a mobile communication base station adaptive array antenna device using a CDMA system as a wireless access system,
  • a service area in a sector is configured by using an antenna element constituting an array antenna whose beam width in a horizontal plane is smaller than a sector angle.
  • the service area can be configured by increasing the number of antenna elements required (referred to as a reference number).
  • an antenna whose beam width in the horizontal plane of the antenna element is wider than the sector angle is used as the element.
  • the service area can be configured by reducing the number of antenna elements from the number of reference elements.
  • Figure 1 shows the directivity of the antenna used in computer simulation.
  • Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the array antenna elements and the coordinate system for a four-element array antenna.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a computer simulation result of an error rate characteristic of a received signal when an angle of a desired station is changed using a beam width of an array antenna as a parameter.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a computer simulation result of an error rate characteristic of a received signal when an angle of a desired station is changed using the number of elements of an array antenna as a parameter.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between an element beam width, a sector angle, and the number of array elements.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a sector configuration according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a first embodiment in which a dipole antenna is used as an antenna element.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a first embodiment when a patch antenna is used as an antenna element.
  • FIG. 1 () is a diagram showing a sector configuration according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of an array antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the results of computer simulation of directional characteristics when a directional antenna is applied to an adaptive array antenna base station in a CDMA mobile communication system will be described.
  • the error rate characteristics of the received signal are shown for the case where the position of the mobile station, the directivity of the antenna elements constituting the array antenna, and the number of antenna elements constituting the array are changed.
  • the antenna configuration (antenna directivity, the number of array elements) with respect to the angle is shown, that is, the present invention can be obtained.
  • Figure 1 shows the horizontal directivity of the antenna element used in the simulation. Horizontal axis angle normalized by the beam width B w, the vertical axis represents the relative gain obtained by normalizing the relative gain at the peak power. Peak gain is set so that the power radiated from the antenna be changed bi one beam width B w is constant, and sidelobe levels was 1 5 d B low levels of peak power. As shown in Fig.
  • a linear array in which a plurality of antenna elements 11 are arranged in a straight line in a horizontal plane, the interval between the antenna elements is a half wavelength interval, and the main elements of each antenna element 11 in the array antenna
  • Figure 3 shows an example of the calculation results.
  • the figure shows the error rate characteristics depending on the position of the mobile device.
  • the horizontal axis is the angle seen from the base station antenna of the mobile device (the front direction of the array antenna is 0 °), and the vertical axis is the error rate. . Since the transmission power of the mobile device is controlled, the location dependency of the mobile device does not depend on the distance between the mobile device and the base station, and only the angle dependency needs to be considered.
  • Each curve in the figure shows the characteristics when the beam width Bw of the antenna element 11 is changed from 30 ° to 180 ° in steps of 30 °. In this case, an array antenna of all four elements is used. It is.
  • Adaptive array antennas not only form a null beam in the direction of the interfering station (wave), but also have an excellent characteristic of directing the peak of the beam in the direction of the desired station (wave). However, when a directional antenna element is used, When the direction (that is, the direction of the desired wave) is near the beam width edge, the beam tracking performance deteriorates.
  • the beam width of the antenna element needs to be increased.
  • the beam width of the antenna element since the interference wave comes from all directions, if the beam width of the antenna element is widened, many interference waves will be received, and the received SIR will deteriorate and the error rate characteristics will also deteriorate. For these reasons, the sector angle does not increase even if the antenna element beam width is increased.
  • Fig. 4 shows the error rate characteristics depending on the position of the mobile station, as in Fig. 3.
  • Curves 4a, 4b, and 4c indicate the number of antenna elements that constitute the array (hereinafter, the number of array elements). ) Are 4, 6, and 8, respectively.
  • the beam width of the antenna element is 120 °. From this figure, it can be seen that increasing the number of array elements increases the sector angle even when elements having the same beam width are used.
  • the number of elements constituting the adaptive array antenna is N
  • the number of null beams formed in the interference wave direction is N-1 (this is also called the degree of freedom of the array antenna). Therefore, when the number of array elements is increased, the number of formed null beams increases, the reception S 1 R increases, and the sector angle increases.
  • the condition that the number of interference waves is larger than the number of array elements is considered. Therefore, if the number of array elements is increased, the received SIR is improved in proportion to that, and the sector angle is considered to be wider.
  • Figure 5 shows a graph summarizing these results.
  • the horizontal axis in the element beam width, rate any error in the vertical axis and the angle (sector angle) become 1 0 5 below
  • each curve 5 a, 5 b, 5 c is a number of array elements 4, 6, 8 and This is the characteristic when changed.
  • the straight line 13 is a line where the element beam width and the sector angle match.
  • the element beam width is 90 ° and the sector angle is 90.
  • the number of array elements required is 4, and it can be seen that the number of array elements is almost 6 when the element beam width is 120 ° and the sector angle is 120 °.
  • the element beam width is set to, for example, 120 °
  • the number of array elements required to obtain the same sector angle of 120 ° is almost 6, and if the number of array elements is larger than this, for example, 8
  • the sector angle is approximately 135 °, which means that the element beam width is 120. If the number of array elements is reduced from six to four, the sector angle becomes approximately 85 °, which is smaller than the element beam width of 120 °.
  • Regions # 1) and (2) indicate that if the element beam width is wider than the sector angle, the number of array elements per sector can be reduced (region # 2).
  • FIG. 6 and 7 show the first embodiment of the present invention based on the above examination results.
  • Figure 6 shows the sector configuration. One cell is divided into three 120 ° sectors (Sector # S1, Sector # S2, and Sector # S3), and an adaptive array antenna is assigned to each sector.
  • the applied base station antenna device is arranged.
  • Figure 7 shows the configuration of a base station antenna device for three sectors.
  • the antenna devices BA 1, BA 2, and BA 3 for each sector are eight-element array antennas composed of eight antenna elements A to AE 8 , arranged at an interval from the reflector 21.
  • Each antenna element AE> ⁇ AE fi is a directional antenna.
  • the horizontal in-plane beam width of the antenna element is smaller than the sector angle 9 (:). It is.
  • the beam width can be set to a desired by adjusting the spacing of the antenna elements AE, a ⁇ AE s and the reflection plate 21.
  • the configuration in FIG. 7 corresponds to region # 1 in FIG.
  • Fig. 8 shows the configuration of an array antenna when a half-wave dipole with a reflector is used as an antenna element.
  • Each of the sector antenna devices BA1, BA2, and BA3 includes a metallic reflector 21 and dipole antennas DA, -DAs arranged in front of the reflector 21.
  • the distance between the surface of the reflecting plate 21 and the dipole antennas DA, -D is, for example, one-fourth of the used wavelength ⁇ .
  • the horizontal beam width of each antenna element is about 120 °. If the distance between the dipole antenna element and the surface of the reflector 21 is made shorter than this, the beam width becomes narrower, and conversely, if the distance is made larger, the beam width becomes wider.
  • Fig. 9 shows the configuration of an array antenna when a patch antenna (microstrip antenna) is used as an antenna element.
  • Antenna includes a dielectric substrate 22 Iro been kicked with metal plate tension on the back surface, the metal patch antenna PA quadrilateral provided spaced apart from each other on the surface thereof, and a ⁇ Roarufa 8 Prefecture. If the size of one side of the patch antenna is set to about a quarter wavelength (more precisely, ⁇ / 4 ⁇ when the permittivity of the dielectric substrate 22 is set), the horizontal plane beam width is about 90 °.
  • a horn antenna can be used as an antenna element, and a desired beam width can be obtained by selecting an opening angle of the horn antenna.
  • FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram showing the sector configuration.
  • One cell is divided into four 90 ° sectors (sector # S1, sector # S2, sector # S3, and sector # S4).
  • a base station antenna device to which an adaptive array antenna is applied is arranged.
  • FIG. 11 shows the configuration of the base station antenna device.
  • Antena device for one sector is four 4 elements ⁇ array antenna composed of the antenna elements AE i to AE 4, each of the antenna elements are directional Antena.
  • the beam width of the antenna element is wider than the sector angle. It is. This configuration corresponds to region # 2 in FIG.
  • the beam width of the elements constituting the adaptive array antenna is wider than the sector angle, and the sector angle of the array / service area is smaller than the beam width, but the number of array elements can be reduced.
  • a dipole antenna similar to that of FIG. 8 or a patch antenna similar to that of FIG. 9 may be used as the antenna element.
  • the present invention even if the beam width of the antenna elements constituting the adaptive array antenna is smaller than the sector angle, a wider area can be set as the service area by increasing the number of array elements. Can be done. Conversely, if an antenna element with a beam width wider than the sector angle is used for the element antenna, the number of array elements can be reduced from that required when an antenna element with an element beam width equal to the sector angle is used. I can do it. From these facts, it is possible to design an optimal antenna configuration for a desired sector configuration in the base station adaptive array antenna for the cdma mobile communication.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une antenne réseau adaptable utilisée dans une station de base d'un système mobile de radiocommunications à accès multiple par code de répartition. Dans cette antenne, une zone de service présentant un angle de secteur plus étroit que la largeur de faisceau élémentaire est réalisée à l'aide d'un nombre d'éléments d'antenne supérieur au nombre (nombre standard) d'éléments nécessaires lors de l'utilisation d'un élément d'antenne directive présentant la même largeur de faisceau que l'angle de secteur, et à l'aide d'un nombre d'éléments d'antenne présentant respectivement une largeur de faisceau supérieure à l'angle de secteur, ce nombre étant inférieur au nombre standard.
PCT/JP1998/002408 1997-06-02 1998-06-01 Antenne reseau adaptable WO1998056069A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2247349 CA2247349C (fr) 1997-06-02 1998-06-01 Unite d'ensemble d'antennes adaptables
US09/125,734 US6512934B2 (en) 1997-06-02 1998-06-01 Adaptive array antenna
KR1019980706811A KR100306466B1 (ko) 1997-06-02 1998-06-01 어댑티브어레이안테나장치
EP98923064A EP0923155A4 (fr) 1997-06-02 1998-06-01 Antenne reseau adaptable

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9/144221 1997-06-02
JP14422197A JP3332329B2 (ja) 1997-06-02 1997-06-02 アダプティブアレーアンテナ装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998056069A1 true WO1998056069A1 (fr) 1998-12-10

Family

ID=15357069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1998/002408 WO1998056069A1 (fr) 1997-06-02 1998-06-01 Antenne reseau adaptable

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0923155A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP3332329B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100306466B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1147025C (fr)
CA (1) CA2247349C (fr)
WO (1) WO1998056069A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100452536B1 (ko) * 2000-10-02 2004-10-12 가부시키가이샤 엔.티.티.도코모 이동통신기지국 장치

Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020041699A (ko) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-03 이노영 셀룰라용 마이크로 스트립 패치 어레이 안테나
RU2233017C1 (ru) * 2002-12-02 2004-07-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Алгоритм" Антенное устройство с управляемой диаграммой направленности и планарная направленная антенна
CN100463376C (zh) * 2002-12-20 2009-02-18 中兴通讯股份有限公司 全自适应智能天线接收装置
JP4241440B2 (ja) * 2004-03-03 2009-03-18 株式会社日立製作所 パケットスケジュール方法及び無線通信装置
CN104716979B (zh) * 2013-12-12 2017-11-21 启碁科技股份有限公司 无线电子装置及无线传输方法
US10651568B2 (en) * 2016-07-19 2020-05-12 Quintel Cayman Limited Base station antenna system with enhanced array spacing
CN110235384B (zh) * 2017-01-06 2022-02-08 天工方案公司 谐波的波束成形

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JPH0832347A (ja) * 1994-07-20 1996-02-02 Nippon Ido Tsushin Kk 移動通信系の基地局用アンテナ装置
JPH0927714A (ja) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-28 N T T Ido Tsushinmo Kk マルチビームアンテナ装置
JPH10174160A (ja) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-26 N T T Ido Tsushinmo Kk アレーアンテナ

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US3273144A (en) * 1963-04-02 1966-09-13 Fishbein William Narrow beam antenna system
US3903524A (en) * 1973-05-25 1975-09-02 Hazeltine Corp Antenna system using variable phase pattern synthesis
US5548813A (en) * 1994-03-24 1996-08-20 Ericsson Inc. Phased array cellular base station and associated methods for enhanced power efficiency
US6006069A (en) * 1994-11-28 1999-12-21 Bosch Telecom Gmbh Point-to-multipoint communications system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0832347A (ja) * 1994-07-20 1996-02-02 Nippon Ido Tsushin Kk 移動通信系の基地局用アンテナ装置
JPH0927714A (ja) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-28 N T T Ido Tsushinmo Kk マルチビームアンテナ装置
JPH10174160A (ja) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-26 N T T Ido Tsushinmo Kk アレーアンテナ

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100452536B1 (ko) * 2000-10-02 2004-10-12 가부시키가이샤 엔.티.티.도코모 이동통신기지국 장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20000064538A (ko) 2000-11-06
CA2247349C (fr) 2002-04-09
JP3332329B2 (ja) 2002-10-07
JPH10335918A (ja) 1998-12-18
EP0923155A4 (fr) 2000-03-22
CA2247349A1 (fr) 1998-12-10
CN1217827A (zh) 1999-05-26
EP0923155A1 (fr) 1999-06-16
KR100306466B1 (ko) 2001-11-02
CN1147025C (zh) 2004-04-21

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