WO1998040704A1 - Volumenmessvorrichtung - Google Patents
Volumenmessvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998040704A1 WO1998040704A1 PCT/CH1998/000073 CH9800073W WO9840704A1 WO 1998040704 A1 WO1998040704 A1 WO 1998040704A1 CH 9800073 W CH9800073 W CH 9800073W WO 9840704 A1 WO9840704 A1 WO 9840704A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- measuring device
- camera
- volume measuring
- item
- volume
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011157 data evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B17/00—Franking apparatus
- G07B17/00459—Details relating to mailpieces in a franking system
- G07B17/00661—Sensing or measuring mailpieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B17/00—Franking apparatus
- G07B17/00459—Details relating to mailpieces in a franking system
- G07B17/00661—Sensing or measuring mailpieces
- G07B2017/00685—Measuring the dimensions of mailpieces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a volume measuring device.
- Devices of this type are suitable for determining the volume of goods whose surface cannot be determined by simple geometric descriptions and / or whose surface has individual structures, e.g. Strapping, strapping, layers of wrapping paper or the like. has or is deformable.
- the device serves primarily, but not exclusively, to determine the volume of post-packets or the like.
- the invention further relates to a self-service post office which is equipped with such a volume measuring device.
- Self-service post offices of this type are known (see, inter alia, WO 92/17861 and EP 643 374). At these post offices, however, it is primarily the weight and not the volume of mail that is used to determine the franking tax. Only the maximum dimensions of the mail item are limited by mechanical means (size of the input opening). Additional light-optical sensors control the positioning of the mail item within the receiving volume and its required te minimum dimensions. In another known system (Zühlke Engineering AG, Schlieren-Zurich, publication No. 66 "Realizing new products and production processes with automation") the thickness is measured with a light barrier line and with an electronic camera the area of the goods to be placed just in the task opening (letter ) determined and converted to the letter volume.
- a Fresnel lens is swiveled in between the camera optics and the goods to be shipped in order to improve the measurement accuracy such that the focal points of the camera optics and the Fresnel lens coincide.
- This solution is expensive, and the measured volume is negatively influenced by various peculiarities specific to the goods being shipped (protruding extremities such as wrapping paper flaps, cords, etc.).
- the transport costs of a good often have to be determined not only by the weight, but also by the volume of the good. It has now been shown that for various reasons (costs, technical effort, impairment of the goods, etc.) the volume measurement is to be carried out by means of non-contact measurement methods (for example optically, with ultrasonic sensors or the like).
- the disadvantage of these measurement methods is that a correct measurement can be adversely affected by the structure and nature of the goods. For example, slightly protruding folded tongues or edge reinforcement strips from wrapping paper lungs or loosely attached straps due to shadows are too large. Commuting goods or goods that do not come to rest during the measurement are also not recorded correctly.
- a self-service post office is to be created, in which all items placed (parcels, thick letters, etc.) are recorded in a repeatable and defined manner with regard to their volume and can then be correctly assessed.
- the device should also be able to be incorporated into the postal acceptance points operated by the customer without great effort in terms of design and operation.
- the device should also offer the possibility of being able to be protected against natural and deliberate impairment / pollution.
- the surface that can be placed on the material for measurement stabilizes the material to be measured and smoothes / conditions the surface of the material that is directly covered by the surface.
- Optimal results are achieved when the contact pressure is in the range of 1 - 10 N. Since most parcels have roughly parallel surface pairs, the material support surface is preferably parallel to the pressure surface.
- the above-mentioned force can of course also keep the contact pressure on packets of different surfaces constant. In this way, large and small packages can be pressed with the same specific load.
- the latter pressing method requires regulation of the pressing force as a function of the package or cross-sectional area.
- the volume measuring device has suitable means for determining this area, even before the plate presses on the package.
- control of the device must be designed in such a way that at the beginning or shortly after the initiation of the volume measurement process, the camera captures a first cross-sectional image of the package and the computer then converts this image into the (approximate) area of the package. Based on this area, the computer then calculates the required contact pressure in order to achieve the desired contact pressure.
- a simple force measuring device for example a strain gauge bridge or another common method, this force can be measured in situ when the plate is placed on the material. The signal determined in this way can be used as an actual value variable in a force control system in the best known manner.
- the dimensions of the good in the three main room axes can be recorded using any measuring devices, for example mechanical buttons, sound sensors or light-optical measuring principles. However, the latter are particularly well suited because they allow precise, non-contact measurement.
- the best results were achieved by an optical digital camera, which on the one hand captures two of the three main dimensions of the goods through the expediently transparent surface. If the camera is located at a fixed distance from the surface, a simplest and inexpensive construction without focusing adjustment can be used.
- the projection image of the good recorded by the camera optics is exposed on a light-sensitive sensor with a large number of individually interrogable pixels. By evaluating the Differences between light and dark of these pixel signals are obtained as an " image of the surface of the estate in terms of area and circumference.
- This image simply has to be converted to the effective cross-sectional area of the estate using a proportional constant and multiplied by the height of the estate to the volume of the estate.
- the height of the estate results from the respective position of the This dimension can in turn be measured in many known ways, for example using a simple sliding contact or a potentiometer connected to the adjustment mechanism of the surface.
- the measurement is also particularly simple using the camera itself a 45-degree mirror is arranged on the surface, which reflects a fixed scale in the optics. This scale is also detected and recorded via the pixels of the photo sensor, so that no light reflections influencing the measurement affect the natural or artificial lighting of the goods a polarization filter is expediently provided in the beam path of the camera.
- polarization-corrected light or a suitable lamp position for reducing or avoiding the reflections on the plate can also be provided.
- either overhead or backlighting are suitable.
- protective layers for example transparent, adhesive cover films or the like is provided.
- the invention is also a self-service post office, in which a volume measuring device with the features essential to the invention is installed.
- the height adjustment bracket of the plate and camera can be coupled indirectly via the closing mechanism of the door closing the loading opening via sensors or directly via mechanical means.
- the goods to be measured in terms of volume such as a parcel (consignment) are placed by the postal customer on a support surface of the self-service post office. By closing the door of the post office, a glass plate is moved onto the goods from above and pressed onto the goods with a certain force. This force is measured in such a way that only singularities of the surface of the estate are pressed against the rest of the estate without this Good to deform noticeably yourself. As a rule, this force is in the range of a few Newtons. If, for example, the goods have a cambered lower contact surface, any rocking movements caused by the introduction are prevented.
- the adjustment mechanism which moves the glass plate downwards, can consist of scissor-like levers, a rope construction or some other mechanism. Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder units are also conceivable. It is only important that they e.g. can be adjusted to a certain desired plate pressure by means of counterweights. The optional use of vibration damping elements or braking devices is also assumed to be known and is therefore not described in more detail here. On a more detailed description of the force application elements b2w mentioned in this section. Dampers and brakes are dispensed with, since they are generally known in mechanics and apparatus engineering and have long been traded and used in various forms.
- a digital camera connected to it via a fixed support is guided downwards with the glass plate. Since the optics of this camera focus on the lower surface of the glass plate, it forms the outer contour of the goods through the glass plate regardless of the height of the goods always on the same scale.
- the camera or a computer assigned to it calculates the cross-sectional area of the goods under the glass plate.
- already known software tools such as contour analysis programs for suppressing disturbance variables such as cords or the like can be used. be used.
- a fixed edge scale is reflected into the camera optics via a mirror attached to the top of the plate.
- This marginal scale can be, for example, a diagonal of a rectangle, which is arranged parallel to the direction of travel of the glass plate with respect to the support surface.
- the projection of the diagonals cuts the section of the rectangle reflected from the game onto the camera at another point.
- the interface can be assigned to a certain height of the underside of the glass plate by means of a calibration carried out beforehand.
- the height z of the respective good can also be measured by automatic evaluation of the camera image (horizontal position of the diagonal strip in the mirror field).
- the camera determines all three spatial parameters (x, y, z) optically, with the glass plate fixing the goods in position and pressing extremities lightly against the goods body.
- the accuracy can be influenced almost arbitrarily by the choice of the " number of measuring pixels of the camera and the associated evaluation electronics or its software. Any reflections of the lighting device on the glass plate, which could falsify the measurement, can be achieved either by suitable positioning of the light sources (vertical impact the light rays on the plate surface) or by means of adjustable polarization filters on the camera Both reflection eliminations can be pre-adjusted so that only periodic follow-up checks can be made during the useful life of the device.
- the support side of the glass plate on the good side is exposed to mechanical stresses (soiling or surface damage caused by the good). It must therefore be maintained.
- the surface can be protected by an exchangeable protective film (eg glued or shrunk on or fastened in the same way).
- the surface of the plate can also be specially hardened, for example in the case of plastic plates, by vapor deposition of a thin translucent metal layer.
- a grid or a grate can also be used, the holes of which are either closed open or filled with a layer, for example a film or casting compound.
- various changes to the embodiment described here can be made within the scope of the present invention.
- a camera with automatic focusing eg focusing aid on the glass plate
- the data evaluation electronics must include the respective camera distance from the underside of the glass plate (ie the variable imaging scale) in the volume calculation.
- the mirror can be designed as a folding mirror, so that when the glass plate is pulled up, the overall length of the device is reduced.
- the height of the glass plate can also be detected by means of the adjustment mechanism of the plate itself or other types of coding.
- Self-service post offices designed in accordance with the invention work very precisely. Before the audience is used, calibrations can be carried out using test specimens defined on the post.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the figures. Rather includes they all devices, devices and methods in which the teaching of the claims is realized or suggested. So it is quite conceivable that, in addition to the plate, other pressure elements condition another or the other surfaces of the package accordingly during the actual volume measurement.
- the package can be pressed into a corner bracket formed from fixed walls by means of two right-angled pressure elements.
- These pressure elements which are actuated, for example, by means of known actuators (for example linear drives), can be controlled or regulated with regard to their contact force or the contact pressure.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002254851A CA2254851A1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-03-10 | Device for measuring volume |
US09/180,638 US6189223B1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-03-10 | Device for measuring volume |
EP98902924A EP0897526A1 (de) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-03-10 | Volumenmessvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH567/97 | 1997-03-11 | ||
CH56797 | 1997-03-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998040704A1 true WO1998040704A1 (de) | 1998-09-17 |
Family
ID=4190001
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH1998/000073 WO1998040704A1 (de) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-03-10 | Volumenmessvorrichtung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6189223B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0897526A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2254851A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998040704A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0933621A1 (de) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-04 | AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle | System zur Messung der Charakteristika eines voluminösen Gegenstandes |
EP1510778A2 (de) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-02 | Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH | Postgut-Messgerät |
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US8799183B2 (en) | 2001-04-09 | 2014-08-05 | United States Postal Service | System and method for predelivery notifcation using mail image |
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GB0202348D0 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2002-03-20 | Bae Systems Plc | Damping of vibrations |
WO2003087712A1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-23 | Cube Logic Systems Proprietary Limited | Cubing apparatus and methods |
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US7578170B2 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2009-08-25 | Mocon, Inc. | Instrument and method for detecting and reporting the size of leaks in hermetically sealed packaging |
WO2006088542A2 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-08-24 | Mocon, Inc. | Detecting and reporting the location of a leak in hermetically sealed packaging |
US7252014B1 (en) | 2006-04-17 | 2007-08-07 | Mocon, Inc. | Instrument and method for measuring the volume of a hermetically sealed variable volume and pressure conforming container |
CA2545118C (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2011-07-05 | Global Sensor Systems Inc. | Device for measuring package size |
US7654131B2 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2010-02-02 | Mocon, Inc. | Instrument for accurately measuring mass flow rate of a fluid pumped from a hermetically sealed container |
CN101281028A (zh) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-08 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 检测仪 |
US8908995B2 (en) * | 2009-01-12 | 2014-12-09 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Semi-automatic dimensioning with imager on a portable device |
US9779546B2 (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2017-10-03 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Volume dimensioning systems and methods |
US10007858B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2018-06-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Terminals and methods for dimensioning objects |
US10321127B2 (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2019-06-11 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Volume dimensioning system calibration systems and methods |
US9939259B2 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2018-04-10 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Measuring object dimensions using mobile computer |
US20140104413A1 (en) | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-17 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Integrated dimensioning and weighing system |
US9142035B1 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2015-09-22 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Item dimension verification at packing |
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US9823059B2 (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2017-11-21 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Dimensioning system with guided alignment |
US10775165B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2020-09-15 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Methods for improving the accuracy of dimensioning-system measurements |
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US10066982B2 (en) | 2015-06-16 | 2018-09-04 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Calibrating a volume dimensioner |
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US20170017301A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-19 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Adjusting dimensioning results using augmented reality |
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US10163216B2 (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2018-12-25 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Automatic mode switching in a volume dimensioner |
US10909708B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2021-02-02 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Calibrating a dimensioner using ratios of measurable parameters of optic ally-perceptible geometric elements |
US11047672B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2021-06-29 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | System for optically dimensioning |
US10733748B2 (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2020-08-04 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Dual-pattern optical 3D dimensioning |
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US11639846B2 (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2023-05-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Dual-pattern optical 3D dimensioning |
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1998
- 1998-03-10 EP EP98902924A patent/EP0897526A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-03-10 US US09/180,638 patent/US6189223B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-10 WO PCT/CH1998/000073 patent/WO1998040704A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-10 CA CA002254851A patent/CA2254851A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Title |
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PERLMAN, A.L. ET AL: "Measurement of c-4 pad volume construction of low-volume pads to known volume", IBM TECHNICAL DISCOLSURE BULLETIN, vol. 21, no. 5, October 1978 (1978-10-01), USA, pages 1877 - 1878, XP002060940 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0933621A1 (de) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-04 | AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle | System zur Messung der Charakteristika eines voluminösen Gegenstandes |
EP1510778A2 (de) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-02 | Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH | Postgut-Messgerät |
EP1510778A3 (de) * | 2003-08-25 | 2009-01-28 | Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH | Postgut-Messgerät |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2254851A1 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
US6189223B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 |
EP0897526A1 (de) | 1999-02-24 |
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