WO1998012912A1 - Systeme electrique de protection et de nourriture de cultures dans le sol - Google Patents

Systeme electrique de protection et de nourriture de cultures dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998012912A1
WO1998012912A1 PCT/EP1997/005209 EP9705209W WO9812912A1 WO 1998012912 A1 WO1998012912 A1 WO 1998012912A1 EP 9705209 W EP9705209 W EP 9705209W WO 9812912 A1 WO9812912 A1 WO 9812912A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
soil
conductors
metres
stakes
preset
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/005209
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Giuseppe Napolitano
Original Assignee
S.E.D.A. S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S.E.D.A. S.R.L. filed Critical S.E.D.A. S.R.L.
Priority to AU47771/97A priority Critical patent/AU4777197A/en
Priority to EP97910334A priority patent/EP1006774A1/fr
Publication of WO1998012912A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998012912A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth

Definitions

  • the present invention regards a system for protecting cultivated plants in a plot of soil from infesting micro-organisms and for facilitating the growth and fructification of said plants without requiring the use of pesticides, fertilizers and/or other chemical products.
  • This system is based on the combined effect of electrical fields created using electrodes driven in the ground along the perimeter of the plot, buried at regular intervals in the soil, and located at a preset height above the soil; a voltage supply device maintains preset potential differences between said electrodes.
  • fertilizers spread on the surface of the soil (or anyway laid in relatively shallow furrows) tend to concentrate in the top layers of the soil, thus
  • the pesticides and the plant protection products stimulate in parasites and in pathogenic agents, respectively, processes of genetic mutation which lead to the appearance of new strains that are resistant to the action of the aforesaid chemical products; these therefore must be replaced with new products (frequently more toxic and harmful for the environment than the previous ones), which in turn lead to the appearance of new strains that are resistant to the new products, and so forth.
  • pathogenic micro-organisms when immersed in an electrical field, present a behaviour that is similar to that of electrons; i.e., they migrate (or tend to migrate) towards the cathode, where they are annihilated.
  • Particularly advantageous results have been obtained when at least one of such electrical fields is located in the soil, at least one is located just beneath the surface of the soil, and at least one is located above the soil.
  • an electrical field located inside the soil causes (or facilitates) the migration (in ionic form) of nutrient substances from the deep layers of the soil towards the surface (where they are collected by the roots of the plants, thus making the use of fertilizers superfluous), as well as the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms.
  • the roots of each plant stretching out towards the nutrient substances that migrate towards the surface, develop in a substantially vertical direction without interfering or competing with the roots of the neighbouring plants;
  • an electrical field which "surrounds" the crown of the plant helps nutrient elements and/or other useful substances carried by the sap to "rise” up to the stem and to reach the leaves and the fruits, stimulates plant metabolism, increases efficiency of the chlorophyll function, facilitating and increasing the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaves, and removes the pathogenic micro-organisms, which are drawn away from the plant because they are attracted towards the cathode.
  • the larger quantity of oxygen present under the leaves and around the fruits has a fungicidal and antiparasitic effect which removes and/or destroys the parasites and prevents (or at least considerably hinders) the hatching of their eggs and the formation of moulds.
  • the subject of the present invention is an electrical system for protecting and nourishing crops in soil, which comprises a number of electrical fields in which the said crops are "immersed".
  • these electrical fields are created by applying (via a voltage supply device) preset differences of potential between electrodes driven into the soil, electrodes buried just beneath the surface of the soil, and electrodes located at a preset height above the soil.
  • Fig. 1 shows a vertical, partially cross-sectional, view of a portion of a plot of soil equipped with a system according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a top view of the plot of soil partially shown in Fig. 1 , without the covering electrode 6 of Fig. 1 ;
  • - Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a voltage supply device, which forms part of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a partially cross-sectional vertical view of a portion of a plot of soil equipped with a system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a top view of the said plot of soil shown in Fig. 1 , without the covering electrode 6.
  • the crops are "immersed” in a number of electrical fields generated by applying (by means of the voltage supply device 7 of Fig. 3) preset differences of potential between electrodes 1 driven in the soil 2, electrodes (4, 5) buried just beneath the surface of the soil 2, and electrodes 6 located at a preset height above the soil 2.
  • these electrodes consist of: a) a number of stakes 1 (in Fig. 1 , only one of these is visible) made of copper or some other equivalent material, driven in the soil 2 and set along the perimeter of the plot of soil.
  • the stakes 1 are set at regular intervals and are electrically connected together by a conductor 3, which is in turn electrically connected to the reference terminal MQ of the voltage supply device 7 of Fig. 3, which is omitted in Figs. 1 and 2 for reasons of simplicity of graphical representation.
  • the stakes 1 are driven in the soil 2 to a depth of 1.5 - 4.5 metres, and the distance ⁇ $ between the stakes 1 is between 3 and 6 metres.
  • the stakes 1 are driven in the soil to a depth of approximately 3 m., and the distance d5 between the stakes 1 is approximately 5 metres;
  • These conductors (4, 5) are alternately connected together in parallel (thus obtaining the "double comb" structure that may be seen in Fig. 2) and are electrically connected, respectively, to a first output terminal M 1 and a second output terminal M2 of the voltage supply device 7.
  • the outer conductors (4, 5) of said number of conductors are set at a distance d 4 with respect to the conductor 3 which connects the stakes 1 together.
  • the depth 02 at which the conductors (4, 5) are buried is between 25 and 50 cm
  • the distance d3 between two adjacent conductors (4, 5) is between 1.5 and 2.5 m
  • the distance d- ⁇ between the outer conductors (4, 5) of said number of conductors (4, 5) and the conductor 3 which connects the stakes 1 together is between 0.75 and 1.8 metres.
  • the depth -62 is 25 to 30 cm
  • the distance d ⁇ between two adjacent conductors (4, 5) is approximately 1.5 metres
  • the distance 64 between the outer conductors (4, 5) of said number of conductors (4, 5) and the conductor 3 that connects the stakes 1 together is 0.75 - 0.80 metres.
  • the covering electrode 6 consists of a metal meshwork electrically insulated by the support means, the meshes of which measuring between 10x10 and 70x70 cm, which can be advantageously used in crops grown in the open field also to support possible hail-protection nets.
  • the dimensions of the meshes of the metal meshwork is 60x60 cm.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic representation of the voltage supply device 7 (which is not described in further detail herein because it is in itself known and in any case can readily be made by a technician skilled in the sector), which presents the reference terminal Mo (to which the stakes 1 are electrically connected), the first output terminal M-
  • the reference terminal Mo to which the stakes 1 are electrically connected
  • to which the conductors 4 are electrically connected in parallel together
  • the second output terminal M2 to which the conductors 5 are electrically connected in parallel together
  • the third output terminal M3 to which the covering electrode 6 is electrically connected.
  • the voltage supply device 7 may in turn be supplied by the main power supply RE and/or by a solar panel PS and/or by a battery B (possibly, but not necessarily consisting of a standby battery kept charged by the main power supply and/or by the solar panel PS), and/or by some other supply device that is functionally equivalent and suitable for the purpose.
  • the voltage supply device 7 maintains a first preset positive potential difference V-
  • the first positive potential difference V-j is between 25 and 48 Volt
  • the negative potential difference V2 is between -19 and -40 Volt
  • the second positive potential difference V3 is between 1200 and 2600 Volt.
  • the first positive potential difference V ⁇ is approximately 35.5 Volt (and anyway between 35 and 36 Volt)
  • the negative potential difference V2 is approximately -20 Volt
  • the second positive potential difference V3 varies proportionally to the distance ⁇ -] between the covering electrode 6 and the soil 2.
  • aubergines first crop: weight, approx. 750 grams; seeds absent; pulp firm; colour, dark purple; taste pleasant; tomatoes: weight, approx. 250 at plant base; seeds absent; pulp firm; pleasant taste; characteristic smell: French beans: length, approx. 22 cm; diameter, approx. 12 mm; salad: excessive development with production of seeds; basil: large, scented leaves; endive: green, abundant leaves;
  • aubergines first crop: weight, approx. 250 grams; pulp watery; tomatoes: low productivity; colour obtained chemically; French beans: length, 10 - 1 1 cm; diameter, approx. 6 mm; salad: sparse; basil: small leaves; endive: small leaves.
  • the device according to the invention was used for crops in greenhouses, but the device may be used equally advantageously for crops in the open field, even though the yield is slightly lower, while still very interesting: 78% for fruit-bearing plants (99.9% if grown in a greenhouse); 85% for flowering plants (100% if grown in a greenhouse).
  • the device according to the invention was used for crops in sandy soil, but said device may be advantageously used to protect and nourish crops having extremely different characteristics and growing under extremely different conditions (nature, humidity and permeability of the soil; type of plants grown - trees, vegetables, etc. ; arrangement of plants - in rows, uniformly distributed, etc. ; ambient temperature; and so forth). For example, it is evident that, for growing trees, the depth d 2 at which the conductors (4, 5) are buried must be greater than the one required when vegetables are cultivated.
  • the dimensions of the meshes of the covering electrode 6 may range from 10x10 to 200x200 cm;
  • the depth d 2 at which the conductors (4, 5) are buried may range from 0.5 to 100 cm;
  • the distance d 3 between the conductors (4, 5) may range between 0.3 and 3 metres; - the distance d 5 between the stakes 1 may range between 2 and 25 metres. If the soil for cultivation rests on a stone substrate, it may be sufficient to drive a stake 1 at each corner of the plot;
  • the stakes 1 may be driven in the soil 2 to a depth of 0.5 - 6 metres.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système assurant la protection des plantes cultivées dans une parcelle de terre contre les micro-organismes et contre les insectes et favorisant la croissance et la fructification de ces plantes sans nécessiter de pesticides, d'engrais et/ou autres produits chimiques. Ce système de protection se fonde sur les effets combinés des champs électriques créés au moyen d'électrodes (1) placées dans le sol (2) au niveau du périmètre de la parcelle, d'électrodes (4, 5) enterrées à des intervalles réguliers dans le sol (2), et d'électrodes (6) placées à une hauteur prédéterminée au-dessus du sol (2). L'invention a aussi pour objet un dispositif d'alimentation en tension (7) qui maintient des différences prédéterminées de potentiel entre ces électrodes (1).
PCT/EP1997/005209 1996-09-23 1997-09-23 Systeme electrique de protection et de nourriture de cultures dans le sol WO1998012912A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47771/97A AU4777197A (en) 1996-09-23 1997-09-23 Electrical system for protecting and nourishing crops in soil
EP97910334A EP1006774A1 (fr) 1996-09-23 1997-09-23 Systeme electrique de protection et de nourriture de cultures dans le sol

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI96A001949 1996-09-23
IT96MI001949A IT1284575B1 (it) 1996-09-23 1996-09-23 Sistema elettrico per proteggere e nutrire culture in terra

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998012912A1 true WO1998012912A1 (fr) 1998-04-02

Family

ID=11374914

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1997/005209 WO1998012912A1 (fr) 1996-09-23 1997-09-23 Systeme electrique de protection et de nourriture de cultures dans le sol

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1006774A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4777197A (fr)
IT (1) IT1284575B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998012912A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR679756A (fr) * 1923-12-13 1930-04-17 Perfectionnements aux appareils d'électroculture
US1884483A (en) * 1931-12-29 1932-10-25 Robert H Wright Apparatus for treating vegetation
US1952588A (en) * 1931-01-05 1934-03-27 Ray Dio Ray Corp Apparatus for generating and applying electrostatic energy
FR2642265A1 (fr) * 1988-11-15 1990-08-03 Adeljne Andre Nouveau dispositif electrophoretique applicable aux vegetaux

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR679756A (fr) * 1923-12-13 1930-04-17 Perfectionnements aux appareils d'électroculture
US1952588A (en) * 1931-01-05 1934-03-27 Ray Dio Ray Corp Apparatus for generating and applying electrostatic energy
US1884483A (en) * 1931-12-29 1932-10-25 Robert H Wright Apparatus for treating vegetation
FR2642265A1 (fr) * 1988-11-15 1990-08-03 Adeljne Andre Nouveau dispositif electrophoretique applicable aux vegetaux

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TREMOLIERES: "L'électroculture", ELECTRONIQUE APPLICATIONS, no. 33, December 1984 (1984-12-01) - January 1985 (1985-01-01), PARIS FR, pages 67 - 75, XP002054197 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4777197A (en) 1998-04-17
EP1006774A1 (fr) 2000-06-14
IT1284575B1 (it) 1998-05-21
ITMI961949A1 (it) 1998-03-23

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