Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
  • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
  • A01M1/24—Arrangements connected with buildings, doors, windows, or the like
  • A01M1/245—Arrangements connected with buildings, doors, windows, or the like for pesticide application or distribution, e.g. using a network of pipes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/72—Pest control
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
  • A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
  • A01M2200/01—Insects
  • A01M2200/011—Crawling insects
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
  • B32B2250/03—3 layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
  • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
  • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene

Definitions

• the invention relates to pesticidal barriers and particularly to dual-purpose pesticidal-moisture barriers for use in the construction industry for protecting building foundations from subterranean attack from pests and moisture, particularly termites.
• the invention is not intended to be limited to the construction industry, but also finds utility in any situation where the entry of pests need preventing across a large area, for example cultivated areas in agriculture and horticulture.
• the invention is not intended to be limited to termites, but forms an effective barrier to other pests such as weeds, fungi, insects and the like, when used in conjunction with a suitable pesticide.
• preventative action involves creating a barrier, typically a pesticidal barrier, to prevent access of the pest.
• WO 90/1 4004 (Sapsford) describes a method of creating a pesticidal barrier prior to building construction which comprises lining a building excavation with a fibrous blanket and then impregnating it with an insecticide.
• EP 0 565 250 (Albany) describes a preferred fibre assembly which improves the performance and durability of this pesticidal barrier.
• These blanket-type barriers suffer from a number of drawbacks. For example, environmental contamination, food chain entry and bio- accumulation is still a problem since harmful amounts of pesticide can still leach from the blanket into the surrounding soil. In addition, these blankets do not protect the pesticide contained therein from chemical or biological degradation. In particular, many pesticides degrade when exposed to alkaline media, such as leachate from the concrete footings of buildings.
• a further drawback of these fibrous blankets is that soil and grit become embedded in the blanket. This encourages the pesticide to diffuse out of the blanket thereby reducing its performance and longevity.
• the abovementioned fibrous blankets do not facilitate on site fabrication. For example, they cannot be joined effectively with adhesive tape. Any resulting gap in the blanket forms a potential route for pest ingress making the barrier largely ineffective.
• Kokai 59-62503 there is described an insect- and moisture-proof barrier, which comprises a paper sheet (Kraft Paper) impregnated with insecticide sandwiched between polyethylene outer layers.
• this type of barrier also suffers from a number of drawbacks which may explain its lack of commercial success.
• the barrier is relatively delicate and may not withstand the harsh treatment commonly experienced on a building site. Any resulting tear or hole in the blanket will render it ineffective as a barrier to pests.
• Kraft paper being cellulose provides an attractive food source for pests, particularly termites, and therefore rather than detering pests away from the barrier may actually attract them.
• a further problem with all of the abovementioned pesticidal barriers is the requirement to use protective clothing to limit exposure of the construction worker to the pesticide, when laying a pre-impregnated blanket or when spraying.
• a laminar pesticidal barrier for covering the ground beneath a building or cultivated area comprising, an upper portion and a lower portion each of which comprises a layer substantially impermeable to pesticide, and a pesticide-containing layer between said portions, characterised in that the pesticide-containing layer is foraminous.
• the invention functions as an effective pesticidal barrier in any orientation.
• the barrier can be situated vertically to prevent pest ingress from the side or lain horizontally to prevent pest ingress from beneath.
• the barrier will be used to completely line an excavation, such as a trench.
• the barrier prevents pest ingress from beneath and from the side.
• upper portion refers to the portion of the blanket between the pesticide- containing layer and the building footings
• lower portion refers to the portion of the barrier between the pesticide-containing layer and the ground.
• pesticidal barriers made in accordance with the invention provide a number of advantages over prior art pesticidal barriers.
• a further advantage of our invention is that the upper and lower portions prevent soil particles and grit clogging the foramina in the pesticide containing layer.
• the invention provides a robust pesticidal barrier which will withstand the harsh environment of a building site during installation and building construction.
• the robustness is due to the foraminous nature of the pesticide- containing layer which cushions the lower portion of the barrier. Thus even if the upper portion is accidentally damaged during installation and construction, the lower portion will typically remain intact.
• a particular advantage of our pesticidal barrier is its self-sealing properties. In the unlikely event that a hole occurs in the barrier either due to pest attack or construction activity, the natural movement of the foraminous layer will act so as to seal any such hole and maintain the integrity of the barrier to pests.
• the pesticide-containing layer is flexible.
• the longevity of the blanket can be improved by manufacturing it from materials which do not form a staple food source for the particular pest.
• materials which do not form a staple food source for the particular pest For instance, cellulose forms the staple diet of termites and accordingly termite barriers should not contain cellulose, such as Kraft paper.
• the pesticide-containing layer comprises synthetic material.
• the barrier is typically lain underneath a building prior to the laying of the concrete foundations which are built directly on top of the barrier. Accordingly it is important that the upper portion of the barrier is sufficiently robust to withstand the construction of the building foundations. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment the upper portion of the barrier is more resistant to rupture than the lower portion. In a preferred example, resistance to rupture of the upper portion may be achieved by increasing its thickness relative to the lower portion. Preferably the upper portion is between 1 50 and 250 microns thick and the lower portion is between 75 and 1 25 microns thick.
• both upper and lower portions each to consist of a single layer which combines the above mentioned properties of being impermeable to pesticide, and/or moisture, and/or resistant to rupture. Therefore in a preferred embodiment the upper and lower portions are polyethylene.
• Plastic mate ⁇ als such as polyethylene are known to degrade when exposed to sunlight which may be a problem when pesticidal barriers according to the invention are stored outdoors for significant periods. Therefore we have found it advantageous to provide at least one of the upper or lower polyethylene portions with a UV stabiliser.
• the term foraminous when applied to the foraminous layer is intended to include any material which contains passageways.
• suitable foraminous layers are woven materials, sponges and foams.
• the foraminous material is a fibrous mat wherein the fibres are from 4 to 8 denier and the fibre crossing points are 100 microns apart, and wherein the average void volume of the mat is 85% at 1 0 kPa.
• the mat is fabricated from fibres which are not edible to a particular pest, i.e. synthetic fibres.
• Preferred synthetic fibres are nylon, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile and polyester.
• the pesticide-containing layer may be bonded to the upper and lower portions, for example under the influence of heat.
• the invention provides an effective barrier to many pests, especially insects when the pesticide-containing layer contains at least one insecticide.
• the invention provides an excellent termite barrier when a suitable termiticide is present.
• Particularly suitable insecticides and termiticides may be selected from the pyrethroid group.
• our invention is a particularly effective insect and termite barrier when the insecticide/termiticide comprises a low vapour pressure solid, preferrably when present in particulate form of less than 5 microns in size.
• a solid diffuses from the barrier more slowly than the liquid formulations and therefore increases the longevity of the barrier.
• Preferred solid insecticdes include fipronil, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, and particularly deltamethrin.
• liquid insecticides/termiticides are incorporated in solid formulations, for example as dusts, wettable powders or water dispersible granules.
• Fungi and moulds are particularly favourite food sources of termites and any such source will attract them.
• termites to actively cultivate fungi within or near to their nests.
• fungicidal agent in the pesticide containing-layer of our invention to prevent fungal growth therein, thereby reducing the likelihood that termites will be attracted to the barrier.
• Particularly effective fungicides include the azole group of fungicides, such as prochloraz, cyproconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, azaconazole or carbendazim.
• the pesticidal barrier is not limited solely to use as an insecticide or termiticide barrier.
• the pesticide-containing layer contains a herbicide, weeds will be prevented from passing through the barrier.
• Such a herbicidal barrier finds utility in the production of turf, when lain beneath turf the barrier will prevent weeds passing through the barrier and contamining the turf.
• the invention finds utility as a barrier to fungi and moulds when the pesticide-containing layer contains a fungicide.
• Particularly effective fungicides include the azole group of fungicides, such as prochloraz, cyproconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, azaconazole or carbendazim.
• the invention is also directed to methods for installing and manufacturing the pesticidal barrier. Such methods would be readily apparent to a skilled person.
• Figure 1 shows a side-sectional view of a laminar pesticidal barrier in position prior to laying foundations for a building.
• Barrier 1 comprises a pesticide-containing layer 2 and upper and lower portions 3 and 4 respectively.
• the edges of barrier 1 show both upper and lower portions extending beyond pesticide-containing layer 2 (layers 3 and 4 are depicted separated at the right hand edge of the barrier to enhance clarity).
• Pesticide-containing layer 1 is preferably a mat of fibre. Preferred fibres are synthetic such as nylon, polypropylene and titanium dioxide. As shown in Figure 1 , following excavation of the ground 5 beneath the building, including digging of the footings 6, the barrier is fitted such that it covers the ground and lines the footings.
• the concrete slab which forms the foundations is created using formwork (not shown), which is positioned around the excavated ground 5, such that when the concrete has set it does not extend past barrier 1 .
• barrier 1 prevents pests, particularly termites, and moisture reaching the concrete slab of the building.
• impermeable upper and lower portions 3 and 4 prevent leachate, from inter alia the concrete slab, degrading the pesticide.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=3794690

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (11)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (12)

• 1996
  • 1996-06-11 AU AUPO0372A patent/AUPO037296A0/en not_active Abandoned
• 1997
  • 1997-05-22 AU AU27104/97A patent/AU717872B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1997-05-22 WO PCT/IB1997/000583 patent/WO1997047190A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1997-06-09 ID IDP971963A patent/ID18793A/id unknown
  • 1997-06-10 ZA ZA9705114A patent/ZA975114B/xx unknown
  • 1997-06-11 FR FR9707232A patent/FR2749481A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (12)

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