WO1997037608A1

WO1997037608A1 - Dental implant for performing implantation during a surgical period

Info

Publication number: WO1997037608A1
Application number: PCT/FR1997/000630
Authority: WO
Inventors: Philippe Leclercq; Robert Fromental; André Rambert
Original assignee: Societe D'etudes, De Recherches Et De Fabrication - S.E.R.F.
Priority date: 1996-04-09
Filing date: 1997-04-09
Publication date: 1997-10-16
Also published as: AU2640697A; FR2747031B1; FR2747031A1

Abstract

An implant comprising a socket (2) with an external thread (14), an internal thread (18) and a recessed portion (16) at one end for forming a neck (10) engageable by a prosthetic assembly. One part of the socket is implanted in the maxilla of a patient and the free end of the socket is level with the patient's gum (12). The implant further comprises a ring (4) mounted on the free end of the socket (2) and forming an extension thereof. The ring comprises a projecting portion (24) on the side facing the socket (2) for engaging the complementary recessed portion (16) of the socket, and, on the opposite side, a recessed portion (26) substantially identical to the recessed portion of the socket.

Description

Dental implant for implantation in one surgical time

The present invention relates to a dental implant for performing an implantation in surgical time. An implant is a socket-shaped device, provided with an external thread, an internal thread and a female connection part at one of its ends, intended to take place in the maxilla and / or mandible d 'a patient. It is used for the installation of a dental prosthesis. The external thread is optionally self-tapping and allows the implant to be screwed into the patient's jaw. The female connection part allows the positioning of a prosthetic system, also called abutment, on the implant and the internal thread is used to fix it. The false stump receives the prosthesis itself. There are mainly two types of dental implants which are characterized by their method of positioning in the patient's jaw. There are buried implants and non-buried implants.

To place a buried implant in the jaw and / or mandible, the surgeon pierces the bony part of the maxilla. He then places the implant and covers it with gum tissue for a first phase known as hermetic nurse placement, during which the implant will integrate into the surrounding bone. After a period of three to six months, the patient returns for a second phase. The gum is opened above the implant and a healing patch is placed in the implant. This piece will conform the gum tissue for a fortnight before receiving the final prosthesis.

The disadvantage of this two-stage surgical procedure is that it requires two surgical procedures, which involves a waste of time. In addition, studies have shown that an implant placed in one time could just as easily integrate into the jaw of the patient without being covered by the gum. The implant used is then called an implant that is not buried.

When the surgeon places an implant that is not buried, he pierces the bone part of the patient's jaw, places his implant and then closes the gum around the neck of the implant in a non-hermetic way because the implant remains indirectly in contact with the environment. oral. The healing of peri-implant soft tissue is then done at the same time as bone healing for a period of three to six months. During this time, a cover screw closes the opening of the implant and prevents impurities from falling inside it. The implant neck protrudes far enough from the gum so there is no need to intervene again. When the healing is done, simply remove the cover screw and put in place the abutment and the dental prosthesis.

The disadvantage of this last type of implant is that it has an emerging part which can cause problems during the production of the prosthesis. This problem is among others of an aesthetic nature. Indeed, the dental prosthesis is raised relative to the height of the gum. This heightening is visible in particular when it is a prosthesis intended to replace an incisor or a canine.

The object of the invention is to remedy this problem and to provide a dental implant for carrying out an implantation in surgical time making it possible to produce any type of prosthesis and on which it is possible to fix a dental prosthesis without this the latter is raised above the patient's gum height.

To this end, it offers an implant comprising a socket provided with a possibly self-tapping thread, a female thread and a female connection part at one of its ends forming a neck for receiving a prosthetic system, the socket being intended to be implanted in a maxilla and / or mandible of a patient, a part of the socket being implanted in the bone and the end of the socket receiving the prosthetic system, being located level of the patient's gum. According to the invention, this implant also comprises a ring mounted on the end of the socket intended to receive the prosthetic system and extending the socket, and the ring comprises on the side of the socket a male connection part corresponding to the part female connection of the socket and on the opposite side, a female connection part substantially identical to that of the socket.

The implant is placed in the patient's maxilla and / or mandible with the ring mounted. The height of the implant protruding from the bone is thus important. While the implant integrates with the surrounding bone structure, the part of the sleeve projecting from the bone and the ring conform the gingival tissues. These do not cover the implant. Then when installing the prosthetic system and the dental prosthesis, the ring is removed, allowing the prosthetic system to be properly positioned relative to the maxilla and / or mandible and to the gum.

In addition, the ring and the socket each have a substantially identical female connecting part. It is then possible to use the implant both with the ring and without it. In certain regions of the maxilla and / or mandible, the thickness of the gingival tissues can be very thin, it is possible to implant an implant not comprising a ring or to implant an implant with its ring and immediately extract the ring of this implant.

Advantageously, the female connecting part of the socket is formed by a hexagonal-shaped housing. This shape allows for good positioning and easy mounting of the ring by compared to the socket but also of the prosthetic system compared to the socket.

To perfect the connection between the ring and the socket and to prevent the ring from coming out of the socket and being swallowed by the patient, the male and female connecting parts of the socket and the ring are such that they are wedged mechanical occurs when mounting the ring on the sleeve. This is for example a conical wedge. To guarantee proper integration of the implant into the patient's mouth, the outside face of the socket intended to be in bone contact is etched and the outside face of the socket, at the level of the neck, as well as the outside face of the ring, are smooth. In any case, the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing, representing by way of nonlimiting example a preferred embodiment of a dental implant according to the invention . FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an implant according to the invention and of an associated cover screw,

FIG. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of the implant of FIG. 1 in place in a maxilla, FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3 with a tool making it possible to separate the ring of the implant from the socket,

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the implant in place in a maxilla, with a cover screw but without the ring, and

Figure 5 is a view seems to go to the previous one, a false stump replacing the cover screw.

The implant shown in the drawing is an implant of the non-buried type, for performing dental implantation in surgical time. Implants of this type are used to form the basis of a dental prosthesis. An implant is then screwed into a patient's maxilla and / or mandible, in place of a missing tooth. It integrates into the surrounding bone for a period of three to six months, at the end of which a false stump, intended to serve as a support for a dental prosthesis, is mounted by screwing on the implant.

Figures 1 and 2 show a dental implant comprising a circular cylindrical socket 2, an aesthetic ring 4 and a cover screw 6. The socket 2 is intended to be implanted in the bone 8 of a jaw, one end of this socket 2, forming a slightly flared neck 10, remaining outside the bone part 8 and being at the level of the gum 12 covering the bone 8. The external surface of the sleeve 2 is provided on approximately two thirds of its height, on the side of its end intended to be in the bone 8 of the jaw, that is to say the end opposite to the neck 10 of the sleeve, of a self-tapping thread 14. This outer surface, at the level of the neck 10, in contact with the gum 12 is smooth, while the rest of this surface, in contact with the bone 8 is frosted and rough.

In known manner, radial bores and flats are made on the side of the end being implanted in the bone 8 to allow better implantation in the jaw of the patient.

Starting from the neck 10 of the socket, and going towards the other end of the socket, the interior of the socket has a female connection part in the form of a hexagonal housing 16, a threaded area 18, a wall bottom 20 and a hollow part 22.

The hexagonal housing 16 is intended to receive a male connection part of corresponding shape, that is to say a male hexagon 24, but it can also be used to receive a tool (not shown) enabling the sleeve 2 to be screwed into the jaw of the patient. The threaded zone 18 makes it possible to fix the various elements intended to be mounted on the implant. It may of course be a false stump as shown in phantom in FIG. 5, but also the cover screw 6.

The ring 4 is fitted onto the neck 10 of the sleeve and extends it. Its peripheral outer surface is smooth, like that of the neck 10 of the sleeve. The ring 4 has on a face the male hexagon 24, allowing the connection with the sleeve 2. The shape of this hexagon 24 and of the hexagonal housing 16 of the sleeve are such that a conical wedging occurs during assembly of the ring 4 on the sleeve 2. As a result, the ring 4 is forcibly secured to the sleeve 2. On its face opposite to that having the male hexagon 24, the ring 4 comprises a hexagonal housing 26 of identical shape to that of the sleeve 2. Thus, it is possible with the same tool to screw into the bone 8 either the assembly formed by the sleeve 2 and the ring 4, or only the sleeve 2.

To allow the ring 4 to be removed from the sleeve 2, the ring 4 has a tapped longitudinal bore 28. FIG. 3 illustrates the separation of the ring 4 with the sleeve 2. A tool 30 specially designed for this purpose, comprising a handle 32, a smooth part 34 and a threaded part 36 is provided.

For the establishment of a dental prosthesis with the implant described above, the sleeve 2 is placed in the maxilla and / or mandible of a patient in the same way as with an implant of art prior. We must first prepare ur. hole in the bone 8 of the maxilla in which the socket 2 takes place. The ring 4 may or may not be mounted with the socket 2. The surgeon performing the operation judges whether the ring is necessary or not. If the height of the gum tissue is insufficient at the place where the prosthesis must be, it is useless put a ring 4 in place on the socket 2. However, if the height of the gingival tissue is sufficient, it is necessary to put the ring 4 in place to prevent the gum covering the socket 2. The cover screw 6 is screwed onto the implant when it is in place in the patient's maxilla and / or mandible. It crosses the ring 4 and engages with the threaded part 18 of the sleeve. FIG. 2 shows in section an implant with the cover screw 6 when the ring 4 is in place on the sleeve 2 and FIG. 4 shows an implant in place in the bone 8 without the ring 4.

The implant and the cover screw thus remain in the patient's jaw for a period of a few months, until the implant integrates with the surrounding bone. After this period, the implant receives a false stump (shown in phantom in Figure 5). To do this, the cover screw 6 is removed. If necessary, the aesthetic ring is also removed as described above with reference to FIG. 3.

This implant therefore makes it possible, thanks to the ring, to have a large neck at the level of the gum during the period when the implant is osteointegrated in the jaw bone and / or the mandible, making it possible to conform the tissues gingival and preventing them from covering the implant. However, for the installation of the abutment, the height of the neck is reduced by removing the ring from the socket. The false stump is therefore not found raised relative to the gingival height. It is then possible to produce an esthetic dental prosthesis.

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above by way of non-limiting example; on the contrary, it embraces all its variants.

Claims

1 - Dental implant for performing a dental implantation in surgical time, comprising a socket provided with a possibly self-tapping thread, a female thread and a female connection part at one of its ends forming a neck to receive a prosthetic system, the socket being intended to be implanted in a jaw and / or mandible of a patient, a part of the socket being implanted in the bone and the end of the socket receiving the prosthetic system, being at the patient's gum, characterized in that it further comprises a ring (4) mounted on the end of the socket (2) intended to receive the prosthetic system and extending the socket, and in that the ring (4) comprises on the side of the socket (2) a male connection part (24) corresponding to the female connection part (16) of the socket and on the opposite side, a female connection part (26) substantially identical to that of the do uille. 2 - Implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the female connecting part of the socket is constituted by a hexagonal housing (16).

3 - Implant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the male (24) and female (16) connecting parts of the ring and of the sleeve are such that a mechanical jamming occurs during assembly of the ring (4) on the sleeve (2).

4 - Implant according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer face of the sleeve (2) intended to be in bone contact is etched and in that the outer face of the sleeve (2), at of the neck (10), as well as the outer face of the ring (4), are smooth.