FR2851454A1 - Dental implant and insertion tool anchoring assembly for dental prosthesis, has insertion tool with setting unit that includes series of projections disposed to be engaged in series of cavities of setting unit of mono block implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly has a mono block implant (1) with a setting unit to set the implant, where the setting unit has a series of cavities (10) disposed on a circle concentric with a part in the shape of stand (7) of the implant. An insertion tool (2) has another setting unit that sets the tool and includes a series of projections (16) formed and disposed to be engaged in the cavities. An independent claim is also included for dental prosthesis.

Description

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  The present invention relates to a set comprising a dental implant intended for anchoring to one jaw one or more prosthetic teeth, and a tool for positioning this implant in this jaw.

  In order to place a prosthetic tooth, it is common to use a two-piece implant, comprising an anchoring piece intended to be fixed to the jaw and a tooth mounting piece, intended to be fixed to the piece. anchor. This anchoring part is in the form of a rod provided with a thread allowing its support in the jaw bone, and includes a proximal tapped hole. The mounting piece, for its part, includes a tooth receiving pin and a threaded rod intended to be screwed into the threaded hole proximal to the anchoring piece. The anchoring piece is put in place first, with a cover screw engaged in the proximal tapped hole; the mounting part is put in place in a second step, after removal of this covering screw then screwing of the threaded rod which it comprises in the tapped hole of the anchoring part.

  This technique has the drawbacks of requiring an implantation in two stages, and of inducing a risk of untimely unscrewing of the cover screw or, on the contrary, of blocking of this screw in the tapped hole of the anchoring piece. Unintentional loosening of the cover screw can lead to infection and blocking this screw runs the risk of unscrewing the implant when it is necessary to force on this cover screw to unlock it, as well as 'A risk of breakage of this screw during this forcing.

  There is also a risk of fracture of the anchoring piece, taking into account the relative fragility that this piece presents at the proximal level, due to the presence of the aforementioned proximal tapped hole.

  In addition, bone growth may have occurred above the cover screw between the two stages of implantation; the presence of this bone can cause difficulty in positioning the mounting piece, and the removal of this bone causes pain to the patient.

  The verification of the correct positioning of the mounting piece on the anchoring piece involves a radiographic check, which causes undesirable additional irradiation.

  In addition, the existence of the joint between the anchor and the mounting part, which is at the level of the bone, can be the cause of an infection.

  According to another technique, it is known to provide an implant in one piece, comprising a part intended to be anchored in the bone by screwing and a mounting part of the tooth, this mounting part, in the form of a pawn, being provided with gripping means for taking the support of a fitting tool of the screwdriver type, for screwing the implant into the jaw.

  The disadvantage of these implants is that they are not always very easy to place, since the perfect connection in rotation between the implant and the delivery tool is not always ensured.

  In addition, when placing a "bridge", that is to say a bridge connecting several implants for mounting several prosthetic teeth, there is the risk that the implants are not all arranged perfectly parallel. The existing implants have the disadvantage of not making it possible to easily and quickly correct the orientation of the mounting pin of an implant placed in a slightly deflected manner, which poses problems during the placement of the bridge.

  The present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.

  The assembly which it concerns comprises, in a manner known per se: - a monobloc implant comprising a threaded part intended to be anchored in the jaw by screwing, a part in the shape of a pin, and wedging means for the coming of this implant in engagement with a delivery tool, and this delivery tool, which comprises wedging means complementary to those of the implant.

  According to the invention, - the means for wedging the implant comprise a series of cavities arranged on a circle concentric with said pawn-shaped part; and - the setting means of the setting tool comprise a series of shaped projections and arranged to be engaged in said cavities.

  These protrusions and cavities make it possible to perfectly wedge the implant with respect to the positioning tool, and therefore allow easier positioning of the implant in a jaw. The pawn-shaped part does not undergo the screwing torque necessary for the implantation of the implant and can therefore present an optimized shape for the sole function of mounting the prosthetic tooth or a bridge.

  Advantageously, said pawn-shaped part comprises a groove arranged in its side wall, and the fitting tool comprises a projection arranged in the housing intended to receive this pawn-shaped part, this projection being suitable for being snapped in reversibly. in this gorge.

  The implant can thus be mounted reversibly on the delivery tool, which further facilitates the positioning of the implant. The groove of the pawn-shaped part can also be used to subsequently mount the prosthetic tooth on the implant.

  Preferably, said cavities of the implant are arranged so as to be regularly distributed over the circle on which they are located.

  The mounting of the implant on the delivery tool can thus be carried out according to a plurality of possible angular positions.

  According to one embodiment, the assembly comprises at least one piece 20 in the form of a cap, suitable for covering said pawn-shaped part 7, which has a cavity 21 for receiving the pawn-shaped part 7 of shape complementary to that of the pin 7. This part 20 being intended to receive the prosthesis.

  Advantageously, the axis of the part 20 in the form of a cap 20 forms a non-zero angle with the axis of generation of the lateral face of revolution of the cavity 21.

  This cap-shaped part can thus be engaged on said pawn-shaped part and be fixed to the implant in a determined angular position, so as to replace the pawn-shaped part 25 for mounting a bridge. ; this angular position is that making it possible to correct, if necessary, the orientation of the pawn-shaped part when the corresponding implant is put in place while being inclined relative to the position which would have been optimal for mounting the bridge.

  The assembly according to the invention can comprise several parts in the form of a cap, the axes of said cavities of which form different angles, from one part to another, with the axes of generation of the lateral faces of these parts, these different angles being adapted to the different inclinations to be corrected, which an implant may present.

  Each cap-shaped part may have a series of projections shaped and arranged to be engaged in said cavities of an implant when the cap-shaped part is placed on this implant.

  The angular positioning of a cap-shaped part on an implant is thus carried out in a reliable and simple manner.

  The assembly according to the invention may also comprise several parts 30 in the form of caps, connected to each other by bridges of material 26.

  When an implant is placed without deviation, this adapter piece forms an adapter for receiving the bridge.

  The invention also relates to each implant, the installation tool, each piece in the form of the aforementioned cap or adaptation piece, taken individually.

  The invention also relates to a prosthesis, which has a transverse hole 203 for the engagement of a key 204 intended to also be engaged in the groove 11 of the implant pin and / or the groove 24 of the cap and / or at least one finger 205 intended to be engaged in a cavity of the implant.

  For a good understanding, the invention is again described below with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting example, a preferred embodiment of the assembly which it relates to.

  Figure 1 is a perspective view of the implant and part of the delivery tool it comprises; Figure 2 is a view of the implant after placement in a jaw and mounting of a prosthetic tooth; Figure 3 is a view of a second prosthetic tooth mounted on an implant; FIG. 4 is a view of the implant and of a piece forming a cap, which it comprises, in longitudinal section, and FIG. 5 is a view of two implants placed in a jaw, in the case of placing in place of a "bridge", that is to say a bridge used to receive two or more adjacent prosthetic teeth.

  FIG. 1 represents an assembly comprising an implant 1 for anchoring a prosthetic tooth in a jaw and a tool 2 for placing this implant.

  The implant 1 comprises, from its distal end towards its proximal end, a threaded part 3 of cylindrical shape, intended to be anchored in the bone by screwing, a smooth part 4 intended to be, after placement, at the level of the gingival mucosa, a flared part 5 forming a support flange against this mucosa, a flat proximal face 6, and a pin 7 for mounting the tooth.

  A series of twelve blind holes 10 is arranged in the flared part 5, starting from the face 6, these holes 10 being arranged on a circle concentric with the pin 7 and regularly distributed over this circle.

  The pin 7 has a groove 11, arranged substantially at its mid-height.

  The setting tool 2 comprises a part 15 in the shape of a bell, shaped to come cap, in an adjusted manner, the pin 7 and the face 6.

  At its distal circular edge, the bell 15 comprises a series of rods 16 projecting from this edge parallel to the axis of this bell 15. These rods 16 are dimensioned and arranged so that they can be engaged in an adjusted manner in the holes 10 of the implant 1 when the pin 7 is engaged in the housing 17 delimited by the bell 15.

  This housing includes a projection (not visible in the figures), suitable for being snapped reversibly into the groove i1.

  Thanks to the engagement of the rods 16 in the holes 10, to the adjusted engagement of the pin 7 in the housing 17 and to the engagement of said projection in the groove 11, the implant 1 is perfectly wedged and maintained with respect to the tool 2, which allows easier placement of this implant 1 25 in the jaw bone.

  FIG. 2 shows this positioning, the threaded part 3 being anchored in the bone 100 by screwing, the smooth part 4 being at the level of the gingival mucosa 101 with the support of the flared part 5 against this mucosa, and the pin 7 receiving the prosthetic tooth 102. This tooth 102 is fixed to this pin 107 by means of an appropriate synthetic cement 103.

  FIG. 3 shows another prosthetic tooth 202 comprising a transverse hole opening out in one of its faces, extending by a groove 203 formed in the cavity 204 intended to come over the pin of the implant. The grooves 11 of the implant and 203 of the prosthesis delimit an opening for the engagement of a key 204. This prosthesis is therefore locked in translation on the pin and removably by this key 204.

  In addition, the prosthesis comprises, at its end situated on the side of the implant, an axial finger 205 intended to penetrate a blind hole 10 in the implant to ensure the rotation of the prosthesis.

  FIG. 4 shows an implant 1 identical to that which has just been described 5 and a part 20 in the form of a cap suitable for covering the pin 7 and the face 6. This part 20 has a cavity 21 for receiving the pin adjusted 7 , in which is arranged a projection 22 adapted to be engaged in the groove 11, and a lateral face 23 of revolution. As shown in this FIG. 4, the generation axis of the face 23 forms, with the axis of the cavity 21, a non-zero angle 10, of the order of 50 in the example shown.

  The part 20 also has, at its face 23, a groove 24 allowing the retention of a bridge, as described below.

  The assembly according to the invention comprises a plurality of such pieces 20, having cavities 21 whose axes form, from one piece 20 to another, different angles with said generation axes.

  FIG. 5 shows two implants 1 as mentioned above, placed in two consecutive locations of a jaw to receive a bridge 25, that is to say a part forming a bridge 26 for mounting two adjacent teeth 102 and two parts 27 for connection to implants 1.

  It appears in this FIG. 4 that one of the two implants 1, the one on the left in the example shown, is placed in a slightly deflected manner relative to the other implant 1, the hole made in the jaw 100 to receive this implant 1 having itself been arranged slightly deflected.

  This implant 1 then receives a part 20 whose axis of the cavity 21 forms an angle with the axis of the wall 23 such that, after assembly, this axis of the wall 23 is parallel to the direction of implantation which would have been adequate if implant 1 had been inserted without deviation.

  The other implant 1 is in turn correctly positioned and receives a part 30 identical to a part 20, except that the axis of its cavity 21 forms a zero angle with the axis of generation of its face 23.

  As appears from the above, the invention brings a decisive improvement to the prior art, by providing an assembly making it possible to ensure a perfect connection in rotation between the implant and the delivery tool, and making it possible to Easily and quickly correct the orientation of pin 7 of an implant placed slightly deflected, thus facilitating the placement of a bridge.

  It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above by way of example, but on the contrary embraces all the variant embodiments falling within the defined protection field.

  by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (9)

  1. Assembly comprising a dental implant (1) intended for anchoring to a jaw (100) one or more prosthetic teeth (102), and a tool (2) for positioning this implant (1) in this jaw, comprising: a one-piece implant (1) having a threaded part (3) intended to be anchored in the jaw (100) by screwing, a part (7) in the form of a pin, and wedging means (10) for the coming from this implant (1) engaged with a setting tool (2), and - this setting tool (2), which comprises wedging means (16) complementary to those of the implant (1); assembly characterized in that: - the means for wedging the implant (1) comprise a series of cavities (10) arranged on a circle concentric with said part in the form of a pin (7); and - the setting means of the setting tool (2) comprise a series of projections (16) shaped and arranged to be engaged in said cavities (10).   2. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said pawn-shaped part (7) comprises a groove (11) arranged in its side wall, and in that the setting tool (2) comprises a projection provided in the housing intended to receive this pawn-shaped part (7), this projection being adapted to be snapped in reversibly into this groove (11).   3. An assembly according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that said cavities (10) of the implant (1) are arranged so as to be regularly distributed over the circle on which they are located.   4. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises at least one part (20) in the form of a cap, suitable for covering said pawn-shaped part (7), which has a cavity (21) for receiving the pawn-shaped part (7) of a shape complementary to that of the pawn (7), this part (20) being intended to receive the prosthesis.   5. An assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis of the part (20) in the form of a cap forms a non-zero angle with the axis of generation of the lateral face of revolution of the cavity (21).   6. An assembly according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that each cap-shaped part has a series of protrusions shaped and arranged to be engaged in said cavities of an implant when the cap-shaped part is put in place. place on this implant.   7. Assembly according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in 5 that it comprises several parts (30) in the form of caps, connected to each other by material bridges (26).   8. A dental prosthesis intended to equip an implant (1) or a part (20, 30) in the form of a cap according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a transverse hole (203) for 10 l engagement of a key (204) intended to also be engaged in the groove (11) of the implant pin or a groove (24) of the cap.   9. dental prosthesis intended to equip an implant (1) or a part (20, 30) in the form of a cap according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a finger (205) intended to be engaged in 15 a cavity (10) of the implant.