WO1997032389A1 - Transistor de puissance en mode de commutation - Google Patents

Transistor de puissance en mode de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997032389A1
WO1997032389A1 PCT/IB1997/000093 IB9700093W WO9732389A1 WO 1997032389 A1 WO1997032389 A1 WO 1997032389A1 IB 9700093 W IB9700093 W IB 9700093W WO 9732389 A1 WO9732389 A1 WO 9732389A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
polarity
signal
input
mode power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1997/000093
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eise Carel Dijkmans
Original Assignee
Philips Electronics N.V.
Philips Norden Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Electronics N.V., Philips Norden Ab filed Critical Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO1997032389A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997032389A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/03—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for controlling the direction of rotation of DC motors
    • H02P7/04—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for controlling the direction of rotation of DC motors by means of a H-bridge circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch-mode power driver comprising a Hi- bridge circuit having a first input terminal and a second input terminal for connecting a DC power source, - a first output terminal and a second output terminal for connecting a load, a first switch for connecting the first output terminal to the first input terminal, a second switch for connecting the second output terminal to the first input terminal, a third switch for connecting the first output terminal to the second input terminal, a fourth switch for connecting the second output terminal to the second input terminal, and control means to control said switches, said control means comprising a pulse modulator having a input responsive to a input signal and an output for supplying a pulse signal.
  • a pulse modulator having a input responsive to a input signal and an output for supplying a pulse signal.
  • the switches are embodied in the form of transistors and the control means are embodied in the form of a pulse width modulator.
  • the output of the pulse width modulator is high, the first switch and the fourth switch are closed and the second switch and the third switch are open.
  • the output of the pulse width modulator is low, the first switch and the fourth switch are open and the second switch and the third switch are closed.
  • an alternating voltage is applied to a circuit of a reactor in series with a load and a capacitor in parallel with the load.
  • the load is positioned remote from the driver and the operating frequency of the pulse width modulator is in the radio frequency range, the leads from the driver to the load will cause unwanted electromagnetic radiation.
  • the switch-mode power driver is characterized in that, the control means further comprise a polarity detector to generate a polarity signal corresponding to the polarity of the input signal, the control means being conceived to drive the first switch and the third switch dependant on the pulse signal and to drive the second switch and the fourth switch dependant on the polarity signal only.
  • the control means being conceived to drive the first switch and the third switch dependant on the pulse signal and to drive the second switch and the fourth switch dependant on the polarity signal only.
  • both output terminals are alternatively connected to one of the poles of a DC power source dependant on the operating frequency of the pulse modulator so both output terminals give rise to electromagnetic radiation.
  • the second output terminal is alternatively connected to one of the poles of a DC power source dependant on the polarity of the input signal only. As the polarity of the input will change with a lower frequency than the frequency of the pulse signal the resulting electromagnetic radiation will be less.
  • Another advantage of the switch-mode power driver in accordance with the invention is that only two switches are operated at the frequency of the pulse signal so that the switching losses are reduced in comparison width the prior art driver.
  • An embodiment of the switch-mode power driver in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the first switch and the third switch are operated in antiphase and that the second switch and the fourth switch are operated in antiphase. Due to these measures it is avoided that the power source is short circuited and that the current through the switches becomes so high they may be damaged. Also it is prevented that one of the output terminals is not connected at all which may give rise to large voltages on the output terminals when they are connected to an inductive load.
  • An embodiment of the switch-mode power driver in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the pulse modulator is conceived to generate a pulse signal corresponding to the absolute value of the input signal and the first switch and the third switch are driven dependant on the pulse signal and the polarity signal. It has been found that these measures can be realized with an analog circuit.
  • An embodiment of the switch-mode power driver in accordance with the invention is characterized in that - the fourth switch is closed when the polarity of the input signal is positive, the first switch is closed when the pulse signal is high and the polarity of the input signal is positive, the third switch is closed when the pulse signal is low and the polarity of the input signal is positive, - the second switch is closed when the polarity of the input signal is negative, the third switch is closed when the pulse signal is high and the polarity of the input signal is negative, the first switch is closed when the pulse signal is high and the polarity of the input signal is negative.
  • control means comprise an XOR gate array having a first input and a second input, the pulse signal being applied to the first input and the polarity signal being applied to the second input, the XOR gate array further comprising a non- inverted output and an inverted output, the non-inverted output driving the first switch and the inverted output driving the third switch, the control means further comprising a buffer responsive to the output of the polarity detector, the buffer having a non-inverted output and a inverted output, the non-inverted output driving the second switch and the inverted output driving the fourth switch.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for retrieving and/or recording information on a carrier by means of a head, which the apparatus comprises an actuator for positioning the head relative to the carrier and a switch-mode power driver according to the invention for driving the actuator.
  • switch-mode power drivers are used to drive the electromagnetic actuators.
  • the leads to these actuators are usually in the form of flex foils which tend to radiate considerably.
  • the driver according to the invention gives considerable improvement of the EMC characteristics, the power dissipation and the cost of the CD player. The same advantages can be obtained for a magnetic tape or a magnetic disc apparatus.
  • Fig. l shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the switch- mode power driver according to the invention
  • Fig.2 shows various signals as a function of time
  • Fig.3 shows a schematic representation of an apparatus according to the invention.
  • Fig.1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the switch- mode power driver according to the invention.
  • the driver comprises a H-bridge 1 and a control circuit 2.
  • the H-bridge has a first input terminal 11 and a second input terminal 12 for connecting a DC power source 4 and a first output terminal 21 and a second output terminal 22 for connecting a load 31, 32, 33.
  • the H-bridge comprises four switches, a first switch 41 for connecting the first output terminal to the first input terminal, a second switch 42 for connecting the second output terminal to the first input terminal, a third switch 43 for connecting the first output terminal to the second input terminal and a fourth switch 44 for connecting the second output terminal to the second input terminal.
  • the control circuit 2 comprises a pulse modulator 50 to generate a pulse signal V, ⁇ responsive to a input signal V, and a polarity detector 60 to generate a polarity signal V, ,, corresponding to the polarity of the input signal V ( .
  • the control means are conceived to drive the first switch 41 and the third switch 43 dependant on the pulse signal V pw ⁇ and to drive the second switch 42 and the fourth switch 44 dependant on the polarity signal V ⁇ , only.
  • the input signal V is fed to a rectifier 70.
  • the output of the rectifier 70 is fed to the input of a pulse modulator 50.
  • the pulse modulator 50 is a pulse width modulator as described in US 4,969,079 but a pulse density modulator could be used as well.
  • the control circuit 2 further comprises an XOR gate array 80 with a first input 81 to which the pulse signal V pwm is applied and a second input 82 to which the polarity signal V p ,,, is applied.
  • the XOR gate array comprises a non-inverted output 83 which drives the first switch 41 and an inverted output 84 which drives the third switch 43. In this way it is achieved that the first switch 41 and the third switch 33 are driven dependant on the pulse signal V pwm and the polarity signal V ⁇ .
  • the control circuit 2 comprises a buffer 90 responsive to the output of the polarity detector 60 and has a non-inverted output 91 which drives the second switch 42 and an inverted output 92 which drives the fourth switch 44.
  • the switches 41, 42, 43, 44 are CMOS transistors.
  • a load in this case a circuit comprising a motor 31 and a coil 32 connected in series and a capacitor 33 parallel with the motor, is connected between the output terminals 21 and 22.
  • the coil 32 and the capacitor 33 form high frequency filter to reduce electromagnetic radiation which may radiate from the a lead connected to the first output terminal 21 of the driver.
  • Fig.2 shows various signals as a function of time.
  • V; represents the input signal.
  • V ; J represents the signal at the output of the rectifier 70.
  • V pwm represents the signal at the output of the pulse modulator 50.
  • V ⁇ represents the polarity signal at the output of the polarity detector 60.
  • S,, S 2 , S 3 and S 4 represent control signals for the switches 41, 42, 43 and 44 respectively. When a control signal is high the corresponding switch is closed and when a control is low the corresponding switch is open. From Fig.2 it can be seen that the first switch 41 and the third switch 43 are operated in antiphase and that the second switch 42 and the fourth switch 44 are operated in antiphase.
  • Fig.2 shows that the fourth switch 44 is closed when the polarity of the input signal V ; is positive, the first switch 41 is closed when the pulse signal V pwm is high and the polarity of the input signal V ; is positive, - the third switch 43 is closed when the pulse signal V pwm is low and the polarity of the input signal V; is positive, the second switch 42 is closed when the polarity of the input signal V f is negative, the third switch is closed when the pulse signal V pwm is high and the polarity of the input signal Vj is negative, the first switch is closed when the pulse signal V pwm is high and the polarity of the input signal Vj is negative.
  • Fig.3 shows a schematic representation of an apparatus according to the invention.
  • the apparatus in this case a CD-player 100 is capable of retrieving and/or recording information on a carrier 105 by means of a head 110.
  • the CD-player 100 comprises an actuator 120 for positioning the head 110 in the radial direction of the carrier 105 and a rotation motor 130 for positioning the carrier 105 in its circumferential direction relative to the head 110.
  • the CD-player comprises a servo circuit 140 which receives position signals from the head 110 and which generates input signals for two switch-mode power drivers 150 and 151 according to the invention for driving the actuator and the rotation motor.
  • the driver according to the invention is also very suitable for driving actuators in magnetic Hard Disc drives as the requirements, especially for portable applications (single power supply, low power dissipation, low electromagnetic radiation) are similar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Ce transistor comprend un pont en H (1) et un circuit de commande (2). Le pont en H comprend quatre commutateurs (41, 42, 43, 44). Le circuit de commande (2) comprend un modulateur d'impulsions (50) destiné à générer un signal d'impulsion (Vpwm) en réponse à un signal d'entrée (Vi) et un détecteur de polarité (60) destiné à générer un signal de polarité (Vpol) correspondant à la polarité du signal d'entrée (Vi). Les moyens de commande sont conçus pour attaquer un premier commutateur (41) et un troisième commutateur (43) en fonction du signal d'impulsion (Vpwm) et pour attaquer un deuxième commutateur (42) et un quatrième commutateur (44) en fonction du signal de polarité (Vpol) seulement. Dans ce transistor, une deuxième borne de sortie (22) est connectée en alternance à l'un des pôles d'une source de puissance CC en fonction de la polarité du signal d'entrée uniquement. Comme la polarité de l'entrée change avec une fréquence plus basse que la fréquence du signal d'impulsion, le rayonnement électromagnétique qui en résulte sera moindre.
PCT/IB1997/000093 1996-03-01 1997-02-07 Transistor de puissance en mode de commutation WO1997032389A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96200540.1 1996-03-01
EP96200540 1996-03-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997032389A1 true WO1997032389A1 (fr) 1997-09-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB1997/000093 WO1997032389A1 (fr) 1996-03-01 1997-02-07 Transistor de puissance en mode de commutation

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2342999A (en) * 1998-07-24 2000-04-26 Siemens Ag Reducing distortions of values measured by a gas sensor
US11384588B2 (en) 2018-04-23 2022-07-12 Assa Abloy Entrance Systems Ab Drive arrangement for door operator

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4244016A (en) * 1978-11-20 1981-01-06 Rockwell International Corporation Sine-wave static converter
US4314325A (en) * 1979-07-30 1982-02-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and circuit for pulse-width control of a bilateral direct current control element
EP0284021A2 (fr) * 1987-03-24 1988-09-28 Zaidan Hojin Handotai Kenkyu Sinkokai Convertisseur de puissance à modulation de largeur d'impulsion

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4244016A (en) * 1978-11-20 1981-01-06 Rockwell International Corporation Sine-wave static converter
US4314325A (en) * 1979-07-30 1982-02-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and circuit for pulse-width control of a bilateral direct current control element
EP0284021A2 (fr) * 1987-03-24 1988-09-28 Zaidan Hojin Handotai Kenkyu Sinkokai Convertisseur de puissance à modulation de largeur d'impulsion

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2342999A (en) * 1998-07-24 2000-04-26 Siemens Ag Reducing distortions of values measured by a gas sensor
US11384588B2 (en) 2018-04-23 2022-07-12 Assa Abloy Entrance Systems Ab Drive arrangement for door operator

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