Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
  • C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D241/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D241/52—Oxygen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/60—1,4-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-diazines
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/84—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms six-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,4
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
  • C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
  • C07D239/52—Two oxygen atoms
  • C07D239/54—Two oxygen atoms as doubly bound oxygen atoms or as unsubstituted hydroxy radicals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
  • C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D241/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D241/54—Nitrogen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
  • C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
  • C07D265/36—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings condensed with one six-membered ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel 3-aryluracils of the general formula I
• A is hydrogen, methyl oder amino
• R 1 is hydrogen or halogen
• R 2 is hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 - alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 -alkylsulfenyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkylsulfonyl;
• R 3 is hydrogen, halogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl
• X is oxygen or -N(R 7 )-, R 7 being hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 6 - alkenyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl, (C 1 -C 6 -alkyl)carbonyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy- C 1 -C 6 -alkyl;
• Y 1 and Y 2 independently of one another are oxygen or sulfur
• Z is oxygen or -N(R 8 )-;
• R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 independently of one another are
• R 4 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyI, C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl, (C 1 -C 6 -alkyl)carbonyl, (C 3 -C 6 - alkenyl)carbonyl, (C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl)carbonyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkylsulfonyl, it oeing possible for eacn of tne last-mentioned 9 radi cals to carry, if desired, one to three substituents, in each case selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkoxy, C 3
• R 9 being hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 - alkenyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 - alkoxy)carbonyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, phenyl or phenyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, it being possible for the phenyl radicals to be unsubstituted or to carry one to three radicals, in each case selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitro, cyano, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 - alkoxy and C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl
• R 10 being hydrogen, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 alkenyloxy or ( C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy)carbonyl- C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy
• R 11 being C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyloxy or
• the invention additionally relates to the use of the compounds I as herbicides and/or for the des- iccation and/or defoliation of plants, - herbicidal compositions and compositions for the desiccation and/or defoliation of plants which comprise the compounds I as active substances, - methods for controlling undesired vegetation and for the desiccation and/or defoliation of plants using the compounds I,
• EP-A 420 194 already describes compounds of the formulae Ila and IlIa
• R a is C 1 -C 7 -alkyl, C 3 -C 7 -alkenyl, C 3 -C 7 -alkynyl, halogen- C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, halogen-C 3 -C 6 -alkenyl or C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl.
• WO 90/15057 further discloses that, inter alia, compounds of the formula lib where
• R b is, inter alia, hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl
• R c is hydrogen or certain organic radicals bonded via carbon
• R d and R e are in each case hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or phenyl and
• R 3' is hydrogen, halogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, are also herbicidally active.
• 3-(3-Oxo-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)-6-haloalkyl-2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione derivatives of this type are further also disclosed in EP-A 408 382. They are described there as herbicides, together with compounds of the formulae Illb and IIIc
• R f is, inter alia, hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl
• R g is hydrogen or certain organic radicals bonded via carbon. According to the disclosure of U.S. 5,310,723, 3-(1-lower alkoxyquinolin-2-on-7-yl)-1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyluracils, inter alia, are also herbicidally active.
• EP-A 477 677 relates to 6-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-iso-indole-1,3-dion-2-yl)-, 6-(dimethylmaleimido)- and 6-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoindol-2-yl)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one derivatives which on the nitrogen of the oxazine ring carry a C 1-5 -alkoxy, C 3-4 -alkenyloxy, C 3-4 -alkynyloxy, cyclopropylmethoxy,
• the object also extends to the provision of novel compounds having desiccant/defoliant activity.
• Herbicidal compositions have further been found which comprise the compounds I and have a very good herbicidal action. Processes for preparing these compositions and methods of controlling undesired plant growth using the compounds I have additionally been found.
• the compounds I are also suitable for the defoliation and desiccation of parts of plants, for which suitable crop plants are those such as cotton, potato, rape, sunflower, soybean or field beans, in particular cotton.
• suitable crop plants are those such as cotton, potato, rape, sunflower, soybean or field beans, in particular cotton.
• compositions for the desiccation and/or defoliation of plants, processes for preparing these compositions and processes for the desiccation and/or defoliation of plants using the compounds I have been found.
• the compounds of the formula I can contain one or more chiral centers and then exist as enantiomer or diastereomer mixtures.
• the invention relates both to the pure enantiomers or diastereomers and to their mixtures.
• A is hydrogen
• the 3-aryluracils I can be present in the form of their agriculturally utilizable salts, the nature of the salt generally not mattering.
• the salts of those bases are suitable in which the herbicidal action is not adversely affected in comparison with the free compound I.
• Suitable basic salts are paticularly those of the alkali metals, preferably sodium and potassium salts, the alkaline earth metals, preferably calcium and magnesium salts, those of the transition metals, preferably zinc and iron salts, and also ammonium salts in which the ammonium ion, if desired, can carry one to three C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or hydroxy-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl substituents and/or a phenyl or benzyl substituent, preferably diisopropylammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, trimethylbenzylammonium and trimethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium salts, in addition phosphonium salts, sulfonium salts such as preferably tri (C 1 -C 4 -alkyl)-sulfonium salts, and sulfoxonium salts such as preferably tri(C 1 -C 4
• benzyl 1-phenylethyl, 2-phenylethyl, 1-phenylprop-1-yl, 2-phenylprop-1-yl, 3-phenylprop-1-yl, 1-phenylbut-1-yl, 2-phenylbut-1-yl, 3-phenylbut-1-yl,
• prop-1-en-1-yl prop-2-en-1-yl, 1-methylethenyl, n-buten-1-yl, n-buten-2-yl, n-buten-3-yl, 1-methyl-prop-1-en-1-yl, 2-methyl-prop-1-en-1-yl, 1-methyl-prop-2-en-1-yl or
• prop-1-yn-1-yl prop-2-yn-1-yl, but-1-yn-1-yl, but-1-yn-3-yl, but-1-yn-4-yl, but-2-yn-1-yl, pent-1-in-1-yl, n-pent-1-yn-3-yl, n-pent-1-yn-4-yl, n-pent-1-yn-5-yl, n-pent-2-yn-1-yl, n-pent-2-yn-4-yl, n-pent-2-yn-5-yl, 3-methylbut-1-yn-3-yl, 3-methylbut-1-yn-4-yl, n-hex-1-yn-1-yl, n-hex-1-yn-3-yl, n-hex-1-yn-4-yl, n-hex-1-yn-5-yl, n-hex-1-yn-6-yl, n-hex-2-
• (C 1 -C 6 -alkyl)carbonyl methylcarbonyl , ethylcarbonyl, n-propylcarbonyl, 1-methylethylcarbonyl, n-butylcarbonyl, 1-methylpropylcarbonyl, 2-methylpropylcarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylethylcarbonyl, n-pentylcarbonyl , 1-methylbutylcarbonyl,
• C 1 -C 4 -alkylsulfenyl methylsulfenyl, ethylsulfenyl,
• n-propylsulfenyl 1-methylethylsulfenyl, n-butylsulfenyl, 1-methylpropylsulfenyl, 2-methylpropylsulfenyl, 1,1-di-methylethylsulfenyl, n-pentylsulfenyl, 1-methylbutylsulfenyl, 2-methylbutylsulfenyl, 3-methylbutylsulfenyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylsulfenyl, 1-ethylpropylsulfenyl, 1,1-dimethylpropylsulfenyl, 1,2-dimethylpropylsulfenyl, n-hexylsulfenyl,
• - C 1 -C 4 -alkylsulfonyl methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, 1-methylethylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, 1-methylpropylsulfonyl, 2-methylpropylsulfonyl, 1,1-dimethylethylsulfonyl, n-pentylsulfonyl, 1-methylbutylsulfonyl, 2-methylbutylsulfonyl, 3-methylbutylsulfonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1-ethylpropylsulfonyl, 1,1-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1,2-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, n-hexylsulfonyl, 1-methylpentylsulf
• cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl
• - C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkoxy cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy and cyclooctyloxy.
• 3- to 7-membered heterocycles are oxiranyl
• All phenyl and heterocyclic rings are preferably unsubstituted or carry a halogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl or methoxy substituent.
• the variables preferably have the following meanings, to be specific in each case per se alone or in combination:
• A is amino or methyl
• R 1 is hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine, particularly preferably hydrogen or fluorine;
• R 2 is halogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkylsulfonyl, particularly preferably C 1 -C 4 -haloalkyl, in particular trifluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl;
• R 3 is hydrogen or halogen
• X is oxygen or -N(R 7 )-, where R 7 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; Y 1 and Y 2 are oxygen; Z is oxygen or -N( R 8 ) - ;
• R 5 , R 6 and R 8 independently of one another are hydrogen or
• R 4 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl, (C 1 -C 6 -alkyl)carbonyl, (C 3 -C 6 - alkenyl)carbonyl, (C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl)carbonyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkylsulfonyl, where each of the last-mentioned 9 radicals, if desired, can additionally carry one or two substituents, in each case selected from the group consisting of - halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl,
• heterocyclylcarbonyl or heterocyclylcarbonyloxy group having one to three hetero atoms as ring members, selected from the group consisting of two oxygen atoms, two sulfur atoms and 3 nitrogen atoms, where the heterocycle can be saturated, partially or completely unsaturated or aromatic and, if desired, can carry one to three substituents, in each case selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitro, cyano, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl and (C 1 -C 6 -alkyl)carbonyl, - a group -CO-R 9 , -O-CO-R 9 , -CO-OR 9 , -O-CO-OR 9 , -CO-SR 9 , -O- CO-SR 9 , -CO-N(R 9 )R 10 , -O-CO-N(R 9 )R 10 , -N
• R 9 being hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl,
• R 10 being hydrogen, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy,
• R 11 being C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy or C 3 -C 6 -alkenyloxy
• R 12 being ( C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy )carbonyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl.
• Z is -N(R 8 )- and R 8 , together with R 6 , is a second chemical bond.
• R 4 is particularly preferably: hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyl or C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl, where each of the last-mentioned 4 radicals can carry one of the following substituents: halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkoxy, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyloxy, C 3 -C 6 -alkynyloxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 -alkylsulfenyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkylidene
• R 9 being hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or (C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy)- carbonyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, and
• R 10 being hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl.
• Very particularly preferred 1-aryluracils of the formula I are further the following: - the compounds lb.01 - lb.97, which only differ from the
• the 3-aryluracils of the formula I can be obtained in various ways, for example by one of the following processes:
• L 1 is lower alkyl, preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, or phenyl.
• cyclization is carried out in an inert organic solvent or diluent which is aprotic, for example in an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in an aromatic such as benzene or toluene or in a polar solvent such as dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide.
• a polar solvent such as dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide.
• polar solvent such as dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide
• water may also be suitable as a diluent.
• Suitable bases are preferably alkali metal alkoxides, in particular the sodium alkoxides, alkali metal hydroxides, in particular sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and metal hydrides, in particular sodium hydride.
• sodium hydride it has proven advantageous to work in an aliphatic or cyclic ether, in dimethylformamide or in dimethyl sulfoxide.
• reaction temperature is from -78oC to the boiling point of the respective reaction mixture, in particular -60 to 60oC.
• a in formula III or IV is hydrogen
• the product is obtained as a metal salt, the metal corresponding to the cation of the base used.
• Suitable methylating agents are, for example, methyl halides, preferably methyl chloride, iodide or bromide, and also dimethyl sulfate, methyl methanesulfonate (methyl mesylate), methyl benzenesulfonate, methyl p-toluenesulfonate (methyl tosylate), methyl p-bromobenzenesulfonate (methyl brosylate), methyl tri-fluoromethanesulfonate (methyl triflate) and diazomethane.
• methyl halides preferably methyl chloride, iodide or bromide
• the reaction is carried out in an inert organic solvent, for example in a protic solvent such as the lower alcohols, preferably in ethanol, if appropriate as a mixture with water, or in an aprotic solvent, eg. in an aliphatic or cyclic ether, preferably in 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in an aliphatic ketone, preferably in acetone, in an amide, preferably in dimethylformamide, in a sulfoxide, preferably in dimethyl sulfoxide, in a urea such as tetramethylurea or 1,3-dimethyltetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, in a carboxylic acid ester such as ethyl acetate, or in a halogenated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon such as dichloromethane or chlorobenzene.
• a protic solvent such as the lower alcohols, preferably in
• Suitable bases are inorganic bases, eg. carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, hydrogen carbonates such as sodium and potassium hydrogen carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride, and also organic bases, eg. amines such as triethylamine, pyridine and N,N-di- ethylaniline, or alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide and potassium tert-butoxide.
• inorganic bases eg. carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, hydrogen carbonates such as sodium and potassium hydrogen carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride
• organic bases eg. amines such as triethylamine, pyridine and N,N-di- ethylaniline, or alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide and potassium tert-but
• the amount of base and methylating agent is preferably in each case 0.5- to 2-times the molar amount, based on the amount of starting compound.
• reaction temperature is from -78oC to the boiling point of the reaction mixture, in particular -60 to 60oC.
• excess base eg. sodium hydride, sodium alkoxide or sodium carbonate.
• the salts of those compounds I in which A is hydrogen can also be obtained in a manner known per se from the products of method A.
• the aqueous solution of an inorganic or organic base for example, is treated with the substituted 3-aryluracil I in which A is hydrogen. Salt formation normally takes place at an adequate rate even at 20-25oC.
• the salt of the 3-aryluracil can then be isolated, for example, by precipitating with a suitable inert solvent or by evaporating the solvent.
• Salts of the 3-aryluracils whose metal ion is not an alkali metal ion can customarily be prepared by double decomposition of the corresponding alkali metal salt in aqueous solution. In this manner, for example, 3-aryluracil metal salts which are insoluble in water can be prepared.
• HOSA hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid
• the amination can be carried out in a manner known per se (see, for example, T. Sheradsky, Tetrahedron Lett. 1968, 1909; M.P. Wentland et al., J. Med. Chem. 27 (1984) 1103 and in particular EP-A 240 194, EP-A 476 697 and EP-A 517 181, where the amination of uracils is described).
• reaction is carried out in a polar solvent, for example in dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or in ethyl acetate, which has previously proven particularly suitable.
• a polar solvent for example in dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or in ethyl acetate, which has previously proven particularly suitable.
• Suitable bases are, for example, alkali metal carbonates such as potassium carbonate, alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide and potassium tert-butoxide or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride.
• the amount of base and aminating agent is preferably in each case 0.5- to 2-times the molar amount, based on the amount of starting compound.
• Sulfurization is carried out as a rule in an inert solvent or diluent, for example in an aromatic hydrocarbon such as toluene or the xylenes, in an ether such as diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane or tetrahydrofuran, or in an organic amine such as pyridine.
• an inert solvent or diluent for example in an aromatic hydrocarbon such as toluene or the xylenes, in an ether such as diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane or tetrahydrofuran, or in an organic amine such as pyridine.
• a particularly highly suitable sulfurization reagent is phosphorus (V) sulfide or 2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadi ⁇ phosphetane-2,4-dithione (Lawesson's reagent).
• reaction temperature is normally from 20 to 200oC, preferably 40oC up to the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
• reaction mixtures which can also additionally contain starting material, customarily with the aid of conventional separation techniques such as crystallization and chromatography.
• Alkylation can be performed, for example, using the halide, preferably the chloride or bromide, the sulfate, sulfonate, preferably the methanesulfonate (mesylate), benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate), p-bromobenzenesulfonate (brosylate), the trifluoromethanesulfonate (trifate) or the diazo compound of an unsubstituted or substituted alkane, cycloalkane, haloalkane, alkene or alkyne.
• the halide preferably the chloride or bromide
• the sulfate, sulfonate preferably the methanesulfonate (mesylate), benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate), p-bromobenzenesulfonate
• the reaction is carried out in an inert organic solvent, both protic solvents, such as the lower alcohols, preferably ethanol or a mixture of ethanol and water, and aprotic solvents, eg. aliphatic and cyclic ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, aliphatic ketones such as acetone, amides such as dimethylformamide, sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide, ureas such as tetramethylurea and 1,3-di-methyltetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, carboxylic acid esters such as ethyl acetate, or halogenated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chlorobenzene, being suitable.
• protic solvents such as the lower alcohols, preferably ethanol or a mixture of ethanol and water
• aprotic solvents eg. aliphatic
• Suitable bases are either inorganic bases, eg. alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, alkali metal hydrogen carbonates such as sodium and potassium hydrogen carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride, and organic bases, eg. amines such as triethylamine, pyridine and N,N-diethylaniline, or alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or ethoxide and potassium tert-butoxide.
• inorganic bases eg. alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, alkali metal hydrogen carbonates such as sodium and potassium hydrogen carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride
• organic bases eg. amines such as triethylamine, pyridine and N,N-diethylaniline, or alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or ethoxide and
• a reaction temperature from -78oC to the boiling point of the reaction mixture is recommended, in particular from -60 to 60oC.
• Suitable acylating agents are, for example, the acid halides, in particular the acid chlorides, the anhydrides, isocyanates or sulfonyl chlorides of alkane-, alkene- or alkynecarboxylic acids.
• the free acids or their anhydrides are also suitable if the reaction is then carried out in the presence of a condensing agent such as carbonyldiimidazole and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
• the reaction is carried out in an inert organic solvent or diluent which is preferably aprotic, eg. in an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as 1, 2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, an aliphatic ketone such as acetone, an amide such as dimethylformamide, a urea such as tetramethylurea or 1,3-di-methyltetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, a carboxylic acid ester such as ethyl acetate, or an aliphatic or aromatic halohydrocarbon such as dichloromethane or chlorobenzene.
• an inert organic solvent or diluent which is preferably aprotic, eg. in an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as 1, 2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, an aliphatic ketone such
• Halogenation is carried out as a rule in an inert organic solvent or diluent.
• Suitable aliphatic carboxylic acids for chlorination and bromination are, for example, those such as acetic acid, or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
• acetic acid or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
• low-boiling aliphatic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid are particularly preferred.
• elemental chlorine and bromine are particularly suitable, or sulfuryl chloride or sulfuryl bromide, at a reaction temperature of preferably from 0 to 60oC, in particular 10 to 30oC.
• the chlorination and bromination can be carried out in the presence of an acid acceptor, sodium acetate and tertiary amines such as triethylamine, dimethylaniline and pyridine being particularly preferred.
• Elemental iodine is particularly preferred as an iodinating agent, in this case the reaction temperature being from about 0 to 110oC, preferably 10 to 30oC.
• Iodination proceeds particularly advantageously in the presence of a mineral acid such as fuming nitric acid.
• halogenating agent is not critical; equimolar amounts of halogenating agent or an excess of up to approximately 200 mol% are normally used, based on the starting compound
• L 2 is lower alkyl, preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or phenyl.
• suitable reductants are those which are customary, such as tin(II) salts and iron or preferably molecular hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as platinum on carbon.
• the reaction is carried out at a hydrogen pressure from normal pressure up to an overpressure of 10 bar.
• the reduction takes place at temperatures from -5 to +50oC.
• the hydroxylamines VIII are novel. Their cyclization to I often takes place even at only slightly elevated temperatures, as are customary for the concentration of reaction solutions. It is therefore particularly expedient to reduce VII and to cyclize the product VIII without isolation from the reaction mixture.
• the compounds I obtained can then be isolated and purified by a method known per se.
• the enamino esters of the formula IV are novel. Their preparation can be carried out by methods known per se, eg. by one of the following processes: L):
• the reaction is carried out under essentially anhydrous conditions in an inert solvent or diluent, particularly preferably in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst.
• Suitable solvents or diluents are, in particular, organic solvents which are azeotropically miscible with water, for example aromatics such as benzene, toluene and o-, m- or p-xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and chlorobenzene, aliphatic and cyclic ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, or cyclohexane, but also alcohols such as methanol and ethanol.
• Suitable acidic catalysts are preferably strong mineral acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, phosphorus-containing acids such as orthophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid, organic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid and also acidic cation exchangers such as Amberlyst 15 (Fluka).
• Suitable basic catalysts are, for example, metal hydrides such as sodium hydride, and particularly preferably metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide and ethoxide.
• IX and the ⁇ -keto ester X are employed in an approximately stoichiometric ratio or the reaction is carried out using a small excess of one or the other component, up to approximately 10 mol%.
• reaction procedure is carried out at a temperature from 60 to 120oC, for rapid removal of resulting water preferably at the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
• L 3 is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or phenyl.
• This reaction can be carried out, for example, in an inert, water-miscible organic solvent, for example an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, or a lower alcohol, in particular ethanol, the reaction temperature normally being from 50 to 100oC, preferably the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
• the reaction can also be carried out in an aromatic diluent such as benzene, toluene or c-, m- or p-xylene, in this case the addition either of an acidic catalyst such as hydrochloric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid or of a base, eg. an alkali metal alkoxide such as sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide, being advisable.
• the reaction temperature is normally from 50 to 100oC, but preferably 60 to 80oC.
• an essentially anhydrous aprotic organic solvent or diluent for example of an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, of an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon such as n-hexane, benzene, toluene or o-, m- or p-xylene, of a halogenated, aliphatic hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-di-chloroethane or chlorobenzene, of an aprotic, polar solvent such as dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphorand.de or dimethyl sulfoxide, or of a mixture of these.
• an essentially anhydrous aprotic organic solvent or diluent for example of an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as diethyl ether, 1,2-
• the reaction can also be carried out in the presence of a metal hydride base such as sodium or potassium hydride, of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxide such as sodium methoxide or ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, or of an organic tertiary base such as triethylamine or pyridine, where the organic base can simultaneously serve as a solvent.
• a metal hydride base such as sodium or potassium hydride
• an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxide such as sodium methoxide or ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide
• organic tertiary base such as triethylamine or pyridine
• the reaction temperature is preferably from -80 to 50oC, in particular -60 to 30oC.
• the enamino ester IV obtained is converted directly (ie. in situ) into the corresponding valuable product I according to process A) using excess base.
• Possible by-products eg. C-alkylation products in the case of compounds in which R 3 is hydrogen
• customary separation processes such as crystallization and chromatography.
• L 4 is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or phenyl.
• This reaction is expediently carried out in an aprotic, polar solvent or diluent such as dimethylformamide, 2-butanone, dimethyl sulfoxide or acetonitrile, to be specific advantageously in the presence of a base, for example of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxide, in particular of a sodium alkoxide such as sodium methoxide, of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate, in particular sodium carbonate, or of an alkali metal hydride such as lithium or sodium hydride.
• a base for example of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxide, in particular of a sodium alkoxide such as sodium methoxide, of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate, in particular sodium carbonate, or of an alkali metal hydride such as lithium or sodium hydride.
• the reaction temperature is in general from 80 to 180oC, preferably the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
• a sodium alkoxide is used as a base and the alcohol formed in the course of the reaction is continuously distilled off.
• the enamino esters IV prepared in this manner can be cyclized to a salt of the 3-aryluracils I according to process A) without isolation from the reaction mixture.
• This reaction is expediently carried out in an essentially anhydrous, aprotic organic solvent or diluent, for example in the presence of an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, of an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon such as n-hexane, benzene, toluene or o-, m- or p-xylene, of a halogenated, aliphatic hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-di-chloroethane or chlorobenzene, of an aprotic, polar solvent such as dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphoramide or dimethyl sulfoxide, or of a mixture of these.
• an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane,
• the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a metal hydride base such as sodium or potassium hydride, of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxide such as sodium methoxide or ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, or of an organic nitrogen base such as triethylamine or pyridine, where the organic base can simultaneously serve as a solvent.
• a metal hydride base such as sodium or potassium hydride
• an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxide such as sodium methoxide or ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide
• organic nitrogen base such as triethylamine or pyridine
• the starting materials are employed in stoichiometric amounts or one of the components is used in an excess of up to approximately 20 mol%. If the reaction is carried out with-out solvent in the presence of an organic base, the latter is advantageously present in an even greater excess.
• the reaction temperature is in general from -80 to 150oC, preferably -30oC to the boiling point of the respective reaction mixure.
• the enamine carboxylates of the formula V are also novel; they too can be prepared in a manner known per se, for example from the aniline derivatives of the formula XV according to the following reaction scheme:
• the reaction of XV with XVI is preferably carried out in an anhydrous inert aprotic solvent, for example a halogenated hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride or chlorobenzene, an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene or o-, m- or p-xylene, or an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane.
• an anhydrous inert aprotic solvent for example a halogenated hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride or chlorobenzene,
• reaction temperature in this reaction is in general from approximately 70 to 140oC, in particular 100 to 120oC.
• reaction of XV with XVII is an aminolysis which as a rule is carried out either without solvent [cf., for example, J. Soc. Dyes Col. 12 (1926), 81, Ber. M (1931), 970; Org. Synth., Coll. Vol. IV (1963), 80 and J.A.C.S. 70 (1948), 2402] or in an inert anhydrous solvent/diluent, in particular in an aprotic solvent, for example in an aromatic such as toluene or o-, m- or p-xylene or a halogenated aromatic such as chlorobenzene.
• a basic catalyst for example of a relatively high-boiling amine [see, for example, Helv. Chim. Acta 11 (1928), 779 and U.S. 2,416,738] or pyridine, is recommended.
• the reaction temperature is preferably from about 20 to 160oC.
• the starting compounds are in each case employed in approximately stoichiometric amounts or the reaction is carried out using a small excess of one or the other component, up to approximately 10 mol%. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of a basic catalyst, normally an amount of catalyst of from 0.5 to 200 mol%, based on the amount of one of the starting materials, is adequate.
• the subsequent reaction of the compounds of the formula XVIII prepared in this way with the amine H 2 N-COOL 1 is advantageously carried out in a largely anhydrous solvent/diluent at normal pressure, particularly preferably in the presence of an acidic catalyst.
• Suitable solvents/diluents are in particular organic liquids which are azeotropically miscible with water, for example aromatics such as benzene, toluene and o-, m- or p-xylene or halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride and chlorobenzene.
• Suitable catalysts are in particular strong mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, organic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, phosphorus-containing acids such as orthophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid or acidic cation exchangers such as
• reaction temperature is from approximately 70 to 150oC; for the rapid removal of the resulting water of reaction, however, the reaction is expediently carried out at the boiling point of the respective reaction mixture.
• the compounds of the formulae X, XII and XIII are also novel. They too can be prepared in a manner known per se, particularly advantageously from compounds of the formula XV by: Q) Phosgenation of compounds of the formula XV and hydrolysis of the products XII with ammonia (derivatives):
• the process can be carried out in an inert, essentially anhydrous solvent/diluent or without solvent.
• the compounds XV are in this case preferably reacted with phosgene or trichloromethyl chloroformate.
• Suitable solvents/diluents are in particular aprotic, organic solvents, for example aromatics such as toluene and o-, m- or p-xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane and chlorobenzene, aliphatic or cyclic ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, or esters such as ethyl acetate, as well as mixtures of these solvents.
• aromatics such as toluene and o-, m- or p-xylene
• halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane and chlorobenzene
• aliphatic or cyclic ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane
• esters such as
• a base such as triethylamine
• the addition of a base such as triethylamine may be advantageous, for example in a 0.5- to 2-times molar amount, based on the amount of XV.
• the phenyl isocyanates XII are customarily formed at reaction temperatures from 50oC to the boiling point of the reaction mixture; they can then be reacted with ammonia or a reactive derivative of ammonia to give the phenylurea derivatives X.
• M ⁇ is the equivalent of a metal ion, in particular an alkali metal ion such as sodium or potassium.
• the reaction is carried out as a rule in an inert
• solvent/diluent for example in an aromatic hydrocarbon such as toluene or the xylenes, in an aliphatic or cyclic ether such as tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in a lower alcohol such as methanol or ethanol, in water or in a mixture of these.
• the amount of cyanate is not critical; for complete reaction, at least equimolar amounts of aniline derivative XV and cyanate are needed, but an excess of cyanate, of up to approximately 100 mol%, can also offer advantages.
• the reaction temperature is in general from 0oC to the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
• L 5 is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy or phenoxy.
• Suitable solvents/diluents are, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and the xylenes, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane and chlorobenzene, aliphatic or cyclic ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, esters such as ethyl acetate, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, or water or mixtures of an organic solvent and water.
• aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and the xylenes
• halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane and chlorobenzene
• aliphatic or cyclic ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane
• esters such as ethyl acetate
• the reaction is performed in the presence of a base, eg. of an alkali metal hydroxide, carbonate or alkoxide such as sodium hydroxide, carbonate, methoxide or ethoxide, or of a tertiary amine such as pyridine or triethylamine.
• a base eg. of an alkali metal hydroxide, carbonate or alkoxide such as sodium hydroxide, carbonate, methoxide or ethoxide, or of a tertiary amine such as pyridine or triethylamine.
• a catalyst eg. a Lewis acid such as antimony trichloride
• the starting compounds and the base are employed in approximately stoichiometric amounts, but one or the other component can also be present in an excess of up to about 100 mol%.
• the amount of catalyst is from 1 to 50 mol%, preferably 2 to 30 mol%, based on the amount of aniline derivative XV employed.
• the reaction is normally carried out at reaction temperatures from -40oC up to the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
• the starting compounds of the formulae VI and VII are known or can be prepared in a manner known per se (cf., for example, EP-A 420 194, EP-A 408 382, U.S. 5,310,723 and WO 90/15057).
• aniline derivatives of the formula XV are also known or can be prepared by means of known processes (see in particular
• the mixtures can be separated into the largely pure isomers by the methods customary for this purpose, eg. by means of crystallization or chromatography on an optically active adsorbate.
• Pure optically active isomers can also be prepared, for example, from corresponding optically active starting materials.
• 3-Aryluracils I in which A is hydrogen can be converted in a manner known per se into their salts, preferably into their alkali metal salts.
• Salts of I whose metal ion is not an alkali metal ion can be prepared by double decomposition of the corresponding alkali metal salt in a customary manner, just as ammonium, phosphonium, sulfo nium and sulfoxonium salts can be prepared by means of ammonia, phosphonium, sulfonium or sulfoxonium hydroxides.
• the compounds I and their agriculturally utilizable salts are suitable as herbicides, both as isomer mixtures and in the form of the pure isomers.
• the herbicidal compositions containing I very effectively control plant growth on uncultivated areas, especially at high application rates. They are effective against broad-leafed weeds and grass weeds in crops such as wheat, rice, maize, soybeans and cotton without noticeably damaging the crop plants. This effect occurs especially at low application rates.
• the compounds I or herbicidal compositions containing them can additionally be employed in a further number of crop plants for eliminating undesired plants.
• Suitable crops are the following: Allium cepa, Ananas comosus, Arachis hypogaea, Asparagus officinalis, Beta vulgaris spp. altissima, Beta vulgaris spp. rapa, Brassica napus var. napus, Brassica napus var.
• napobrassica Brassica rapa var. silvestris, Camellia sinensis, Carthamus tinctorius, Carya illinoinensis, Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, Coffea arabica (Coffea canephora, Coffea liberica), Cucumis sativus, Cynodon dactylon, Daucus carota, Elaeis guineensis, Fragaria vesca, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum, (Gossypium arboreum, Gossypium herbaceum, Gossypium vitifolium), Helianthus annuus, Hevea brasiliensis, Hordeum vulgare, Humulus lupulus, Ipomoea batatas, Juglans regia, Lens culinaris, Linum usitatissimum, Lycopersicon lycopersicum, Mal
• Phaseolus vulgaris Picea abies, Pinus spp., Pisum sativum, Prunus avium, Prunus persica, Pyrus communis, Ribes sylvestre, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Secale cereale, Solanum tuberosum, Sorghum bicolor (S. vulgare), Theobroma cacao,
• Trifolium pratense Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera, Zea mays.
• the compounds I can also be used in crops which are tolerant to the action of herbicides as a result of breeding, ineluding genetic engineering methods.
• the 3-aryluracils I are also suitable for the desiccation and/or defoliation of plants.
• desiccants they are in particular suitable for the desiccation of the above-ground parts of crop plants such as potato, oilseed rape, sunflower and soybean. Completely mechanized harvesting of these important crop plants is thus made possible.
• the compounds I or the compositions containing them can be applied by spraying, atomizing, dusting, broadcasting or
• watering for example in the form of directly sprayable aqueous solutions, powders, suspensions, also high-percentage aqueous, oily or other suspensions or dispersions, emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusting compositions, broadcasting compositions or granules.
• the application forms depend on the intended uses; in each case if possible, they should guarantee the finest dispersion of the active compounds according to the invention.
• Suitable inert auxiliaries for the production of directly sprayable solutions, emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions are essentially: mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point such as kerosene and diesel oil, also coal tar oils and oils of vegetable or animal origin, aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, eg. paraffins, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes and their derivatives, alkylated benzenes and their derivatives, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and cyclohexanol, ketones such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, eg. amines such as N-methylpyrrolidone and water.
• Aqueous application forms can be prepared from emulsion concentrates, suspensions, pastes, wettable powders or waterdispersible granules by addition of water.
• emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions the substances as such or dissolved in an oil or solvent can be homogenized in water by means of wetting agents, adherents, dispersants or emulsifiers.
• concentrates consisting of active substance, wetting agents, adherents, dispersants or emulsifiers and possibly solvents or oil can also be prepared, which are suitable for dilution with water.
• Suitable surface-active substances are the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts of aromatic sulfonic acids, eg. lignosulfonic acid, phenolsulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid and dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, as well as of fatty acids, alkyl- and alkylarylsulfonates, alkyl, lauryl ether and fatty alcohol sulfates, and also salts of sulfated hexa-, hepta- and octadecanols, as well as of fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensation products of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensation products of naphthalene or of the naphthalenesulfonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, ethoxylated
• Powder, broadcasting and dusting compositions can be produced by mixing or joint grinding of the active substances with a solid carrier.
• Granules eg. coated, impregnated and homogeneous granules can be produced by binding the active compounds to solid carriers.
• Solid carriers are mineral earths such as silicic acids, silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, bole, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground plastics, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas and vegetable products such as cereal meal, tree bark, wood and nutshell meal, cellulose powder or other solid carriers.
• mineral earths such as silicic acids, silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, bole, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground plastics
• concentrations of the active compounds I in the ready-toapply preparations can be varied within wide ranges.
• the formulations contain about 0.001 to 98% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 95% by weight, of active compound.
• the active compounds are in this case employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably 95% to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).
• N-monoethanolamide 5 parts by weight of calcium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 5 parts by weight of the addition product of 40 mol of ethylene oxide to 1 mol of castor oil.
• an aqueous dispersion which contains 0.02% by weight of the active compound.
• cyclohexanone 30 parts by weight of isobutanol, 20 parts by weight of the addition product of 7 mol of ethylene oxide to 1 mol of isooctylphenol and 10 parts by weight of the addition product of 40 mol of ethylene oxide to 1 mol of castor oil.
• an aqueous dispersion is obtained which contains 0.02% by weight of the active compound.
• aqueous dispersion which contains 0.02% by weight of the active compound.
• V. 3 parts by weight of the active compound No. 1.08 are mixed with 97 parts by weight of finely divided kaolin. A dusting composition is obtained in this manner which contains 3% by weight of the active compound.
• VI. 20 parts by weight of the active compound No. 1.09 are intimately mixed with 2 parts by weight of the calcium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 8 parts by weight of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, 2 parts by weight of the sodium salt of a phenol-urea-formaldehyde condensate and 68 parts by weight of a paraffinic mineral oil. A stable oily dispersion is obtained.
• VII.1 part by weight of compound No. I.10 is dissolved in a mixture consisting of 70 parts by weight of cyclohexanone, 20 parts by weight of ethoxylated isooctylphenol and 10 parts by weight of ethoxylated castor oil.
• a stable emulsion concentrate is obtained.
• VIII. 1 part by weight of compound No. I.11 is dissolved in a mixture consisting of 80 parts by weight of cyclohexanone and 20 parts by weight of Emulphor EL (ethoxylated castor oil).
• Emulphor EL ethoxylated castor oil
• active compounds are less tolerable to certain crop plants
• application techniques can be used in which the herbicidal compositions are sprayed with the aid of the spray equipment such that the leaves of the sensitive crop plants are not affected if possible, while the active compounds reach the leaves of undesired plants growing under them or the uncovered soil surface (post-directed, lay-by).
• the application rates of active compound I are, depending on the target to be controlled, time of year, target plants and stage of growth, from 0.001 to 3.0, preferably 0.01 to 1 kg/ha of active substance ( a . s .).
• the 3-aryluracils I can be mixed with numerous representatives of other herbicidal or growth-regulating active compound groups and applied together.
• suitable mixture components are 1,2,4-thiadiazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, amides, aminophosphoric acid and derivatives thereof, aminotriazoles, anilides, aryloxy/hetaryloxyalkanoic acids and derivatives thereof, benzoic acid and derivatives thereof, benzothiadiazinones, 2-(hetaroyl/aroyl)-1,3-cyclohexanediones, hetaryl aryl ketones, benzylisoxazolidinones, meta-CF 3 -phenyl derivatives, carbamates, quinolinecarboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, chloroacetanilides, 1,3-cyclohexanedione derivatives, diazines, dichloropropionic acid and derivatives thereof,
• the cultivation containers used were plastic flowerpots containing loamy sand with about 3.0% humus as a substrate.
• the seeds of the test plants were sown separately according to species.
• the active compounds suspended or emulsified in water were applied directly after sowing by means of finely dispersing nozzles.
• the containers were lightly watered to promote germination and growth, and then covered with transparent plastic hoods until the plants had taken root. This covering causes uniform germination of the test plants if this has not been adversely affected by the active compounds.
• test plants were first raised, depending on growth form, up to a growth height of from 3 to 15 cm, and only then treated with the active compounds suspended or emulsified in water.
• the test plants were either sown directly and cultivated in the same containers or they were first raised separately as seedlings and transplanted into the test containers a few days before treatment.
• the application rate for post-emergence treatment was 0.0078 or 0.0039 kg/ha of a.s. (active substance).
• the plants were kept in a species-specific manner at 10-25oC or 20-35oC.
• the test period extended over 2 to 4 weeks. During this time, the plants were tended and their reaction to the individual treatments was evaluated.
• the young cotton plants were subjected to foliar treatment until dripping wet with aqueous preparations of the active compounds (with addition of 0.15% by weight of the fatty alcohol alkoxylate Plurafac LF 700, based on the spray liquor).
• the amount of water applied was the equivalent of 1000 1/ha. After 13 days, the number of leaves shed and the degree of defoliation was determined in %.

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