Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
  • B01D53/84—Biological processes
  • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

• Biological exhaust air purification is a process for reducing the concentration of air pollutants through biodegradation.
• Microorganisms utilize the pollutants that are present in the process exhaust gases from various industries, e.g. from paint shops and printing plants, as a substrate for the construction of biomass and for their energy metabolism. This creates harmless compounds such as H2O and CO2 from dangerous substances. This is demonstrably a bioconversion of the atmospheric substances and not a bioaccumulation, which would correspond to a shift of the exhaust air problem to other environmentally relevant areas.
• Organic fillers make it unnecessary to add mineral salts, since these are usually contained in sufficient amounts for the microorganisms.
• the organic filter material thus serves not only as a carrier of the biofilm from a mostly sessile microflora from bacteria, but also as a moisture reservoir and source of nutrients. This reduces the need for control technology.
• the high water retention capacity of organic fillers favors microbial colonization.
• most of these biological filter materials have a very inhomogeneous structure, which also changes over time. Lumps are formed or the material becomes increasingly fine-grained due to repeated drying and moistening and thus causes high pressure losses. Another consequence is different dwell times in the filter, since there is a lot of marginality. This has a negative impact on the elimination performance.
• the aim of the invention is the development of filling materials on an organic basis for filling biological waste air purification systems which are intended to overcome the disadvantages of the previous materials while maintaining the advantages of biological filling materials.
• the organic material is said to be mechanically stable with a binder and against moisture insensitive pellets are solidified without losing the desired properties of serving as a moisture reservoir and source of nutrients for the microorganisms.
• the binder chosen should also be such that it can be easily biodegraded again at the end of the life cycle of the bioactive filling material.
• This object was achieved by adding a reactive binder from the class of the amino / phenoplasts and a suitable hardener to organic material such as e.g. Com ⁇ post and the compression while curing the binder to stable pellets.
• Packings produced in this way have all the advantages of the organic packing previously used. After an adaptation phase, they break down both good and poorly water-soluble organic air pollutants. Ethyl acetate and toluene were chosen as prototypes for such pollutants, and their biodegradation was measured in suitable plants.
• Stability Pelleting with the addition of amino / phenoplasts as a binder achieves long-term high mechanical stability of the pellets at the moisture content required for operational technical reasons in biological exhaust air purification systems. Profitability: Due to the increased stability of the pellets, the service life of the filling material increases, so that the fillings of biological exhaust air purification systems have to be exchanged less frequently. Lengthy start-up phases with a lower cleaning performance after complex emptying and refilling of the bioreactors are thus less common. Pressure loss: Fills with the new pellets have a lower pressure loss with air throughput than conventional filter materials and thus reduce the required fan energy consumption. Nutrient source: With compost as the main organic constituent, the pellets have sufficient nutrient salt availability for microorganisms, so that an additional nutrient salt dosage is not necessary.
• Material structure By changing the compost / aminoplast ratio and the pelleting parameters, a defined material structure can be achieved.
• Disposal Since the pellets only contain biodegradable compounds, the disposal can e.g. done through composting plants. Experience has shown that there is no accumulation of air pollutants in the filter media of biological exhaust air purification systems.
• Particularly suitable aminoplasts / phenoplasts are addition and condensation products of carbonyl compounds (especially aldehydes) with ureas, thioureas, melamine, urethanes and phenols.
• Compost structural material 30 30 100 Compost glue pellets 30 30 100
• Compost structural material 50 50 100 Compos glue pellets 50 50 100

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (2)

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• 1995
  • 1995-02-17 AT AT0029595A patent/AT401891B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1996
  • 1996-02-16 CZ CZ972573A patent/CZ257397A3/cs unknown
  • 1996-02-16 EP EP96901638A patent/EP0809530A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1996-02-16 WO PCT/AT1996/000026 patent/WO1996025222A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-02-16 AU AU46139/96A patent/AU4613996A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-02-16 JP JP8524520A patent/JPH11501862A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (2)

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