WO1996023112A1

WO1996023112A1 - New fire-proof housing which is fire resistant during a predetermined time

Info

Publication number: WO1996023112A1
Application number: PCT/ES1996/000011
Authority: WO
Inventors: Maria Desamparados Mateu Gil; Lorena Mateu Gil; Beatriz Mateu Gil
Original assignee: Maria Desamparados Mateu Gil; Lorena Mateu Gil; Beatriz Mateu Gil
Priority date: 1995-01-24
Filing date: 1996-01-24
Publication date: 1996-08-01
Also published as: EP0752505B1; EP0752505A1

Abstract

New housing which is fire resistant during a predetermined time, wherein is incorporated to the forged structure (1) a glass wool felt (2) on which is provided a parquet or mat formed of wood veneer (3) having expansion joints (4 and 4') on the sides, and provided thereon with a wood base (5 - 5'), and having vertical walls or facings (10) comprised of plywood panels (11), flameproof panel (12), and wood panel comprised of planks (13), with at the bottom part a metal square (14) secured to the forged structure (1) and to which are applied intumescent products, with at the upper portion of the structure a part (15) which fixes or assembles the panels (11, 12 and 13), having roofs (20) comprised of noble wood listels (21), with heat-insulating and sound-insulating felts (28) and intumescent tapes (26) with, glued on the listel (21), a second balance listel (22) made of wood or the like, and a third listel (23) which configures a profile having an upside down 'T' shape, and having optionally doors of various types, thereby obtaining a variety of embodiments of doors (41, 61, 81 and 101).

Description

NEW FÜ QO RESISTANT ENVIRONMENT DURING TJN TIME

D E S C R I P C I Ó N

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present specification refers to a new fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, whose obvious purpose is to resist the action of fire for a predetermined time, keeping in adequate conditions until the arrival of the fire service to people or materials incorporated inside, maintaining its shape and resistance during the fire, and having a substantially low thermal conductivity, the enclosure being able to be installed inside a building, or on a mobile, such as a ship, counting the enclosure itself with some doors, which according to their characteristics, allow to maintain the internal area in suitable conditions for a predetermined time, according to the characteristics of the doors themselves.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention has its application within the industry dedicated to the manufacture of fire constructions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In principle, all the materials used in the construction of enclosures or trained rooms To resist fire for a predetermined time, they must first gather a series of particular qualities, among which the stability, resistance, insulation and lack of toxicity stand out.

As far as stability is concerned, all materials must behave stably before fire, that is, they must not lose their mechanical performance, in the presence of a fire.

Regarding the resistance, the materials must have a high containment power to the flames and to the fire, while on the insulation, the materials used must be highly insulating to the heat.

Finally, as far as their toxicity is concerned, these materials should not release at any time, including combustion of toxic or flammable gases.

So far, it has been thought that the materials that meet the aforementioned conditions are configured as conventional fireproof materials, ensuring that their incombustibility will eliminate any danger in case of fire.

However, it has been found that the characteristics of the materials chosen and indicated above are not correct, since for a construction material to provide fire safety, the important thing is that, in an essential way, this one conserves its form and its resistance in the fire, with a substantially low thermal conductivity.

A material that meets these conditions is undoubtedly preferred to another material that cannot burn, but that loses its resistance faster when subjected to the action of the flames.

This reasoning is based on the fact that the materials in a construction, have the mission to support it and consequently create a usable space as a room, warehouse, etc., etc., so, if they continue to carry out this mission, even in In case of fire, they are valid, even if they can burn.

On the other hand, if they have these properties, they will make it easier to save the people and materials they protect, as well as give them time to put into operation the fire extinguishing system that may exist in the environment.

As an example, you can make sure that firefighters currently prefer to intervene in a fire with wooden structures and stairs, rather than perform their intervention in a building with structures and escalators, or with masonry works, since in In the first case, firefighters can take precautions when knowing the terrain where they act, while in the following two cases, the materials when heated by the action of the fire, make it difficult to transit, crack and collapse without warning.

Consequently, wood is currently being discovered as one of the most suitable materials for fighting fire. Objectively, wood is also one of the materials that best collect the four qualities indicated above, that is, stable, resistant, insulating and lacks toxicity, although nevertheless, the decrease in the consumption of wood in construction has been caused in large part, due to the poor quality of the materials used.

Also, in the lack of use of wood, it has influenced the inadequate application of the same, too frequently discredited before many builders, but nevertheless, the introduction of new technologies and new materials, allow the harmonic conjunction of the same, giving rise to the same in the appearance of a new product, which, when used properly, can act by putting obstacles to the fire, currently decanted as an ideal way to combat it, providing precious time that allows the protected people and materials to be protected. by the same, allowing also to put into operation the fire extinguishing system that may exist.

Obviously, the use of wood today as a material for the construction or manufacture of fire-resistant enclosures, must have a greater resistance, both to bending, to compression, a greater reduction and complete or practically nullification. complete conduction and thermal expansion, and at the same time, a reduction and cancellation of dimensional variations, that is, contractions and dilations.

It should be noted that, in the axial sense, wood in terms of dimensional variations refers, that is, parallel to the fibers, and under the effects of Moisture changes are practically nil.

Likewise, the wood used must improve the inertia and its mechanical characteristics, and should not vary depending on the temperature, consequently facilitating the assembly of the different pieces, whether they are joined by gluing, or by using Nailing, hardware, spy gas, etc., etc.

The aforementioned for the construction of fire-resistant enclosures, should also be applied to the doors of access to them or to the doors installed in homes, which must meet the aforementioned characteristics.

However, so far, there is no knowledge of the existence of a new fire-resistant enclosure, for a predetermined time, provided with doors equally resistant to fire, whose material used in a basic way is wood.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The new fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, which the invention proposes, constitutes by itself only an obvious novelty within the area of application in which it is incorporated, since from it, and using the wood provided with the characteristics indicated as suitable, allows the rescue of people and protected materials in the enclosure with the help of the doors, and at the same time it manages to delay the fire performance, leading to the arrival of the fire services of the surroundings. More specifically, the new fire-resistant enclosure, for a predetermined time, object of the invention, is constituted from the following elements. Namely:

- Floor.

Walls.

- The ceiling.

Doors.

- Windows

The floor or floor, known as pavement, will be supported or supported on the slab or structural element used, and will be composed of a felt of glass wool or similar product, classified as fireproof, with all the necessary requirements for your ideal performance.

Likewise, the floor will have a parquet or platform composed of several veneered wood veneers, and treated with fire retardant and intumescent products.

The floor will have the relevant expansion joint and the corresponding wooden baseboards.

Any other type of natural or synthetic flooring will also be valid, provided that it meets the four conditions of stability, resistance, insulation and lack of toxicity to fire. On the walls or vertical walls, these will be decorated on one side, forming a sandwich, and will be composed of plywood boards made of chipboard or fiber, with a fireproofing treatment, the board being decorated by one of their faces, and this face can be totally smooth and treated with veneers, sheets or natural or synthetic paints, or dispose of the corresponding reliever, by means of wood moldings, chipboard or similar.

These moldings may or may not match the sheet, sheets, papers or natural or synthetic paints mentioned above, and with a thorough compliance with the requirements in this regard.

The aforementioned board can also be constituted as a fireproof board, made of plaster, alabaster or fibrosilicate β, being able to be totally smooth or embossed and decorated in the same way mentioned above.

The walls will also have a fireproof, glued, screwed or nailed board, or with several of these harmonically conjugated systems, on the previous board, and this fireproof board will be composed or manufactured by using plasters, alabaster, fibrosilicates or any other product classified as fireproof and with a thickness according to the appropriate requirements.

The invention also has in the area corresponding to the walls, with another wooden board composed or formed of boards or slats glued together, of the same wood, or of another different from that used in the invention, having the same or with different densities, and fully and absolutely meeting the requirements in this regard, and having a predetermined thickness.

This wooden board, cited last, will be treated on both sides with the other decorative and fireproof boards, in order to compensate for tensions or throws that may be the cause of twists, cracks or warping.

Likewise, this last board will be the soul or frame of the sandwich, decorated on one side, and will be held vertically with one another, using known procedures or systems, such as grooves, tabs or tongue and groove

Horizontally, from the bottom, on the floor, this board will be equipped with a "U" shaped land, in which a metal or wooden square will be housed internally, fixed to the floor or structural floor, by using of a conventional system of screwed, nailed, glued, or welded, but in both cases, whether it is metallic, as if it is made of wood, this square will have intumescent products or pastes inside it, which will take action at a predetermined temperature in advance.

As for the top, the panel is secured by an inverted "U" which embraces board a whole facing or vain, being this part aforementioned as a ⁿ U ", made of sheet metal or any other product similar and suitable, being treated, if metallic, against rust, and in all cases, against any phenomenon that could damage it. These boards will be studied with widths in measures, multiples of each other, to consequently cover any space.

All the boards will be equipped with their rods, tongue and groove or joining tabs, both horizontal and vertical, which is the same to say throughout their perimeter, with intumescent products strategically placed in the joints or joints, and tucked into the wood, to make their appearance at temperatures calculated and predetermined in advance, to hinder, hinder and obstruct the action of fire.

Also, throughout its perimeter, the boards will be acoustically insulated with the appropriate products.

The ceilings, or rather, the false ceilings, will be made self-supporting, and will be constituted from a slat seen of noble, agglomerated or fiber wood, covered with natural or synthetic veneer, and this slat will be molded and equipped with a galce , where a polygonal shaped box will be supported, and inside which a felt or blanket of thermally and acoustically insulating glass will be housed, this box or drawer being provided in all its perimeter and by the upper and lower edges of paths intumescent tapes prepared to act against the action of heat, intumescent tapes being incorporated into slits that will be practiced on the sides of the drawer, mounting each of the drawers screwed, glued or nailed by its four corners, with a Neoprene gasket, synthetic rubber, PVC, or similar, which will give a great seal. On the ribbon of noble wood, an equilibrium bar will be glued that can be made of conventional wood, chipboard, plywood, of fibers or the like, adopting this third ribbon in the form of an inverted "T", and counting on a greater rigidity, in order to avoid twists and warps at the same time, being screwed at the top, using a fixing system.

It should be noted in a restrictive way, that the slats will be joined together by means of known mid-wood joints, but supported by vertical walls, also known as screens.

The slats will form symmetrical polygons, one with the other, that will serve as a record, giving access to the missing ceiling or ceiling, and will be formed with fireproof and fireproof decorative materials, as well as with intumescent products, strategically placed on the joints, to hinder and prevent the action of fire.

The exposed part of these registers, in the form of a drawer, will be formed by decorative, natural or synthetic veneers, glued on fireproof and fireproof boards, which will contain inside them felts of fireproof mineral wool, and these registers will be held by conventional systems , to the crossbars or crossbars crisscrossed in the middle of wood, as mentioned above.

The doors, in a first embodiment, can be constituted from a core or structural support element, which is constituted from a wooden board, which has been covered by all its sides, and in the case of the use of plates or sheets of non-combustible material, and at the same time, the door will be provided with a fire-retardant board that can be kept hidden by using a decorative sheet, which can be of different materials, and to present different ornamentations, according to the destination of the door in question, such as a wood veneer, a laminated board, a sheet of plastic methacrylate or similar, the mentioned plates being able to be or external moldings equipped with a suitable treatment, such as a treatment by painting, enamelling, varnishing or lacquering.

The door has a wooden pimeric cantor that internally includes a plurality of intumescent tapes, located or located in specific places to achieve its predetermined function.

The door in question has a frame, which will be properly fixed, and at the same time will have the relevant hardware.

Obviously, the door may have different densities in its construction, and according to its specific configuration, it will allow the action of fire for a greater or lesser time, an application that is carried out on the doors, and which can also be incorporated Rare in the windows, for which, both the frames and racks, as the leaves, will be constructed with fireproof wood and putties, pastes or intumescent tapes, on which the glass will be installed that will be prepared to withstand high temperatures.

Finally, it should be noted that the intention of The invention is to protect wood from fire, so care will be taken to insulate metal elements, as well as all those good conductors of heat, with intumescent, non-combustible or flame retardant tapes or products, in such a way , that fire can never be produced by heat transfer.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a descriptive set of drawings is attached as an integral part thereof, with an illustrative character and not limiting, the following has been represented:

Figure number 1.- Shows a properly sectioned side elevation view of the object of the invention relative to a new fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time.

Figure number 2.- It shows an equally sectioned side elevation view of the roof area.

Figure number 3. - Corresponds to a detail of the way of joining the object presented in figure number 2.

Figure number 4.- Shows the way of joining the external ornamental pieces of the ceiling, joined to half wood.

Figure number 5.- Corresponds to a view in perspective of the way in which the ornamental elements of the ceiling are left, joined to half wood, represented schematically in figure number 4.

Figure number 6.- Shows a plan view from the top of the object of the invention.

Figure 7 shows a sectional view of the doors and windows that are applied in the invention, which is configured lacking moldings, that is, smooth.

Figure number 8.- Shows a view similar to the object represented in figure number 7, but incorporating moldings.

Figure 9 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of the object represented in Figures 7 and 8, applicable in the object of the invention, appearing in this figure, a section of the frame frame and the flashing.

Figure number 10.- Corresponds to a view similar to that represented in figure number 9, incorporating moldings.

Figure number 11.- Corresponds to a third embodiment of the doors incorporated in the invention, the frame or frame appearing in section, and the flashing.

Figure number 12.- Corresponds again to a view of the object represented in figure number 11, in which moldings have been incorporated. Figure number 13.- Finally shows a fourth embodiment of the object that is incorporated in the invention relating to doors and windows, without moldings.

Figure number 14. - It shows again the embodiment represented in figure number 13, in which moldings are incorporated.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

In view of the figures numbers 1 to 6, it can be seen how the new fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, which is recommended, is constituted from a floor or pavement that will be supported on the floor (1), which It will consist of glass wool felt (2), or similar product, classified as fireproof, and on which a parquet or flooring (3) composed of several layers of wood glued together, and treated with fireproof and intumescent products will be placed , counting on the sides of the platform or parquet composed of the wood veneer (3), with expansion joints (4) and (4 ¹ ), and on which the wooden sockets (5) and (5) are incorporated ¹ ).

As mentioned above, any type of natural or synthetic flooring will also be valid, provided that it meets the conditions of fire resistance.

The walls (10) or vertical pavements decorated on one side, forming a sandwich, consist of a plywood board (11), agglomerated or of fibers, with a fireproofing treatment, board that can be fireproof, plasterboard , alabaster or fibrosilicates, smooth or embossed, and decorated as deemed appropriate, incorporating moldings or not.

Also the vertical walls or walls have a fireproof board (12), glued, screwed or nailed, or with several of these systems combined on the board (11), and this non-combustible board (12), can also be composed of plasters, alabaster, fibrosilicates or any other product classified as incombustible.

The walls (13) have a board that can be of two types. Namely:

A.- Wooden board composed or formed by boards or slats glued together, of the same or of different woods, of the same or with different densities, and with a predetermined thickness in advance, according to the requirements.

B.- Board formed by a wooden frame or frame, hollow inside, filling this gap or void by agglomerated panels of fibers or similar, duly fireproof, as well as wool or felt of fiber or glass or similar, that isolate, both thermally and acoustically.

The wooden board (13) will be treated on both sides with the boards (11) and (12), decorative and fireproof respectively, in order to compensate for tensions or throws that may be third party motifs, cracks or warps .

The board (13) formed by boards or tablets, as indicated above, will be configured as the soul or frame of the sandwich (10), decorated by one side, and it will be held vertically, one with the other, by using different groove, tongue or tongue and groove systems.

Horizontally, at the bottom, on the floor, this board will carry a "ü" shaped land, which will house a square (14) made of metal or wood material inside, and that will be subject to the forge or structural floor (1), by means of screwing, nailing, gluing or welding systems, but in both cases, whether it is metallic, or if it is made of wood, this square (14) will have inside products or intumescent pastes that will enter in action at a predetermined temperature in advance.

As for the upper part, the boards (11), (12) and (13), will be held by an inverted "U" (15), which will embrace the boards of a whole wall or wall, and this piece ( 15) it will be made of metal plate or any other similar product, being treated, if it is metallic, against rust, and in all cases, against any phenomenon that could damage it.

The boards (11), (12) and (13), will be studied with suitable widths in multiples measures of each other, to cover any space.

All the boards will have in their galces, tongue and groove or union tabs, both horizontal and vertical, which is the same to say in all their perimeter, both thermal and acoustic joints, as well as intumescent products, strategically placed in the joints or joints, and tucked into the wood to make their appearance, at temperatures calculated and predetermined beforehand, so that hinder, hinder and obstruct the action of fire.

The ceilings (20), or rather the false ceilings (20), will be self-supporting, and will be constituted from a slat (21) seen of noble wood, agglomerated or of fibers, covered with natural or synthetic veneer, the which will be molded and equipped with a galce where a box of polygonal shape will be supported, and inside which a felt or blanket of thermal and acoustic insulating glass (28) will be housed, this drawer or box being provided throughout its perimeter and by the two songs, upper and lower, of intumescent tapes (27), properly prepared to act against the action of heat, and these intumescent or similar tapes (27), will be embedded in slits that will be practiced on the sides of the drawer (26) for this purpose, and each drawer will be mounted screwed, glued or nailed by its four corners, with a neoprene gasket, synthetic rubber, PVC or similar, which will give the invention a high degree of tightness.

On the ribbon of noble wood (21), another equilibrium strip (22) will be glued, which may be of conventional wood, agglomerated or plywood, of fibers or the like, and that glued to a third ribbon (23), will give all the "T" shaped profile inverted greater rigidity, while avoiding tearing and warping, being screwed at the top with the fixing system (24) and (25).

The roof will be ornamented with slats

(30) and (31), joined to half wood (32), forming symmetrical polygons with each other, which will serve as a record, giving access to the false ceiling or ceiling, and will be formed with fireproof decorative materials and fireproof, with intumescent products strategically placed in the joints to hinder and prevent the action of fire.

The exposed part of these registers, in the form of a drawer (40), will be formed by decorative, natural or synthetic veneers glued on fireproof and fireproof boards that will enclose inside them some felt of mineral, fireproof wool, and these registers will be subject by conventional systems, to crossbars or crossbars crisscrossed in half wood as mentioned above.

The doors and windows can be constituted, as long as the current legislation is respected, in different ways, in order to obtain a greater or lesser resistance to fire, always forming doors and windows through frames and racks, with the collaboration tion of pastes or intumescent tapes, on which the glasses that will be prepared to withstand high temperatures will be installed.

In a first embodiment, the doors used in the invention, are constituted from a wooden support (41) that has an uncomfortable board (42), and an intumescent tape (43), having areas of wood, chipboard or fiber (44), and a lath or wood veneer (45), with tape protector intumes¬ cente.

On the sheet, there is a frame that has a wooden support (46), a wood veneer (47), an intumescent tape (48) and a lath or wood veneer

(49) that acts as a protector of the intumescent tape, existing in the panel, a wooden structural support (50), a fireproof board (51), a fire retardant board (52), a wood veneer (47), which has a cover ¬ joints (54), and moldings (53) optionally incorporated.

In summary, the door has a wooden board equipped with plates of fireproof material, which protect each side of the board, which is isolated from the outside, and therefore the possible range of fire in case of fire, through the use of fireproof boards and decorative plates, obtained in materials suitable for the use of the door, and treated with conventional procedures.

A perimeter edge of wood has also been planned, and intumes¬ centes tapes have been incorporated therein, and a continuous veneer that protects the intumescent tape.

The frame or door frame in this first embodiment is composed of a wooden core that includes fireproof plates, and intumescent tapes, as mentioned above.

In a second embodiment, the door (61), can be constituted from a wooden support (62), formed by four slats correspondingly connected to each other, existing between each pair of slats (62) a fireproof board (63) applied preferably in silicate and plaster, at whose ends intumescent tapes (64) are incorporated, with external moldings (65) or flashing that have three internal recesses, in which the intumescent tapes (64) are incorporated, and subsequently, slats or wood veneers (66) that act as protectors of the intumescent tape (64). The door (61) proper, is constituted by a series of internal bodies that make up the panel (71) formed by a panel, and the structural support of resinous or leafy wood, according to the requirements delimited to the door, being covered this area of the board (71) that acts as a structural wooden support for its larger faces, of two sheets of steel plate (74) that configure the shield, which is in turn clad externally fireproof boards (63) by their sides, having at the ends of the larger boards of intumescent tapes (69), similar to intumescent tapes (64), but smaller.

On the sides of the central structure, it is planned to incorporate two elongated pieces that form the outer frame (67), constituting the resinous or leafy wood support, existing on the outer board, and on its larger faces , two recesses, in which intumescent ribbons (69) are incorporated, and being covered on the sides of the door by a board or slat of wood veneer (70), which acts as a protector of said intumescent tape.

Continuing with the door area and externally covering the fireproof board (63), a fireproof board (73) externally coated with a wood veneer (68) of natural or synthetic material is incorporated, which can present any ornamentation decorative

Finally, this second embodiment can have moldings (74), which will have two recesses in which intumescent tapes (64) are incorporated internally and externally and incorporated in the board, acting as a protector of the intumescent tape (64) slats or wood veneers (66).

In summary this embodiment is configured from a panel or sheet comprising a wooden board totally isolated from the outside, by plates of fireproof material, and these by two fire-retardant boards, which are covered by a decorative sheet properly treated and presenting a perimeter edge of conventional resinous or leafy wood according to the requirements in which intumescent tapes are incorporated, one of them coplanar to the outer surface of the field and the other housed within said ridge, and there are intumescent tapes , located between the inner part of the edge and the edges of the fireproof plates, a sheet of wood having the wood that protects the external intumescent tape being arranged in the edge of the door leaf.

The invention has a conventional wooden core that includes fireproof intumes¬ cent plates, this area being the central area or core of the door regardless of the existence of a frame equipped with similar characteristics to the door, a flashing and optional moldings equipped with intumescent tapes and protectors thereof.

The invention can also have a door configured in a third embodiment, door (81) that is constituted from a wooden support (82), formed by five wooden bodies joined together, existing between each pair of slats or bodies of wood (82) a fireproof board (83), preferably made of silicate and plaster, at whose ends intumescent tapes (84) are incorporated, counting on the sides of the intumescent tapes (84) with protective bodies or parts (86), as well as the optional flashing or flashing parts (85), which have three recesses in the back, in which intumescent tapes (84) are incorporated and which are subsequently covered with slats ( 86), in order to protect these intumescent tapes (84).

The door (81) itself is constituted by a series of bodies (91), which make up the board, forming the panel and the structural support of resinous or leafy wood, according to the requirements delimited to the door, being covered this zone

(91), which acts as a structural wooden support for its larger faces, of two steel sheets (94), which form the shield, which in turn is externally coated with fireproof boards (83) for its four sides, existing at the ends of the boards greater intumescent tapes (89), similar to intumescent tapes (84) but smaller.

On the sides of the central structure, it is planned to incorporate two elongated pieces that form the external frame (87), forming the support of wood of resinous or leafy characteristic, and disposing on the external board and part of the internal one, recesses in which intumescent tapes (89) are incorporated, the outer lateral area of a protective body (90) being coated, while those located on the smaller faces of the bodies (87), are externally coated by the sheet external protective, made of any material that is considered appropriate, sheet that can present any ornamentation.

Finally, this embodiment can have moldings (95), which will have a recess in the face internal, in which intumescent ribbons (84) are incorporated and subsequently incorporated into the board, acting as a protector of the intumescent tape (4), slats or wood veneer (86).

Finally, it should be noted that in this embodiment the incorporation in the part (82), which configures the frame or frame, which has a larger size, and that is faced with the lateral area of the door, of a door is provided. embedded in which an intumescent tape (89) and the relevant external ribbon (90) are included.

In a fourth option or embodiment, the door (101) is constituted from a wooden support

(102), formed by five wooden bodies joined together or slats, existing between the first pair of slats (102) a fireproof board (103), preferably made of silicate and plaster, at whose ends intumescent tapes (104) are incorporated and protective bodies or protective moldings of the intumes¬ centes tapes (104), there is also an incombus¬ tible board (104), located between the two central bodies, substantially more thickened one in relation to another, and also having an incombustible board (103), between the thick wooden body and the external element (102), optionally flashing (105), in which the existence of three recesses can be seen, in whose inner zone intumescent tapes are incorporated ( 104), covered by slats (106).

The door (101) proper, constitutive of this fourth embodiment is formed by a series of internal bodies that make up the board (111), forming the panel and at the same time constituting the structural support ral resinous or leafy wood, according to the requirements delimited to the doors, this area of the board (111) that acts as a structural support of wood for its major faces, of two sheets or sheets of steel (114), being covered. they form the shield, which in turn is coated externally with fireproof boards (103) on its four sides, arranged at the ends of the larger boards (103) of intumescent tapes (109), similar to intumescent tapes ( 104), but of significantly smaller size.

On the sides of the central structure it is planned to incorporate two elongated pieces that form the external frame (107), forming the support of wood of resinous or leafy characteristic, incorporating four holes located harmonically on the faces in the external body major and minor, being of different dimensions, intumescent ribbons (109) and the door being covered on the sides by a board or slat of wood veneer (110), which acts as a protector of the intumescent tape (109), located in the external major side of the lateral body (107).

Following the door area and externally covering the fireproof board (103), a fireproof board (113) is incorporated, covered externally with a wood veneer (108), made of any material that is considered timely, regardless of whether it is natural or synthetic and can present different decorative ornamentations.

Finally, the invention in this embodiment can have moldings (115), which will have two recesses in which they are incorporated internally intumescent tapes (104) and externally and incorporated in the board acting as protectors of the intumescent tape (104), slats or veneers (106).

It should be borne in mind that the different metallic elements that can be incorporated in the invention, like all those elements constituting good conductors of heat, will be protected with intumescent, fireproof or flame retardant tapes or products, in such a way that fire never can be produced by heat transmission.

Claims

1.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, of those constituted from the use of properly treated wood, characterized by being constituted from a floor located on the floor or the like (1), walls (10 ) located vertically, and roof (20), incorporating doors and windows (41), (61), (81) and (101), with moldings or not, made of fireproof materials, and the floor being constituted by a layer of felt of glass wool (2) of fireproof quality, on which a parquet or flooring composed of several wood veneers (3) glued together, treated with fire retardant and intumescent products, collaterally arranging the wood veneers (3) of an expansion joint (4) and (4 ¹ ), and a socket on the top made of wood (5) and

(5 ¹ ), the walls or vertical walls being (10) forming a sandwich.

2. - New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first claim, characterized in that the walls (10) are formed by a board (11) made of plywood, fiber agglomerate, with fire retardant treatment, decorated on one side with or without moldings, sheets or the like, the board (11) may be made of alabaster or fibrosilicates, with the walls of a second fireproof board (12), glued, screwed or nailed on the board (11), manufactured in plaster, alabaster or fibrosilicate, or in any other product classified as incombustible, with a determined thickness, providing a third wooden board (13) formed by boards or slats glued together, of the same or different wood , with the same or different densities and with a predetermined thickness, this board being treated on both sides, by the boards (11) and (12), acting as the core or frame of the assembly (10), being held vertically with one another by means of grooves, tongues or tongue and groove , and arranging horizontally from the bottom on the floor of a landfall that takes the form of a "U".

3.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the second claim, characterized in that inside the landfall that takes the form of a "U", a square (14) is incorporated, manufactured in metal or wood, attached to the floor or structural slab (1), by screwing, nailing, gluing or welding, internally housing intumescent products or pastes, and having at the top, the set of boards (10), of a common fastener formed by an inverted "U" (15) that will embrace the boards of a vain wall, this piece (15) being manufactured in a metal plate or similar.

4.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first claim, characterized in that all the boards will be equipped with the horizontal, vertical, tongue-and-groove glands, of intumescent products located in the joints or unions.

5.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first claim, characterized in that the ceilings (20) will be self-supporting, and will be constituted by a slat seen of noble wood (21), agglomerated or of fibers , covered with natural or synthetic sheet, molded and equipped with a galce where a polygonal shaped box will rest, on whose Inside, a felt or thermally and acoustically insulated glass blanket (28) will be housed, this box or drawer being provided throughout its perimeter, and by the upper and lower edges, of intumescent tapes (16), which will be embedded in existing recesses on the sides (26) of the drawer, and mounting the drawers screwed, glued or nailed by their four corners, with a neoprene gasket, synthetic rubber or the like.

6. - New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the fifth claim, characterized in that another equilibrium strip (22), manufactured in conventional wood, chipboard, plywood, will be glued on the noble wood slat (21). , of fibers, etc., etc., which glued to a third bar

(23), will constitute a profile that takes the form of a

"T" inverted, being screwed on its upper part by means of a fixing system (24) - (25).

7. - New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first claim, characterized in that the door is formed by a panel or sheet, which has a wooden board (41), isolated from the outside by plates of Incompatible material (51), and these, in turn, isolated by two flame retardants (52), covered by a decorative sheet, treated in a conventional manner, presenting a perimeter edge made of wood, equipped with intuitive ribbons (43), one of them coplanar to the outer surface of the ridge, and the other housed within said ridge, the intumescent tapes (43) being located between the inner part of the ridge and the edges of the fireproof plates (51), arranged in the edge of the door leaf, a continuous wood veneer (45), which protects the intumescent tape (43).

8. New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first and seventh claims, characterized in that the door has a frame that can be composed of a conventional wood core, which includes fireproof plates and intumescent tapes.

9.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first claim, characterized in that it can optionally have a door (61) formed by a frame that is configured from four wooden supports (62), between which, and placed two to two, a fireproof board (63) is incorporated, which has intumescent tape (64) at its ends, optionally attached to it externally, a flashing (65), which has three internally embedded, inside of which intumescent tapes (64) are incorporated, and subsequently, slats or wood veneer (66), which act as protectors of the intumescent tape.

10. New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first and ninth claims, characterized in that the door in its second embodiment, has a frame provided with a lateral wooden support (67), formed by two coupled bodies, existing on the external board, two recessed in their major faces, in which intumescent tape (69) are incorporated, and subsequently, are coated externally with a sheet or slat of wood veneer (70), which acts as a protector of the intumescent tape (69), an indeterminate number of pieces of wood (71) being made internally in the frame, manufactured in a resinous or leafy wood, which have on their external major faces, a steel plate or shield (74), being covered the set formed by the steel sheets (74) and the side pieces (71) of a board fireproof (63), preferably formed by silicate or plaster, which, at the ends of its major areas has intumescent tape (69) incorporated in a recess made in one of the bodies (67), being externally covered by the faces older, the central core, by a fireproof board (63), and later by a natural or synthetic wood veneer (68), which acts as a visible face.

11.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first, ninth and tenth claims, characterized in that in the second embodiment of the door, if moldings (75) are incorporated, these will have two recesses on their inner face, in which intumescent tapes (64) are included inside, and subsequently, slats or veneers (66), protectors of intumescent tapes (64).

12.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first claim, characterized in that the enclosure may be provided with a door (81), constituting a third embodiment, in which the frame is configured from five wooden supports (82), between which, and located two to two, a fireproof board (83) is incorporated, which has an intumescent tape (84) at its ends, externally attached to it, optionally , a flashing (85), which has three recesses on its back, inside of which, intumescent tapes (84) are incorporated, and later, slats or wood veneer (86), which act as protectors of the intumescent tape (84), appearing on the board (82) of greater size, a recessed in one of its smaller branches, specifically in the face with the door area in which intumescent tape (84) is incorporated, and its relevant protective strip (90).

13.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first and tenth claims, characterized in that the door frame (81) has a lateral wooden support (87), formed by two coupled bodies, existing on the external board and occupying part of the board or internal body, four holes in which intumescent tapes (89) are incorporated, and subsequently, coated externally with a sheet or slat of wood veneer (90), which acts as a protector of the intumescent tape (89), an indeterminate number of pieces of wood (91), made of resinous or leafy wood, which are arranged in its external major faces of a steel plate as a way in the frame shielding (94), the assembly formed by the steel sheets (94), and the side pieces (91) being covered with a fireproof board (83), preferably formed by silicate and plaster, which has s ends of its major areas, of intumescent tapes (89) incorporated in recesses made in the internal body 887), the central core being externally covered by the fireproof board (93) and later, by a wood veneer natural or synthetic (88), which acts as a visible face.

14.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first and twelfth and thirteenth claims, characterized in that if moldings (95) are optionally incorporated, they will have two recesses in their inner face, in which intumescent tapes (84) will be included inside, and later wooden slats or veneers (86), protective of intumescent tapes ( 84).

15.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first claim, characterized in that in a fourth embodiment, the door (101) is configured from a frame formed by five wooden bodies or supports (102) , between which two and two are located, three fireproof boards (103) are incorporated, which have intumescent ribbons (104) at their ends, an optional flashing (105) externally attached thereto which has three holes inside , inside of which intumescent ribbons (104) are incorporated, and subsequently, slats or veneer (106), which act as protectors of the intumescent tape, while the frame has a lateral wooden support ( 107), formed by two bodies joined together, existing on the external board, four embedded in their major and minor faces, in which intumescent tapes are incorporated (109), existing in the outer sides us, a sheet or slat of wood veneer (110), which acts as a protector of the intumescent tape (109), seen externally, attaching an indeterminate number of pieces of wood (111) inside the frame, manufactured in a resinous or leafy wood, which have on their external major faces a steel plate or armor plate (114), the assembly formed by the steel plate (114), and the side pieces (111), being covered with a board fireproof (103), preferably formed by silicate or plaster, which has an intumescent tape at its ends (109), incorporating a embedded in one of the bodies (107), specifically in the interior, the central core being coated externally on the main faces by a fireproof board (113), and subsequently by a natural or synthetic wood veneer (108), which It acts as a face.

16.- New fire-resistant enclosure for a predetermined time, according to the first and fifteenth claims, characterized in that if moldings (115) are optionally incorporated in the door (101), these will have two recesses in their internal face, in which Intumescent tapes (104), and later wooden slats or veneers (106), protectors of intumescent tapes (104) will be included inside.