WO1996012816A1 - Procede de production de proteines - Google Patents
Procede de production de proteines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996012816A1 WO1996012816A1 PCT/JP1995/002186 JP9502186W WO9612816A1 WO 1996012816 A1 WO1996012816 A1 WO 1996012816A1 JP 9502186 W JP9502186 W JP 9502186W WO 9612816 A1 WO9612816 A1 WO 9612816A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- host cell
- protein
- producing
- rate
- culture
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/76—Albumins
- C07K14/765—Serum albumin, e.g. HSA
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/38—Chemical stimulation of growth or activity by addition of chemical compounds which are not essential growth factors; Stimulation of growth by removal of a chemical compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a protein by controlling the rate of addition of a substrate to a medium in a culturing process.
- efficient production of a protein is achieved.
- the present invention realizes optimization of the culture environment in a fed-batch culture system using the specific growth rate // as an index by controlling the rate of substrate addition to the medium, and a method for efficiently producing protein.
- the specific growth rate // as an index by controlling the rate of substrate addition to the medium
- Protein production using culture technology or gene recombination technology utilizes the fact that the desired protein is produced as the host cells grow exponentially by cultivation. In order to improve the culture, it is necessary to maintain or control the culture environment so that the function of the host cell (cell function) can be used most effectively. For this reason, from the viewpoint of the cultivation process, various methods for producing a desired protein in a short time with high yield, which are suitable for cultivation production, that is, are studied.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a protein capable of producing a large amount of a desired protein in a short time by controlling the specific growth rate of a host cell in a fed-batch culture system by controlling the flow rate of a substrate into a medium. To provide.
- the present invention aims to provide a method for culturing host cells capable of producing a desired protein with high efficiency.
- the flow rate of the substrate in the fed-batch culture, the specific growth rate of the host cell As a result, the relationship between the production rate of the target product (protein) and the amount of the target product (protein) was examined.
- the specific growth rate of the cells during the culture was switched. At this time, they found that the productivity of the target product was improved without adversely affecting the function of the cells and the production amount of the target product, and completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides for the flow of host cells, preferably those in which the desired protein is constitutively expressed, or in which the desired protein is substantially constitutively expressed when the host cell is capable of growing with an inducer.
- This is a method of producing a desired protein by growing the cells by addition culture, and when switching the specific growth rate of the host cells from the initial specific growth rate to the predetermined specific growth rate, the switching is performed by expanding the host cells.
- This is a method for producing a desired protein, wherein the method is performed by continuously changing the doping rate of a dominant substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the time-dependent change in the rate of addition of methanol to a medium (Example 1) o
- Figure 2 shows the change over time in the specific growth rate of the system (invention) that continuously changes the methanol addition rate ( Figure a), and the system that instantly changes the methanol addition rate (control). It is a figure which shows the time-dependent change (FIG. B) of specific growth rate //.
- FIG. 3 shows a comparison of the concentration of the proliferating cells in a system that continuously changes the rate of methanol addition (the present invention, Example 1-1) and a system that changes the rate of methanol addition instantaneously (Control Example I-).
- FIG. 3 shows a comparison of the concentration of the proliferating cells in a system that continuously changes the rate of methanol addition (the present invention, Example 1-1) and a system that changes the rate of methanol addition instantaneously (Control Example I-).
- a desired protein is substantially and substantially expressed when a host cell can be proliferated by an inducer” means that there is some relationship between the growth conditions of the host cell and the expression of the protein.
- the substance necessary for the growth of the host cell is the same as the inducer, it means that the desired protein is expressed simultaneously with the growth of the host cell.
- inducer refers to a substance that initiates transcription-translation of a gene encoding a desired protein, and includes, for example, methanol, galactose, and sucrose.
- host cell capable of expressing a desired protein includes a naturally-occurring cell derived from nature or a cell mutated to produce a foreign protein (hereinafter referred to as "host cell”). And also appropriately referred to as a transformed cell.
- the origin of the host cell is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include microorganisms (eg, bacteria (eg, Escherichia coli, Bacillus), yeasts (eg, Saccharomyces, Pichia), and the like.
- Escherichia coli include Escherichia coli (hereinafter referred to as E. coli) K12DH1. M103. JA221, HB101. X600. XL-1 Blue. JM109 and the like.
- the present invention is not limited to these.
- it is yeast.
- yeast When yeast is used as a host cell, it may be a methylotrophic yeast.
- Suitable methanol-assimilating yeasts include, but are not limited to, yeasts capable of growing in methanol belonging to the genus Hansenula or Pichia, C. Biochemistry of methylotrophs, 269 (1982):!
- it is a methanol-convertible yeast belonging to the genus Pichia, for example, an auxotrophic Pichia pastoris GTS115 (NRRL Y-15851). Bichia pastoris GS190 (NRRL Y-1).
- Bikia's Pastoris PPF 1 (NRR LY— 1 8 0 17), Wild-type Bikia's Pastoris strains (NRRL Y- 1 1 4 3 0, NR RL Y- 1 1 4 3 1) and the like.
- the “host cell” is preferably a transformed cell capable of producing a desired protein that is heterologous to the host cell (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as a heterologous protein).
- the cell may be a cell having foreign DNA capable of encoding the amino acid sequence of a heterologous protein and expressing and producing a desired heterologous protein based on the DNA information.
- the method of obtaining the information is not particularly limited. For example, it can be obtained by transforming a plasmid or phage carrying DNA encoding the desired protein using recombinant DNA technology.
- host cell in the present invention is a host cell that produces HSA, and the preparation of the cell and the expression and production of HSA by using the cell are known and equivalent thereto. It can be implemented by a technique.
- a method using a normal human blood albumin gene Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 58-56684, 58-90515, 58-1-1) No. 5,051,177
- a method using a novel human blood albumin gene Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-198985, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1989-4866
- Method using synthetic signal sequence Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. No. 191
- a method using a serum albumin signal sequence Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
- the desired protein targeted by the method of the present invention is not specified, and may be any of the above-mentioned constituent proteins of a naturally-occurring host cell produced by the host cell; Evening may be the quality of the protein.
- the constituent proteins of the host cell include RNA polymerase, actin, enzymes involved in the respiratory system or glycolysis system, and the like, and the heterologous proteins include interferon, perokinase, blow-mouth kinase, and t-protein.
- tissue brass minogen activator tissue brass minogen activator
- G-CSF granulocyte colony stimulating factor
- IV [—CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor)
- HSA human serum albumin
- IGF inulin-like growth) Factor
- UTI urinary trypsin inhibitor
- HSA interferon, perokinase, prokinase, IGF, UTI, and more preferably HSA.
- the combination of the host cell and the heterologous protein is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately combined.
- Escherichia coli and interflon Saccharomyces, cerevisiae and Blow mouth kinase, Saccharomyces * cerevisiae and HSA, Pichia pastoris and HSA, and the like.
- the culture of the host cells can be performed by a fed-batch culture method using a medium containing various r, carbon energy sources and / or nutrient sources. That is, the host cells are cultured for a certain period of time in a medium (initial medium) containing a carbon energy source and / or a nutrient source suitable for the growth thereof.
- a method is used in which the target protein is not extracted out of the system until the end of the culture, while additionally supplying a substrate that governs the growth of the medium to the culture medium (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-83595).
- the term “substrate that controls the growth of the host cell” refers to a substrate suitable for growing the host cell, preferably a carbon energy source.
- the substrate examples include methanol, glycerin, sorbitol, glucose, fructose. Galactose, and sucrose. These are not limited to one component, and may be two or more components.
- preferred substrates include those selected from the group consisting of methanol, glycerin and combinations thereof.
- Preferred substrates when Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used as a host cell include galactose and sucrose, and when Escherichia coli is used, lactose and the like are exemplified.
- the mode of the substrate added to the medium may be the substrate itself, or may be the mode of a composition mixed with other components (eg, vitamin, inorganic salt, etc.).
- the form to be added may be any of solid form, powder form, condylar form, liquid form and the like, but is preferably liquid form which can be rapidly and uniformly dissolved in the medium. Things.
- the carbon energy source and Z or nutrient used for the initial culture of the host cell include known carbon energy sources and Z or nutrients suitable for the host cell to be cultured.
- Examples of the carbon energy source include glucose and glycerin
- examples of the nutrient source include a nitrogen source (eg, yeast extract, nokuta topeptone, casamino acid. Ammonia, ammonium phosphate, ammonium acid, etc.).
- Phosphate sources phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, etc.
- inorganic sources and other trace elements eg, iron, zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, calcium molybdenum, cobalt, etc.
- vitamins eg, Biotin, pantothenic acid, thiamine, etc.
- continuously changing the rate of substrate addition means that the substrate is added to a culture tank. Refers to changing the speed of a substrate so that it is continuous without interruption. As a result, the specific growth rate of the host cell gradually switches from the initial specific growth rate to the predetermined specific growth rate.
- specific growth rate of host cell Zj refers to the amount of host cell growth per unit time (hr) and unit cell amount, and is generally represented by the following formula.
- X represents the cell concentration (gZL)
- V represents the amount of medium (L)
- t represents the culture time (hr :)
- ⁇ and ⁇ t represent the changes in XV and t, respectively.
- switching from the initial specific growth rate to the predetermined specific growth rate means that the initial specific growth rate of the host cell is changed to a different predetermined specific growth rate during fed-batch culture. means.
- the preferred initial specific growth rate, the predetermined specific growth rate, and the switching time (in other words, the time during which the initial specific growth rate is maintained) can be obtained from the relationship between the specific growth rate and the specific production rate p ( Journal of Enzyme Engineering, No. 7 C ⁇ No. 5, 395-404. 1992).
- the specific production rate P as used herein refers to an increase in protein production per unit time (hr) and unit cell volume, and is generally expressed by the following equation.
- ⁇ represents the amount of protein produced (gZL)
- V represents the amount of medium (L)
- t represents the cultivation time (hr)
- ⁇ V the amount of virus produced
- the switching may be performed a plurality of times.
- the culture temperature used in the present invention is preferably a temperature suitable for its growth and production of the desired protein, depending on the host cell to be cultured. If the host cell is Escherichia coli, it is 20-46, preferably 36-38'C, and if it is yeast, about 20-35. 'C, preferably about twenty-three to three (TC, if the B. subtilis 2 8 ⁇ 4 0 e C, preferably 3 6 ⁇ 3 8'C.
- the pH of the medium can be appropriately selected depending on the host cell to be cultured, which is suitable for its growth and production of the desired protein.
- the dissolved oxygen content of the culture tank can be appropriately selected and employed within a range of about 10 to 70% of saturation.
- the specific growth rate of the Pichia yeast UHG42-3 strain capable of expressing and producing HS A (the preparation method thereof is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-28984) is defined as the initial specific growth rate.
- Preculture was performed using YPD broth (2% bactopeptone, 1% yeast extract, 2% darcos). Specifically, 1 mL (OD s ⁇ .0) of a cell suspension of Pichia yeast UHG42-13 strain cryopreserved in 20% glycerol was added to 30 OmL with baffle containing 50 mL of YPD broth. The cells were inoculated into a conical flask and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C. for 24 hours.
- YPD broth 2% bactopeptone, 1% yeast extract, 2% darcos
- the main culture was performed for a certain time in batch culture using a medium (initial medium) having the composition shown in Table 1, and then methanol was continuously added at the flow rate shown in FIG. Table 1 Composition of initial medium
- the rate of methanol addition was controlled according to the following equation [where t represents the elapsed time (hr) after the start of methanol addition. ].
- Figure 1 shows the temporal changes in the rate of methanol addition (solid dip from about 24 to 96 hours of culture, about 96 to! The 6th to 360th hour is represented by a solid line).
- methanol was added so that the initial specific growth rate of the yeast belonging to the genus Bikia was 0.025, and then methanol was added. Once the methanol addition rate is gently reduced as shown by the broken line in the figure, methanol is then added so that the specific increase rate of Pichia yeast is '' or 0.02. did.
- methanol was added so that the initial specific growth rate ⁇ ′ of the yeast belonging to the genus Pichia was 0.025 from about 24 hours of culture at the start of methanol addition to about 96 hours of culture, and then When switching the "predetermined specific growth rate of the yeast belonging to the genus Bichia" to 0.002, the addition rate of methanol was instantaneously changed to control the pull-in to 0.02.
- the addition rate of methanol in a system that does not switch to 2 of 2 was controlled according to the following equation [where t represents the elapsed time (hr) after the start of methanol addition. ].
- the time-dependent change in the methanol addition rate of the system is represented by the broken wing in Figure III.
- Fig. 2 shows how ⁇ is switched in a system that continuously changes the methanol addition rate (the present invention) (Fig. 2 (a)), and a system in which the addition rate is changed instantaneously (Comparison Control II). The results of comparing the switching of the in [Fig. 2 (b)] are shown.
- FIG. 3 shows the time-dependent changes in the bacterial cell concentration (compared to the present invention and control 1), and Table 2 shows the HS A production ratio at the end of the culture (the present invention, comparative controls ⁇ and 2). ).
- the main culture was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the feed medium shown in Table 3 was used instead of methanol.
- the culture solution is sampled at an arbitrary incubation time, and the OD 54 when measured with distilled water. After dilution so that the value is 0.3 or less, measure the absorbance at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV2200, Shimadzu Corporation), multiply the value by the dilution factor, The absorbance of the culture was used. Furthermore, the dry cell concentration was calculated from the absorbance using OD54 () 5.6 as an index.
- the culture solution was sampled at an arbitrary culture time and centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 5 minutes.
- the obtained supernatant was clarified and filtered by Ultrafree C3HV, and then subjected to gel analysis by HPLC under the following conditions.
- the culture solution was sampled at an arbitrary culture time and centrifuged at 15.000 rpm for 5 minutes. After refining the obtained supernatant with Ultrafree C 3 HV, HP under the following conditions Quantitative analysis by LC was performed.
- the substrate addition rate to the medium of the present invention, it is possible to realize an optimum pattern of the specific growth rate // and the specific production rate p required in consideration of optimization of the fed-batch culture system.
- this realization enables high-density culture of host cells by fed-batch culture, and allows efficient production of a desired protein in a short time.
- the method of the present invention is extremely useful as an industrial method for producing a protein having high commercial value such as HSA, IGF, Blow mouth kinase and UTI.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/666,435 US6068995A (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1994-10-25 | Method for producing protein |
CA002179825A CA2179825C (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Method for producing protein |
EP95935557A EP0736605B2 (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Process for producing proteins |
DE69530176T DE69530176T3 (de) | 1994-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Protein |
JP51378596A JP3661191B2 (ja) | 1994-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | タンパク質の生産方法 |
DK95935557T DK0736605T3 (da) | 1994-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af proteiner |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6/260728 | 1994-10-25 | ||
JP26072894 | 1994-10-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996012816A1 true WO1996012816A1 (fr) | 1996-05-02 |
Family
ID=17351933
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1995/002186 WO1996012816A1 (fr) | 1994-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Procede de production de proteines |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6068995A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0736605B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3661191B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100405944B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1254545C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2179825C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69530176T3 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0736605T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2191064T5 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW493003B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996012816A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013022070A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-14 | 三井化学株式会社 | 連続培養によるイソプロピルアルコール製造方法 |
US11725043B2 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2023-08-15 | DiaMedica USA Inc. | Ulinastatin polypeptides |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1659173A1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2006-05-24 | DSMIP Assets B.V. | Protein production process |
GB9902000D0 (en) | 1999-01-30 | 1999-03-17 | Delta Biotechnology Ltd | Process |
US9534245B2 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2017-01-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for controlling the fermentation process |
US10865416B2 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2020-12-15 | Boehringer Ingelheim Rcv Gmbh & Co Kg | Recombinant host cell engineered to overexpress helper proteins |
US11739166B2 (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2023-08-29 | Davol Inc. | Reactive polysaccharide-based hemostatic agent |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0383595A (ja) * | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-09 | Green Cross Corp:The | ヒト血清アルブミンの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5139936A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1992-08-18 | Collaborative Research, Inc. | Use of the GAL1 yeast promoter |
US5612198A (en) * | 1990-09-04 | 1997-03-18 | The Salk Institute | Production of insulin-like growth factor-1 in methylotrophic yeast cells |
WO1992013951A1 (en) * | 1991-02-04 | 1992-08-20 | The Salk Institute Biotechnology/Industrial Associates, Inc. | Production of human serum albumin in methylotrophic yeast cells |
US5330901A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1994-07-19 | Research Corporation Technologies, Inc. | Expression of human serum albumin in Pichia pastoris |
JPH08508875A (ja) * | 1992-05-01 | 1996-09-24 | 帝人株式会社 | 蛋白分泌細胞の流加回分培養法 |
-
1994
- 1994-10-25 US US08/666,435 patent/US6068995A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-10-25 KR KR1019960703391A patent/KR100405944B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-10-25 WO PCT/JP1995/002186 patent/WO1996012816A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1995-10-25 ES ES95935557T patent/ES2191064T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-25 CA CA002179825A patent/CA2179825C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-25 DE DE69530176T patent/DE69530176T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-25 DK DK95935557T patent/DK0736605T3/da active
- 1995-10-25 CN CNB951917072A patent/CN1254545C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-25 EP EP95935557A patent/EP0736605B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-25 JP JP51378596A patent/JP3661191B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-22 TW TW084112401A patent/TW493003B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0383595A (ja) * | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-09 | Green Cross Corp:The | ヒト血清アルブミンの製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0736605A4 * |
SHIOYA S., "Optimization and Control in Fed-Batch Cultures", HAKKOKOGAKUKAISHI, Vol. 70, No. 5, (1992), p. 395-404. * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013022070A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-14 | 三井化学株式会社 | 連続培養によるイソプロピルアルコール製造方法 |
JPWO2013022070A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-11 | 2015-03-05 | 三井化学株式会社 | 連続培養によるイソプロピルアルコール製造方法 |
US9150885B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2015-10-06 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Method for producing isopropyl alcohol by continuous culture |
US11725043B2 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2023-08-15 | DiaMedica USA Inc. | Ulinastatin polypeptides |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69530176T3 (de) | 2008-04-10 |
ES2191064T3 (es) | 2003-09-01 |
US6068995A (en) | 2000-05-30 |
DE69530176D1 (de) | 2003-05-08 |
CN1254545C (zh) | 2006-05-03 |
EP0736605B2 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
KR100405944B1 (ko) | 2004-03-22 |
DE69530176T2 (de) | 2004-01-29 |
EP0736605B1 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
CA2179825C (en) | 2009-01-27 |
EP0736605A4 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
KR970700775A (ko) | 1997-02-12 |
CA2179825A1 (en) | 1996-05-02 |
DK0736605T3 (da) | 2003-04-22 |
EP0736605A1 (en) | 1996-10-09 |
TW493003B (en) | 2002-07-01 |
CN1141652A (zh) | 1997-01-29 |
JP3661191B2 (ja) | 2005-06-15 |
ES2191064T5 (es) | 2008-02-16 |
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