WO1996004072A1 - Cobalt on alumina catalysts - Google Patents
Cobalt on alumina catalysts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996004072A1 WO1996004072A1 PCT/EP1995/002836 EP9502836W WO9604072A1 WO 1996004072 A1 WO1996004072 A1 WO 1996004072A1 EP 9502836 W EP9502836 W EP 9502836W WO 9604072 A1 WO9604072 A1 WO 9604072A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cobalt
- surface area
- transition alumina
- catalyst
- alumina support
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 silicate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBWXQDHWLMJOOD-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);dicarbonate;dihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O OBWXQDHWLMJOOD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical class [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000326 transition metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B01J35/60—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/75—Cobalt
-
- B01J35/392—
-
- B01J35/612—
-
- B01J35/613—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
Definitions
- the present invention relates to cobalt on alumina catalysts and to a process for making the same.
- cobalt is normally fixed on a carrier such as silica, aluminium silicate, alumina.
- the useful cobalt atoms are those which are exposed at the surface of the cobalt particles.
- the cobalt atoms which are not exposed (i.e not at the surface) will not participate in catalytic reaction.
- Cobalt is an expensive metal and, in order to optimize its use as a catalyst, it is essential to increase as much as possible the (number of exposed cobalt atoms/ total number of cobalt atoms) ratio of the catalyst which, in turn, increases the cobalt surface area per gram of cobalt.
- cobalt-silica catalyst It is known from EP-A-13,275 to produce a supported coprecipitated cobalt-silica catalyst wherein a reaction mixture of cobalt ions, silicate ions and solid porous carrier particles is prepared and allowed to form a coprecipitate of cobalt and silicate ions onto the solid porous support particles.
- the obtained cobalt-silica catalyst has a BET total surface area ranging from 150 to
- cobalt catalysts with a high cobalt surface area per gram of cobalt exist for cobalt on silica catalysts (and also for cobalt on carbon catalysts), but don't exist for cobalt on transition alumina catalysts.
- a cobalt on transition alumina catalyst is easier to shape by extrusion than a cobalt on silica . catalyst and the mechanical strength of the resulting catalyst is higher.
- silica can be unstable. Alumina, however, 96/04072 PO7EP95/02836
- sample is used for the analysis.
- the weight used to calculate the metallic surface area is that obtained after pretreatment.
- the sample is degassed and dried under vacuum at 120°C.
- the pretreated sample is then reduced.
- Sample is heated to 425°C at a rate of 3°C/min whilst hydrogen gas is passed through the sample at a flow rate of 250 l/min. Still with the same hydrogen flow the sample is maintained at 425°C for 18 hours. Under vacuum the sample is heated up to 450°C over a 10 min time period. The sample is maintained at 450°C under vacuum for 2 hours.
- the che isorption analysis is carried out at 150°C using pure hydrogen gas.
- An automatic analysis program is used to measure a full isotherm up to 800 mmHg pressure of hydrogen.
- the method is to extrapolate the straight-line portion of the chemisorption isotherm between 300 and 800 mmHg to zero pressure to calculate the volume of gas chemisorbed (V) .
- Transition aluminas are defined in "Ullmans Encyklopaedie der ischen Chemie", 4., neubector undixiee Auflage, Band 7 (1974), pp.298-299.
- transition aluminas in several categories:
- gamma-group includes, apart from gamma-A1203, all low-temperature forms such as eta-A1203 and chi-A1203. They are formed on calcination of aluminiumhydroxides at 400-750° C.
- the specific surface area of gamma-group forms of aluminas is in the range of 150-400 m 2 /g.
- the delta group of aluminas includes all high-temperature forms, e.g. delta-, theta- and chi-A1203.
- the delta group aluminas are formed on heating gamma-group aluminas at approximately 800° C or higher.
- the specific surface area of delta-group forms of aluminas is in the range of 50-150 m 2 /g.
- the transition alumina support is a gamma alumina or a theta alumina, more preferably a theta alumina.
- the cobalt catalyst contains 5% to 20% by weight of cobalt, more preferably 10 to 20 % by weight.
- the transition alumina support is a gamma alumina or a theta alumina, more preferably a theta alumina.
- the transition alumina support is a gamma alumina or a theta alumina, more preferably a theta alumina.
- Successive impregnation and precipitation steps may be applied to increase the cobalt content, the deposited cobalt hydroxycarbonate being converted into cobalt oxides during a calcination treatment at a temperature of 200 to 600°C.
- the product can then be activated with hydrogen gas at temperatures between 200 and 600°C preferably between 350 and 550°C and then optionally passivated .
- the dried product is calcined in an air flow at 350°C for 2 hours using a rotary calciner.
- Example 1 The dried product obtained in Example 1, after impregnation and before calcination is impregnated once again as disclosed in Example 1, under ii) and dried as disclosed in Example 1 under ii) .
- the dried product is calcined in an air flow at 350°C for 2 hours using a rotary calciner.
- Example 2 The dried product obtained in Example 2, after impregnation and before calcination is impregnated once again as disclosed in Example 1, under ii) and dried as disclosed in Example 1 under ii) .
- the dried product is calcined in an air flow at 350°C for 2 hours using a rotary calciner.
- Example 3 The dried product obtained in Example 3, after impregnation and before calcination is impregnated once again as disclosed in Example 1, under ii) and dried as disclosed in Example 1 under ii) . Eventually, the dried product is calcined in an air flow at 350°C for 2 hours using a rotary calciner.
- a catalyst according to example 3 after having been activated, was tested for its catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of aro atics, using toluene as a probe.
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK95926949T DK0775018T4 (da) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af katalysatorer af cobalt på aluminiumoxid |
JP50613396A JP3514463B2 (ja) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | アルミナ触媒上のコバルト |
US08/776,570 US5874381A (en) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Cobalt on alumina catalysts |
EP95926949A EP0775018B2 (de) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Verfahren zur herstellung von katalysatoren aus cobalt auf aluminiumoxid |
AT95926949T ATE218920T1 (de) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Katalysatoren aus cobalt auf aluminiumoxyd |
AU31151/95A AU3115195A (en) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Cobalt on alumina catalysts |
BR9508465A BR9508465A (pt) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Catalisador de cobalto sobre suportede lamina de transição e processo para fabricação do mesmo |
DE69527069T DE69527069T3 (de) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Katalysatoren aus cobalt auf aluminiumoxyd |
MXPA/A/1997/000735A MXPA97000735A (en) | 1994-08-02 | 1997-01-29 | Cobalt on catalysts of alum |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9415554A GB9415554D0 (en) | 1994-08-02 | 1994-08-02 | Cobalt on alumina catalysts |
GB9415554.6 | 1994-08-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996004072A1 true WO1996004072A1 (en) | 1996-02-15 |
Family
ID=10759249
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1995/002836 WO1996004072A1 (en) | 1994-08-02 | 1995-07-17 | Cobalt on alumina catalysts |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5874381A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0775018B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3514463B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100366385B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1089632C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE218920T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU3115195A (de) |
BR (1) | BR9508465A (de) |
DE (1) | DE69527069T3 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0775018T4 (de) |
GB (1) | GB9415554D0 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996004072A1 (de) |
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WO2010078360A2 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-07-08 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Preparation of cobalt-containing fischer-tropsch catalysts |
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EP0029675A1 (de) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-06-03 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Hydrierkatalysatoren, hergestellt durch gemeinsame Fällung eines Elements der Gruppe VIII, ausgenommen Eisen mit Aluminium, Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Katalysatoren und ihre Verwendung bei Hydrierverfahren |
EP0145094A2 (de) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-06-19 | Unilever N.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ein Übergangsmetall enthaltenden Silikatkatalysators |
SU1728222A1 (ru) * | 1990-03-19 | 1992-04-23 | Мариупольский металлургический институт | Способ получени ацетата кобальта |
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GB926235A (en) † | 1959-10-01 | 1963-05-15 | Chemetron Corp | Catalyst and the production thereof |
US3883444A (en) * | 1971-07-20 | 1975-05-13 | Grace W R & Co | Auto exhaust catalyst |
JPS51104488A (en) * | 1975-03-13 | 1976-09-16 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Shokubaitantai oyobi shokubai |
SU728222A1 (ru) * | 1977-07-01 | 1980-04-15 | Предприятие П/Я В-8584 | Преобразователь напр жени в код |
GB2101005B (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1984-09-05 | Asia Oil Co Ltd | Hydrogenation catalyst |
US4605679A (en) † | 1981-10-13 | 1986-08-12 | Chevron Research Company | Activated cobalt catalyst and synthesis gas conversion using same |
NL8201696A (nl) † | 1982-04-23 | 1983-11-16 | Unilever Nv | Werkwijze ter bereiding van methaneringskatalysatoren. |
US4927857A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1990-05-22 | Engelhard Corporation | Method of methanol production |
FR2556235A1 (fr) * | 1983-12-09 | 1985-06-14 | Pro Catalyse | Procede de fabrication d'un catalyseur a base d'alumine |
NL8501945A (nl) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-07-01 | Unilever Nv | Katalysator geschikt voor het ontzwavelen en de bereiding van deze katalysator. |
US4717702A (en) † | 1985-04-26 | 1988-01-05 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij Bv | Catalyst for conversion of synthesis gas to diesel fuel and process for preparation of such catalyst |
US4788174A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-11-29 | Catalysts And Chemicals Inc., Far East | Heat resistant catalyst and method of producing the same |
US5268091A (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1993-12-07 | Institut Francais De Petrole | Method for removing arsenic and phosphorus contained in liquid hydrocarbon cuts, nickel based retaining material |
US5358633A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1994-10-25 | Texaco Inc. | Hydrodesulfurization of cracked naphtha with low levels of olefin saturation |
-
1994
- 1994-08-02 GB GB9415554A patent/GB9415554D0/en active Pending
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1995
- 1995-07-17 EP EP95926949A patent/EP0775018B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-17 JP JP50613396A patent/JP3514463B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-17 DE DE69527069T patent/DE69527069T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-17 AU AU31151/95A patent/AU3115195A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-07-17 KR KR1019970700694A patent/KR100366385B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-17 US US08/776,570 patent/US5874381A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-17 WO PCT/EP1995/002836 patent/WO1996004072A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-07-17 CN CN95194467A patent/CN1089632C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-17 BR BR9508465A patent/BR9508465A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-17 DK DK95926949T patent/DK0775018T4/da active
- 1995-07-17 AT AT95926949T patent/ATE218920T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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EP0013275A1 (de) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-07-09 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Auf ein Trägermaterial gemeinsam ausgefällter Kobalt-Siliziumoxyd-Hydrierkatalysator |
EP0029675A1 (de) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-06-03 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Hydrierkatalysatoren, hergestellt durch gemeinsame Fällung eines Elements der Gruppe VIII, ausgenommen Eisen mit Aluminium, Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Katalysatoren und ihre Verwendung bei Hydrierverfahren |
EP0145094A2 (de) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-06-19 | Unilever N.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ein Übergangsmetall enthaltenden Silikatkatalysators |
SU1728222A1 (ru) * | 1990-03-19 | 1992-04-23 | Мариупольский металлургический институт | Способ получени ацетата кобальта |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9315, Derwent World Patents Index; Class E12, AN 93-124391 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001062381A1 (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-08-30 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Method for the production of cobalt catalysts supported on silicon dioxide and their use |
US6534436B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 | 2003-03-18 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Method for the production of cobalt catalysts supported on silicon dioxide and their use |
EP1392432B2 (de) † | 2001-05-08 | 2019-12-25 | Clariant Corporation | Methode zur Herstellung eines Katalysators mit großer Oberfläche und kleiner Kristallitgröße für die Fischer-Tropsch Synthese |
EP1457258A1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2004-09-15 | Institut Kataliza Imeni G.K. Boreskova Sibirskogo Otdelenia Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk | Katalysator und verfahren zur herstellung von kohlenwasserstoffen und deren sauerstoffhaltigen derivaten aus syngas |
EP1457258A4 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2009-12-23 | Boreskova Inst Kataliza Sibir | Katalysator und verfahren zur herstellung von kohlenwasserstoffen und deren sauerstoffhaltigen derivaten aus syngas |
US7851404B2 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2010-12-14 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Process for preparing cobalt catalysts on titania support |
US7939699B2 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2011-05-10 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Cobalt catalysts |
WO2010078360A2 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-07-08 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Preparation of cobalt-containing fischer-tropsch catalysts |
WO2010078360A3 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-10-28 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Preparation of cobalt-containing fischer-tropsch catalysts |
US8216963B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2012-07-10 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Preparation of cobalt-ruthenium fischer-tropsch catalysts |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69527069T3 (de) | 2009-06-25 |
JP3514463B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 |
AU3115195A (en) | 1996-03-04 |
BR9508465A (pt) | 1997-12-30 |
CN1154667A (zh) | 1997-07-16 |
EP0775018B2 (de) | 2008-11-26 |
EP0775018A1 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
DE69527069T2 (de) | 2002-10-02 |
ATE218920T1 (de) | 2002-06-15 |
CN1089632C (zh) | 2002-08-28 |
GB9415554D0 (en) | 1994-09-21 |
DK0775018T4 (da) | 2009-01-26 |
DK0775018T3 (da) | 2002-09-30 |
KR100366385B1 (ko) | 2003-05-16 |
EP0775018B1 (de) | 2002-06-12 |
US5874381A (en) | 1999-02-23 |
JPH10503422A (ja) | 1998-03-31 |
DE69527069D1 (de) | 2002-07-18 |
MX9700735A (es) | 1997-09-30 |
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