WO1995034240A1 - Appareil d'examen de tissus in vivo - Google Patents

Appareil d'examen de tissus in vivo Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995034240A1
WO1995034240A1 PCT/DE1995/000749 DE9500749W WO9534240A1 WO 1995034240 A1 WO1995034240 A1 WO 1995034240A1 DE 9500749 W DE9500749 W DE 9500749W WO 9534240 A1 WO9534240 A1 WO 9534240A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
image
area
tissue
optics
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1995/000749
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arnulf Oppelt
Hans-Erich Reinfelder
Heinz Morneburg
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1995034240A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995034240A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
    • A61B5/0084—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for examining tissue in vivo, comprising a light source, a light exit zone from which the light generated by the light source emerges during operation and falls onto the tissue to be examined, a light entry zone into which the light source is operated light coming from the tissue to be examined, optics assigned to the light entry zone, imaging means to which the light picked up by the optics is fed and which produce an image of the area from which the optics receives light, and means for carrying out spectroscopic investigations.
  • Devices of this type are normally designed like an endoscope. They can be positioned using natural paths or via artificial paths created, for example, with the aid of a trocar, in such a way that it is possible to generate an image of the region that is diagnostically relevant in each case. If there is reason to believe that the tissue has abnormalities in the diagnostically relevant area, a tissue sample is taken, usually through a biopsy channel of the endoscope.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a device of the type mentioned in the introduction such that a better assessment of the tissue in a diagnostically relevant area is possible. 2 According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device for examining tissue in vivo, comprising
  • a spectroscopy device with display and evaluation means, to which light of different wavelengths recorded by means of the optics is supplied.
  • the imaging means can be enlarged compared to conventional devices Generate image so that a better assessment of the tissue in the diagnostically relevant area is possible. Since light of different wavelengths can also be generated by means of the light source and light of different wavelengths (wavelengths) recorded by the spectroscopy device by means of the optics. range 380 nm to 1 mm, in particular 660 ran to 1.2 ⁇ m), it is possible to carry out spectroscopic tissue examinations in the relevant diagnostically relevant area. Because of the enlarged image, a significantly improved assessment of the tissue in the diagnostically relevant area compared to conventional devices is possible, so that the number of cases in which tissue samples are taken unnecessarily will be lower compared to conventional devices.
  • the device is designed like an endoscope and accordingly has a preferably flexible elongate shaft, at one end of which the light exit zone and the light entry zone are arranged.
  • the dimensions of the narrow area from which the optics receive light do not exceed the dimensions of the cross section of the shaft in the area of its end.
  • a good assessment of the tissue present in the diagnostically relevant area is possible if the imaging agents depict the narrow area with a magnification of at least 50 times.
  • the optics are designed in a manner known per se from US Pat. No. 3,561,432 as a variable objective that emits light in a first setting from the narrow area and in a second setting takes light from another area.
  • the diagnostically relevant area can therefore be easily found before the actual examination by placing the lens in its second
  • Attitude is brought.
  • a second light entry zone which receives light from another area during operation.
  • the image-generating means optionally produce an image of the wider or of the narrow area.
  • the image section corresponding to the narrow area is faded into the image of the wider area.
  • the spectroscopy device will evaluate light that has emerged from the light exit zone, reflected on the tissue to be examined or scattered back from it.
  • the spectroscopy device from DE 41 33 493 A1 evaluates, in a known manner, a corresponding irradiation of the tissue to be examined with light emerging from the light exit zone from the tissue to be examined fluorescent light.
  • the device has light guide means, preferably fiber optic light guide means, for connecting the light source to the light exit zone and / or the light entry zone to at least the Spectroscopy device or the imaging means.
  • light guide means preferably fiber optic light guide means, for connecting the light source to the light exit zone and / or the light entry zone to at least the Spectroscopy device or the imaging means.
  • the imaging means have an eyepiece for viewing the image.
  • the image generation means include a CCD image converter onto which light captured by the optics is incident, and means connected therewith for generating and displaying a video picture included.
  • a three-color image converter is provided as the CCD image converter, since this enables a better assessment of the condition of the tissue in the diagnostically relevant area.
  • the use of a three-color CCD image converter opens up the possibility of using this as a component of the spectroscopy device.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention in a roughly schematic, partially block diagram-like representation
  • FIG. 2 in a representation analogous to FIG. 1, a further embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 has a
  • Fig. 1 schematically indicated endoscope part 1, which is flexible in a conventional manner.
  • a lens 2 is provided as the light exit zone, to which light from a light source 4 generating white light is supplied via an optical fiber 3.
  • An adjustable filter device 5 is connected into the optical waveguide 3 and, depending on the setting, has the effect that either white light (A ⁇ ) or monochromatic light of different wavelengths ( ⁇ ] _,% 2 to ⁇ j ⁇ ) transmits.
  • the setting of the filter device 5 is controlled by an electronic computing device 6 to which a keyboard 7 is connected.
  • a solid angle indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1 is illuminated by the light emerging from the lens 2.
  • an optic in the form of a variable objective is provided as the light entry zone, which is referred to below as a zoom objective 8, to which adjustment means 9 actuated by the electronic computing device 6, by means of which the Focal length of the zoom lens 8 is adjustable.
  • the zoom lens 8, which is used in operation to record light emanating from the tissue to be examined, is assigned image generation means which have a three-color CCD image converter 10 arranged behind the zoom lens 8 in the form of a flat lens ⁇ chigen, ie two-dimensional arrays, video electronics 11 and a video monitor 12 included.
  • the zoom lens 8 is shown schematically in FIG. 1 as a three-lens lens with the lenses 8a to 8c, the middle lens 8b being adjusted in the direction of the double arrow x by the adjusting means 9 for changing the focal length.
  • the adjusting means 9 have a motorized adjusting unit 9a and an actuating element 9b connecting them to the zoom lens 8, e.g. a Bowden cable, on.
  • the zoom lens 8 takes light emanating from the tissue G to be examined in a first setting from a narrow range indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 1 or in a second setting from a dash-dotted line indicated further area. 7
  • the light emanating from the tissue G converges in the direction of the zoom lens 8, as is also the case with the aid of the marginal rays shown in broken lines in FIG. 1 Area belonging to the beam path is visible.
  • the zoom lens 8 In the position corresponding to the narrow area, on the other hand, the light incident from the tissue G to be examined into the zoom lens 8 diverges in the direction of the zoom lens 8, as is shown in FIG Area belonging to the beam path can be seen.
  • the zoom lens 8 thus images the narrow area enlarged on the CCD converter 10, preferably with a magnification of at least 50 times.
  • the dimensions of the narrow area do not exceed those of the light entry zone or of the cross section of the end of the endoscope part 1, this means that those dimensions are compared which result when the light entry zone or the cross section of the endoscope part and the narrow area are imaged by parallel projection in the direction of the main direction of propagation (see line A in FIG. 1) of the light entering the light entry zone in a plane perpendicular to the main direction of propagation.
  • the dimensions of the narrow area will not exceed those of the light entry zone, since the light incident from the tissue G to be examined into the light entry zone diverges in the direction of the light entry zone and, as a rule, the tissue G to be examined is a certain distance from the light entry zone will have.
  • the video electronics 11 is used to image the area in FIG. 1 Mark M indicated by dashed lines is faded in, which delimits that image detail in the representation of the further area which corresponds to the narrow area. So that the video electronics 11 only fade in the mark M when the further area is shown, it is connected to the line leading from the electronic computing device 6 to the adjusting device 9a.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible, as it were, to view larger tissue areas in an overview and then to specifically assess zones which are considered to be diagnostically relevant in an enlarged view. In many cases, where a sample had to be taken to be on the safe side, it can be dispensed with, since the enlarged view shows that there are no worrying tissue changes.
  • the electronic computing device 6 switches the video electronics 11 into a mode via a corresponding line, in which the image processing methods from which when using white light obtained image of the diagnostically relevant area, only that image information that is within a certain spectral range is "filtered out” and displayed on the video monitor 12.
  • the electronic computing device 6 can activate the filter device 5 such that it emits monochromatic light of one of the wavelengths ⁇ ] _, ⁇ 2 to ⁇ ⁇ (for example 670 nm, 780 nm or 850 nm).
  • the video signal obtained in this way passes via the analog / digital converter 13 to the electronic computing device 6, which displays the corresponding data in numerical, but preferably graphical form on a further monitor 14.
  • the endoscope part 1 is provided with a biopsy channel 15.
  • the zoom lens 8 it is useful to set the zoom lens 8 in such a way that it captures the narrow range when carrying out spectroscopic examinations.
  • the video image obtained can be displayed on the video monitor 12 while spectroscopic examinations are being carried out. In this way, valuable additional information can be obtained under certain circumstances.
  • the device according to FIG. 2 differs from the one described above in that two separate light entry zones are provided to accommodate the narrow and the wider area, which are formed by two lenses 16 and 17, respectively. Otherwise, what has been said above applies to the beam paths for the wider and the narrow area.
  • Another difference is that the light picked up by the two light entry zones does not fall on a CCD converter, but instead leads by means of two optical fibers 18 or 19 to an electro-optical switch 20 actuated by the electronic computing device 6, which, depending on whether the narrow or the wider area is to be imaged, the optical waveguide 19 or the optical waveguide 18 via a further optical waveguide 21 to a color television camera 22.
  • the video signal supplied by the latter arrives at the video monitor 12 via an image processing electronics 23 .
  • the image processing electronics 23 which is connected to the line connecting the electronic computing device 6 to the changeover switch 20, serves to display the mark M.
  • 4 light sources 4 to 4 n are provided in addition to the white light emitting light source, which emit monochromatic light of the wavelength ⁇ ⁇ to ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the light sources 4] _ to 4 n each contain a laser diode and the associated power supply unit.
  • Each of the light sources 4 ⁇ to 4 n is assigned a generator device 25] _ to 25 n , which modulate the supply current of the respective light source with different frequencies f] _ to f n .
  • the light sources 4 ] _ to 4 n thus emit monochromatic light of the wavelengths ⁇ i to ⁇ n, which is amplitude-modulated with modulation frequencies f] _ to f n .
  • the light from the light sources 4 1 to 4 n is coupled into the optical waveguide 3, like the light from the light source 4, via the n + 1: 1-channel fan-in coupler 24. pelt. With the n + 1: 1-channel fan-in coupler 24, the light sources 4 and 4 ⁇ to 4 n are connected via optical fibers 26 and 26 ⁇ _ to 26 n .
  • a beam splitter in the form of a 1: 2-channel fan-out coupler 27 is connected, to one output of which the part of the optical waveguide 19 leading to the switch 20 and to the other output of which an optical waveguide 28 is connected, which leads to a detector unit , in the case of the described embodiment, a photomultiplier 29 leads.
  • the electrical output signal of the photomultiplier 29 is fed to bandpass filters 30 ⁇ to 30 n , whose center frequencies correspond as exactly as possible with the modulation frequencies ⁇ to f n .
  • the output signals of the bandpass filters 30 ⁇ to 30 n thus correspond to those portions of the light from the light sources 4] _ to 4 n that were scattered back from the tissue G illuminated by the light exit zone 2 and picked up by the lens 16.
  • Signal conditioning circuits 31] _ to 31 n which can be logarithmizers, integrators or the like, are connected between the bandpass filters 30] _ to 30 n and the inputs of an n: 1-channel analog multiplexer 32.
  • the output of the multiplexer 32 is connected to the input of the analog / digital converter 13, which outputs digital data corresponding to the output signals signal conditioning circuits 31] _ to 31 n to the electronic computing device 6.
  • This preferably represents the data obtained in a spectroscopic examination graphically on the monitor 14.
  • an eyepiece 33 which is connected via an optical waveguide 34 to a 2: 1-channel fan-out coupler 35 connected as a beam splitter in the optical waveguide 21 .
  • a tunable light source could also be used.
  • both exemplary embodiments have a spectroscopy device and image-generating means.
  • the essential components of the spectroscopy device in the case of FIG. 1 are the light source 4, the filter device 5, the lens 2, the zoom lens 8, the CCD converter 10, the video electronics 11, the analog / digital converter 13, and the electronic computing ⁇ direction 6 and the monitor 14 and the light sources 4 ⁇ _ to 4 n , the n + l: l-channel fan-in coupler 24, the lenses 2 and 16, the l: 2-channel fan-out coupler 27, the photomultiplier 29, the bandpass filter 30 ⁇ to 30 n , the multiplexer 32 of the analog
  • the most important components of the image generation means in the case of FIG. 1 are the light source 4, the lens 2, the zoom lens 8 and the video electronics 11 and the video monitor 12 or light source 4, the n + 1: 1-channel fan-in coupler 24, the lenses 2, 16 and 17, the video electronics 11 and the video monitor 12 in the case of FIG. 2.
  • the outer shape of the endoscope part and its mechanical properties can be designed differently in a manner known per se, depending on whether it is via a trocar or using a natural path, e.g. of the esophagus to be applied. However, this does not change the basic function of the device.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil d'examen de tissus in vivo comprend une source de lumière (4, 41 à 4n) qui permet de générer de la lumière ayant différentes longueurs d'ondes (μ, μ1 à μn), une zone de sortie de la lumière (2) par laquelle la lumière générée par les sources de lumière (4, 41 à 4n) pendant le fonctionnement de l'appareil est émise et tombe sur les tissus à examiner et une zone d'admission de la lumière qui reçoit la lumière en provenance du tissu à examiner pendant le fonctionnement de l'appareil. La lumière ayant différentes longueurs d'ondes (μ, μ1 à μn) reçue par la zone d'admission de lumière est transmise à des générateurs d'image qui génèrent une image de la zone dont émane la lumière reçue par la zone d'admission de la lumière, et à un dispositif spectroscopique à éléments de visualisation et d'évaluation (6, 14). Des éléments optiques (8, 16, 17) associés à la zone d'admission de lumière reçoivent la lumière qui émane d'une zone étroite dont les dimensions ne dépassent pas celles de la zone d'admission de lumière (2).
PCT/DE1995/000749 1994-06-13 1995-06-09 Appareil d'examen de tissus in vivo WO1995034240A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944420599 DE4420599A1 (de) 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Gerät zur Untersuchung von Gewebe in vivo
DEP4420599.6 1994-06-13

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WO1995034240A1 true WO1995034240A1 (fr) 1995-12-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19819516B4 (de) * 1997-04-30 2010-08-12 Hoya Corp. Fluoreszenzdiagnoseeinrichtung

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19925210C2 (de) * 1999-06-01 2001-12-20 Alexander Hohla Fasersonde

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4588294A (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-05-13 Warner-Lambert Technologies, Inc. Searching and measuring endoscope
DE3623114A1 (de) * 1985-07-12 1987-01-22 Olympus Optical Co Endoskop
EP0512965A1 (fr) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-11 Xillix Technologies Corporation Système de visualisation endoscopique pour tissus malade
JPH06118314A (ja) * 1992-10-06 1994-04-28 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡装置
JPH06118315A (ja) * 1992-10-08 1994-04-28 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡のフォーカス固定装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3561432A (en) * 1967-07-29 1971-02-09 Olympus Optical Co Endoscope
JPS5720168Y2 (fr) * 1973-05-31 1982-04-30
JPH0785135B2 (ja) * 1983-09-05 1995-09-13 オリンパス光学工業株式会社 内視鏡装置
JP2862099B2 (ja) * 1990-10-12 1999-02-24 旭光学工業株式会社 早期癌診断装置
DE4130369A1 (de) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-25 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur medizinischen bildgebung mit licht

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4588294A (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-05-13 Warner-Lambert Technologies, Inc. Searching and measuring endoscope
DE3623114A1 (de) * 1985-07-12 1987-01-22 Olympus Optical Co Endoskop
EP0512965A1 (fr) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-11 Xillix Technologies Corporation Système de visualisation endoscopique pour tissus malade
JPH06118314A (ja) * 1992-10-06 1994-04-28 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡装置
JPH06118315A (ja) * 1992-10-08 1994-04-28 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 内視鏡のフォーカス固定装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 18, no. 402 (P - 1777) 27 July 1994 (1994-07-27) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19819516B4 (de) * 1997-04-30 2010-08-12 Hoya Corp. Fluoreszenzdiagnoseeinrichtung

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Publication number Publication date
DE4420599A1 (de) 1995-12-14

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