WO1995025248A1 - Procede de destruction, en particulier de combustion complete - Google Patents

Procede de destruction, en particulier de combustion complete Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995025248A1
WO1995025248A1 PCT/AT1995/000042 AT9500042W WO9525248A1 WO 1995025248 A1 WO1995025248 A1 WO 1995025248A1 AT 9500042 W AT9500042 W AT 9500042W WO 9525248 A1 WO9525248 A1 WO 9525248A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sand
fluidized bed
preliminary stage
water vapor
combustion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT1995/000042
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Glasner
Kurt Kaufmann
Original Assignee
Austrian Energy & Environment Spg/Waagner-Biro Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Austrian Energy & Environment Spg/Waagner-Biro Gmbh filed Critical Austrian Energy & Environment Spg/Waagner-Biro Gmbh
Priority to EP95909576A priority Critical patent/EP0750731B1/fr
Priority to DE59500810T priority patent/DE59500810D1/de
Publication of WO1995025248A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995025248A1/fr
Priority to FI963664A priority patent/FI111987B/fi

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for degradation, in particular for the complete combustion of carbon compounds, such as. B. Kunststoff ⁇ materials, hydrocarbons uncoated or coated paper, sewage sludge and with halogen-containing material, such as PVC, mixed wood waste, in a fluidized bed combustion chamber in the presence of a fluidizing agent in the solid and gaseous state, such as. B. sand and water vapor.
  • carbon compounds such as. B. Kunststoff ⁇ materials, hydrocarbons uncoated or coated paper, sewage sludge and with halogen-containing material, such as PVC, mixed wood waste
  • soot plastic waste burns quickly with the formation of soot, resulting in a slag-like, difficult-to-burn melt which contains relatively large hydrocarbon molecules, soot but also dioxin units through condensation and causes a loss in calorific value due to non-wiring.
  • the formation of soot and high-molecular hydrocarbons leads to increased CO values in the flue gas and increases the organic carbon content in the exhaust gas from the incineration plant.
  • High combustion chamber temperatures improve the burnout. In a fluidized bed, however, the temperature of the combustion chamber is limited by the ash softening point.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the disadvantages mentioned and to simplify the installation required for this purpose, the combustion of the carbon compounds being controlled in such a way that the formation of slag does not occur and the combustible part is completely converted into heat, with the volatile substances are first split off in water vapor atmosphere at temperatures between 300 ° and 850 ° C, whereby the calorific value of the substance is reduced before the actual combustion, so that the combustion temperature remains with certainty below the softening of the sand and the fluidizing property of the Sand is not influenced by coarsening.
  • a major advantage of the invention is seen in the possibility of removing sewage sludge, which is first dried under vacuum conditions and steam formation and then degassed and burned.
  • the invention is characterized in that, in order to avoid the formation of high molecular weight condensation products, the carbon compounds are first mixed in a preliminary stage with hot sand from the recirculation as a heat carrier, the carbon compounds being split in a water vapor atmosphere in a manner known per se to form water gas and volatile low molecular weight hydrocarbons and then the combustible residues are burned with the now cooled sand and the water vapor gas mixture generated in the preliminary stage is burned with the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed combustion chamber.
  • Significant embodiments of the invention are specified in subclaims 2-17.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The invention is shown for example and schematically in the connected FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the combustion chamber (1) is essentially filled with a turbulent gas / solid mixture which is separated into a gaseous and a solid fraction in a downstream cyclone (2).
  • the solid is returned to the combustion chamber (1) via line (3, 4), and is enriched with fuel via line (11).
  • sand is used as a solid, which in its fine-grained form is a fluidizing agent for the fuel.
  • the fuel sand mixture is fluidized in the combustion chamber (1) by air injection (12), the combustion being controlled by supplying secondary air (5) and the tertiary air (6) to achieve complete combustion.
  • the ashes are separated out in line (3 or 4).
  • a preliminary stage (7) is provided in the form of a fluidized-bed fluidized fluid chamber in which the volatile substances are split off from the carbon compounds in a water vapor atmosphere, with an endothermic conversion of the water vapor into hydrogen and the volatile Carbon occurs in carbon monoxide.
  • the calorific value of the carbon compounds is reduced, so that a lower combustion chamber temperature Tempe ⁇ is achieved in the actual combustion in the combustion chamber (1) is no longer possible in which a slag formation.
  • the conversion of plastics in a water vapor atmosphere does not occur quantitatively to CO, CO2 and H2.
  • the precursor (7) passes hotter sand as heat transfer medium, which is cooled by the melting and gasification process and the endothermic water gas formation.
  • the fluidized bed combustion is expediently designed as a circulating fluidized bed, the circulating solid being sand and / or ash, in which carbon compounds to be split are introduced via a steam supply (13), but the carbon compounds melt due to the high temperature of the sand cannot burn due to lack of oxygen and spread in the sand.
  • the volatile gaseous components react with the water vapor for the heat-consuming water gas reaction and hydrogen and carbon monoxide are formed.
  • the gas-forming reaction takes place in a highly turbulent zone, that is to say in a fluidized bed, so that the molten substances which partially decompose are distributed evenly in the sand and drop formation does not occur.
  • the amount of sand is expediently more than 30 times greater in weight than that of the carbon compounds to be mined.
  • This fuel-sand mixture is now burned out with air supply in the actual fluidized bed combustion, so that practically burned-out sand and combustion exhaust gas are separated in the cyclone (2).
  • This exhaust gas can now be mixed in a further combustion chamber (8) with the water gas formed in the preliminary stage (7), whereby the temperature of the exhaust gas rises further as a result of the combustion that occurs, which then is beneficial in the connected heat exchangers (9 and 10) Formation of water vapor, in particular for the generation of electrical energy, can be cooled. So that the gas does not contain undesirable components such.
  • hydrochloric acid or hydrogen sulfide enters the combustion chamber (8), this can be cleaned in a dry absorption chamber (14) from the undesirable gas components and the heat exchanger (10) leaving the exhaust gas is low in pollutant. Part of this gas can be reintroduced into the fluidized bed of the combustion chamber (1) to improve the fluidization or temperature control of the fluidized bed.
  • a stationary fluidized bed can also be used, or the gas generated can also be blown into the fluidized bed, thus simplifying the circuit.
  • one of the two heat exchangers (9 and 10) can also be arranged between the fluidized bed and the injection of the degassing gas. The latter measure is particularly effective when the gas is blown in above the stationary fluidized bed.
  • the fuel is introduced into the fluidized bed (plenum 20) via line (11) with steam supply (13) into the combustion chamber 1 * , the edge zone (18) of the fluidized bed in the combustion chamber 1 'being fluidized with steam is, while the oxygen input for the combustion via the air injection (12) or recirculation gas injection takes place.
  • the actual combustion in the center (19) of the fluidized bed is achieved and can be regulated simply by supplying air, while the fuel gasifies by supplying heat to the sinking sand (arrow 17 ') in the peripheral zone (18) and partially the fluidizing water vapor in hydrogen splits, the released oxygen is set off by the hot carbon with the formation of CO.
  • These gaseous gasification points rise in the fluidized bed (arrow 17) and burn through the primary and secondary air supply (16) above the fuel inlet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Pour la destruction complète, en particulier la combustion, de composés carbonés, tels que matières plastiques, hydrocarbures, papier couché et non couché, boues de curage et déchets de bois mélangés avec des matériaux halogénés, tels que du PVC, donc pratiquement des ordures ménagères triées, les composés carbonés sont d'abord intimement mélangés dans un étage préliminaire (7) avec du sable chaud en atmosphère de vapeur, le gaz à l'eau étant séparé. Les substances résiduelles dégazées sont amenées avec le sable alors refroidi à un système de combustion à lit fluidisé, et la fraction gazeuse produite dans l'étage préliminaire (7) est amenée à un système de post-combustion, le gaz perdu du lit fluidisé étant utilisé comme comburant. Le gaz perdu chaud ainsi produit peut être refroidi de manière classique.
PCT/AT1995/000042 1994-03-17 1995-03-02 Procede de destruction, en particulier de combustion complete WO1995025248A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95909576A EP0750731B1 (fr) 1994-03-17 1995-03-02 Procede de destruction, en particulier de combustion complete
DE59500810T DE59500810D1 (de) 1994-03-17 1995-03-02 Verfahren zum abbau insbesondere zur vollständigen verbrennung
FI963664A FI111987B (fi) 1994-03-17 1996-09-17 Tuhoamismenetelmä, erityisesti täydellinen polttaminen

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT56494A AT404181B (de) 1994-03-17 1994-03-17 Verfahren zum abbau insbesondere vollständige verbrennung
ATA564/94 1994-03-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995025248A1 true WO1995025248A1 (fr) 1995-09-21

Family

ID=3493960

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT1995/000042 WO1995025248A1 (fr) 1994-03-17 1995-03-02 Procede de destruction, en particulier de combustion complete

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0750731B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT404181B (fr)
CZ (1) CZ272096A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE59500810D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2109815T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI111987B (fr)
WO (1) WO1995025248A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105650655A (zh) * 2016-03-15 2016-06-08 青岛源之林农业科技开发有限公司 具有冷却系统的除炉渣中二恶英的装置
CN105737175A (zh) * 2016-03-15 2016-07-06 青岛源之林农业科技开发有限公司 具有输送带的除炉渣中二恶英的装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232614A (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-11-11 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Process of incineration with predrying of moist feed using hot inert particulates
JPS5642008A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-04-20 Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd Incineration of combustible solid waste and incinerator therefor
DE3726643A1 (de) * 1986-11-06 1988-05-11 Bergmann Borsig Veb Verfahren und einrichtung zur trocknung und verbrennung von brenn- und abfallstoffen, insbesondere feuchter rohbraunkohle
DE4026272A1 (de) * 1990-08-20 1992-02-27 Kurt Kugler Verfahren und einrichtung zur thermischen behandlung von stoffen nach dem wirbelschichtverfahren
WO1993011388A1 (fr) * 1991-11-27 1993-06-10 Imatran Voima Oy Procede et apparareil pour secher le combustible dans une chaudiere a lit fluidise

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2532994A1 (de) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-05 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermebehandlung von materialien durch heisse teilchen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232614A (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-11-11 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Process of incineration with predrying of moist feed using hot inert particulates
US4232614B1 (fr) * 1979-06-06 1986-02-25
JPS5642008A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-04-20 Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd Incineration of combustible solid waste and incinerator therefor
DE3726643A1 (de) * 1986-11-06 1988-05-11 Bergmann Borsig Veb Verfahren und einrichtung zur trocknung und verbrennung von brenn- und abfallstoffen, insbesondere feuchter rohbraunkohle
DE4026272A1 (de) * 1990-08-20 1992-02-27 Kurt Kugler Verfahren und einrichtung zur thermischen behandlung von stoffen nach dem wirbelschichtverfahren
WO1993011388A1 (fr) * 1991-11-27 1993-06-10 Imatran Voima Oy Procede et apparareil pour secher le combustible dans une chaudiere a lit fluidise

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 5, no. 97 (M - 75) 24 June 1981 (1981-06-24) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105650655A (zh) * 2016-03-15 2016-06-08 青岛源之林农业科技开发有限公司 具有冷却系统的除炉渣中二恶英的装置
CN105737175A (zh) * 2016-03-15 2016-07-06 青岛源之林农业科技开发有限公司 具有输送带的除炉渣中二恶英的装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI963664A0 (fi) 1996-09-17
EP0750731A1 (fr) 1997-01-02
FI963664A (fi) 1996-09-17
AT404181B (de) 1998-09-25
ES2109815T3 (es) 1998-01-16
ATA56494A (de) 1998-01-15
EP0750731B1 (fr) 1997-10-15
CZ272096A3 (en) 1997-02-12
DE59500810D1 (de) 1997-11-20
FI111987B (fi) 2003-10-15

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