Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
  • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
  • B63C11/18—Air supply
  • B63C11/186—Mouthpieces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
  • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
  • B63C11/18—Air supply
  • B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver
  • B63C11/24—Air supply carried by diver in closed circulation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
  • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
  • B63C2011/027—Shells for diving equipment, i.e. substantially rigid housings or covers, e.g. streamlined shells

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a diving breathing apparatus. More specifically, in the present invention, the exhaled breath collected from the mouthpiece is regenerated by passing it through a carbon dioxide adsorption device, and the regenerated gas and a constant flow of new inspired gas supplied from a breathing gas cylinder are supplied to the mouthpiece BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• the present invention relates to a semi-closed respirator configured to supply inspired gas and discharge excess gas to the outside,
• Diving respirators are generally classified into two types: open respirators and closed or semi-closed respirators.
• Open respirators have a built-in device that allows all once-inhaled gas to be exhausted out of the device and closed and semi-closed respirators that can re-breath the breathed gas. .
• closed and semi-closed respirators use compressed gas as the respiratory source as in the open type, but the same weight of gas is breathed regardless of the ambient pressure. Therefore, in the closed type and semi-closed type, the consumption of respiratory gas is constant regardless of the depth. For this reason, the amount of breathing gas to be carried is significantly smaller than that of the open type, and the mixing ratio of the breathing gas can be changed. With this, it is possible to dive for a long time to a depth that cannot be reached by the open type.
• closed or semi-closed respirators have the advantage of being lighter and capable of deeper diving for a longer time than open respirators.
• conventional closed and semi-closed respirators were developed for special diving and military purposes, and are relatively unlikely to occur with only minimal safety features. They do not have a mechanism to deal with difficult emergency situations. ⁇ Therefore, the use of these devices required considerable thorough training, and it was not easy for the divers to use them.
• Fig. 15 shows the overall configuration of a conventional semi-closed respirator.
• the semi-closed breathing apparatus 100000 is composed of a breathing gas cylinder 1001, a carbon dioxide absorbing apparatus 1002, a mouthpiece 1003, an airbag for exhalation 1004,
• the mouthpiece 1003 has a suction air bag 1005, and the mouthpiece 1003 is provided with a flexible inhalation tube 1007 and a flexible expiration tube 1006, respectively. 05, connected to the exhalation airbag 1004.
• the expiratory air bag 1 0 0 4 has exhaust valve 1 0 0 8 is attached, and adjusts the pressure of the respiratory gas circulation (diver exhalation expiratory air bag 1 0 0 4 After passing through the carbon dioxide adsorption device 1002 to remove carbon dioxide, the air Sent in one bag 105.
• the new intake gas from the breathing gas cylinder 1001 is injected into the intake air bag 1005, and passes through the new intake gas and the carbon dioxide adsorber 1002 as described above.
• the regenerated gas is mixed and the mixed gas is sucked from the mouthpiece 103 by the diver.
• the overall arrangement of the components of the conventional semi-closed breathing apparatus is such that the airbag is installed at the position of the diver's lung when worn, as shown in Fig. 15.
• these are arranged horizontally in parallel, and a tubular carbon dioxide adsorption device is arranged in the center of the lower side toward the vertical direction.
• This arrangement has the disadvantage that the ventilation path between the mouthpiece located above the airbag and the carbon dioxide adsorption device is long, and the respiratory resistance is correspondingly large.
• the built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device used to regenerate exhaled air needs to be replaced with a new one every time the dive.
• This replacement involves opening the case of the carbon dioxide adsorption device, removing the carbon dioxide adsorbent from the case, and refilling it with a new carbon dioxide adsorbent.
• it is necessary to uniformly fill the carbon dioxide adsorbent. If not, the gas passing through the carbon dioxide adsorption device will pass without removing the carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide adsorption will be reduced. Therefore, this operation requires skill, and it is difficult to perform the operation in a short time.
• the pressure in the mouthpiece and in the expiratory and inspiratory passages communicating with the mouthpiece is similar to ambient pressure. Therefore, water may enter the device from the outside via the mouthpiece (for example, in the case of a beginner, etc., the mouthpiece is likely to fall out of the mouth during diving. If water comes out of the mouthpiece and enters the device from the mouthpiece, adverse effects will occur, for example, the intruded water will adversely affect the carbon dioxide adsorption device, etc. Therefore, water will not enter the device. It is desirable to have a mechanism that automatically drains water if water has entered.For the intake path, the mouth pipe connects to the mouth pipe and the mouthpiece from the mouth pipe.
• an object of the present invention is to propose a semi-closed respirator that can be used more easily than in the past.
• an object of the present invention is to set a device layout appropriately so that an increase in respiratory resistance can be suppressed, and a safety mechanism such as an exhaust valve or a drain valve can be mounted at an appropriate position. It is to propose a closed respirator.
• Another object of the present invention is to propose a semi-closed respirator that can easily perform a replacement operation of a carbon dioxide adsorbent in a carbon dioxide gas adsorption device.
• Another object of the present invention is to automatically supply the intake air when a diver needs a large amount of intake air and to discharge the exhaust gas when the gas becomes excessive in the device with a simple configuration.
• An object of the present invention is to propose a semi-closed air breathing apparatus that can be used.
• Yet another object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily control the supply of the intake gas from the gas cylinder, and to automatically supply the intake gas when the mouthpiece comes off the mouth of the diver.
• An object of the present invention is to propose a semi-closed respirator that can be stopped and automatically prevent water from entering the inside of the device.
• Still another object of the present invention is to propose a semi-closed respirator having a low airflow resistance and a highly reliable air bag.
• Still another object of the present invention is to provide a semi-closed respirator capable of performing an emergency intake supplement, adjusting buoyancy during ascent, etc. using a safety jacket used when the semi-closed respirator is mounted. It is to propose a device.
• the layout of the device components is as follows. That is, a unit with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorbing device is arranged almost horizontally on the upper side of the device housing, and a respiratory gas cylinder is mounted on the lower side of the unit in an upright position facing up and down. The airbag and the airbag for exhalation are also arranged upward and downward. Further, the unit having a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device has a configuration in which a carbon dioxide adsorption device is built in the center, and a communication passage for intake and a communication passage for exhalation are formed on both sides of the carbon dioxide adsorption device. .
• the intake air passage communicates with the air bag for intake and the flexible intake pipe connected to the mouthpiece unit.
• an exhalation air bag is connected to the exhalation communication passage, and a mouthpiece unit is also connected.
• a flexible expiratory tube connected to the airway.
• a hollow housing is adopted as the device housing so as to cover the breathing gas cylinder and the airbag for inhalation and expiration. In this case, if an openable and closable opening for exchanging the respiratory gas cylinder is formed in the device housing, the exchanging operation or the like can be easily performed.
• the unit with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device is closed by a hollow casing having an opening formed on one side and an io lid detachably attached to the opening. It has a built-in removable carbon dioxide adsorption device in the space.
• the replacement of the carbon dioxide adsorption device with this configuration can be performed by a simple procedure of opening the lid, taking out the carbon dioxide adsorption device, installing a new device, and tightening the lid. Eliminates the need to remove and charge the carbon dioxide adsorbent
• the carbon dioxide adsorbent is not filled in an uneven state.
• the carbon dioxide adsorbing device can be composed of an adsorbent filling cylinder having an annular cross section and an adsorbent enclosing bag inserted into the adsorbent filling cylinder.
• the adsorbent-encapsulated bag has a rectangular shape as a whole, and a plurality of adsorbent-enclosed portions are defined and formed by parallel extending seal portions formed at predetermined intervals.
• a configuration in which a carbon dioxide adsorbent is sealed in the sealing portion can be adopted.
• the adsorbent-enclosed bag is inserted into the adsorbent-filled cylinder in a detachable state while being wound into a tubular shape. In this way, the replacement of the carbon dioxide adsorbent can be performed extremely easily.
• the following configuration can be adopted as the carbon dioxide adsorption device. That is, it has an adsorbent-filled cylinder having an annular cross-section, and this adsorbent-filled cylinder has the same air-permeable outer cylinder as the air-permeable inner cylinder arranged concentrically, and the sealing plates attached to both ends.
• a partition plate for partitioning an adsorbent-filled portion of the surface into left and right sides, and an outer peripheral portion on one side of the outer cylinder partitioned by the partition plate communicates with the intake communication passage; The outer peripheral portion on the other side communicates with the communication passage for exhalation.
• the gas passage passing therethrough passes through the carbon dioxide adsorbent-filled part from the outer peripheral surface on one side of the carbon dioxide adsorption device, enters the interior, and passes through the inner cylinder. Then, it passes through the carbon dioxide adsorbent-filled portion on the other side, and becomes a path reaching the outer peripheral side thereof.
• the gas supply path for supplying a constant flow of new inspiratory gas from the breathing gas cylinder via the flow rate adjusting mechanism to the inspiratory flow path communicating with the mouthpiece unit.
• a respiratory gas cylinder communicates with a gas supply port that supplies intake gas at a higher flow rate than the new intake gas.
• an exhaust port capable of discharging the intake air in the intake passage to the outside is formed.
• the following configuration is employed as control means for controlling the opening and closing of the gas supply port and the exhaust port.
• control means communicates with the intake air passage and has a movable pressure end chamber having a movable end wall movable in the first and second directions according to the pressure in the passage.
• An operation member that is operated by the tip of the control port when the control port moves over a predetermined distance in the direction of the arrow, a normally closed valve that opens the gas supply port by moving the operation member, and the control port.
• An opening member for opening an exhaust port of the movable end wall closed by the control rod against the elastic force when the door moves in the second direction by a predetermined distance or more. are doing.
• the control means of the present invention when the pressure in the intake passage is abnormally reduced, or when a diver takes a sudden If the pressure in the intake passage decreases abnormally, the elastic pressure chamber communicating with it will contract excessively, and the moving end wall will move more than the specified distance in the first direction. Go to As a result, the operating member is operated by the tip of the control rod that moves together with the moving end wall, the normally-closed valve opens, and the high-pressure intake is excessively supplied from the high-pressure intake supply path. Therefore, a large amount of intake air is automatically supplied in such an emergency.
• the above-mentioned gas supply port, exhaust port and control means are incorporated in the intake communication passage defined on one side of the unit having a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device.
• the semi-closed breathing apparatus is provided with an expandable / contractible breathing device that is connected to the breathing passage to temporarily store the breath collected through the breathing passage connected to the mouthpiece unit.
• the breathing air bag has a retractable drainage air bag built-in.
• the drain air bag is communicated with the exhalation air bag via a check valve that allows only the inflow of fluid from the exhalation air bag, and the drain air bag is connected to the outside from here. It is configured to communicate with the outside via a check valve that allows only outflow of fluid.
• each of the above-mentioned expiratory air bag and the inspiratory air bag has a double structure including a flexible outer bag and a flexible inner bag. Further, in order to suppress an increase in airflow resistance during inflation and contraction, it is preferable to attach a flexible member for restricting deformation of the bag inside the bag.
• another embodiment of the present invention relates to a semi-closed respirator, wherein a drain gas supply pipe for introducing gas from the respiratory gas cylinder into the mouthpiece unit at a flow rate larger than the newly inspired gas is provided.
• a normally closed valve disposed between the drain gas supply line and the mouthpiece unit; a manually operated member attached to the mouthpiece unit for switching the normally closed valve to the open state; Only when the pressure in the mouthpiece unit exceeds a predetermined value, a drain valve that makes the inside of the mouse unit unit communicate with the outside is adopted.
• the mouthpiece unit is configured as follows. That is, the mouthpiece unit of the present invention has a respiratory tube connection portion that communicates with an exhalation tube through which expiration flows, an inspiratory tube connection portion that communicates with an inspiration tube through which inspiration flows, and an external opening that communicates with the outside.
• the air circulation chamber is provided, and a mouse piece attached to the external opening is provided.
• a gas supply port for supplying new inspiratory gas from a respiratory gas cylinder is open in the respiratory air circulation chamber. Opening / closing means is attached to this gas supply port.
• the respiratory tract connection A check valve that allows only fluid flow from the inspiratory flow chamber to the expiratory tube is provided, and a check valve that allows only fluid flow from the inspiratory tube to the respiratory air flow chamber is provided at the intake pipe connection.
• the opening / closing means attached to the gas supply port is provided with an urging means for imparting elastic force for holding the opening / closing means in a closed state. It can be switched to the open state by a manually operated member, piled on the elastic force of the means.
• a tuning piece that moves to a position protruding outward from the retracted position in the mouthpiece in cooperation with the manual operation member is arranged.
• the tuning piece moves to the projecting position. If the tip side of the tuning piece is held in a protruding state by being held to the teeth, the opening / closing means is held in the open state. Therefore, the supply of a new intake gas at a constant flow rate from the gas supply port is started.
• the expiratory tube connection section also has an opening / closing means, and the opening / closing means is opened / closed in conjunction with the opening / closing means attached to the gas supply port.
• the opening / closing means switches to the closed state by elastic force.
• the respiratory tract connection is closed, and it is possible to prevent water from entering the inside of the device through this. Since a check valve is provided at the intake pipe connection, water does not enter the inside of the device through this valve.
• Still another form of the present invention is a semi-closed respirator, in which a main body, a safety jacket to which the main body is attached, a gas storage unit built in the safety jacket, and gas from a breathing gas cylinder to a gas storage unit.
• a configuration having a supply pipe for supplying and an opening / closing means for opening and closing the supplied pipe is adopted. According to this configuration, the air is supplied to the side of the safety jacket during the ascent. By doing so, buoyancy can be adjusted, which is convenient.
• a supply pipe for supplying the gas stored in the gas storage section to the inspiratory system of the semi-closed respirator main body, and an opening / closing means for opening and closing the supply pipe.
• FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a semi-closed respirator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the entire configuration of the semi-closed respirator.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the mouthpiece unit of the semi-closed respirator with its upper wall removed.
• FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the mouthpiece unit of FIG. 3, wherein (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the part which did.
• FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the main internal structure of the upper half of the mouthpiece unit of FIG.
• FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the main internal structure of the lower half of the mouthpiece unit of FIG.
• FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a portion where the carbon dioxide adsorption device and the auto valve mechanism are attached.
• FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial sectional view showing the auto valve mechanism of FIG. 7 in an enlarged manner.
• FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing the auto valve mechanism of FIG. 7 in an exploded manner.
• -Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of the exhalation airbag, (A) is a schematic vertical sectional view thereof, and (B) is a schematic view when cut in a direction perpendicular to (A). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.
• FIG. 11 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is an external view thereof, and (B) is a schematic block diagram of the intake supply system.
• FIGS. 12A and 12B are diagrams showing another embodiment of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device, in which (A) is a bag containing a carbon dioxide adsorbent, (B) is an exploded perspective view of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device, and (C). 1 is a schematic sectional view of a carbon dioxide adsorption device.
• FIGS. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing still another embodiment of the carbon dioxide adsorption apparatus, in which (A) is a schematic sectional view and (B) is a schematic sectional view showing the carbon dioxide adsorption column.
• FIG. 14 is a view showing another embodiment of the airbag, (A) is a perspective view of its appearance, (B) is a schematic sectional view thereof, (C) is an explanatory view showing an inflated state, (D) is an explanatory view showing a contracted state.
• FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional semi-closed breathing apparatus. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
• FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the entire configuration of the semi-closed respirator of the present embodiment.
• the semi-closed respiratory apparatus 1 of the present example includes a hollow housing 2, and device components described later are built in the hollow housing 2.
• One side of this hollow housing 2 is a backing surface 2a that contacts the back of a diver, and an opening for exchanging breathing gas cylinders is formed in the center of the opposite side, and is detachable here.
• Lid 2b is attached.
• a container 3 with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device is mounted horizontally.
• This container has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and flexible expiratory tubes 4 and inspiratory tubes 5 are connected to the outer peripheral portions on both sides thereof. I have.
• the distal ends of the expiratory tube 4 and the inspiratory tube 5 are connected to a mouthpiece unit 6.
• the expiratory air flow chamber 61 in the mouthpiece unit 6 communicates with the expiratory tube 4 and the inspiratory tube 5.
• the other ends of the exhalation tube 4 and the inhalation tube 5 communicate with both sides of the cylindrical container 3 in which the carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 is built. That is, a carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 having an annular cross section is built in the center of the container 3, and an exhalation passage 31 and an inhalation passage 32 are formed on both sides thereof.
• a breathing gas cylinder 8 is arranged in the center in the vertical direction. Air bag 11 is provided.
• the exhalation air bag 9 communicates with the exhalation passage 31 of the container 3, and the inhalation air bag 11 communicates with the intake passage 32 of the container 3.
• the breathing gas cylinder 8 is arranged so that its gas discharge port 81 is located at the lower end. This gas discharge port 81 is connected to a regulator 83 via an on-off valve 82 (not shown). Have been. In the case of Regille, the gas pressure is reduced to 8 to 9 kilograms square centimeter.
• the remaining three gas supply pipes 84 extends to the inside of the mouthpiece unit through the intake passage 32 and the intake pipe 5 of the container 3 with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device.
• An orifice 84a for flow adjustment is provided at an intermediate position, through which the flow rate is adjusted to not 4 L5 liters / min and supplied into the mouthpiece unit. It has become.
• the other gas supply pipe 85 is a purge gas supply pipe used for draining water from inside the mouthpiece unit 6, and is the same as the gas supply pipe 84 described above. It extends into Suunit 6.
• the remaining one gas supply pipe 86 is for supplying air in an emergency, and its tip is located in the intake passage 32 of the container 3.
• the auto-valve mechanism 12 is attached to an end of the carbon dioxide adsorption device built-in container 3 on the suction side.
• the mechanism 12 performs opening / closing control of the gas supply pipe 86 and automatic discharge control of excess gas, as described later.
• the overall gas flow is as follows. Expiration from the mouthpiece 6 2 of the mouthpiece unit 6 is stored in the expiration air bag 9 via the expiration tube 4 and the expiration passage 31. During the inspiratory operation, the exhaled air stored here is purified by removing carbon dioxide through the carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 and flows into the intake passage 32. The exhaled air thus purified is stored in the air bag 11 for inhalation, and is supplied into the mouthpiece unit 6 through the intake pipe 5 for inhalation. A constant amount of new intake gas is constantly introduced from the cylinder 8 through the gas supply pipe 84 into the mouthpiece unit 6, and a mixed gas of these is supplied as the intake gas.
• FIGs 3, 4, 5, and 6 show the mouthpiece unit of this example.
• the mouthpiece unit 6 of this example has a breathing air circulation chamber 61 formed in a case 63 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, and a mouthpiece attached to an opening 64 opened on one side of the case 63. 6 2.
• the left and right sides of the case 63 are provided with an expiration opening 64 and an intake opening 65, respectively.
• the exhalation tube 4 is connected to the exhalation opening 64 via a check valve 66 that allows only fluid to pass to the side of the exhalation tube 4.
• the intake pipe 5 is connected to the intake opening 65 via a check valve 67 that allows only fluid to flow from the intake pipe 5.
• the two gas supply pipes 84, 85 arranged therein through the intake openings 65 are the mouthpiece units.
• the respiratory air circulation chamber 61 extends into the inside.
• on-off valves 611 and 612 are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the end wall 61a.
• a gas supply pipe 84 is connected to the on-off valve 6 11, and a gas supply pipe 85 is connected to the on-off valve 6 12.
• the lower end of a revolving plate 6 13 for moving the opening / closing valve 6 11 1 a is connected to the tip of the operating rod 6 11 a of the on-off valve 6 11 1 for supplying the intake gas. 13 is supported by a rotating shaft 6 14 at the center position in the vertical direction.
• the rotating shaft 614 is hung between both side walls 61b, 61c of the case 63 in a rotatable manner.
• the upper end of the revolving plate 6 13 is rotatably connected to the base end of the horizontal moving plate 6 15.
• the horizontal moving member 615 is disposed at the height of the opening 164, and the cylindrical projection 615a on the tip side penetrates through the case end wall 161a to the outside. It protrudes.
• a disk-shaped push button 6 16 is attached to this protruding portion.
• the horizontal moving member 6 15 is always provided with an elastic force toward the end wall 61 a by a spring member (not shown). Therefore, the push button 6 16
• the bush button stop 6 16a attached to the case end wall 6 1a is in a prone position.
• the base ends of the pair of chewing pieces 6 17 are connected to the base ends of the horizontal moving plates 6 15.
• the tip end of the chewing piece 6 17 protrudes through the opening 64 to a position on the outer surface of the mouthpiece 62.
• This protruding part is formed thick so that a diver can easily hold it with his teeth.
• an expiratory tube closing valve 6 21 is attached to the portion of the rotating shaft 6 14 on the side of the expiratory tube.
• an opening 6 23 of an exhalation passage 6 22 connected to the exhalation opening 6 4 is located below the exhalation tube opening / closing valve 6 21, an opening 6 23 of an exhalation passage 6 22 connected to the exhalation opening 6 4 is located.
• a spring member 624 is stretched between the valve 621 and the inside of the opening 623.
• the opening 6 23 is opened by the valve 6 21 by the spring force of the spring member and the spring force of the spring member urging the revolving plate 6 13. Blocked.
• the exhalation tube opening / closing valve 6 21 turns upward in conjunction with this, and the opening 6 2 3 of the exhalation passage is opened. When opened, it is in communication with the respiratory air passage 61 in the mouthpiece unit.
• the expiratory tube closing valve 621 When the push button is depressed, the expiratory tube closing valve 621 also turns in the direction of the arrow to open the opening 623 of the expiratory passage 622. As a result, the exhalation tube 4 is in communication with the respiratory air circulation chamber 61 of the mouthpiece unit via the check valve 66. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform a breathing motion.
• the mouthpiece 62 When the mouthpiece 62 is removed from the mouth after diving, each part returns to its original state due to elastic force, and the supply of intake gas stops.
• the expiratory tube closing valve 6 21 linked to the push button 6 16 is arranged, and in such a state, the expiratory tube closing valve 6 21 is returned to the original state by the elastic force. And closes the opening 6 2 3 of the expiratory passage 6 2 2. Therefore, it is possible to prevent water from entering the expiratory tube 4.
• the supply of the gas for intake can be started by a simple operation of pushing the push button 6 16 and inserting the tuning piece 6 17 with the teeth.
• the supply of the suction gas is automatically stopped.
• the supply of the intake gas can be controlled without any complicated operation.
• the expiratory tube can be automatically closed in conjunction with the mouthpiece, so that water can be prevented from entering the inside through the expiratory tube.
• the supply control of the gas for inhalation was performed by opening and closing an on-off valve attached to the breathing gas cylinder device.
• the valve was opened at sea where the actual dive started, the dive was started, and after diving, the valve was closed after going offshore.
• gas that is not directly used for diving is wasted before and after the actual dive, so that the dive time is shortened by that amount and the gas is not effectively used.
• the gas supply is automatically started when the push button 6 16 is pressed after the mouthpiece is added, and the gas supply is automatically stopped when the mouthpiece is removed from the mouth. Therefore, there is an advantage that gas can be prevented from being wasted.
• the water discharged into the respiratory air circulation chamber 61 in the mouthpiece unit 6 is discharged to the inhalation air supplied from the gas cylinder 8 into the respiratory air circulation chamber 61 as follows. It is performed using gas.
• the gas supply pipe 85 extends into the respiratory air passage 61 of the mouthpiece unit as described above, and the end of the gas supply pipe 85 Connected to 2.
• a turning plate 631 is disposed at a position facing the tip of the operating port 612a of the on-off valve 612, and the original end of the turning plate is connected to the rotating shaft 632. Fixed.
• the rotating shaft 632 is rotatably bridged between the end walls 61b, 61c.
• the base end of a purge lever 633 formed into a semicircular curve is fixed to the rotating shaft 632.
• the tip 633 a of the purge lever 633 is located outside the end wall 61 a of the case 63 of the mouthpiece unit.
• a hole 634 with a check valve is formed on the bottom surface of the mouthpiece case 63.
• a lid 635 for closing the purge hole 634 is disposed outside the purge hole 634.
• An operating rod 636 with a coil spring is attached to this lid 635, and the lid 635 is always kept in a state where the purge hole 6334 is closed by the spring force of the coil spring. I have.
• the lid 635 is separated from the purge hole 634, and only the fluid can flow out to the outside through the purge hole 634 provided with the check valve. Therefore, the water in the breathing airflow passage 61 of the mouthpiece unit is discharged to the outside through the purge hole 634 by the ejected intake gas.
• each part returns to the original position by the spring force of the coil spring of the operating rod. That is, the on-off valve 6 12 is closed, and the purge hole 6 3 4 with the check valve is also closed by the lid 6 3 5.
• drainage can be performed by a simple operation without requiring skill.
• the reason why the lid 635 is attached to the purge hole 634 with a check valve described above is that if the lid 635 is not provided, this purge hole will be used during exhalation operation in a normal state. This is because exhaled air leaks to the outside via 634.
• the purge gas supply mechanism having the above configuration can be used as a supply source of the intake gas in an emergency. For example, if the supply of intake gas from the intake pipe side decreases for some reason, or if a large amount of intake gas is needed, the purge gas 6 Can be supplied.
• the semi-closed breathing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
• the structure of the carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 will be described.
• the carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 is housed in a container 3 having a cylindrical shape as a whole.
• a container 3 having a cylindrical shape as a whole.
• an expiratory tube connection 311 and an expiration airbag connection 312 are formed on the upper and lower sides, respectively.
• Air bag 9 is connected.
• an intake pipe connection 3 13 and an intake air bag connection 3 14 are respectively formed on the upper and lower sides, and the intake pipe 5 and the intake air bag 1 1 Is connected.
• ribs 3221 extending in the axial direction of the container are formed at regular intervals on the inner peripheral surface of the central portion, and inside these ribs, carbon dioxide gas having an annular cross section is adsorbed.
• Device 7 is housed.
• a hollow cylindrical lid 3222 is screwed into and fixed to the opening of the container 3 on the side of the expiratory tube so as to be in a closed state.
• a number of exhalation communication holes 3 23 are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the lid 3 22. Therefore, the hollow portion of the lid functions as an exhalation passage 31 that connects the exhalation tube 4 and the exhalation airbag 9.
• a cylindrical communication pipe 3 2 5 penetrates, and the exhalation passage 3 1 It communicates with the hollow part 7 1 of the adsorption device 7.
• a hollow bottom lid 127 to which an auto-valve mechanism 12 described later is attached is screwed and fixed so as to be in a sealed state.
• An absorption passage 32 is defined between the bottom lid 127 and the carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 in the container 3.
• the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 has a structure in which a carbon dioxide adsorbent 703 is filled in a space having an annular cross section defined by an outer cylinder 71 and an inner cylinder 72. One end of each of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is closed by an integrally formed circular end wall 704, and the other end is formed by an annular plate 705 of a carbon dioxide adsorbent 703. Only the filling space is closed. This annular plate An annular connecting portion 706 is formed on the inner peripheral edge of 705, and into the connecting portion 706, the end of the communication tube 3225 of the above-mentioned container lid 3222 is inserted. ing.
• the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 are formed of a gas-permeable material.
• it is formed from a porous or mesh-like material. Therefore, the exhalation passage 31 is in a state capable of communicating with the intake passage 32 via the communication pipe 3 25 and the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7.
• the carbon dioxide gas adsorption device 7 of this example is of a so-called cartridge type itself, and is configured to replace the device itself after diving. That is, after diving, the lid of the container 3 is replaced. 3 Open 2 2 and take out carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7. Then, a new carbon dioxide adsorption device may be inserted into the container 3 and the cover 32 may be closed.
• the axial position of the installed carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 is defined by the contact surface 1 38 a on the side of the bottom lid 127 and the communication pipe 3 25 of the lid 32, and the radial position Is defined by a rib formed on the inner peripheral surface of the container.
• the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 of the present example is of a cartridge type, it is not necessary to perform operations that require skill such as charging of a carbon dioxide adsorbent. Therefore, this replacement work can be easily performed.
• the end 325a of the communication pipe 325 of the lid 322 also protrudes toward the inner space of the lid. For this reason, water that has entered the exhalation passage 31 via the exhalation tube 4 may be blocked by the end 3 25 a of the communication tube 3 25 and may enter the carbon dioxide gas adsorption device 7 side. Is reduced. In this way, the communication pipe 3 25 functions as a so-called water-stop cylinder.
• FIG. 10 shows an exhalation air bag 9.
• the air bag 9 is an elastic bag formed of a flexible material, and is capable of expanding and contracting according to a breathing operation.
• a connecting portion 91 connected to the connecting portion 3 12 formed in 3 is formed.
• a rigid cylindrical tube 93 is attached to the lower end opening 92 of the airbag 9.
• a communication hole 94 is formed in the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical tube 93, and a check valve 95 is attached here.
• the check valve 95 allows only fluid to pass from the internal space 9 a of the air bag 9 to the internal space 93 a of the cylindrical tube 93.
• a drain hole 96 is formed at the bottom of the cylindrical tube 93, and a check valve 97 is also mounted here.
• the check valve 97 allows only the passage of the fluid from the internal space 93 a of the cylindrical tube 93 to the outside.
• a bellows-like elastic bag 98 is connected to the upper end opening of the cylindrical tube 93.
• the water that has entered here is discharged to the outside as follows.
• Water that has entered the internal space 9a of the airbag 9 via the exhalation tube 4 or the like accumulates on the bottom surface thereof.
• the airbag 9 expands and contracts according to the breathing motion.
• the air bag 9 shrinks during the intake operation, and when the internal bag 98 is pressed, the bag 98 also shrinks.
• the bag 98 also inflates to its original shape by its own restoring force.
• the check valve 95 opens, and the water collected in the airbag 9 flows through the communication hole 94 into the internal space 93 a of the cylindrical tube 93.
• the structure of the air bag for inhalation 11 is itself the same as that of the air bag for expiration 9. However, the drainage pipe 93, the bag 98, and the check valves 95, 97 are not provided.
• the auto valve mechanism of the present example 1 2 Will be described.
• a diver diverts the intake gas stored in the intake air bag 11 through the intake pipe 5 directly from the gas cylinder 8 to the mouthpiece unit 6 via the gas supply pipe 84. Inhale with intake gas supplied at flow rate. However, in some cases, it may require more intake gas than is normally supplied.
• the exhaled breath exhaled by the diver accumulates in the exhalation air bag 9 via the exhalation tube 4, but it is necessary to take measures when the air bag becomes too full and cannot be stored in them. It is necessary.
• the auto-valve mechanism 12 of this example is for solving both of these problems.
• the automatic valve mechanism 12 of the present example includes an intake passage 3 2 formed on one side of a container 3 communicating the intake pipe 5 and the intake air bag 11. Has been assembled.
• the auto-valve mechanism 12 includes an outer pressure chamber 1 2 2 maintained at the same pressure as the ambient pressure, an inner pressure chamber 1 2 3 maintained at the same pressure as the intake passage 3 2, and both of these pressure chambers. 1 2 2,
• the outer pressure chamber 122 is formed inside the bottom lid 127 of the container. That is, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the bottom lid 1 27 is an outer disc-shaped member.
• the outer pressure chambers 122 are constituted by 127 a and an inner annular member 127 b.
• the outer disc-shaped member 127a has many through holes 127c, and the internal pressure of the outer pressure chamber 122 is maintained at the same level as the ambient pressure through these through holes 127c. Have been.
• the inner annular member 127 b functions as a partition plate that separates the outer pressure chamber 122 from the intake passage 32.
• the inner pressure chamber 1 2 3 has a cylindrical bellows 1 2 8 and annular end plates 1 2 9 and 1 3 0 attached to both sides inside the outer pressure chamber 1 2 2. Is defined by The opening formed in one of the annular end plates 1 2 9 is a communication hole 1 2 4 which can communicate the inner pressure chamber 1 2 3 and the outer pressure chamber 1 2 2. 24 is normally closed by a normally closed valve mechanism 1 25. On the other hand, the other annular end plate 130 located inside is the inner annular member constituting the bottom lid 127.
• a boss portion 130a penetrating through 127b is provided, in which a plurality of communication holes 130c are formed concentrically with a central opening 130b.
• the inner pressure chamber 123 communicates with the intake passage 32 through these communication holes.
• the normally-closed valve mechanism 1 2 5 which blocks the communication hole 1 2 4 between the outer pressure chamber 1 2 2 and the inner pressure chamber 1 2 3 is located at the center line in the inner pressure chamber 1 2 3.
• the operating rod 13 1 the leading end of which has a play at the center opening 1 30 b of the annular end plate 130 of the inner pressure chamber.
• a large-diameter flange 1 32 is formed at the base end of the working port 1 31.
• An annular packing is provided on the outer end face of this flange 1 32.
• annular valve element 1 34 having a shape protruding toward the annular packing 1 33. Is formed.
• an operating rod support member 135 is attached to the inner surface of the outer annular member 127 a constituting the bottom lid 127, and this support member is
• the distal end surface 135a of the support member 135 is a working port support surface, and a guide rod 135b protrudes from the center of this surface 135a.
• the rod 135b is inserted into a guide hole 1331a formed in the end face of the operating rod 1331 so as to be slidable.
• the operating rod 13 1 is supported by the support member 135 so as to be able to slide in the axial direction.
• the operating rod 13 1 is pressed against the annular end plate 12 9 by the internal pressure of the inner pressure chamber 12 3, and the annular end wall 12 9 is a spiral spring.
• valve body 13 on the side of the annular end plate 12 29 is opposed to the valve seat (annular packing) 13 3 formed on the flange 13 2 of the operating rod 13 1. Is pressed, and the communication holes 1 2 4 are closed.
• the normally-closed valve mechanism 126 closing the gas supply pipe 86 arranged in the intake passage 32 has a cylindrical housing 133, and the housing 133 has a cylindrical shape.
• a large-diameter flange 1337a is formed at one end of the cylindrical member, and a portion of this flange 1337a is screwed and fixed to the inner annular member 127b.
• the other end of the housing 13 is closed by an end plate 13.
• the circular end face 138 a of the end plate 138 serves as a contact surface of the end face of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 described above.
• a working port 1 39 is arranged in the internal space of the housing 1 37.c
• a flange 1 40 is formed in the middle position of the working port 1 39,
• An annular valve body 142 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the housing 133 so as to face the annular valve seat 141 formed on the end face of the flange.
• the operating rod 13 9 is always pressed against the valve element 14 2 by the coil spring 14 3, and therefore, the inside of the housing 13 7 is connected to the gas supply line 8 6. It is in a state of being divided into a hole 144 and a communication chamber 144.
• the communication chamber 1 4 5 is a communication hole opened in the housing 1 3 7
• the end of the working port pad 13 9 passes through the communication hole 1 47 of the flange 13 7 a and protrudes to the side of the intake passage 32, and the side of the above-described normally closed valve mechanism 1 25 With a certain distance from the tip of the operating rod 1 3 1 Face to face.
• the pressure of the respiratory air passage in the device is reduced to the ambient pressure by the elastic bellows 128 that separates the outer pressure chamber 122 and the inner pressure chamber 123. Is kept the same as
• the operating rod 13 1 moves until it comes into contact with the operating rod 1 39 of the normally closed valve mechanism 1 26 I will not do it.
• the internal pressure of the intake passage 32 decreases accordingly, and the internal pressure of the internal pressure chamber 123 also decreases.
• the bellows 128 contracts more than usual, and the tip of the operating rod 13 1 pushes the operating port 1 39 on the side of the normally closed valve mechanism 126.
• the normally closed valve mechanism 1 26 opens, and the communication chambers 144 and 1 45 are connected.
• a large amount of intake gas from the gas supply pipe 86 is supplied to the mouthpiece unit 6 through the intake passage 32 and the intake pipe 5.
• the internal pressure of the inner pressure chambers 123 also increases and returns to the normal pressure range.
• the bellows 128 expands, and the operating rod 1311 moves away from the operating port pad 1339 of the normally closed valve mechanism 126. Therefore, the normally closed valve mechanism 126 returns to the closed state again, and the supply of the intake gas is stopped.
• the intake gas supplied from the gas supply pipe 86 is different from the gas supply pipe 84 constantly supplying a constant amount of intake gas to the mouthpiece unit 6 side. In contrast, since the flow rate is not restricted, it is possible to respond quickly to urgent intake demand.
• the auto-valve mechanism 12 is provided at the end of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device built-in container 3 horizontally mounted on the upper portion of the device. In such a position, in a normal diving state, the auto valve mechanism 12 is located at the upper part of the apparatus, so that there is an advantage that gas can be easily removed therefrom.
• the auto valve mechanism 12 of the present example controls the gas supply and controls the excess gas according to the moving state of the end wall 12 9 that moves according to the pressure fluctuation of the inner pressure chamber 12 3. It is possible to perform both emission control. Therefore, according to this example, the supply of the intake gas in an emergency, which has conventionally been manually performed, can be automatically performed. In addition, this automatic supply mechanism and automatic The exhaust mechanism can be compactly configured.
• FIG. 11 shows a semi-closed respirator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
• the semi-closed respirator of the present embodiment is a safety device used when the main body of the semi-closed respirator is worn. It has special features in the jacket part. That is, in the figure, reference numeral 110 denotes a safety jacket.
• the safety jacket 110 is provided with, for example, a main body 1101 having the same structure as the above-described semi-closed breathing apparatus 1. , Carried by divers.
• the safety jacket 110 of the present example includes a pair of gas storage bags 1102 and 1103. These bags 1 1 0 2,
• the 1103 is connected to each other by a communication pipe 1104, and this communication pipe 1104 is built in the main body 1101 via the on-off valve 1105.
• a supply pipe 1106 for supplying gas from the breathing gas cylinder 8 is connected.
• a gas supply pipe 1108 communicating with the intake system on the main body 111 is connected to the communication pipe 1104 via an on-off valve 1107.
• opening the on-off valve 1105 allows the intake air to be stored in the bags 1102, 1103 in the safety jacket. . Therefore, in the event of an emergency such as a shortage of gas in a gas cylinder during a dive or a breakage of an air bag, the on-off valve 1107 can be opened to supply the intake air.
• FIG. 12 shows a modification of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 shown in FIG.
• the carbon dioxide adsorption device 1200 shown in this figure is composed of a container 1 201 and a lid. It is composed of 1202, an adsorbent-encapsulated bag mounted in a container, and 1204, in which the carbon dioxide adsorbent 1203 is enclosed.
• the container 1201 is composed of an inner cylinder 1205 and an outer cylinder 1206 arranged concentrically, and an end wall 1207 that seals one end of these.
• the container 1221 is an integrally molded product made of, for example, a synthetic resin material, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have a mesh shape.
• an annular dropping lid 122 is attached so that there is no gap between the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 125 and the outer cylinder 122.
• This annular drop lid becomes a closed end wall corresponding to the end wall 1207 when the communication pipe 325 is inserted.
• a bag 124 having the shape shown in FIG. 12A is wound and inserted into the annular space defined by the container 122 and the lid 122.
• This bag 1 204 is made of a breathable material, and has a rectangular shape as a whole, and four semi-cylindrical shapes are formed by sealing portions 1 208 formed at equal intervals in the short direction.
• the carbon dioxide adsorbent enclosures 1 2 1 1, 1 2 1 2, 1 2 1 3 and 1 2 1 4 are defined. Carbon dioxide adsorbents 123 are respectively sealed in these sealed portions.
• the bag 124 is formed of, for example, a thermoplastic synthetic resin material, and the seal portion can be formed by, for example, heat fusion.
• the inside of the container 122 is partitioned by a partition plate 127 connecting the reinforcing ribs 122, 125 formed on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.
• the rolled bag 124 is inserted into the container with the partition plate 127 located at the joint. After inserting the bag into the container, the lid 122 is attached.
• the carbon dioxide adsorbent can be filled by winding the bag 124 in which the carbon dioxide adsorbent is previously sealed and inserting it into the container 122. . Therefore, even a beginner can easily perform charging and replacing work of the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
• the bag Since the seal portion is formed in 1204, the work of winding it can be easily performed, and therefore, the work of inserting it into the container can also be easily performed.
• FIG. 13 shows still another embodiment of the carbon dioxide adsorption apparatus.
• the carbon dioxide adsorption device 1300 shown in the figure is inserted into a cylindrical container 1300 whose both ends are closed.
• This carbon dioxide adsorption device 1300 is placed in a container 1322 with two carbon dioxide adsorption tubes 1310 having the shape shown in Fig. 13 (B) connected in the axial direction. It is installed.
• Each of the carbon dioxide adsorption cylinders 1310 has the same shape, and the air-permeable outer cylinder 1311 and the inner cylinder 1312, which are arranged concentrically, have both ends at both ends. It is composed of annular blocking plates 13 13 and 13 14 which block the carbon dioxide adsorbent-filled portion of the annular cross section to be formed.
• one of the sealing plates 1 3 1 3 is set to have an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1 3 1 1
• the other sealing plate 1 3 1 4 is set to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder. It has almost the same outer diameter.
• the container 1 320 on which these carbon dioxide adsorption tubes 1 3 1 0 are mounted has an annular stopper plate 1 3 2 1 attached to the inner peripheral surface at the center part in the axial direction, At both ends, lid members 133 and 140 are detachably screwed and screwed and fixed in an airtight state.
• the inner diameter of the annular stopper plate 1321 is set to a size that allows the outer cylinder of the carbon dioxide adsorption cylinder 1310 just to pass through.
• the stopper plate 13 The large-diameter sealing plate 1 3 1 3 abuts 2 1. In this state, insert another carbon dioxide adsorption column 1310 from the same direction, and pierce the large-diameter sealing plate 1313 of the carbon dioxide adsorption column 1310 that has been inserted in advance. Hit it. After a while Then, the cover member 133 is screwed into the container opening and fixed. Here, a presser spring 1 3 3 1 is attached to the inner surface of the cover 1 3 3 0, and when the cover 1 3 3 is screwed in, the presser spring 1 3 1310 is pressed and fixed in the container.
• the inner space of the container 1320 communicates with the exhalation tube 4 and the exhalation airbag 9 on the side of the lid member 1330, and on the side of the other lid member 1340. Are connected to the intake pipe 5 and the intake air bag 11 side, respectively. This relationship is the same as that of the container 3 of the carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 shown in FIG.
• exhalation is performed in an annular space 13 15 between the inner peripheral surface of the container 13 20 and the outer cylinder 13 11 of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 13 10 on the exhalation passage side. Therefore, it flows to the side of the exhalation air bag 9. In addition, it passes through the outer cylinder 1 3 1 1 of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 13 on the expiration side, the filled portion of the carbon dioxide adsorbent 1 3 3 1 7 flows.
• the carbon dioxide gas was removed and regenerated through the central hole 13 17 of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption device 13 10 on the suction side, the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent 13 16 and the annular space 13 18
• the gas flows to the side of the air bag 10 or the intake pipe 5 for intake c.
• the gas is introduced from the outside of the outer cylinder of the carbon dioxide adsorbing device, and similarly, the gas is introduced through the outer cylinder. Is discharged. Therefore, the exhaled breath first flows into the inside from the outer peripheral side having a large surface area, so that the moisture contained in the exhaled breath is sufficiently retained by the adsorbent in the outer peripheral portion having a large surface area of the exhalation-side adsorption column 1310.
• lid members 133 and 140 attached to both ends of a container 130 containing a carbon dioxide adsorption device are respectively provided.
• a drainage mechanism 1350 and a new intake supply mechanism 1350 are incorporated.
• the exhalation-side lid member 1330 incorporates a check valve 1351, which constitutes the drainage mechanism 135, and this check valve is provided with an exhalation-side annular space 1 3 1 5 Valve port 1 3 5 2 that communicates with the outside, Valve retainer 1 3 5 3 that closes this valve port 1 3 5 3, and coil spring 1 3 5 that presses this valve retainer 1 3 5 3 Consists of four.
• a new intake supplying mechanism 1360 incorporated in the intake side lid member 1340 includes an opening 1366 that communicates the annular space 1318 with the outside, and And a diaphragm 1332 closing the opening.
• a demand lever 1336 is in contact with the diaphragm 1336 in a state of moving in conjunction with the displacement of the diaphragm 13362, and the demand lever 13363 faces inward.
• the demand valve 1 364 in the closed state is switched to the open state.
• This demand valve 1364 is attached to the supply port of a supply pipe (not shown) that supplies new intake gas from the breathing gas cylinder.
• This supplied pipe corresponds to the supply pipe 86 in the example shown in FIG.
• the diaphragm 1 3 6 2 Since the diaphragm 1 3 6 2 is constantly exposed to external pressure, it moves inward when the internal pressure of the intake system decreases. If the internal pressure of the inspiratory system falls significantly below the pressure caused by normal breathing, the diaphragm 1336 2 is displaced excessively inward, pushing the demand lever 1336. As a result, the demand valve 1 3 6 4 is opened, and the intake air is supplied to the intake system, thereby preventing an abnormal pressure drop of the intake system.
• a drainage mechanism and an intake supply mechanism can be arranged at both ends of the container with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device.
• FIG. 14 shows a modified example of the intake air bag shown in FIG.
• the air bag for air intake 140 of the present example is composed of a bag body 1401 and two airtight outer and inner bag bodies 14 such as two nipples or vinyl. It has a double structure consisting of 02 and 1403.
• two flexible rods 144 are arranged in parallel in the axial direction of the bag. At least both ends of these rods 144 are fixed to a bag 144.
• the number of the rods may be one, or three or more.
• a band-shaped object may be attached instead of the rod-shaped object.
• the openings 1404 and 1406 of the outer and inner bags 1402 and 1403 are connected to the connecting part of the container with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device (the connecting part 3 1 4 of the container 3 in Fig. 7).
• a connection port 1407 is formed.
• the air bag 140 for air intake of the double structure type in this example is located between the outer bag 1402 and the inner bag 1403. Since the closed air layer 144 is formed, the bag body 1401 does not shrink in a wrinkled state. As shown in FIGS. 14 (C) and (D), the bag body is deformed in the transverse direction perpendicular to the axial direction, but the rod-shaped body 1404 fixed at both ends is shown in FIGS. So there is no deformation in the axial direction. For this reason, the inflation and deflation of the bag body accompanying the breathing operation are performed smoothly. Therefore, ventilation resistance during expansion and contraction, that is, respiration resistance can be reduced.
• the air bag for exhalation shown in FIG. 10 can of course have the double structure as described above. Industrial applicability
• the layout of the device components is as follows. That is, a unit with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorbing device is arranged almost horizontally on the upper side of the device housing, and a respiratory gas cylinder is attached to the lower side of the unit so as to face up and down.
• the bag and the airbag for expiration are also arranged upward and downward.
• the unit with a built-in carbon dioxide adsorption device has a configuration in which a carbon dioxide adsorption device is built in the center, and an intake communication passage and an expiration communication passage are formed on both sides of the carbon dioxide adsorption device.
• the intake air passage communicates with the air bag for intake and the flexible intake pipe connected to the mouthpiece unit.
• an exhalation airbag is communicated with the exhalation communication passage, and a flexible exhalation tube connected to the mouthpiece unit is communicated with the exhalation communication passage.
• the exhalation air bag can be vertically connected to the exhalation tube communicating with the mouthpiece with the unit having a carbon dioxide absorbing device interposed therebetween.
• the carbon dioxide gas adsorption device is of a replaceable cartridge type, which eliminates the need for skilled work such as recharging the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent as in the related art. Become. In addition, if the carbon dioxide adsorbent is sealed in a bag and replaced, the filling and replacement work of the adsorbent becomes easier.
• gas supply in an emergency is automatically performed according to a change in the internal pressure of the intake passage. There is no need to start, and handling becomes simple. Also, there is an advantage that, together with such a gas supply mechanism, a mechanism for exhausting a gas when the gas is full in the apparatus can be compactly configured with a simple configuration.
• the exhalation air bag of the semi-closed respirator of the present invention has a built-in extensible air bag for drainage, which automatically accumulates in the exhalation air bag in response to breathing operation.
• a built-in extensible air bag for drainage which automatically accumulates in the exhalation air bag in response to breathing operation.
• the airbag has a double structure and a flexible member is attached to regulate the deformation state, the advantage is that the breathing resistance during breathing can be reduced, and the durability is improved because the airbag does not wrinkle Advantages such as doing so are obtained.
• the chewing piece in the semi-closed breathing apparatus of the present invention, if the chewing piece is manually protruded from the mouthpiece, and the tip side is gripped by the upper and lower teeth, and is held in that state, the chewing piece becomes constant from the gas cylinder side.
• the supply of inhalation gas at a flow rate can be started, and the expiratory tract can be kept open. Therefore, the supply of intake gas can be started by a simple operation, and when the mouthpiece comes out of the diver's mouth during diving, the chewing piece returns to its retracted position, and in conjunction therewith, Since the respiratory tract is closed, water intrusion can be automatically prevented.
• a drain gas supply pipe is introduced to introduce a larger flow rate of gas from the breathing gas cylinder into the mouthpiece unit, and is manually opened and closed to drain water from the mouthpiece unit. I'm trying to do it. Therefore, it is possible to drain the water with a simple operation and without any skill.
• a gas storage section is incorporated in a safety jacket to which the main body of the apparatus is attached, and inhalation is supplied from the side of the breathing gas cylinder to be stored therein. From here, intake air can be supplied. Therefore, a semi-closed respirator with high safety can be realized. Further, by adjusting the amount of intake air stored in the gas storage unit, it is convenient because buoyancy can be adjusted when ascending from diving.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

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• 1993
  • 1993-10-06 JP JP5274843A patent/JP2818368B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-01-10 US US08/454,364 patent/US5720279A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-01-10 EP EP94904012A patent/EP0671319A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-01-10 AU AU58235/94A patent/AU683237B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-01-10 WO PCT/JP1994/000021 patent/WO1995009762A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1995
  • 1995-01-17 TW TW084100394A patent/TW287133B/zh active
• 1997
  • 1997-02-04 AU AU12520/97A patent/AU1252097A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-02-04 AU AU12519/97A patent/AU1251997A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-02-04 AU AU12522/97A patent/AU1252297A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-02-04 AU AU12521/97A patent/AU1252197A/en not_active Abandoned

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