Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
  • H01T1/12—Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof

Definitions

• Voltage breakdown fuses are usually used between such parts which carry different potential. If a specified voltage, which can cause a dangerous body current, is exceeded, these respond and establish a metallic, electrically conductive connection between the rail of the direct current path (railroad earth) and the rail of an alternating current path or bridge parts (water earth). According to the existing regulations, this condition, which in turn significantly increases the risk of stray current corrosion, may only be maintained for a short time. The operators of such direct current paths must therefore continuously monitor the state of the voltage breakdown fuses and, if such a voltage breakdown fuse responds, the required electrical isolation immediately, e.g. B. by replacing the defective fuse to restore.
• the state of the voltage breakdown protection is currently checked visually by regular inspections of the route, which is associated with a relatively high expenditure on personnel.
• this is described in "The rail energy supply of the Berlin S-Bru", electric trains 4/1992 p. 121.
• Another disadvantage is that an uncontrolled stray current can flow between the inspection passes.
• Devices are also customary in which a current relay with a memory function is arranged in series for voltage breakdown protection, which works reversibly in a predetermined current range, and reports a message about a defective voltage breakdown protection to a control center.
• the disadvantage of these devices is that the message is made via separate message lines and the effort for the required power supply of the memory relay can be considerable.
• the object of the invention is to provide a method and an arrangement which allow the electrical state of the voltage breakdown devices, which are arranged on a section or section of a direct current path to protect against dangerous body currents, to be detected and in one at any time Central to evaluate.
• this object is achieved in that the potential difference between rail potential (railroad earth) and earth potential (water earth) is detected at the existing voltage breakdown devices, which are arranged along the route of a direct current path, and this state is also determined at specified times or at defined time intervals the associated address can be transmitted in a suitable manner to a control center, where the states of the individual voltage breakdown safeguards are evaluated and suitable measures for eliminating detected faults can be initiated immediately.
• the size of a flowing current at the voltage breakdown fuse can also be used as a measure of the electrical state.
• an arrangement which consists of a signaling device, which is arranged directly on the existing voltage breakdown protection, and an evaluation device.
• the signaling device essentially consists of a detection module, a clock module, a power supply, a clock and preferably a coded transmitter.
• the detection module detects the potential difference between the rail potential (railroad earth) and the earth potential (water earth), which is always present via a non-defective voltage breakdown fuse. This potential difference can assume both polarities in relation to the earth potential (water earth).
• a potential difference is determined by the detection module, this stimulates a clock module, which in turn preferably clocks a coded transmitter, which now transmits a clocked coded signal via the electrical state and the address of the voltage breakdown protection to an evaluation device.
• the transmission is preferably carried out by means of a coded transmitter to an evaluation device located nearby, which in turn is equipped with a receiver.
• the clock is controlled and the potential difference across the voltage breakdown fuse is recorded and transmitted only at specified times or at defined time intervals.
• the evaluation device detects and stores the electrical state and the associated address of a certain number of voltage breakdown fuses. After the evaluation, the memories of the evaluation device are reset in order to be free to receive new, current information.
• the detection module does not detect a potential difference above the voltage breakdown. fuse detected.
• the transmission of a signal from the signaling device to the evaluation device is omitted and, as a result of the evaluation, the necessary actions for eliminating the error can be initiated immediately. It also does not send a signal if only one module of the signaling device, for. B. the power supply or the clock has failed, so that a defect is recognized immediately and can be eliminated in a targeted manner.
• An advantage of this solution according to the invention is that current information about the electrical state of the voltage breakdown fuses and the functionality of the signaling devices is available at all times. It is furthermore advantageous that, due to the easy assembly of the signaling device, the already existing voltage breakdown fuses can be used and no additional lines have to be laid when choosing a radio transmission.
• Fig. 1 arrangement for detecting and reporting the electrical state of a voltage breakdown protection.
• Fig. 2 arrangement of the reporting devices and evaluation devices on the route of a direct current path
• the rails 1 of a direct current path are connected to their ground 3 via the voltage breakdown fuse 2 to the earth potential / water earth 4, for. B. tied up bridge potential.
• the signaling device 5 is connected to the railway earth 3 and the water earth 4 and essentially consists of a detection module 6, a power supply 9, a clock 11, a clock module 7 and a transmitter 8.
• the detection module 6 is immediately on
• the voltage breakdown fuse 2 is connected to the railway earth 3 and the water earth 4 and detects the potential difference between these two connections and triggers if the voltage falls below a predetermined, always existing in practical operation, a command to clock the clock module 7.
• the switching of the clock module 7 oscillates freely, with a basic frequency and pulse duty factor that can be set in defined ranges.
• the output signal of the clock module 7 actuates the, preferably electronically designed, switch 13 in this predetermined clock, which thus clocks the coded transmitter 8.
• the transmitter 8 reports the location / address, by means of the coding, and the electrical state of the voltage breakdown protection 2 to an evaluation device.
• the detection and reporting of the state of the voltage breakdown protection is not carried out continuously, but rather at fixed times or at defined time intervals for a limited period of time. This is achieved in that a, preferably electronic, clock 11, which is supplied by its own power supply (battery) 10, switches the power supply (eg battery) 9 of the signaling device 5 on and off via the switch 12 .
• the evaluation device which receives the signal sent by the signaling device 5, is equipped with a mobile receiver and is preferably arranged on a train that drives past the signaling devices 5 on the tracks 1.
• the reporting device 5 is preferably switched on by the clock 11 at a time and for a period of time which corresponds to the passage of the train and is coordinated with the schedule.
• the clock frequency or the respective duty cycle of the clock modules 7 of the individual signaling devices 5 are selected differently.
• the multi-channel receiver of the evaluation device assigns the received signals to the respective channel concerned.
• the signals are saved with their address for further evaluation.
• the memories are reset manually in order to be free for the reception of new, current information. If the detection module 6 of a signaling device 5 does not detect any potential difference between the railway earth and the water earth, or if this is below the specified minimum difference, the clock module 7 is not stimulated by the detection module 6. This also means that the switch 8 is not clocked by the switch 13 and no signal is transmitted by this signaling device 5 to the receiver of the evaluation device. The receiver reports no signal on the relevant channel. This signaling state indicates that the voltage breakdown fuse 2 in question has responded.
• the transmitter clock frequency is determined by the transmitter range, the speed of the mobile receiver (train speed) and by determines the number of wanted shipments.
• the state of charge of the power supply 9 of the signaling device 5 can also be transmitted in a suitable manner with the signal of the signaling device 5 to the evaluation device, so that the respective power supply 9 can be replaced in good time.
• the evaluation devices with the associated receivers are designed to be transportable, they are preferably carried in the driver's cab of the train for recording the messages from the individual message devices 5 along a route and then handed over to the responsible personnel for evaluating the results. If more signaling devices 5 are installed on a route than the evaluation device has storage spaces, several evaluation units can also be carried on a train. It can thus be ensured that the evaluation devices have an optimal number of storage spaces can be executed and a variety of signaling devices can still be detected during a journey.
• the signaling devices 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, « 5.9 distributed on the rails 1 of the route of a direct current path basically correspond to the reporting devices 5 of FIG. 1 in terms of their function and structure, and are distributed locally along the route, preferably in existing buildings, stationary evaluation devices A1, A2, A3, which are each equipped with a receiver.
• a group of signaling devices 5.1,..., 5.9 is assigned to each evaluation device A1, A2, A3, so that the evaluation devices are within the range of the transmitters 8 of the relevant reporting devices.
• the first group of reporting devices 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 is assigned to evaluation device A1, a second group of reporting devices 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7 to evaluation device A2 and a third group 5.8, 5.9 to evaluation device A3.
• the signals of the signaling devices are coded in such a way that they are only evaluated and stored by the assigned evaluation device. For example, the status messages of the signaling devices 5.3 or 5.8 are ignored by the evaluation device A2.
• Transmitters S1, S2, S3 with a larger range are coupled to the evaluation devices A1, A2, A3, which take over the status reports of the respectively associated avoidance devices 5.1,..., 5.9 and transmit them to a central station Z.
• the transmission from the evaluation devices A1, A2, A3 to the higher-level control center Z or a sub-control center UZ can take place directly or via one or more of the other evaluation devices A1, A2, A3.
• the message from the evaluation device A3 can be received via the transmitter S3 as an additional input message in the evaluation device A2 and processed with the messages from the avoidance devices 5.4,..., 5.7 and transmitted via the transmitter S2 as an additional message to the evaluation device A1 become.
• the status messages of all avoidance devices 5.1,..., 5.9 are transmitted from the transmitter S1 to the control center, so that the status of all or individual groups of the voltage breakdown safeguards to be monitored can be evaluated in one control center or in several sub-control centers.
• all memories of the avoidance devices 5.1, ..., 5.9 are restored reset to be free for the acquisition of new current status messages.
• the information stored in the stationary evaluation devices A1, A2, A3 can also be transmitted to the central office via existing telecontrol or mail lines.
• transmission networks to sub-centers and a center are to be set up. Since several stationary receivers are to be arranged along each route, this embodiment is relatively complex, but allows a higher degree of automation.

Landscapes

• Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
• Fuses (AREA)
• Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
• Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6498764

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (6)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1993
  • 1993-09-22 DE DE4332888A patent/DE4332888C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-09-05 CZ CZ96796A patent/CZ79696A3/cs unknown
  • 1994-09-05 SK SK374-96A patent/SK37496A3/sk unknown
  • 1994-09-05 HU HU9600544A patent/HUT75407A/hu unknown
  • 1994-09-05 DE DE59402252T patent/DE59402252D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-09-05 PL PL94313523A patent/PL313523A1/xx unknown
  • 1994-09-05 AT AT94926918T patent/ATE150710T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-09-05 EP EP94926918A patent/EP0720539B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-09-05 WO PCT/EP1994/002938 patent/WO1995008453A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events