Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
  • A61K9/0068—Rumen, e.g. rumen bolus
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/4808—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate characterised by the form of the capsule or the structure of the filling; Capsules containing small tablets; Capsules with outer layer for immediate drug release
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/4816—Wall or shell material
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/4858—Organic compounds

Definitions

• a capsule for delivering drugs into cattle sto ⁇ machs A capsule for delivering drugs into cattle sto ⁇ machs.
• the present invention relates to a capsule for delivering drugs to the proventriculi of cattle. From the human area it is well known that it is possible to take or administer drugs or nutritional supplements encapsulated in capsules of a soluble material, e.g. gelatine, whereby it can be avoided, inter alia, that badly tasting substances get in touch with the mouth.
• a similar practice is not common, at least not in connection with larger animals such as cows, in which connection there are improved possibili ⁇ ties of using special introduction appliances, e.g. the so-called powder guns, by means of which a desired drug can be dosed directly into the gullet.
• the present invention endeavours to provide a cap ⁇ sule that can be fully suitable in use and yet so inex ⁇ pensive that it will be realistic to prefabricate and keep at stock filled capsules, ready for use, containing different drugs and drug mixtures.
• the invention is based on two different basic considerations, viz.
• the capsule casing itself for the rele ⁇ vant application, should not necessarily be 100% assimi ⁇ lated in the organism, if the casing consists of a rele ⁇ vant feeding material such as cellulose, and for another part that the same casing should not necessarily be soluble or penetratable for the delivery of the active substance, if this substance is present in a carrier material that is self carrying inside the casing, yet accessible through openings therein, preferably in being arranged as a material string inside a cylindrical cas ⁇ ing that is open at both ends.
• a simple cardboard tube can be used, and the carrier material may consist of a suitable fatty substance such as palm oil and/or suet.
• a suitable fatty substance such as palm oil and/or suet.
• the drug at ambient tem ⁇ perature and in a natural condition, can be filled into a casing tube, which has already been closed at one end by a plug of the pure fatty substance, while the tube is thereafter closed at the other end by a similar end plug.
• the capsule casing may consist of an extremely simple, inexpensive and yet strong cardboard tube, which may buttress the fatty contents of the cap ⁇ sule.
• the casing may be filled in a simple manner by the mixed filling substance in a heated condition being poured down into the tube and then allowed to cool, whereafter it will not be necessary to effect any furt ⁇ her closing of the partly open casing.
• the casing when emptied, will appear in an intact condition in the stomach of the animal during a certain time after its contents, by melting, having been admixed into the rumen liquid.
• this casing as consisting of cellulose will be almost a natural feeding material, which will be naturally catabolized by the rumen liquid, and particularly in ruminants the semidissolved casing will soon be exposed to an intensive mechanical working that will promote an almost total disolution thereof. Larger remnants, if any, may leave the animal through its intestinal system without any problems.
• Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a holding system for casing tubes, for the production of capsules accord ⁇ ing to the invention
• Fig. 2 is a schematic side view illustrating the filling of these casings.
• Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a ready-made cap ⁇ sule according to the invention.
• a lower metal pan 2 which is provided with circular depressions 4, and an upper sup ⁇ port plate 6 provided with corresponding throughholes 8 and stabilized in a manner not shown.
• cardboard tubes 10 are lowered through the holes 8, such that they will stand loosely at the bottom of the depressions 4.
• the tubes 10, may 8-15 cm long and have a diameter of 2-3 cm.
• the finely chopped material mixture is transferred to a heated container 12, Fig. 2, in which the mixture, under agitation,is heated to some 50 centidegrees, e.g. with the use of a hot water mantle 14. Thereby the fatty substance will melt, and the agitation will promote the melting of the charge and a homogeneous admixture of the added drug or drugs.
• the content of the container is pumped out by means of a pump P through a hose to a dosing nozzle N, from which the melted material is filled down into the tubes 10.
• the material solidifies from the bottom, when it hits the bottom pan 2, whereby there will soon be formed a thin bottom plug which will pre ⁇ vent the melted material from leaking out, even though no special sealing at the tube bottom has been provided for. In this way, all the tubes are filled entirely or almost entirely with the material.
• the material will solidify in the tubes, but it is preferred to subject the illustrated unit to an active cooling in order to promote the solidification and thereby a rapid release of the plates 2 and 6 for a new production cycle.
• the cooling by way of exam ⁇ ple, may be effected by placing the entire unit in a freezer for a suitable period of time, but in connection with a larger production, of course, both this and other process steps may be effected in a more rational manner.
• the material at the bottom of the cardboard tubes 10 will adhere to the underlying plate 2.
• this plate is of metal, prefer ⁇ ably aluminium, it is easily possible to break this bond by a brief heating of the plate, when the cooling and thus the solidification has proceeded so far that the filled tubes 10 can be taken out for storing at ambient temperature. Thereafter, the tube units will not neces ⁇ sarily need further packaging, though it may be prefer ⁇ red to pack them in an airtight casing.
• the capsules thus finished may be packed in boxes and kept at stock in more different types, e.g. with contents of different relevant drugs.
• the cardboard tubes 10 which may be of the type used as cores in rolls of toilet paper, may be impregnated with a fatty substance, such that at their outside they are smooth and slightly fatty, while at their inside they will easily connect with the filled- in, warm fatty material.
• These tubes will act suitably stiffening on the rods of the fatty material formed by casting inside the tubes, and they will prevent an ini ⁇ tial melting out of the drugs already by the insertion of the capsules into the gullet.
• the "cardboard” will be the preferred material, but this should be understood reasonably broadly, e.g. also com ⁇ prising tubes of pulp, and besides, the invention is not limited to the tube members having to consist of a cel ⁇ lulose material.
• the tube ends may be coated by a rapidly liquid soluble material such as gelatine, in particular if the capsules are intended for use in warm climates, but otherwise it is a specific advantage that the capsules may be manufactured without any necessity of closing the ends of the tubes 10.
• a rapidly liquid soluble material such as gelatine
• the palm oil as here mentioned can be substituted entirely or partly by other fatty materials, when only it is endeavoured that the resulting mixture is reason ⁇ able rigid at ambient temperatures indoors and outdoors, while being noticeable softer by the body temperatures of the relevant animals.
• Certain drugs are sensible to the required heating of the fatty substance.
• the melted fat into the tubes 10 for forming a bottom plug portion having a suitable height in the tube, whereafter the drug is introduced in its natural condition, and finally the remaining free, upper ends of the tubes are cast out.
• the fatty material binds itself very well to the inside of the tubes, such that in practice it is sufficient if it appears as end plugs.
• a paper wafer may be laid down in order to prevent a direct local contact between the drug and the warm bottom plug material, such that the latter should not be extensively cooled before the introduction of the drug, and between the drug and the added upper plug material.
• the discussed type of capsules will not be limited to be used for the delivery of drugs into the stomachs of just cattle .
• the cardboard casing may be prepared, in a simple manner, so as to be easily openable upon being introduced into the cattle stomach, viz. by providing the casing in its finished condition with an axial cut at just a single place.
• This measure will be without importance for the stability of the casing prior to the introduction thereof, but after the introduction the casing will seek to straighten out itself, in particular because tubes of the relevant type are made from a screw wounded material with associated tensions.
• the bonding between the fatty substance and the cardboard will soon be weakened by the increased temperature and by the rumen liquid, and consequently an effective delivery can be initiated substantially sooner than in case of a non-cut tube.
• a corresponding effect is achievable by providing the tube casings as rounded cardboard sheets, whereby the tubes may appear with an axial throughslit or an overlapping gap area, as the rounded shape can be stabilized solely by the adhesion of the fatty material.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Nutrition Science (AREA)
• Physiology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
• Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8100564

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (5)

• 1993
  • 1993-09-22 DK DK106293A patent/DK106293D0/da not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1994
  • 1994-09-21 DE DE4497038A patent/DE4497038B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-09-21 WO PCT/DK1994/000351 patent/WO1995008321A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1994-09-21 DE DE4497038T patent/DE4497038T1/de active Pending
  • 1994-09-21 AU AU76523/94A patent/AU7652394A/en not_active Abandoned
• 1996
  • 1996-03-18 DK DK199600306A patent/DK176205B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-03-21 SE SE9601080A patent/SE507174C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events