WO1994001983A1 - Ondulateur comportant des agencements de bobines a bobines concentriques - Google Patents

Ondulateur comportant des agencements de bobines a bobines concentriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994001983A1
WO1994001983A1 PCT/EP1993/001767 EP9301767W WO9401983A1 WO 1994001983 A1 WO1994001983 A1 WO 1994001983A1 EP 9301767 W EP9301767 W EP 9301767W WO 9401983 A1 WO9401983 A1 WO 9401983A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
wiggler
coils
vertical axis
tesla
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1993/001767
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johan Overweg
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1994001983A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994001983A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/04—Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wiggler with a longitudinal axis, with a vertical axis intersecting it and perpendicular to it, and with two coil arrangements which are spaced apart from one another along the vertical axis and are oriented essentially mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to a central plane containing the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the vertical axis , and each having a plurality of coils.
  • the invention relates in particular to wigglers with superconducting coils and to wigglers which are intended to generate magnetic fields whose maxima lie between 2 tesla and 10 tesla, in particular around 4 tesla to 5 tesla.
  • Wigglers of this type are used in accelerator systems and storage ring systems for elementary particles, especially electrons and / or positrons, to generate synchrotron radiation.
  • Wiggler can also be used for various control and regulation applications.
  • a wiggler is basically a device which generates a magnetic field and which is distinguished in that it deflects a charged elementary particle which has entered the magnetic field along a predetermined, generally rectilinear target path from the target path and returns it to the target path, so that this Elementary particles leave the magnetic field on the target path again.
  • the effect of the wiggler In this sense, an elementary particle flying through is limited to a certain time delay, since the particle flies through a curved path inside the wiggler that is longer than the target path; behind the wiggler the elementary particle flies again on the target orbit, on which it would also fly in the absence of the wiggler.
  • a wiggler With regard to the generation of synchrotron radiation, which is emitted by an electron or positron when it is on a curved path, a wiggler is particularly interesting since it allows the generation of synchrotron radiation independently of deflection magnets and the like;
  • an existing accelerator or storage ring system which, owing to its spatial arrangement and / or the dimensions of its deflection magnets, is not suitable or is suitable only to a limited extent for the efficient generation of synchrotron radiation, can be upgraded to a high-quality synchrotron radiation source by retrofitting a wiggler.
  • the path of the elementary particle in the magnetic field is curved several times so that multiple synchrotron radiation is emitted there.
  • the first-mentioned document relates to a wiggler with superconducting coils, which generates a maximum magnetic field of approximately 5 Tesla.
  • the second document provides an overview of the entire technical environment of wigglers and undulators; In particular, reference is hereby expressly made to this document and its entire disclosure.
  • superconducting coils in wigglers have so-called "racetrack shapes" (where a single coil can have concentric coils and / or superposed coils, depending on the application).
  • a wiggler is formed from two coil arrangements arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to a central plane, each of which consists of a plurality of coils arranged in a racetrack shape alongside one another along a longitudinal axis lying in the central plane.
  • these coils are subjected to electrical currents in certain proportions and predetermined directions of rotation and thus generate a spatially varying magnetic field along the longitudinal axis, which is also the desired path of the elementary particles passing through the Wiggler.
  • racetrack coils This deflects the elementary particles entering along the longitudinal axis in a certain way onto a more or less complicated, multi-curved path and finally leads them back to the target path. Details of this can be found in the documents of the prior art.
  • racetrack coils it should be noted that their curved segments do not significantly influence the magnetic field on the longitudinal axis; therefore, racetrack coils usually have to be very elongated.
  • the present invention is based on the following task:
  • the wiggler according to the invention with a longitudinal axis, with a vertical axis intersecting it and perpendicular to it, and with two coil arrangements which are spaced apart from one another along the vertical axis and are oriented essentially mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to a central plane containing the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the vertical axis, and each one Having a plurality of coils is characterized according to the invention in that each coil arrangement has an inner coil which is axially symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis and an outer coil which is axially symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis and which surrounds the inner coil.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that magnetic fields of the type required in Wiggemper can be produced not only with the known coil arrangements from three race track coils arranged next to one another, but also with arrangements from two coils which are concentric with one another. This enables the generation of a magnetic field with coil arrangements from two coils, for which previously coil arrangements with three coils were required. Since racetrack coils, especially relatively elongated racetrack coils, are difficult to manufacture, the Invention achieved a remarkable advantage. Even if a racing track coil is still required as the inner coil, a coil with a simpler shape can still be used as the outer coil; the advantage also results from the smaller curvatures that are present in the outer coil, which must have a larger diameter than the inner coil.
  • all coils of the Wiggler are approximately flat.
  • the outer coil is given an approximately circular symmetry, that is to say a round shape. Such a shape is particularly easy to manufacture, which requires no further explanation at this point.
  • a coil that extends along a transverse axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the vertical axis can be considered as the inner coil.
  • an inner coil in the form of a racetrack can be used; it should be noted that the invention allows the use of racetrack coils that are significantly less stretched than previously required racetrack coils.
  • a first effect is the increase in the field at the center of the Wigglers, since the curved segments of the racetrack Supply coils while shortening the straight segments; a second effect is a spatially stronger variation of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the center.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the wiggler which can possibly be added to other configurations, is that in each coil arrangement the coils are each at an associated distance from the central plane and the distance between the inner coil is smaller than the distance between the outer coil. It should first be noted that the distances of the inner coils from the central plane essentially determine the height of the magnetic field generated in the center of the wiggler; these distances are therefore usually specified. Likewise, the ratio between its distance from the longitudinal axis and its diameter must be kept sufficiently small for each coil, since otherwise irregularities occur in the magnetic field on the longitudinal axis, which are generally unacceptable.
  • each coil arrangement at least one coil is assigned an essentially flat compensating coil, which is aligned essentially axially symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis and approximately parallel to the central plane is, the coil between the center plane and the associated compensating coil.
  • Such a compensating coil can be used to reduce the magnetic forces between two corresponding coils of the coil arrangements; the force that occurs between one coil and the associated compensating coil reduces the force between the coil and the corresponding coil in the other coil arrangement.
  • the requirements for mechanical supports which are to be arranged directly between corresponding coils of different coil arrangements are significantly reduced; u.
  • Support devices arranged directly between corresponding coils of different coil arrangements can be dispensed with. Of course, it is not possible to completely do without support; however, such support devices can each intervene between the coil and the associated compensating coil and thus allow the space lying directly between coils corresponding to one another to remain free of complex internals.
  • the coils corresponding to one another can thus be brought closer to one another than previously, which enables both a general improvement in the quality of the magnetic field generated and a significant increase in the strength of the magnetic field.
  • the inner coils of the wiggler are particularly preferred for assigning compensating coils, since they are exposed to the greatest mechanical loads. It goes without saying that the magnetic fields of the compensating coils influence and strengthen the magnetic fields of the inner coils, which of course has to be taken into account when designing the inner coils and compensating coils; the same applies to the case that other coils are assigned compensation coils.
  • each compensating coil has approximately the same shape as the coil to which it is assigned; this feature allows a simplified production, since special facilities and expenses for the production of the compensation coils are not required.
  • the wiggler is particularly advantageously designed with superconducting coils; in particular, it allows the coils to be produced to generate a magnetic field at the intersection of the longitudinal axis and the vertical axis, the center of the wiggler, between 2 Tesla and 10 Tesla, in particular between 3 Tesla and 6 Tesla, preferably between 4 Tesla and 5 Tesla, which is what many of the usual uses is necessary.
  • the Wiggler is particularly qualified in any training for generating synchrotron radiation by means of a beam of elementary particles, in particular electrons or positrons, which enters the Wiggler along the longitudinal axis and likewise leaves the Wiggler along the longitudinal axis.
  • Figure 1 is an oblique view of a vertical longitudinal section through a wiggler
  • Figure 2 is a vertical plan view of the coils of the wiggler
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of a special embodiment of the wiggler.
  • FIG. 1 shows how two coil arrangements each of an inner coil 3 and an outer coil 4 form a wiggler.
  • Inner coils 3 and outer coils 4 are each approximately flat and are aligned parallel to a central plane, which contains the longitudinal axis 1 and is aligned perpendicular to the vertical axis 2.
  • the intersection 10 of the longitudinal axis 1 and vertical axis 2 the magnetic field generated by the coils 3, 4 is strongest.
  • Each inner coil 3 has a so-called racetrack shape with two straight segments 7 which are connected to one another by two curved segments 6 (only one such curved segment 6 is visible for each inner coil 3).
  • the outer coils 4 are approximately circular, which is why they are easy to manufacture.
  • the inner coil 3 and the outer coil 4 are aligned essentially concentrically to one another, the centers of the coils 3, 4 lying on the vertical axis 2.
  • the coil arrangements separated from one another by the central plane containing the longitudinal axis 1 are arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to the central plane.
  • the mirror symmetry advantageously extends not only to the outer shape of the coils 3, 4, but also to the currents flowing in the coils 3, 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical top view of a coil arrangement of the wiggler.
  • a circular outer coil 4 can be seen, in which a raceway-shaped inner coil 3 is arranged in a concentric manner.
  • the longitudinal axis 1 indicates the direction of the elementary particles passing through the wiggler.
  • the inner coil 3 is stretched along a transverse axis 5, which is like the longitudinal axis
  • I is parallel to the median plane.
  • inner coils 3 can be used which are only slightly stretched along the transverse axis 5; such coils are mechanically much more robust than strongly stretched coils, since a slightly stretched shape allows a much better compensation of the forces occurring parallel to the center plane between the straight segments 7 compared to strongly stretched coils.
  • each inner coil 3 is an approximately identically designed compensating coil
  • each coil arrangement lies between the central plane given by the longitudinal axis 1 and the respective associated compensating coil 11.
  • the compensating coils 11 serve to compensate for the magnetic forces which the inner coils 3 exert on one another during operation.
  • the magnetic fields of each inner coil 3 and the associated compensating coil 11 must be aligned parallel to one another. Due to the magnetic forces occurring between each inner coil 3 and the associated compensating coil 11, each inner coil 3 is drawn to its associated compensating coil 11; this reduces the force between the inner coils 3, which simplifies the mechanical support of the inner coils 3 against one another. Support material between the inner coils 3 can thus be dispensed with.
  • the inner coils 3 are thus closer to the central plane than before, and it is on Intersection 10 between the longitudinal axis 1 and vertical axis 2 to achieve a higher magnetic field, corresponding to an improved synchrotron radiation generation.
  • a mutual mechanical support of the two arrangements of inner coil 3 and compensating coil 11 must still be provided; However, this support device does not have to lie directly between the inner coils 3, but rather can intervene in the interstices between each inner coil 3 and the associated compensating coil 11 and thus implement the support of the inner coils 3 against one another in a more or less indirect way.
  • Another special feature of the arrangement according to FIG. 3 is that the distance 9 between the outer coil 4 and the central plane represented by the longitudinal axis 1 is greater than the distance 8 between the inner coil 3 and the central plane.
  • the outer coil 4 Due to the large diameter of the outer coil 4, the latter can be distanced from the longitudinal axis 1 without significantly affecting the magnetic field than is the case with racetrack-shaped coils of the type of the inner coil 3 as they are used exclusively in the wigglers of the prior art , it is possible. Accordingly, the Wiggler shown clearly leaves much more space for support devices, cooling shields and the like, which can achieve a significant improvement in operational safety in addition to the compactness that can be achieved.
  • the wiggler can be produced with comparatively little effort, it requires significantly less space than a wiggler according to the prior art, it offers the possibility of a significant simplification of the mechanical support devices which are still necessary and has a particularly high level of operational reliability.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ondulateur comprenant un axe longitudinal (1), un axe normal (2) coupant l'axe précédent perpendiculairement à celui-ci, et deux agencements de bobines montés à distance entre eux, le long de l'axe normal (2), et alignés mutuellement, sensiblement symétriquement par rapport à un plan médian contenant l'axe longitudinal (1) et perpendiculaire à l'axe normal (2). Chaque agencement présente une pluralité de bobines (3, 4, 11), une bobine intérieure (3) symétrique par rapport à l'axe normal (2) étant entourée par une bobine extérieure (4) symétrique par rapport à l'axe normal (2). La bobine intérieure (3) est avantageusement en forme générale de piste de course; la bobine extérieure (4) peut être sensiblement circulairement symétrique de la bobine (3). En outre, à une bobine (3, 4) de chaque agencement peut être associé une bobine compensatrice (11) pouvant compenser les forces mécaniques s'exerçant directement entre les bobines correspondantes (3, 4) de différents agencements de bobines. L'ondulateur est utilisé notamment pour des bobines supraconductrices (3, 4, 11), en particulier pour la production d'un champ magnétique entre 4 et 5 teslas, ainsi que pour des sources de rayonnement synchrotron.
PCT/EP1993/001767 1992-07-08 1993-07-07 Ondulateur comportant des agencements de bobines a bobines concentriques WO1994001983A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92111569A EP0577874A1 (fr) 1992-07-08 1992-07-08 Ondulateur comportant des agencements de bobines concentriques
EP92111569.7 1992-07-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994001983A1 true WO1994001983A1 (fr) 1994-01-20

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PCT/EP1993/001767 WO1994001983A1 (fr) 1992-07-08 1993-07-07 Ondulateur comportant des agencements de bobines a bobines concentriques

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WO (1) WO1994001983A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2515446A (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-12-31 Europ Thermodynamics Ltd Thermoelectric generators

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006056052B4 (de) 2006-11-28 2009-04-16 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Planar-helischer Undulator

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2302979A1 (de) * 1973-01-22 1974-07-25 Siemens Ag Wechselstrommagnet
EP0355704A1 (fr) * 1988-08-18 1990-02-28 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Aimants permanents en terres rares anisotropiques, procédé pour les fabriquer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2302979A1 (de) * 1973-01-22 1974-07-25 Siemens Ag Wechselstrommagnet
EP0355704A1 (fr) * 1988-08-18 1990-02-28 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Aimants permanents en terres rares anisotropiques, procédé pour les fabriquer

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS. Bd. MAG17, Nr. 5, September 1981, NEW YORK US Seiten 1595 - 1598 BAYNHAM ET AL. 'A 5 Tesla superconducting wiggler magnet' in der Anmeldung erwähnt *
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS Bd. 208, 1983, AMSTERDAM NL Seiten 65 - 77 BROWN ET AL. 'Wiggler and undulator magnets - A review' in der Anmeldung erwähnt *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2515446A (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-12-31 Europ Thermodynamics Ltd Thermoelectric generators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0577874A1 (fr) 1994-01-12

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