WO1993022120A1 - Interengaging fastener member and method of making same - Google Patents
Interengaging fastener member and method of making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993022120A1 WO1993022120A1 PCT/US1993/002942 US9302942W WO9322120A1 WO 1993022120 A1 WO1993022120 A1 WO 1993022120A1 US 9302942 W US9302942 W US 9302942W WO 9322120 A1 WO9322120 A1 WO 9322120A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- base
- fastener member
- sacrificial
- head
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
- B29C33/52—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles soluble or fusible
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
- A44B18/00—Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/40—Removing or ejecting moulded articles
- B29C45/44—Removing or ejecting moulded articles for undercut articles
- B29C45/4457—Removing or ejecting moulded articles for undercut articles using fusible, soluble or destructible cores
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
- Y10S425/012—Destructible mold and core
Definitions
- This invention relates to f steners and
- Mating fasteners that include two opposed fastener members are popular in a variety of applications.
- the particular type of mating fastener with which the present invention is concerned includes two opposed fastener members, each including a surface having a
- Such fasteners are particularly useful in an environment where it is desirable to interengage the fastener using a relatively small amount of force, while requiring a larger force to separate the fastener members.
- FIG. 1 A conventional molded polymeric fastener is shown in Figure 1. Included are opposed fastener members 10 and 12, including bases 14 and 16, respectively. Each base includes a plurality of arranged stems 18 orthogonally projecting therefrom, and each terminating in
- the heads have generally arcuate surfaces 22 opposite the respective bases 14 and 16, which surfaces are adapted for sliding contact with the encountered arcuate surfaces 22 of heads 20 when the fastener members are first brought
- Heads 20 also each include a generally planar latching surface 24 extending radially outwardly of the stem, which is adapted to engage a latching surface of an - opposed head, as shown in Figure 2.
- fasteners of the type discussed above were generally formed by passing a backing layer having a multiplicity of projecting stems beneath a heat source, which heat source tends to melt the stems to form heads atop each of the stems.
- a heat source tends to melt the stems to form heads atop each of the stems.
- the '832 patent discloses a multi-step process for producing a fastener member having a backing layer, a plurality of monofilament stems projecting normally from the backing layer, and a head atop each stem.
- the process illustrated schematically in Figure 3, includes moving two backing layers 50 and 52 in parallel paths while feeding monofilament 54 between the layers, and pressing the monofilaments using applicators 56 and 58, so that the monofilaments extend normally between the layers.
- the monofilaments are severed halfway between the backing layers by blade 60, which produces dual, opposed backing layers each having a plurality of monofilaments extending from each backing.
- the newly severed terminal ends of the monofilaments are then heated by heat sources 62 and 64 to a temperature sufficient to form a head atop each of the stems.
- the two fastener members 66 and 68 are Wound onto separate rollers 70 and 72, respectively, for dispensation and use.
- the fasteners formed by the process described above tend to exhibit inconsistently shaped heads, which can potentially affect release performance.
- a generally spherical head having an arcuate latching surface may be unintentionally formed by such a process.
- An arcuate latching surface tends to disengage more easily than a planar latching surface extending radially from the stem, and could lower the force required to disengage the fastener.
- the heads could be irregularly formed due to the inconsistent application of heat, differences in production speed, and the like. Such irregularities could prompt inconsistent release characteristics, which may be undesirable under some circumstances.
- heads that are generally conical, spherical, or some other such desired shape in order to obtain certain engagement and release characteristics.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,454,183 discloses a three lobed head structure formed by the application of heat to a triangular monofilament stem.
- heads formed by the application of heat to a monofilament stem tend not to be consistently formed.
- the number of different head structures is generally limited by the size and shape of the stems from which they are formed.
- the secondary fastening portion is typically attached to the back of the fastener member by welding (either solvent, heat, or ultrasonic welding) , which requires a manufacturing step separate from the formation of the fastener portion.
- the second manufacturing step increases the cost of the article, and is therefore undesirable.
- a method of making a fastener member having a base and a plurality of arranged stems each having a proximal end projecting from the base and a distal end having a head includes the steps of (a) providing a base mold having a cavity adapted to mold the base of the fastener; (b) providing a sacrificial stem mold having a plurality of arranged passageways for molding the stems; (c) providing a head mold having a plurality of arranged cavities for molding the heads; (d) securing the sacrificial stem mold adjacent the base mold with the passageways of the stem mold in fluidic communication with the base mold cavity, and securing the head mold adjacent the sacrificial stem mold with the head mold cavities in fluidic communication with the passageways of the sacrificial stem mold; (e) flowing a molten plastic into the molds through the inlet passageway in one of the base mold, the sacrificial stem mold, and the head mold to
- a mold for making a unitary plastic fastener member comprising a base and a plurality of stems arranged in columns and rows, each stem having a proximal end projecting from the base and a distal end having a head.
- the mold includes (a) a base mold having a cavity adapted to mold the base of the fastener; (b) a sacrificial stem mold adjacent the base mold and having a plurality of passageways arranged in columns and rows and in fluidic communication with the base mold cavity to mold the stems atop and projecting from the base; and (c) a head mold having a plurality of cavities arranged in columns and rows and in fluidic communication with the sacrificial stem mold passageways, the head mold cavities adapted to mold the heads of the fastener member, the head mold having an inlet passageway communicating at least one of the cavities with an outer wall of the head mold and adapted for transfer of a molten plastic material to the at least one cavity to form the fastener member.
- the base mold and head mold are adapted for separation from the sacrificial stem mold and plastic fastener member to enable release of the fastener member from the sacrificial stem mold without damage thereto.
- the sacrificial mold is made of a thermoplastic containing a COOH group that is soluble in an aqueous media.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a representative fastener of the prior art prior to interengagement of the fastener members
- Figure 2 is a sectional view of a representative. fastener of the prior art following interengagement of the fastener members;
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a process of the prior art for providing heads to a plurality of monofilament stems projecting from a base layer;
- Figure 4 is a plan view of a sacrificial stem mold according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a sectional view of a head mold, a stem mold and a base mold prior to injection molding of the fastener member of the present invention
- Figure 6 is a sectional view of a head mold, sacrificial stem mold and a base mold following injection molding of the fastener member of the present invention
- Figure 7 is a sectional view of the fastener member of the present invention with the sacrificial stem mold attached to the stems of the fastener following injection molding of the fastener;
- Figure 8 is a sectional view of the fastener member of the present invention after the sacrificial stem mold has been removed from the fastener member;
- Figure 9 is a sectional view of a head mold according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a plan view of one embodiment of a fastener according to the present invention.
- Figures 11 and 12 are sectional views of different embodiments of a mold according to the present invention.
- Figures 13 and 14 are sectional views through a sacrificial stem mold, stem, and head of fastener members formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a method is disclosed of forming a fastener member having a base, a plurality of stems atop the base and projecting therefrom, and a plurality of heads connected to distal ends of the stems.
- the method which will be described in detail below, generally involves forming a sacrificial stem mold, securing the sacrificial stem mold between a base mold and a head mold, injecting molten or liquid material to form the fastener, separating the base and head molds from the sacrificial stem mold to expose the fastener, and removing the sacrificial stem mold to release the fastener.
- the method of the present invention will be better understood with reference to Figures 4 through 8, which generally illustrate succeeding steps in the method.
- a sacrificial stem mold 100 is formed including a plurality of arranged passageways 106 corresponding to the desired shape and location of the stems of the finished fastener member.
- the passageways are shown in cross section as being circular, but could also have a different cross-sectional profile (e.g. square or triangular, as shown generally at 99 in Figure 4) .
- the sacrificial stem mold 100 could include passageways of two or more cross-sectional configurations within that mold (e.g. alternating rows of circular and square cross-sectional passageways, or alternating circular and square cross-sectional passageways within each row) .
- the passageways may be regularly arranged in columns and rows, or may be formed in any other desired arrangement.
- a generally circular connector 110' may be formed, including stems (not shown) and head portions 120' arranged in a pattern comprising a plurality of concentric rings, as shown in Figure 10. It is preferred that the passageways of the sacrificial stem mold be arranged such that adjacent passageways are slightly separated from each other. As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4 through 8, a slight separation between each pair of rows of stems facilitates interengagement when opposed fastener members are fastened together, as shown in Figure 2, because the respective stems and attached heads are able to deflect into the space separating adjacent pairs of rows when the respective heads contact each other. The proper spacing of each respective row of stems depends on several factors, including but not limited to the material from which the fastener members are made, the size of the stems and heads, the intended use, and the desired disengagement force.
- Sacrificial stem mold 100 is generally planar, which permits the formation of head portions having generally planar latching portions.
- the sacrificial stem mold 100' and 100" may be adapted to form a configured latching surfaces 124' and 124", respectively, in order to alter the force necessary to disengage interconnected fastener members.
- planar latching surfaces and configured latching surfaces provided by suitable modifications of the sacrificial stem mold are within the scope of the present invention.
- the sacrificial stem mold is designed to be durable enough to withstand the injection molding process used to form the fastener member, and to be removed after the fastener member has been formed to release the fastener.
- the fastener may be "removed" from the sacrificial mold by many different methods, including dissolving the mold with a solvent (e.g. water, acetone, or alcohol) , disintegrating, melting, shattering (e.g. by force or ultrasonic wave transmission) , cutting, or otherwise removing the sacrificial stem mold from around the stems without damaging the fastener member.
- a solvent e.g. water, acetone, or alcohol
- disintegrating melting, shattering (e.g. by force or ultrasonic wave transmission)
- cutting, or otherwise removing the sacrificial stem mold from around the stems without damaging the fastener member e.g. by force or ultrasonic wave transmission
- the sacrificial stem mold material is a water soluble material
- thermoplastic mixtures of fillers and polymers containing COOH groups which are soluble in aqueous or aqueous-alkaline media.
- Such mixtures can be thermoplastically formed into solid parts, which can be dissolved after use.
- An example of such a material that may be suitable for certain applications is available from the Belland Ag. of Switzerland under the designation GBC-1330.
- the sacrificial stem mold is typically formed by injection molding, which is well known in the art, as shown in 8 Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering 102-34 (Wiley 1987) , the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Injection molding generally involves providing a die having a cavity, which cavity is connected to the outside of the die by an inlet passageway. The die is usually split into at least two parts, allowing the die parts to be separated to remove an article formed therein. Molten material is flowed into the die cavity through the inlet passageway, where the material solidifies to form an article that is shaped by the contours of the cavity. When the material has solidified, the die is removed to expose the finished article * .
- sacrificial stem mold After the sacrificial stem mold 100 has been formed, it is placed between a base mold 102 and a head mold 104 in preparation for injection molding the fastener member of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5.
- Base mold 102 and head mold 104 are both permanent molds, meaning that they are not intended to be broken or destroyed to release the fastener.
- base mold 102, sacrificial stem mold 100 and head mold 104 are positioned with the cavities of each mold positioned in fluidic communication with the corresponding cavities of the adjacent mold, as shown in Figure 6, in order to form the fastener member of the present invention.
- Base mold 102 includes an inlet passageway 108 that communicates with cavity 109, as shown in Figure 5.
- Inlet passageway 108 may enter from any side or the bottom of base mold 102, and is adapted to permit transfer of the molten material from a source of such material into cavity 109. It may be desirable for inlet passageway to be generally fan-shaped, in order to spread the flow of molten material more evenly within cavity 109.
- inlet passageway 108 enters cavity 109 from a side of base mold 102, as shown in Figure 5.
- inlet passageways 108' may be formed in head mold 104', whereby inlet passageway 108' is fluidically connected to one or more head cavities 107', as shown in Figure 11.
- inlet passageway 108" enters through head mold 104" and sacrificial stem mold 100" to fluidically communicate with cavity 109", as shown in Figure 12.
- Cavity 109 is shaped to form the base of the fastener member, which may be of various different dimensions depending on the application.
- cavity 109 is adapted to form a flat base having a width that is greater than its thickness, but other embodiments are also possible, such as a base mold 102 that is much larger than the stem and head portions formed thereon.
- a large panel e.g. an automotive body panel or trim component
- the base mold although shown as relatively small with respect to the head and stem molds, should be understood to include base molds adapted to form base portions that are much larger and more detailed than those illustrated herein.
- base mold 102 may be dimensioned to provide a secondary fastening portion, shown in Figures 5-8 as screw thread 111, adjoining base 114, which enables attachment of fastener member 110 to a body, surface, or the like.
- Inlet passageway 108 could also be adapted to form such a secondary fastening portion. It is a further advantage of the preferred method of injection molding the fastener member of the present invention that the secondary fastening portion may be injection molded simultaneously with the remainder of the fastener member.
- Sacrificial stem mold 100 is positioned atop base mold 102 such that molten material will fill cavity 109 to form the base, and flow into passageways 106 to form stems 118 and into head cavities 107 of head mold 104 to form heads 120, as described below.
- each of stems 118 will have a proximal end 117 that is anchored to base 114, and a distal end 119 that projects from base 114, as shown in Figure 8.
- head mold 104 is positioned atop sacrificial stem mold 100, and includes a plurality of arranged head cavities 107 that are adapted to mold heads 120 atop the respective.distal ends 119 of the stems. Head cavities 107 are in fluidic communication with the respective passageways 1&6 that form stems 118, in order that molten material flow through passageways 106 to form heads 120. Head cavities 107 may be formed in one of many different shapes, including head cavities that are conical, hemispherical, cylindrical, cubic, spherical or the like. For example, Figure 9 shows head cavities that are generally conical (107') and generally cubic (107"). In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 4-8, head cavities 107 are shown as a mushroom shape.
- the fastener member includes a base layer measuring approximately .15 cm. (.06") thick, a plurality of cylindrical stems measuring .08 cm. ( * 03") in diameter and .18 cm. (.07”) high, and a plurality of generally conical heads having a base diameter measuring approximately .165 cm. (.065") and a height of approximately .13 cm. (.05").
- the stems are arranged in sets of rows, such that the two rows of each pair of rows are separated by approximately .2 cm.
- a suitable molten plastic material may be injected through inlet passageway 108 to form fastener member 110, as shown in Figure 6.
- plastic includes all monomers, polymers, and oligomers and mixtures thereof. Injection molding is preferred manner of forming the fastener member of the present invention, because resins with higher melting points may be used to form the fastener member when it is injection molded than when the stems must be heated to form heads atop individual monofilaments according to the prior art.
- polypropylene may be used to form fastener members by the prior art method of heating the monofilament stems, because it has a relatively low melting point and the ends of the stems are more easily heated to form the heads.
- Resins such as nylon may be less desirable for the prior art method because nylon has a higher melting temperature, and it may therefore be more difficult to control the formation of a head atop a monofilament by heating.
- nylon and other materials that have relatively high melting points
- reaction- injection molding a process known as reaction- injection molding (RIM) has also been shown to have utility, and generally involves supplying and mixing the proper reactive liquid components and injecting them into a mold where the mixture is polymerized to form a plastic article.
- Materials such as polyurethane, polyester and nylon may be reaction-injection molded in accordance with the present invention.
- fastener material The type of material selected to form the fastener member (hereinafter "fastener material") depends upon the application, and materials such as polypropylene (e.g. product N* 8826J available from Mitsubishi-kasai) , polyacetal (e.g. product W M90-44 available from Polyplastic) , nylon (e.g. product 4 1220S available from Asahi-kasei) , ionomer (e.g. product N 8 1554 available from Mitusi DuPont Chemical) , and thermocurable plastics such as phenolic resins and polyurethane resins have been shown to have utility.
- the fastener material should not chemically interact with the stem mold material or otherwise detrimentally affect the structure or performance of the sacrificial stem mold. Furthermore, as noted above, the stem mold material should be resistant to the injection molding process used to form the fastener member.
- the newly formed fastener is typically allowed to harden while within the base, stem and head molds. Under some circumstances, the fastener material may cure more quickly or effectively if heat is applied.
- Base mold 102 and head mold 104 are removed when fastener member 110 has hardened, which leaves sacrificial stem mold 100 attached to the stems of the fastener member, as shown in Figure 7. Sacrificial stem mold 100 is then removed to release fastener member 110 from the stem mold, as illustrated in Figure 8.
- the sacrificial stem mold is removed by the application of a solvent, preferably water, to the sacrificial mold material to dissolve the sacrificial mold.
- the sacrificial stem mold is removed by dissolving it with hot water.
- the force required to disengage the fastener members constructed according to the present invention may be much greater (e.g. two times greater) than that required to separate comparable fasteners constructed according to the method of the prior art.
- the present invention provides greater control over the formation of the shape of the heads, resulting in a fastener that exhibits greater holding power.
- the force required to engage the fastener member of the present invention may be higher than the force required to engage comparable fastener members formed according to the method of the prior art, although it is believed that such engagement forces may be controlled by varying the head shape, stem spacing and resin modulus.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP51926093A JP3318332B2 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 1993-03-29 | Interengaging fastener member and method of manufacturing the same |
EP93912096A EP0640033B1 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 1993-03-29 | Interengaging fastener member and method of making same |
KR1019940703919A KR100272823B1 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 1993-03-29 | Method of making an fastener member |
DE69311107T DE69311107T2 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 1993-03-29 | INTERMEDIATE FASTENING ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
KR1020000012734A KR100273083B1 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 2000-03-14 | Interengaging fastener member |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/880,052 | 1992-05-07 | ||
US07/880,052 US5242646A (en) | 1992-05-07 | 1992-05-07 | Method of making an interengaging fastener member |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993022120A1 true WO1993022120A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
Family
ID=25375420
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1993/002942 WO1993022120A1 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 1993-03-29 | Interengaging fastener member and method of making same |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5242646A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0640033B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3318332B2 (en) |
KR (2) | KR100272823B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2133650A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69311107T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2102650T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9302385A (en) |
TW (1) | TW218370B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993022120A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995007170A1 (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Sacrificial molding |
WO2017216881A1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-21 | Ykk株式会社 | Fastening tool and fastening tool pair |
US10149516B2 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2018-12-11 | Ykk Corporation | Hook-and-loop fastener manufacturing method |
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- 1993-03-29 DE DE69311107T patent/DE69311107T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-29 CA CA002133650A patent/CA2133650A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 1993-03-29 ES ES93912096T patent/ES2102650T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1995007170A1 (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Sacrificial molding |
US10149516B2 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2018-12-11 | Ykk Corporation | Hook-and-loop fastener manufacturing method |
US10952510B2 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2021-03-23 | Ykk Corporation | Hook-and-loop fastener |
WO2017216881A1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-21 | Ykk株式会社 | Fastening tool and fastening tool pair |
JPWO2017216881A1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2019-01-31 | Ykk株式会社 | Fastening tools and sets of fastening tools |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5614232A (en) | 1997-03-25 |
JPH07509668A (en) | 1995-10-26 |
CA2133650A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
DE69311107T2 (en) | 1998-01-22 |
EP0640033A1 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
KR950701270A (en) | 1995-03-23 |
US5242646A (en) | 1993-09-07 |
KR100273083B1 (en) | 2000-11-15 |
TW218370B (en) | 1994-01-01 |
MX9302385A (en) | 1993-11-01 |
JP3318332B2 (en) | 2002-08-26 |
DE69311107D1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
EP0640033B1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
ES2102650T3 (en) | 1997-08-01 |
KR100272823B1 (en) | 2000-11-15 |
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