Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
  • E04G11/045—Inflatable forms

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a dome- or tunnel- shaped structure by inflating an airtight sheet which by itself or with a foundation in inflated condition defines the basic shape of the structure and by spraying a hardening substance upon the sheet in its inflated condition in areas which lie between rib-shaped supports of the sheet.
• PCT/NL91/00130 a method has been described according to which the inflated sheet is supported by means of ribs which are manufactured by spraying a hardening material such as concrete, in particular a concrete having a microsiiica content such that it has inherent stability in the not yet hardened condition.
• a hardening material such as concrete, in particular a concrete having a microsiiica content such that it has inherent stability in the not yet hardened condition.
• said ribs are manufactured prior to the spraying of the final concrete layer or layers upon the inflated sheet.
• the invention aims at a method which opens the possibility of manufacturing dome- or tunnel-shaped structures, in particular tunnel-shaped structures with high efficiency.
• this is achieved in the first place in that the rib- shaped supports are temporary supports which are placed after inflation and removed after the application of hardening material in areas between said supports, whilst the spaces initially occupied by the temporary supports are filled by spraying after the removal of said supports.
• the inflated sheet is given greater stability for the spraying operation, not as disclosed in the older proposal by first manufacturing the ribs which form part of the final structure, but by supporting the sheet at spaced apart locations by means of temporary supports between which the hardening material is sprayed. After the spraying of said hardening material the said supports are removed and the spaces initially occupied by said supports are thereafter filled by spraying the said hardening material.
• Said temporary supports may be formed by any type of profile which easily can be taken away.
• a temporary support is preferred which is formed by an inflatable tube.
• a tube which of course has the required shape adapted to the inner shape of the structure to be made, gives in its inflated condition sufficient stability to the large inflated sheet which stability is required because said sheet is subjected to vibrations generated e.g. by wind and/or rain.
• tunnel-shaped structures can be manufactured fast by moving the frame stepwise, applying the said tubes by inflation of said tubes to support the innerside of the sheet, spraying the hardening material between the tubes, deflating the tubes to remove them and thereafter moving the frame a further step forwards after which the spraying device can fill the spaces which initially were occupied by said tubes.
• the hardening material primarily comprises a layer of synthetic resin foam such as a polyurethene foam, which layer gives initial stability and adherence upon the sheet. Thereafter the concrete is sprayed upon the foam layer.
• the invention includes a method according to which the temporary supports are placed after the spraying of the foam layer. Accordingly they support a sheet covered already on the inner side with a foam layer. Said supports now give further stability and define spaces for the spraying of the concrete.
• An advantage of delimiting the spaces within which concrete has to be sprayed by means of said temporary supports, in particular by means of inflatable tubes is that one need not to pay too much attention to the fact that during spraying concrete also is deposited on the said temporary supports.
• said reinforcement according to the invention is placed adjacent but spaced apart from the foam layer and between the foam layer and the supports.
• Said temporary supports can at least partly support the reinforcing rods or they are in engagement with spacing profiles which define the space for the reinforcing rods.
• Figure 1 is a cross section through a tunnel-shaped structure under construction
• Figures 2, 3 and 4 show cross sections, e.g. according to the line ll-ll in Figure 1 disclosing different faces of the manufacturing.
• the outer sheet has reference 1 which sheet is connected to a base not shown and inflated. Against the inner side of said sheet 1 a foam layer 2 has been applied in known manner.
• a frame 3 which is movable by not shown means and carries rigid profiles 4.
• inflatable tubes 5 are placed which with their outer side press against a reinforcing network 6 and spacing profiles 7.
• Figure 2 shows the position of said tubes 5 against the inner side of that part of the structure which has already been made and comprises the outer sheet 1 , the foam layer 2 and the reinforcing network 6 with spacing profiles 7.
• Figure 3 discloses the spraying of a concrete layer 8 between the already manufactured concrete part 9 and one of the tubes 5 and between two subsequent tubes 5.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
• Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
• Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
• Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19858796

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (3)

• 1991
  • 1991-08-19 DK DK91914836.1T patent/DK0553102T3/da active
  • 1991-08-19 EP EP91914836A patent/EP0553102B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-08-19 JP JP3513613A patent/JPH06501999A/ja active Pending
  • 1991-08-19 ES ES91914836T patent/ES2082987T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-08-19 BR BR9107118A patent/BR9107118A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-08-19 WO PCT/NL1991/000155 patent/WO1993004246A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1991-08-19 DE DE69116886T patent/DE69116886T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-08-19 AT AT91914836T patent/ATE133740T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (3)

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