Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/06—Antigout agents, e.g. antihyperuricemic or uricosuric agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D237/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings
  • C07D237/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D237/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D237/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D237/14—Oxygen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D237/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings
  • C07D237/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D237/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings
  • C07D237/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D237/30—Phthalazines
  • C07D237/32—Phthalazines with oxygen atoms directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D417/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms

Definitions

• This invention relates to novel pyridazinone acetic acids and derivatives thereof which are aldose reductase inhibitors and which are useful in the treatment of certain chronic complications arising from diabetes mellitus, such as diabetic cataracts, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. These compounds can also be used as hypouricemic agents, useful for lowering blood uric acid levels.
• the invention further relates to novel pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and to a method of using these compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 3,821,383 discloses aldose reductase inhibitors like 1,3-dioxo-1H-benz-[d,e]-isoquinoline-2-(3H)-acetic acid and derivatives thereof to be useful for the treatment of chronic complications of diabetes.
• U.S. Patent 4,226,875 teaches the use of spiro-oxazolidinediones for treating complications of diabetes as aldose reductase inhibitors.
• Such aldose reductase inhibitors function by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme aldose reductase, which is primarily responsible for regulating the reduction of aldoses, such as glucose and galactose, to the corresponding polyols, such as sorbitol and galactitol, in humans and other animals. In this way, unwanted accumulations of galactitol in the lens of galactosemic subjects and of sorbitol in the lens, peripheral nerves and kidneys of various diabetic subjects are prevented or reduced.
• aldose reductase which is primarily responsible for regulating the reduction of aldoses, such as glucose and galactose
• polyols such as sorbitol and galactitol
• such compounds are of therapeutic value as aldose reductase inhibitors for controlling certain chronic diabetic complications, including those of an ocular nature, since it is known in the art that the presence of polyols in the lens of the eye leads to cataract formation, with a concomitant loss of lens clarity.
• French Patent Publication No. 2647676 relates to pyridazinone derivatives having substituted benzyl side chains and benzothiazole side chains which are described as being inhibitors of aldose reductase.
• U.S. Patent 4,251,528 discloses aromatic carbocyclic oxophthalazinyl acetic acids having aldose reductase inhibiting properties.
• Heterocyclic oxophthalazinyl acetic acids and their ethyl esters having an effect on the blood clotting system are disclosed in Chemical Abstracts 1970, 73, 77173y.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,939,140 is directed to heterocyclic oxophthalazinyl acetic acids.
• U. S. Patent No. 4,868,301 is directed to processes and intermediates for the preparation of oxophthalazinyl acetic acids having benzothiazole or other heterocyclic side chains.
• U. S. Patent No. 4,996,204 is directed to Pyridopyridazinone acetic acids.
• European Patent Publication No. 0,397,350 is directed to a process and intermediates for the preparation of oxophthalazinyl acids and analogs thereof.
• PCT/US89/05637 relates to substituted oxophthalazinyl acetic acids and analogs thereof.
• the present invention relates to a compound of the formula
• X is CH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 , -CH(CH 3 ) or
• R 1 is an optionally substituted group selected from phenyl, benzothiazol-2-yl, benzoxazol-2-yl, benzofuran-2-yl, benzothiophen-2-yl, thiazolopyridin-2-yl, oxazolopyridin-2-yl, 3-phenyl 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, and 5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl wherein said substituted groups are substituted with one or two substituents that are independently selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, methylthio, methoxy, hydroxy and trifluoromethyl;
• R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylthio, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy and trifluoromethyl or R 2 and R 3 taken together with the carbons to which they are attached form a group W, wherein W is
• U 1 and U 2 are independently CH 2 , 0 or S with the proviso that both U 1 and U 2 are not O or S;
• R 4 is hydrogen, or a prodrug group
• the present invention also relates to the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula I.
• Such pharmaceutically acceptable salts include sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium and those derived from lower alkylamines (e.g. ethylamine), lower alkanolamines (e.g. triethanolamine) and meglumine.
• Specific preferred compounds of the invention are: 3,4-Dihydro-4-oxo-5,6-dimethyl-3-[(5,7 difluoro-2-benzothiazolyl)methyl]-1-pyridazineacetic acid; 3,4-Dihydro-4-oxo-5,6-dimethyl-3-[(5-trifluoromethyl)- 2-benzothiazoly)methyl]-1-pyridazineacetic acid;
• the present invention also relates to compounds which are useful as intermediates for preparing the compounds of formula I having the general formula:
• R 5 is hydrogen or XR 1 wherein
• X is CH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 , -CH(CH 3 ) , and
• R 1 is CN, or an optionally substituted group
• substituted groups are substituted with one or two substitutents that are independently selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, and trifluoromethyl;
• R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and trifluoromethyl or R 2 and R 3 taken together with the carbons to which they are attached form a group W, wherein W is
• p is 1 or 2 and U 1 and U 2 are independently CH 2 , O or S with the proviso that both U 1 and U 2 are not o or S; and R 4 is (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl.
• the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inhibition of aldose reductase activity comprising a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective in the inhibition of aldose reductase activity, in admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• a pharmaceutical composition for inhibition of aldose reductase activity comprising a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective in the inhibition of aldose reductase activity, in admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• Specific and preferred compositions contain the specific and preferred compounds of formula I as described above.
• the present invention further relates to a method of treating a diabetic host such as an animal or a human for diabetes-associated complications which comprises administering to the host an effective amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• a diabetic host such as an animal or a human for diabetes-associated complications
• Specific and preferred methods comprise administering specific and preferred compounds of formula I as described above.
• the present invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition which can be used for lowering blood uric acid levels in mammals, e.g., humans comprising a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective for lowering blood uric acid levels in a admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the present invention also relates to a method of lowering blood uric acid levels in a mammalian subject which comprises administering to a mammal in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• Specific and preferred methods comprise administering specific and preferred compounds of formula I as described above.
• alkyl includes linear branched and cyclic groups as well as groups having both linear and cyclic or branched and cyclic portions.
• prodrug as used in the definition of R 4 denotes a group that is converted in vivo resulting in replacement by hydrogen.
• groups are generally known in the art and include ester forming groups, to form an ester prodrug, such as benzyloxy, di(C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl amino ethyloxy.
• the compounds of the present invention are prepared as outlined in the following reaction scheme.
• Anhydrides of formula 1,4 and 8 are either commercially available or may be prepared according to standard procedures.
• the compounds of formula 2 wherein R 3 is ethyl or t-butyl are prepared by reacting the compounds 1 with (t-butoxycarbonylmethylene)triphenylphosphorane or (carbothoxymethylene) triphenylphosphorane, respectively, in the Wittig reaction described in Tetrahedron Letters, 1965, 2537.
• the compounds of formula 5 may also be prepared by the same procedure.
• the compounds of formula 9 are obtained using standard Reformatsky reaction conditions with zinc or zinc-copper couple or using a variety of well-known modifications of the Reformatsky reaction (see, for example, Tetrahedron Letters, 1984, 2569).
• Suitable solvents for the conversion of 8 to 9 include aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene) and dialkyl ethers and cyclic ethers (e.g., tetrahydrofuran).
• the temperature is preferably maintained at about 35°C to about 100°C, more preferably at reflux.
• a compound of the formula 6 is prepared by standard allylic bromination using N-bromosuccinic in refluxing carbon tetrachloride.
• the compounds of formula 3 are prepared by reacting the compounds of formula 2, 6 or 9 with anhydrous or aqueous hydrazine in an alcoholic solvent (e.g., ethanol) at a temperature of about 20°C to about 80°C, preferably about 60°C.
• an alcoholic solvent e.g., ethanol
• the temperature may be room temperature or the reflux temperature of the solvent.
• the compounds of formula 13 are obtained on reacting compounds of formula 3 with L-X-R 1 wherein L is chloro or bromo.
• the process is generally carried out in a polar solvent such as an alkanol having one to four carbon atoms (e.g. methanol or ethanol), dimethylformamide or dimethylsulfoxide, in the presence of a base.
• a polar solvent such as an alkanol having one to four carbon atoms (e.g. methanol or ethanol), dimethylformamide or dimethylsulfoxide
• Suitable bases are alkali metal hydrides or alkoxides of one to four carbon atoms, such as sodium or potassium hydride, methoxide or ethoxide.
• a non-aqueous solvent such as dimethylformamide is required.
• the reaction is run at room temperature, or at higher temperatures (about 100°C) to accelerate the process.
• reaction pressures will be in the range of about 0.5 to 2 atmospheres, preferably ambient pressure (about one atmosphere).
• Uric acid containing deposits in such conditions may occur in cartilage, bone, bursae, tendons, connective tissue overlying bony prominences, as well as, subcutaneously and in the area of kidney. Elevated blood uric acid levels also occur in number of other disease conditions including myeloid leukemia, myeloid dysplasia, pernicious anemia, psoriasis, diabetes mellitus and renal disease. As used in the claims and specification hereof, treatment is meant to include both the prevention and alleviation of such conditions.
• the active compounds may be administered to a subject in need of treatment by a variety of conventional routes of administration, including orally, parenterally and topically.
• these compounds will be administered orally or parenterally at dosages between about 2 and 100 mg/kg body weight of the subject to be treated per day, preferably from 5 to 50 mg/kg per day. However, some variation in dosage will necessarily occur depending on the condition of the subject being treated. The person responsible for administration will, in any event, determine the appropriate does for the individual subject.
• the active compounds may not only be advantageously employed for the preparation of aqueous pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral administration, as described above, but also for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions suitable for use as ophthalmic solutions.
• Such ophthalmic solutions are of principal interest for the treatment of diabetic cataracts by topical administration and the treatment of such conditions in this manner is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• the active compounds of this invention are administered to the eye of an ophthalmic preparation prepared in accordance with conventional pharmaceutical practice, see for example "Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences” 15th Edition, pages 1488 to 1501 (Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa).
• the ophthalmic preparation will contain an active compound in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight, preferably from about 0.05 to about 0.5% in a pharmaceutically acceptable solution, suspension or ointment. Some variation in concentration will necessarily occur, depending on the particular compound employed, the condition of the subject to be treated and the like, and the person responsible for treatment will determine the most suitable concentration for the individual subject.
• the ophthalmic preparation will preferably be in the form of a sterile aqueous solution containing, if desired, additional ingredients, for example preservatives, buffers, tonicity agents, antioxidants and stabilizers, nonionic wetting or clarifying agents, viscosity-increasing agents and the like.
• the activity of the compounds of the present invention as agents for the control of chronic diabetic complications may be determined by a number of standard biological or pharmacological tests. Suitable tests include (1) measuring their ability to inhibit the enzyme activity of isolated aldose reductase; (2) measuring their ability to reduce or inhibit sorbitol accumulation in the sciatic nerve and lens of acutely streptozotocinized, i.e.
• Example 1 The present invention is illustrated by the following examples. It will be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the specific details of these examples. In the examples, melting points are uncorrected. Example 1
• Example 2 The title compound of Example 1 (450 mg, 1 mmol) was added to concentrated sulfuric acid (2 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction was quenched with ice-water (20 mL) and the resulting solid was collected. The solid was crystallized from benzene to provide the title compound (yield: 270 mg; 68%), m.p. 174°C.
• Example 2 The title compound of Example 2 (740 mg, 1.74 mmol) was added to trifluoroacetic acid (2 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction was quenched with ice-water (15 mL) and the precipitated solid was collected, air-dried and crystallized from benzene to obtain the title compound (yield: 115 mg; 33%), m.p. 162°C.
• Example 8 The title compound of Example 8 was dissolved in ethanol (20 mL) and hydrazine hydrate (0.6 g, 12 mmol) was added to the solution. After stirring for 4 h at room temperature, the solution was concentrated by removing excess ethanol and the concentrate was triturated with IN hydrochloric acid (10 mL). The resulting solid was collected, air-dried and crystallized from ethanol to obtain the title compound (yield, 0.58 g; 24%), m.p. 114-116°C.
• Example 1B To a solution of the title compound of Example 1B (7.05 g, 29.6 mmol) in DMF (65 ml) was added potassium tert-bitoxide (3.65g, 32.5 mmol) and stirred at ambient temperature for 30 min. Bromoacetonitrile (4.26 g, 35.5 mmol) was added to it and stirring was continued for another
• the solid was air-dried and then crystallized from a 3:1 mixture of cyclohexane and methylene chloride (6.26g, 76%); mp, 120-123°C.
• Tables 1-3 include melting point or NMR spectrum for the compounds described.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Diabetes (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
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• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
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• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (6)

Citations (2)

• 1992
  • 1992-03-09 BR BR9205810A patent/BR9205810A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-03-09 CA CA002107104A patent/CA2107104A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-03-09 DE DE9290035U patent/DE9290035U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-03-09 HU HU9302728A patent/HUT67836A/hu unknown
  • 1992-03-09 CZ CS923870A patent/CZ387092A3/cs unknown
  • 1992-03-09 EP EP92910955A patent/EP0582643A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1992-03-09 AU AU17796/92A patent/AU658887B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-03-09 JP JP4509938A patent/JPH06500793A/ja active Pending
  • 1992-03-09 WO PCT/US1992/001603 patent/WO1992017446A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-03-13 TW TW081101914A patent/TW207998B/zh active
  • 1992-03-22 IL IL101325A patent/IL101325A0/xx unknown
  • 1992-03-26 PT PT100301A patent/PT100301A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-03-26 YU YU30392A patent/YU30392A/sh unknown
  • 1992-03-27 IE IE097992A patent/IE920979A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-03-27 MX MX9201414A patent/MX9201414A/es unknown
  • 1992-03-27 ZA ZA922238A patent/ZA922238B/xx unknown
  • 1992-03-27 NZ NZ24215292A patent/NZ242152A/en unknown
  • 1992-03-27 CN CN92102224A patent/CN1065269A/zh active Pending
• 1993
  • 1993-09-27 FI FI934222A patent/FI934222A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation

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