WO1992003482A2 - Oligomere carbonsäuren als stabilisatoren für die emulsionspolymerisation - Google Patents
Oligomere carbonsäuren als stabilisatoren für die emulsionspolymerisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992003482A2 WO1992003482A2 PCT/EP1991/001544 EP9101544W WO9203482A2 WO 1992003482 A2 WO1992003482 A2 WO 1992003482A2 EP 9101544 W EP9101544 W EP 9101544W WO 9203482 A2 WO9203482 A2 WO 9203482A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stabilizers
- carboxylic acids
- acid
- embodiment according
- emulsion
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/106—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/26—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents anionic
Definitions
- Oligomeric carboxylic acids as stabilizers for emulsion polymerization
- the invention relates to the use of oligomerized carboxylic acids as stabilizers for the emulsion (co) polymerization of radically polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated monomers, a process for the preparation of stable polymer dispersions and the use thereof.
- emulsion polymerization is particularly suitable for simple process control.
- the choice of the emulsifier is a very important factor for the process control and the properties of the latex.
- the emulsifier should form a stable emulsion between the monomer and water phases on the one hand and later a stable latex on the other. Since the emulsifier remains in the finished product, it should not give it any negative properties. For example, it is often undesirable if the emulsifiers used float when the latex dries and lead to graying and / or inadequate water resistance of the film formed.
- emulsifiers or surfactants in emulsion polymerization generally gives finely divided dispersions with particle sizes of 0.1 ⁇ m to 0.3 ⁇ m and, when protective colloids are used, coarse-particle dispersions with particle size ⁇ greater than 1 ⁇ m can be produced. It is generally assumed that the fine or coarse particle size is the result of different reaction mechanisms.
- the polymerization in the presence of emulsifiers and / or surfactants takes place in micelles and leads to particles that are smaller than the originally dispersed monomer droplets, while in the presence of protective colloids. i ⁇ en the reaction takes place in the monomer drops and therefore their size is responsible for the size of the polymer particles.
- dispersions with bimodal particles or at least those with a very broad particle size distribution are generally formed.
- the mean particle diameter is approximately in the range from 0.2 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- polyelectrolytes are water-soluble polymers with repeating units of pendant carboxylic acid residues, which have reacted with monofunctional alcohols or primary amines, which in turn have a sulfonate function as an additional functional group.
- the skeleton is a carbon chain, such as is produced, for example, by polymerizing (meth) acrylates.
- oligomerized unsaturated fatty acids in particular di- and tri erized oleic acid
- emulsifiers for the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
- the examples also describe the emulsion polymerization or copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and styrene.
- the oligomerizates of saturated carboxylic acids are also suitable.
- the unsaturated, non-cyclic aliphatic carboxylic acids used for the oligomerization have at least 10 carbon atoms.
- the emulsifiers should also be able to be prepared from saturated carboxylic acids, i.a. to provide a wider raw material base.
- additional carboxy groups can be introduced into the stabilizers without at the same time significantly increasing the C number.
- R is a branched or unbranched carbon chain - which can also contain carboxyalkyl and / or alkenyl groups - with 4 to 60 C atoms,
- G is a carboxy group (-C00H) or a corresponding salt
- n 1 and 6
- X is hydrogen if R is saturated or a -CR ⁇ R ⁇ COOH group or the corresponding salt if R is an unsaturated group
- Y -CR1R2C00H or the corresponding salt it being possible for the bond between Y and R to be on any C atom if the carboxylic acids or anhydrides used for the oligomerization are saturated or on one of the double-bonded C atoms if the one for oligomerization carbonic acids or anhydrides used are unsaturated,
- p is a number from 0 to 5
- Rl, R2 independently of one another are hydrogen, a straight-chain or a branched C - to C3 ⁇ alkyl group. as stabilizers for the emulsion polymerization of free-radically polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated monomers.
- the 01 igomers which can be used according to the invention are formally assigned to the group of polymeric surfactants and have particularly good emulsifying properties.
- the polymer surfactants which can be used according to the invention are referred to as stabilizers. These show such good emulsifying effects that it is possible to dispense entirely with surfactants and / or emulsifiers in the emulsion polymerization.
- the compounds of the formula (I) can be prepared in high yield by oligomerizing saturated or olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids or carboxylic anhydrides with relatively short reaction times by the following process.
- R (G) m is a saturated or olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a carboxylic anhydride
- alkenyl group is understood to mean an olefinically unsaturated alkyl group which can contain one or more double bonds which can either be conjugated or non-conjugated.
- G is a carboxy group (-C00H) or a corresponding alkali or alkaline earth salt.
- R! R2CHC0 20 is a carboxylic anhydride in which R 1 and R 2, independently of one another, can be hydrogen or a branched or straight-chain C 1 -C 3 -alkyl group.
- the manganese compound contains MnO2, n2Ü3 and / or Mn (III) carboxylic acid salts.
- the saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids of the R (G) m type suitable for oligomerization have 5 to 22, in particular 8 to 18, carbon atoms.
- Straight-chain fatty acids are particularly suitable and preferred.
- saturated fatty acids are caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
- Unsaturated fatty acids are, for example, palmitolic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, undecylenic acid, elaidic acid and arachidonic acid.
- fatty acid mixtures which have been produced by the saponification of vegetable oils, such as coconut oil with the main constituents lauric acid, myristic acid, capric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid as well as cottonseed oil with the main components linolenic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid as well as peanut oil with the main components oleic acid, linoleic acid Lentic acid and palmitic acid as well as palm oil with the main components palmitic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid and stearic acid and rapeseed oil with the main components oleic acid, linoleic acid and erucic acid as well as soybean oil with the main components oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid and palmitic acid as well as sol
- Saturated and unsaturated unsubstituted polycarbonic acids and their salts can also be used, in particular those having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, such as adipic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid and also so-called di-fatty acid (C35) (for example Empol ⁇ from Emery Industries) and Trimer fatty acid (C54).
- C35 di-fatty acid
- C54 Trimer fatty acid
- the branched carboxylic acids can also be used as compounds of the R (G) m type. Mixtures of different carboxylic acids are also possible. If m (m) assumes values> 1 for the compound R, the G groups can be the same or different.
- the anhydride component (R 1 R 2 CHCO) 2 ⁇ can also be present in a mixture with the corresponding free acid, in a weight ratio of 50: 1 to 1: 1. Weight ratios of 10: 1 to 1: 1, in particular of 3, are preferred : 1.
- the preferred anhydride is acetic anhydride, ie Rl and R 2 are hydrogen in this case.
- R * and R 2 are branched chains are less suitable owing to their steric hindrance and lead to lower yields. If R (G) m is a carboxylic anhydride, it is preferred to use the free acid R ⁇ CHCOOOH instead of or in a mixture with the corresponding anhydride.
- the manganese compound is a Mn (III) carboxylic acid salt
- this is a salt of the anhydride (R 1 R 2 CHCO) 2 ⁇ used or the corresponding free acid.
- the following amounts are preferably used as the reaction mixture (R 1 R 2 CHCO) 2 ⁇ 1 to 120 mol, in particular 5 to 20 mol
- the yield can be increased if up to 2 mol, ⁇ nsbe_onuere 0.1 dis i mol alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carboxylic acid salts are contained.
- the information given relates in each case to 1 mol of R (G) m used .
- the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 50 to 200 ° C., preferably at 100 to 150 ° C., and a pressure in the range from normal pressure to 5 bar.
- the reaction is preferably carried out at atmospheric pressure under reflux.
- Unsaturated carboxylic acids generally react faster than the corresponding saturated carboxylic acids.
- the manganese oxides and the alkali metal salts are filtered off and the product is isolated.
- the reaction is preferably carried out without a solvent.
- the oligocarboxylic acids can then be neutralized with bases, e.g. with ammonia solution.
- the acid protons and / or the carboxylate cations can be replaced by any other cations.
- n in the general formula (I) assumes the values 2 to 5.
- the numerical value for n is approximately 3 on average.
- the acid number of the oligomeris is between 100 and 300, preferably between 150 and 250.
- Oligofatty acids which contain at least predominantly straight-chain fatty acid units are preferably used as stabilizers.
- the monomers used for emulsion (co) polymerization can be polymerized by free radicals and are olefinically unsaturated. They can be mono- or poly-olefinically unsaturated. In the case of the polyunsaturated monomers, those with isolated and / or conjugated double bonds are preferred. Furthermore, it is preferred that the monomers are ⁇ -unsaturated.
- the stabilizers according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of aqueous dispersions of so-called pure acrylates and also of so-called pure methacrylates. If both acrylates and methacrylates can be meant, the notation (meth) acrylate, which is also used here, has prevailed.
- the (meth) acrylate monomers used for the emulsion polymerization may well be the free acids, their salts and / or esters. In the case of the esters, preference is given in particular to those in which the alcohol Component 1 to 4 - preferably linearly arranged - contains C atoms. Of the salts, the water-soluble ones are preferred.
- the (meth) acrylate monomers can also be copolymerized with other olefinically unsaturated monomers.
- Suitable co onomers are, for example, the vinyl esters, in particular vinyl acetate, and maleinates and fu erates.
- styrene is used as a comonomer
- emulsion copolymers are obtained which have particularly good performance properties.
- Radically polymerizable olefinically unsaturated monomers which are particularly suitable in the sense of the invention, can thus be formed from the group consisting of (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, maleate -, fumarate, styrene and vinyl ester monomers.
- Monomers from the group formed by vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, fumarate and butyl acrylate monomers are also particularly suitable.
- the homopolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, but also their copolymers with fu erates, maleinates and / or butyl acrylate monomers, are of particular technical importance.
- the monomers of the group formed from butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene and styrene monomers are also particularly suitable.
- the doubly olefinically unsaturated monomers with conjugated double bonds especially when these are copolymerized with styrene or its derivatives, such as halogen, nitro, amino or cyanostyrenes.
- the stabilizers should be present in an amount which is sufficient to bring about the desired emulsifying effects.
- the proportion of stabilizers should not be too high, both for economic reasons and for influencing the application properties of the emulsion polymerization to be prepared. It therefore contains a stabilizer from 0.5 to 10 wt. based on the initial amount of Mo ⁇ o eren preferably used. Very good results are achieved if 3 to 7 wt. Stabilizers are preferably used.
- Suitable catalysts are typically free radical initiators or redox catalysts.
- Useful free radical catalysts are e.g. Common peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, butyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, perbenzoic acid and persulfates, perphosphates and peroxycarbonates.
- Suitable redox catalyst systems are, for example, sodium persulfate / sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, cumene hydroperoxide / sodium metabisulfite, hydrogen peroxide / ascorbic acid and sulfur dioxide / ammonium persulfate.
- Azo compounds such as 4,4-azo-bis- (cyano-pentanoic acid) are also suitable.
- the catalysts are used in conventional catalytically active concentrations, in particular in amounts of 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, based on the batch.
- further components customary for emulsion polymerization are used. These are e.g. Catalysts, buffers and / or any other constituents which can be used in the emulsion polymerization reaction mixture in addition to the stabilizers of the invention and which are known from the prior art for emulsion polymerization processes. These components are preferably up to 5% by weight.
- the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of stable polymer emulsions, in particular hydrosols.
- These polymer dispersions or hydrosols are prepared by emulsion (co) polymerization of free-radically polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated monomers, which polymerize to disperse polymer particles.
- Processes for emulsion polymerization are known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in Ull ann, Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, 4th Edition, Volume 19, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim / Bergstrasse 1974, Pages 132 ff. And in Encyclopaia of Polymerscience and Engineering, Volume 6, Wiley & Sons, New York 1986, pages 1-51, described in detail.
- the process according to the invention is characterized by the use of the oligomerized carboxylic acids described above as stabilizers.
- the emulsion polymerization is carried out in a manner known per se. At least some, but preferably all, of surfactants and / or emulsifiers can be dispensed with.
- the stabilizers which can be used according to the invention can be prepared immediately before the process according to the invention is carried out by suitable polymerization processes known to the person skilled in the art. This is preferably carried out in the same reaction container as the subsequent method according to the invention.
- the invention further relates to polymer dispersions produced by the above process according to the invention.
- These stable polymer dispersions are particularly notable for good water resistance of the films which can be produced therefrom if the ammonium salts of the oligomerized carboxylic acids are used as stabilizers.
- the dispersions preferably contain 20 to 65% by weight of dispersed or emulsified homo- or copolymer based on the monomers mentioned.
- 0.5 to 10% by weight, in particular 3 to 7% by weight, of stabilizers, based on the polymer content, are preferably present.
- Catalysts are generally present in customary amounts in which they develop their catalytic activity, in particular 0.01 to 0.5% by weight.
- additives which are known to the person skilled in the art for emulsion polymerization can also be present in conventional amounts, in particular up to 5% by weight.
- the stabilizers consist of oligomerized carboxylic acids, especially fatty acids.
- the polymer preferably contain Dispersion-dispersed polymer particles with an average particle diameter of less than 100, preferably about 50 nm and less, that is to say so-called hydrosols.
- the dispersions obtained are free of coagulum and can be extremely shear stable.
- Such polymer dispersions or emulsion polymers find a wide range of uses. Among other things, you can be used in adhesives or also in finishing agents for textiles and in the field of paper production and finishing. In addition to the advantages already mentioned, the dispersions also have good compatibility with dye pigments and are therefore preferably used as binders for printing inks. The person skilled in the art can determine the quality of the compatibility of the particular dispersion with the respective dye pigments by simple manual tests, so that it is not difficult and does not require a great deal of time or effort to determine the optimum combination of dispersion and pigment.
- This rinsing liquid was combined with the contents of the reactor and filtered hot over a glass frit. The filtrate was cooled to room temperature and filtered again. The solution thus obtained was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was transferred to a 5-1 flask equipped with a stirrer and a reflux condenser. After the addition of 850 ml of water and 950 ml of 50% K0H and thorough mixing, the mixture was heated to a temperature of 100 ° C. to 115 ° C. for 15 hours and then adjusted to about pH 1 with about 900 ml of 50% strength aqueous sulfuric acid. The aqueous phase was then drawn off and replaced by about 1.5 l of hot water. The
- oligomerized oleic acid were added to 200.0 g of H2O and neutralized to pH 7.5 with 42.6 g of 50% NaOH. 119 g of this solution were placed in a polymerization flask together with 331 g of water. For this purpose, 20 ml of a 2% KPS solution and a mixture of 4.5 g of butyl acrylate (BA), 18.5 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 22 g of ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) were added and the mixture was emulsified by stirring. The mixture was heated to 80 ° C.
- BA butyl acrylate
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- EHA ethylhexyl acrylate
- the finished polymer dispersion contained ⁇ 0.1% coagulum.
- the wall and agitator coating was ⁇ 0.5%.
- the dispersion was drawn out into a film on a slide.
- the film was clear and pointed after drying for 24 hours a faint orange structure. When stored in a water container, the film turned white.
- oligomerized oleic acid were added to 100 g of H2O and adjusted to pH 7.7 with 24.7 g of NH4OH (25%). 132 g of this solution were placed in a polymerization apparatus together with 318 g of H2O.
- 20 ml of a 2% strength potassium persulfate solution and a mixture of 18 g of ethyl acrylate (EA), 13.5 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 9 g of butyl acrylate (BA) and 4.5 g of ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) were added.
- EA ethyl acrylate
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- BA butyl acrylate
- EHA ethylhexyl acrylate
- Coagulum content ⁇ 0.1% wall and stirrer coating ⁇ 0.5% dry residue 49.3% Shear test of the dispersion: 80 g over 30 minutes in the Klaxon apparatus at 14,000 rpm. The dispersion formed minor amounts of coagulum.
- the dispersion was drawn out into a film on a slide.
- the film was stored at 50 ° C overnight to accelerate drying.
- the film subsequently showed itself to be water-resistant when wetted with water drops and was only slightly white when stored in a water container.
- This rinsing liquid was combined with the contents of the reactor and filtered hot over a glass frit. The filtrate was at room temperature Cooled and filtered again. The solution thus obtained was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was placed in a 5-1 flask equipped with a stirrer and a reflux condenser. After the addition of 800 ml of water and 900 ml of 50% KOH and thorough mixing, the mixture was heated to a temperature of 100 ° C. to 115 ° C. for 15 hours and then to about 900 ml of 50% aqueous sulfuric acid pH 1 adjusted. The aqueous phase was then drawn off and replaced by about 1.5 l of hot water.
- oligomerized lauric acid 146.8 g were dissolved in 200 g H2O and adjusted to pH 7.4 with 34.7 g NaOH (50%). 128 g of this solution were placed in a polymerization apparatus together with 322 g HO.
- 20 ml of a 2nd potassium persulfate solution and a mixture of 18 g of ethyl acrylate (EA), 18.5 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 4.5 g of butyl acrylate (BA) and 22 g of ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) given. The mixture was brought to 80 ° C. with stirring.
- This rinsing liquid was combined with the reactor contents and filtered hot over a glass frit. The filtrate was cooled to room temperature and filtered again. The solution thus obtained was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was placed in a 5-1 flask equipped with a stirrer and a reflux condenser. After the addition of 800 ml of water and 900 ml of 50% KOH and thorough mixing, the mixture was heated to a temperature of 100 ° C. to 115 ° C. for 15 hours and then to about 800 ml of 50% aqueous sulfuric acid pH 1 adjusted. The aqueous phase was then drawn off and replaced by about 1.5 l of hot water. The contents of the flask were stirred again for about 10 minutes and the aqueous phase removed again. This washing process was repeated a second time. After distilling off the water in vacuo, 938 g of the product were obtained. The conversion to oligomerized material was 82 H.
- Coagulate content ⁇ 0.1 _ wall and stirrer coating ⁇ 0.5% Dry residue 48.1% Average particle size approx. 50 nm
- Shear test of the dispersion 80 g of dispersion sheared for 30 minutes in the Klaxon apparatus at 14,000 rpm. The dispersion formed small amounts of coagulum.
- the dispersion was drawn out into a film on a slide.
- the film was stored at 50 ° C overnight to accelerate drying.
- the film subsequently showed itself to be water-resistant when wetted with water drops and was only slightly white when stored in a water container.
- 55.75 g of the dispersion adjusted to pH ⁇ 10 with NaOH were combined with 15 g of color pigments (yellow, from Ciba-Geigy) and made up to 100 g with H2O.
- the mixture was filled into a bottle together with 100 g of glass beads and mixed in a shaker (Red Devil) for 30 minutes.
- a coagulate-free dispersion paint was formed, which had absorbed approximately 80% of the dye particles.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4026640.0 | 1990-08-23 | ||
DE4026640A DE4026640A1 (de) | 1990-08-23 | 1990-08-23 | Oligomere carbonsaeuren als stabilisatoren fuer die emulsionspolymerisation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992003482A2 true WO1992003482A2 (de) | 1992-03-05 |
WO1992003482A3 WO1992003482A3 (de) | 1992-05-29 |
Family
ID=6412737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1991/001544 WO1992003482A2 (de) | 1990-08-23 | 1991-08-14 | Oligomere carbonsäuren als stabilisatoren für die emulsionspolymerisation |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0544720A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH06500808A (de) |
DE (1) | DE4026640A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1992003482A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6316568B1 (en) | 1996-03-07 | 2001-11-13 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Crosslinkable protective colloids for use in the polymerization of unsaturated monomers |
GB2372518A (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-28 | Schlumberger Holdings | Powder composition for wellbore treatment fluids |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU761916B2 (en) | 1998-07-24 | 2003-06-12 | Rohm And Haas Company | Polymer dispersions |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB758150A (en) * | 1953-07-20 | 1956-10-03 | Int Latex Corp | Improvements in or relating to polymerization |
DE2047450A1 (de) * | 1969-09-30 | 1971-04-01 | Du Pont | Verfahren zur Polymerisation von Chloropren |
DE2047449A1 (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1971-04-08 | Du Pont | High solids-content chloroprene |
DE3715421A1 (de) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung eines fetten oeles ex helianthus annuus zur herstellung von emulgiermitteln fuer die emulsionspolymerisation |
-
1990
- 1990-08-23 DE DE4026640A patent/DE4026640A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-08-14 EP EP91914505A patent/EP0544720A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-08-14 WO PCT/EP1991/001544 patent/WO1992003482A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-08-14 JP JP3513883A patent/JPH06500808A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB758150A (en) * | 1953-07-20 | 1956-10-03 | Int Latex Corp | Improvements in or relating to polymerization |
DE2047449A1 (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1971-04-08 | Du Pont | High solids-content chloroprene |
DE2047450A1 (de) * | 1969-09-30 | 1971-04-01 | Du Pont | Verfahren zur Polymerisation von Chloropren |
DE3715421A1 (de) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung eines fetten oeles ex helianthus annuus zur herstellung von emulgiermitteln fuer die emulsionspolymerisation |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6316568B1 (en) | 1996-03-07 | 2001-11-13 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Crosslinkable protective colloids for use in the polymerization of unsaturated monomers |
US6559259B2 (en) | 1996-03-07 | 2003-05-06 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Compositions containing addition polymers prepared using crosslinkable protective colloids |
GB2372518A (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-28 | Schlumberger Holdings | Powder composition for wellbore treatment fluids |
GB2372518B (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2003-04-16 | Schlumberger Holdings | Powder composition |
US7238649B2 (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2007-07-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Powder composition |
US7858562B2 (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2010-12-28 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Powder composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1992003482A3 (de) | 1992-05-29 |
DE4026640A1 (de) | 1992-02-27 |
EP0544720A1 (de) | 1993-06-09 |
JPH06500808A (ja) | 1994-01-27 |
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