WO1991006855A2 - Biocapteur a usage unique pour detecter des liaisons antigene/anticorps dans du sang entier, s'utilisant comme test de confirmation anti-hiv avec resultat verbal indique sur un affichage a cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Biocapteur a usage unique pour detecter des liaisons antigene/anticorps dans du sang entier, s'utilisant comme test de confirmation anti-hiv avec resultat verbal indique sur un affichage a cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991006855A2
WO1991006855A2 PCT/DE1990/000816 DE9000816W WO9106855A2 WO 1991006855 A2 WO1991006855 A2 WO 1991006855A2 DE 9000816 W DE9000816 W DE 9000816W WO 9106855 A2 WO9106855 A2 WO 9106855A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
result
test
crystal display
liquid crystal
blood
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1990/000816
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO1991006855A3 (fr
Inventor
Falko Volkhardt Erich Tittel
Original Assignee
Falko Volkhardt Erich Tittel
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Falko Volkhardt Erich Tittel filed Critical Falko Volkhardt Erich Tittel
Publication of WO1991006855A2 publication Critical patent/WO1991006855A2/fr
Publication of WO1991006855A3 publication Critical patent/WO1991006855A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
    • G01N33/56983—Viruses
    • G01N33/56988—HIV or HTLV
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14546—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150015—Source of blood
    • A61B5/150022—Source of blood for capillary blood or interstitial fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150412—Pointed piercing elements, e.g. needles, lancets for piercing the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15101—Details
    • A61B5/15103—Piercing procedure
    • A61B5/15107—Piercing being assisted by a triggering mechanism
    • A61B5/15109—Fully automatically triggered, i.e. the triggering does not require a deliberate action by the user, e.g. by contact with the patient's skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15101—Details
    • A61B5/15115—Driving means for propelling the piercing element to pierce the skin, e.g. comprising mechanisms based on shape memory alloys, magnetism, solenoids, piezoelectric effect, biased elements, resilient elements, vacuum or compressed fluids
    • A61B5/15117—Driving means for propelling the piercing element to pierce the skin, e.g. comprising mechanisms based on shape memory alloys, magnetism, solenoids, piezoelectric effect, biased elements, resilient elements, vacuum or compressed fluids comprising biased elements, resilient elements or a spring, e.g. a helical spring, leaf spring, or elastic strap
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15142—Devices intended for single use, i.e. disposable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/157—Devices characterised by integrated means for measuring characteristics of blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
    • G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
    • G01N21/553—Attenuated total reflection and using surface plasmons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
    • G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02—Operational features
    • A61B2560/0266—Operational features for monitoring or limiting apparatus function
    • A61B2560/028—Arrangements to prevent overuse, e.g. by counting the number of uses
    • A61B2560/0285—Apparatus for single use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/12—Manufacturing methods specially adapted for producing sensors for in-vivo measurements

Definitions

  • Disposable biosensor for the detection of antigen / antibody bindings in whole blood for use as an anti-HIV confirmation test with a verbal result on a liquid crystal display.
  • This biosensor can also be called an immunoassay and belongs to the field of medical technology.
  • the partial antigens are openly accessible, even if immobilized in some form.
  • Reaction space which is closed by a PZT ceramic plate (PZ) that generates ultrasound.
  • the silicon wafer is 1 ⁇ m thick
  • LB light guide tracks made of GaAs are attached using the methods of epitaxy and photolithography. They have a diameter of only 2 ⁇ m and guide the parallel polarized light (single mode polarization fibers) in strands of 5 each.
  • Infrared light (1150 nm) is led from an LED diode (LD) via a prism arrangement (B) into the light guide (LB).
  • a polaroid filter (C) on the surface of the prism that linearly polarizes the light.
  • Polarized light is guided in the gallium arsenide conductor tracks (LB) to the individual reflex arrangements (F). There the light falls on the aluminum mirror (Y) at a certain angle for total reflection in the silicon crystal, where it
  • the reaction chamber (R) has 3 supply lines, 2 from the blood sampler and one on the opposite side of the reaction chamber from the disinfection device (Fig.7).
  • This channel also has an air hole in the disinfection device, so that air in the
  • Teflon capillary (T) Reaction space through which the Teflon capillary (T) can be removed and therefore no air bubbles can form. Blood, on the other hand, is repelled by the Teflon (not hydrophilic).
  • the reflex arrangement Si chip with diode and prism
  • the reflex arrangement is designed in such a way that when the entire Si chip is bent by a force in the middle, the angle of reflection decreases, but when it is pulled it increases.
  • the gap (F) ensures that the reflection condition is maintained in the event of deformation.
  • Total reflection i.e. minimum intensity at the reference diode, is retained, which is achieved by heating with a resistor that is exactly the same
  • the entire Si chip is not initially at rest, as shown in the drawing. but arched upwards by 1 mm.
  • the bimetal is heated, the chip goes through the rest position shown in the figure and is now bent downwards. With in-situ adjustment, this process continues until a minimum of light intensity is found on the reference diode. Then the current to the heating resistor is interrupted. Only when the intensity increases to a certain threshold value, the current is switched on again until the relative minimum is reached again.
  • the ultrasonic vibration has a frequency of 65 kHz and is generated by an IC from a digital clock and connected to the PZT plate (PZ) via an amplifier.
  • Adjustment and measurement takes a total of approx. 3 seconds, then only the LCD display (L) and the thermobimetal 1 (E) on the disinfection mechanism are switched on.
  • the liquid crystal display (L) shows the last result constantly above Hours on.
  • the strength of the ultrasound is thus set up so that its energy is not sufficient to detach the specific bonds but to detach the non-specific ones.
  • Ultrasound has two tasks here, firstly the acceleration of the reaction for specific bonds and secondly the prevention of non-specific bonds (adsorption).
  • the simple logic circuit now decides which additional LCD display appears on the mini biosensor.
  • the seven-digit display of zeros or ones corresponds to the seven measuring points, a "1" means a positive single test, etc.
  • the electronics consist of the usual individual elements already mentioned, which are connected to one another with the aid of a control circuit. The whole is powered by a 3 volt battery (50mAh) (BA).
  • BA 3 volt battery
  • the biosensor only needs one drop (50 ⁇ l)

Abstract

Un test de confirmation sur une puce de silicium se fonde sur le procédé ELISA et WB. Le résultat, lequel était traditionnellement obtenu par des moyens chimiques, s'obtient dans ce cas par des moyens physiques mettant en ÷uvre des ultrasons (PZ) (accélération d'environ 500 fois) et l'effet de résonance superficiel du plasmon. Les 9 points de mesure (M) sont analysés au moyen de fibres optiques (LB) et de photodiodes (A). Le résultat final s'affiche via un circuit logique sur un affichage à cristaux liquides (L). Dans un cas non ambigu, le résultat s'affiche verbalement (par exemple, ''anti-HIV négatif''), sinon uniquement sous forme de code qui peut être vérifié dans un livret de diagnostic d'accompagnement. Le dispositif assemblé est inférieur à la moitié de la taille d'une boîte d'allumettes. Il possède également un dispositif de perçage simple qui, lorsqu'il est utilisé comme boucle d'oreille à fermoir pour percer le lobe de l'oreille, affiche le résultat automatiquement après 3 minutes. Pour empêcher une éventuelle infection, les antigènes partiels (M) immobilisés dans la puce sont détruits avec un désinfectant liquide (après 10 minutes).
PCT/DE1990/000816 1989-11-02 1990-10-26 Biocapteur a usage unique pour detecter des liaisons antigene/anticorps dans du sang entier, s'utilisant comme test de confirmation anti-hiv avec resultat verbal indique sur un affichage a cristaux liquides WO1991006855A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3936442 1989-11-02
DEP3936442.9 1989-11-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991006855A2 true WO1991006855A2 (fr) 1991-05-16
WO1991006855A3 WO1991006855A3 (fr) 1991-06-27

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PCT/DE1990/000816 WO1991006855A2 (fr) 1989-11-02 1990-10-26 Biocapteur a usage unique pour detecter des liaisons antigene/anticorps dans du sang entier, s'utilisant comme test de confirmation anti-hiv avec resultat verbal indique sur un affichage a cristaux liquides

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0452439A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04502671A (fr)
DE (1) DE4033741C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991006855A2 (fr)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4315211A1 (de) * 1993-05-07 1994-02-03 Gunnar Brink Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Nachweis der Adsorption von Molekülen mittels Nahinfrarot-Oberflächenplasmonenresonanz
US5777092A (en) * 1990-07-27 1998-07-07 Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Heteroatomic oligonucleoside linkages
WO2000010011A1 (fr) * 1998-08-10 2000-02-24 Biotul Ag Dispositif et procede pour melanger a proximite de l'interface des echantillons dans des systemes biocapteurs
WO2001069248A2 (fr) * 2000-03-15 2001-09-20 Gil Zilber Sonde diagnostique d'immunoessai et son procede d'utilisation
EP1199751A2 (fr) * 1998-06-30 2002-04-24 Micronas GmbH Agencement de puce électronique
WO2005090973A1 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-29 Industrial Research Limited Biocapteurs servant a detecter une rupture de liaison
EP1659404A1 (fr) * 2004-11-17 2006-05-24 Valtronic S.A. Dispositif de diagnostic autonome miniaturise
EP2030636A3 (fr) * 2007-08-17 2009-08-26 Searete LLC Dispositif auto-stérilisant
US7931149B2 (en) 2009-05-27 2011-04-26 Given Imaging Ltd. System for storing and activating an in vivo imaging capsule
US7993284B2 (en) 2001-07-20 2011-08-09 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System for withdrawing small amounts of body fluid
WO2011113584A1 (fr) * 2010-03-16 2011-09-22 Gilupi Gmbh Biodétecteur
US8029740B2 (en) 2008-07-11 2011-10-04 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Event-triggered self-sterilization of article surfaces
US8114346B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2012-02-14 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Event-triggered ultraviolet light sterilization of surfaces
US8162924B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2012-04-24 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc System, devices, and methods including actively-controllable superoxide water generating systems
US8216173B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2012-07-10 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including infection-fighting and monitoring shunts
US8460229B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2013-06-11 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including catheters having components that are actively controllable between transmissive and reflective states
US8585627B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2013-11-19 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including catheters configured to monitor biofilm formation having biofilm spectral information configured as a data structure
US8647292B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2014-02-11 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including catheters having components that are actively controllable between two or more wettability states
US8690798B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2014-04-08 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US8702640B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2014-04-22 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc System, devices, and methods including catheters configured to monitor and inhibit biofilm formation
US8706211B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2014-04-22 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including catheters having self-cleaning surfaces
US8734718B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2014-05-27 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including catheters having an actively controllable therapeutic agent delivery component
US8740813B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2014-06-03 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US8753304B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2014-06-17 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including catheters having acoustically actuatable waveguide components for delivering a sterilizing stimulus to a region proximate a surface of the catheter
US9005263B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2015-04-14 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc System, devices, and methods including actively-controllable sterilizing excitation delivery implants
US9034250B2 (en) 2005-03-02 2015-05-19 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Dynamic integrated lancing test strip with sterility cover
US9101678B2 (en) 2011-11-03 2015-08-11 Elwha Llc Heat-sanitization of surfaces
US9474831B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2016-10-25 Gearbox, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including implantable devices with anti-microbial properties

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DE19836109A1 (de) * 1998-08-10 2000-03-02 Biotul Bio Instr Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur grenzflächennahen Mischung von Proben in Biosensorsystemen
EP2274593A4 (fr) * 2008-04-23 2014-07-23 Société De Commercialisation Des Produits De La Rech Appliquée Socpra Sciences Et Génie S E C Dispositif et procédé intégré de détection d'onde acoustique de surface à cisaillement vertical et de détection de résonance de plasmons de surface
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Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5777092A (en) * 1990-07-27 1998-07-07 Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Heteroatomic oligonucleoside linkages
DE4315211A1 (de) * 1993-05-07 1994-02-03 Gunnar Brink Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Nachweis der Adsorption von Molekülen mittels Nahinfrarot-Oberflächenplasmonenresonanz
US8740813B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2014-06-03 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US8690798B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2014-04-08 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
EP1199751A2 (fr) * 1998-06-30 2002-04-24 Micronas GmbH Agencement de puce électronique
EP1199751A3 (fr) * 1998-06-30 2005-12-07 Micronas GmbH Agencement de puce électronique
WO2000010011A1 (fr) * 1998-08-10 2000-02-24 Biotul Ag Dispositif et procede pour melanger a proximite de l'interface des echantillons dans des systemes biocapteurs
WO2001069248A2 (fr) * 2000-03-15 2001-09-20 Gil Zilber Sonde diagnostique d'immunoessai et son procede d'utilisation
WO2001069248A3 (fr) * 2000-03-15 2002-01-03 Gil Zilber Sonde diagnostique d'immunoessai et son procede d'utilisation
US8388552B2 (en) 2001-07-20 2013-03-05 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System for withdrawing small amounts of body fluid
US7993284B2 (en) 2001-07-20 2011-08-09 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System for withdrawing small amounts of body fluid
WO2005090973A1 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-29 Industrial Research Limited Biocapteurs servant a detecter une rupture de liaison
WO2006053865A1 (fr) * 2004-11-17 2006-05-26 Georges Rochat Dispositif de diagnostic autonome miniaturise
EP1659404A1 (fr) * 2004-11-17 2006-05-24 Valtronic S.A. Dispositif de diagnostic autonome miniaturise
US9034250B2 (en) 2005-03-02 2015-05-19 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Dynamic integrated lancing test strip with sterility cover
US8343086B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2013-01-01 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including infection-fighting and monitoring shunts
US9005263B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2015-04-14 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc System, devices, and methods including actively-controllable sterilizing excitation delivery implants
US8216173B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2012-07-10 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including infection-fighting and monitoring shunts
US8282593B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2012-10-09 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including infection-fighting and monitoring shunts
US9687670B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2017-06-27 Gearbox, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including infection-fighting and monitoring shunts
US8114346B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2012-02-14 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Event-triggered ultraviolet light sterilization of surfaces
US8366652B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2013-02-05 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including infection-fighting and monitoring shunts
EP2030636A3 (fr) * 2007-08-17 2009-08-26 Searete LLC Dispositif auto-stérilisant
US8414517B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2013-04-09 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including infection-fighting and monitoring shunts
US8460229B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2013-06-11 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Systems, devices, and methods including catheters having components that are actively controllable between transmissive and reflective states
US8162924B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2012-04-24 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc System, devices, and methods including actively-controllable superoxide water generating systems
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Also Published As

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JPH04502671A (ja) 1992-05-14
DE4033741C2 (de) 1994-03-31
WO1991006855A3 (fr) 1991-06-27
DE4033741A1 (de) 1991-05-08
EP0452439A1 (fr) 1991-10-23

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