WO1991006193A1 - Unite a chaleur radiante - Google Patents

Unite a chaleur radiante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991006193A1
WO1991006193A1 PCT/EP1990/001772 EP9001772W WO9106193A1 WO 1991006193 A1 WO1991006193 A1 WO 1991006193A1 EP 9001772 W EP9001772 W EP 9001772W WO 9106193 A1 WO9106193 A1 WO 9106193A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
radiant
unit according
heating unit
element carrier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1990/001772
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter Kratel
Günter Stohr
Johannes Reisacher
Original Assignee
Wacker-Chemie Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wacker-Chemie Gmbh filed Critical Wacker-Chemie Gmbh
Priority to KR1019910700571A priority Critical patent/KR920702180A/ko
Publication of WO1991006193A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991006193A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiant heating unit containing a heating element, a heating element carrier and a thermal insulation arranged under the heating element carrier.
  • Such radiant heating units are known from DE-A-2165569, DE-A-2551137 or the corresponding US-A-4161648, DE-E - 2339768 or the corresponding GB-A-1433478, DE-C-2760339 and EP- A-204185 or the corresponding US-A-4713527.
  • DE-A-2165569 describes partial or full-area supports for the heating elements and a thermal insulation, optionally arranged under the support, consisting of mineral and / or glass wool arranged in layers in order to enable the support to be resiliently supported.
  • DE-A-2551137, DE-E - 2339768, DE-C-2730339 and EP-A-204185 each describe full-area supports for the heating elements, the heating element optionally being placed in or on recesses or protrusions provided for this purpose by means of laying on , Brackets or adhesive can be attached, and a thermal insulation arranged under the carrier made of microporous thermal insulation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a radiant heating unit which is easy to handle during assembly and which enables high efficiencies.
  • the invention relates to a radiant heating unit containing a heating element, a heating element carrier and a thermal insulation arranged under the heating element carrier, which is characterized in that the heating element carrier is not formed over the entire surface with respect to the surface of the thermal insulation arranged underneath and the thermal insulation consists of a microporous thermal insulation material.
  • the total energy consumption is reduced by up to 10% in relation to a radiant heater in which the heating element is coated on a full-area heating element carrier.
  • the assembly of the radiant heating unit according to the invention is made considerably easier since the heating element can be introduced into the heating element carrier outside the radiant heating unit and the final assembly for the complete radiant heating unit can then take place. This is particularly advantageous because of the low mechanical stability of the thermal insulation made from microporous thermal insulation material.
  • the heating element carrier is not formed over the entire surface with respect to the surface of the thermal insulation arranged underneath. It preferably covers 5 to 70%, in particular 10 to 20%, of the area of the thermal insulation arranged below it.
  • a mechanically strong material is required for the heating element carrier. te temperature resistance, low temperature-related expansion and shrinkage and / or a high electrical resistance. In addition, no alkalis should be present in order to avoid damage to the heating elements.
  • the shape of the heating element carrier can be varied, special requirements with regard to the shaping of the carrier material must also be addressed, which is why ceramic materials are mostly used.
  • Preferred carrier materials are clays, such as china clay or kaolin, bentonite, quartz, feldspar, cornish stone and schott of earthenware, porcelain, fire clay, sillimanite and magnesite.
  • clays such as china clay or kaolin, bentonite, quartz, feldspar, cornish stone and schott of earthenware, porcelain, fire clay, sillimanite and magnesite.
  • Forsterite, plagioclase, nepeline and cordierite may be included.
  • Aluminum oxide and rutile are also used.
  • Kaolins ball clays, latex potatoes, pegnatites, flint, quartz sand, crystalline quartz, chalk, talc and press oils are preferably used.
  • aluminum oxide is used.
  • the shaping of the heating element supports is carried out by shaping methods customary in ceramics, such as slip casting, here hollow casting for complicated and thin-walled pieces, such as full casting for thick-walled pieces and casting under pressure.
  • Other methods include hand coating with masses of coarse-grained chamotte; as well as pressing, extrusion, pressing of fine-grained masses in plastic state and hydrostatic pressing.
  • the moldings produced in this way are fired at temperatures in the range from 400 to 1700 ° C.
  • Preferred shapes for the heating element supports are ray or star shapes, the individual rays being formed in the form of strips. Further shapes are nested circles, connected by webs, as well as rectangular or oval figures and / or any combination of the mentioned geometric figures.
  • the strips can have a square, rectangular, triangular, round, oval or a combined cross-section.
  • hook-shaped, round, oval, cylindrical or pyramid-shaped, preferably hook-shaped or sawtooth-like projections sit on or on which the heating elements are fastened on the top of the heating element carriers.
  • the hook-shaped projections can have the shape of an inverted "L", they can remain in their basic shape or be slightly bent from one another. If the projections are deformed, they usually move alternately to one side or the other, i.e. they either point inwards or outwards.
  • the projections can lie opposite one another or can also be arranged diagonally.
  • the decisive factor here is that the heating element can, depending on the shape, be firmly embedded in the anchor.
  • the heating element carrier has depressions which partially reproduce the shape of the heating element.
  • the distances between the projections or the diameters of the depressions should be at least the same, better somewhat smaller than the diameters of the heating element.
  • the heating elements can also be fixed by means of adhesives known per se, as described, for example, in EP-A-130 629, to which express reference is made in this connection.
  • Preferred adhesives are water glasses, silica sols and ceramic adhesives.
  • the heating elements are largely exposed i.e. the contact with the projections or depressions is low, they radiate on all sides, which significantly increases the efficiency compared to radiant heaters with full-surface heating element carriers.
  • the radiation heating units mostly have a circular shape, but any shape of heated surface can be represented by means of the heating element supports used according to the invention.
  • the heating elements themselves usually have a meandering, spiral or straight design and are mostly operated by means of electric current.
  • the heating element is usually inserted into the heating element carrier by slight pressure or by twisting during assembly and is thus fixed but not rigidly clamped. This does not hinder a temperature-dependent expansion of the heating resistor.
  • the radiant heating units can be operated with electronic and also conventional temperature monitoring by control rods.
  • the thermal insulation made of a microporous thermal insulation material preferably has the following composition: 30-100% by weight of finely divided metal oxide
  • compositions contain: 30-89% by weight of finely divided metal oxide 10-50% by weight of opacifier
  • finely divided metal oxide examples include pyrogenically produced silicas, including arcing silicas, low-alkali precipitation silicas, analogously produced aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide, and mixtures thereof. Pyrogenically produced silica, aluminum oxide or a mixture thereof is preferably used.
  • the finely divided metal oxides have specific surfaces of preferably 50-700 m / g, in particular 70-400 m / g.
  • opacifiers are ilite, titanium dioxide, silicon carbide, iron-II-iron-III mixed oxide, chromium dioxide, zirconium oxide, manganese dioxide, iron oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and zirconium silicate, and mixtures thereof. Ilmenite and zirconium silicate are preferably used.
  • the Opacifiers advantageously have an absorption maximum in the infrared range between 1.5 and 10 ⁇ m.
  • fiber material examples include glass wool, rock wool, basalt wool, slag wool, ceramic fibers such as those obtained from melts of aluminum and / or silicon oxide, and asbestos fibers, and mixtures thereof. Fibers obtained from the melt of aluminum and / or silicon oxide are preferably used.
  • binders known to be used in microporous, compressed thermal insulation materials can be used as inorganic binders.
  • examples of such binders are disclosed, for example, in EP-A-29227, to which express reference is made in this connection.
  • Borides of aluminum, titanium, zirconium, calcium, silicides, such as calcium silicide and calcium aluminum silicide, in particular boron carbide, are preferably used.
  • further constituents are basic oxides, in particular magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or barium oxide.
  • the production of the thermal insulation from microporous, pressed thermal insulation material preferably comprises the following process steps:
  • the gases enclosed in the bed should be able to escape during precompression or compression. Therefore, the compression and compression is preferably carried out with the application of negative pressure. Degassing can also take place before compression or compression.
  • a pressing tool can be used which has elevations or depressions which represent the geometric shape of the heating element carrier.
  • the heating element carrier is firmly anchored in the heat insulation.
  • the heating element carrier can additionally be fixed in or on the thermal insulation by means of clips or gluing.
  • Radiant heating units according to the invention are used for heating a plate, in particular a glass ceramic plate, in radiant heating of ovens, in particular baking ovens, in radiant heaters or in halogen radiators.
  • Radiant heaters have a heating wire as the heat source, halogen radiators a halogen lamp. Halogen and heating wire heating systems combined in one radiant heater have recently become known.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Where:
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged longitudinal section of Figure 1.
  • example 1
  • Clay was pasted with water to a plastic, easily formable mass. This mass was rolled out to a thickness of 5 mm.
  • an eight-pointed star cross could be formed with the knife, which was additionally stabilized by a square on the tip.
  • the beam width was 11 mm.
  • the diameter of the entire bracket was 178 mm.
  • Sawtooth-like holding cones were positioned on the beams from the clay so that they reproduced a spiral geometry.
  • This heating element carrier was fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C.
  • a heating coil (diameter 5 mm, wire thickness 0.8 mm) was placed in the heating element carrier.
  • the heating element carrier provided in this way was inserted into the heat insulation, the heating element carrier being fixed in the heat insulation with 2 metal clips.
  • Example 2 The procedure according to Example 1 was repeated with the modification that the ceramic holder was made square.
  • the beam width was 11 mm here too, the edge length of the square 240 mm.
  • the appearance of the ceramic holder corresponded to Example 1, but the beams were extended so far that they fill a square of the edge length of 240 mm.
  • the beam ends were stabilized by a square frame made of the same ceramic. Made of thermal insulation
  • Example 1 The heating element carrier with Schuwen ⁇ del acc. Example 1 inserted and fixed with 5 retaining clips. This unit was subjected to the long-term test. Example 1 subjected. Example 3
  • Example 1 The procedure according to Example 1 was repeated with the modification that the resistance wire did not have the shape of a helix, but was designed as a flat flat wire.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Induction Heating Cooking Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'unité à chaleur radiante décrite comporte un élément chauffant, un support d'élément chauffant sous lequel se trouve une isolation thermique, et est caractérisée en ce que ledit support ne recouvre pas la totalité de la surface de l'isolation thermique sous-jacente et en ce que celle-ci est constituée d'un matériau calorifuge microporeux. L'unité à chaleur radiante décrite s'utilise pour le chauffage d'une plaque, notamment une plaque vitrocéramique, dans des chauffages radiants de fours de boulangerie, dans des radiateurs chauffants ou des radiateurs à halogène.
PCT/EP1990/001772 1989-10-20 1990-10-19 Unite a chaleur radiante WO1991006193A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019910700571A KR920702180A (ko) 1989-10-20 1990-10-19 복사가열장치(Rediant Heating Unit)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3935031A DE3935031A1 (de) 1989-10-20 1989-10-20 Strahlungsheizeinheit
DEP3935031.2 1989-10-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991006193A1 true WO1991006193A1 (fr) 1991-05-02

Family

ID=6391880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1990/001772 WO1991006193A1 (fr) 1989-10-20 1990-10-19 Unite a chaleur radiante

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0495897A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04503427A (fr)
KR (1) KR920702180A (fr)
CA (1) CA2067207A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3935031A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991006193A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0644707A1 (fr) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-22 Wacker-Chemie GmbH Elément de chauffage par radiation, en particulier pour une plaque vitrocéramique

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4304539A1 (de) * 1993-02-11 1994-08-18 Belzig Elektrowaerme Gmbh Strahlungsheizkörper für Glaskeramikkochflächen
DE4332884A1 (de) * 1993-09-21 1995-03-23 Belzig Elektrowaerme Gmbh Strahlungsheizkörper für Glaskeramikkochflächen
GB9505153D0 (en) † 1995-03-14 1995-05-03 Rockwool Int Method of making mineral fibres
DE29513519U1 (de) * 1995-08-23 1995-11-30 KKW Kulmbacher Klimageräte-Werk GmbH, 95326 Kulmbach Wärmedämmung
DE10016969A1 (de) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-19 Diehl Ako Stiftung Gmbh & Co Mikroporöser Wärmedämmformkörper
GB0113942D0 (en) * 2001-06-08 2001-08-01 Ceramaspeed Ltd Radiant electric heater

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1133468A (en) * 1965-05-25 1968-11-13 Gen Motors Corp Infra-red electric surface heater apparatuses
DE2165569A1 (de) * 1971-12-30 1973-07-05 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Elektrokochgeraet mit einer oberen platte aus hochwaermebestaendigem glasartigem bzw. keramischem material
FR2170098A1 (fr) * 1972-02-03 1973-09-14 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer
DE2747663A1 (de) * 1977-10-24 1979-04-26 Gruenzweig Hartmann Glasfaser Durch pressen verdichteter formkoerper aus einem gemisch aus pyrogener kieselsaeure, einem truebungsmittel und mineralwolle
EP0041203A1 (fr) * 1980-05-29 1981-12-09 Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG Dispositif pour loger de façon thermiquement isolée une hélice chauffante électrique, en particulier pour une plaque de cuisson chauffée par rayonnement et procédé pour sa fabrication
EP0197547A2 (fr) * 1985-04-08 1986-10-15 The Kanthal Corporation Plaque chauffante de cuisson

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0727798B2 (ja) * 1986-03-31 1995-03-29 京セラ株式会社 セラミツクヒ−タ
JPS62240013A (ja) * 1986-04-11 1987-10-20 ザ　カンサ−ル　コ−ポレイシヨン 調理用ホツトプレ−ト

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1133468A (en) * 1965-05-25 1968-11-13 Gen Motors Corp Infra-red electric surface heater apparatuses
DE2165569A1 (de) * 1971-12-30 1973-07-05 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Elektrokochgeraet mit einer oberen platte aus hochwaermebestaendigem glasartigem bzw. keramischem material
FR2170098A1 (fr) * 1972-02-03 1973-09-14 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer
DE2747663A1 (de) * 1977-10-24 1979-04-26 Gruenzweig Hartmann Glasfaser Durch pressen verdichteter formkoerper aus einem gemisch aus pyrogener kieselsaeure, einem truebungsmittel und mineralwolle
EP0041203A1 (fr) * 1980-05-29 1981-12-09 Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG Dispositif pour loger de façon thermiquement isolée une hélice chauffante électrique, en particulier pour une plaque de cuisson chauffée par rayonnement et procédé pour sa fabrication
EP0197547A2 (fr) * 1985-04-08 1986-10-15 The Kanthal Corporation Plaque chauffante de cuisson

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0644707A1 (fr) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-22 Wacker-Chemie GmbH Elément de chauffage par radiation, en particulier pour une plaque vitrocéramique
US5532458A (en) * 1993-09-17 1996-07-02 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Radiant heater, in particular, for heating a glass-ceramic hot plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3935031A1 (de) 1991-04-25
JPH04503427A (ja) 1992-06-18
EP0495897A1 (fr) 1992-07-29
CA2067207A1 (fr) 1991-04-21
KR920702180A (ko) 1992-08-12

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