Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
  • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
  • A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
  • A61F5/0123—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations for the knees
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
  • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
  • A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
  • A61F2005/0132—Additional features of the articulation
  • A61F2005/0144—Multibar
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
  • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
  • A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
  • A61F2005/0132—Additional features of the articulation
  • A61F2005/0146—Additional features of the articulation combining rotational and sliding movements, e.g. simulating movements of a natural joint

Definitions

• Knee orthoses are used to stabilize the ligamentous apparatus in the knee.
• knee orthoses were previously prescribed preoperatively as a preventive measure against further damage to torn or overstretched ligaments and postoperatively after ligament surgery to protect them, today athletes from various disciplines use these knee orthoses more or less voluntarily to prevent knee or ligament injuries.
• the simplest version of the knee orthosis has a monocentric joint; however, the anatomical movement of the knee joint cannot be reproduced correctly with this.
• the movement or the interplay of all elements of the knee involved in the anatomical movement is much more complex. This means that knee orthoses with onocentric joints cannot move simultaneously with the thigh and shin. The result is annoying friction, which reduces comfort. Since monocentric joints are a makeshift solution from an anatomical point of view, they are particularly unsuitable for athletes.
• knee splints can be milled out of a solid carbon fiber monoblock after the dimensions of the knee joint and the adjoining parts of the upper and lower leg with one Laser scanners have been recorded and digitized.
• the knee orthoses produced in this way are equipped without four-link chains and have the decisive disadvantage that they are very expensive because of the enormous technical outlay (integrated CAD / CAM production island).
• the new knee orthoses in carbon composite construction are extremely precise and fulfill their purpose in an excellent way thanks to integrated four-link chains according to Kohlik. Show it:
• FIG. 2 Two basic alignment plates 2 (FIG. 2) are used in the positive plaster cast 1 in the lateral and medial region of the knee joint, in which the four-link chains 21 (FIG. 4a) must be located.
• two holes 3 are drilled in the positive plaster cast 1, into which the retaining pins 4 of the basic leveling plates 2 are inserted (FIG. 2).
• the crescent-shaped lower joint plate 5 FIG. 3
• the upper trapezoidal Forge joint plate 6 of the four-link chain pre-positioned thanks to the base plate 2 and in the actual carbon composite knee brace 7 (Fig.
• the cavity which inevitably forms between the plaster cast 1 and the inserted base plates 2, is filled with plasticine.
• the positive plaster cast 1 must be covered with a cotton jersey (not shown in FIG. 2). This cotton jersey is removed at the end and only has the task of keeping the residual moisture of the plaster cast 1 away from the polyvinyl acetate film 10 (PVA film) applied as the first layer over the plaster cast.
• PVA film polyvinyl acetate film 10
• a carbon layer 11 now follows. This is a carbon fiber mesh mat with two hundred braids per square centimeter. This mat is placed axially around the plaster cast 1 and glued together on the back ("back" of the leg). Now the tubular glass fiber jersey 12 used for mechanical reinforcement can be put on. The first half of the carbon composite layer is now prepared.
• the hinge plates 5,6 Fig.
• the second, outer half of the carbon composite layer is layered by covering a second layer of glass fiber jersey 12 (FIG. 2).
• the area of the link is wrapped twice crosswise with glass-fiber mats (not shown in FIG. 2).
• a further glass fiber jersey 12 which stretches all-round.
• a layer of carbon braid 11 is placed over this, on which the cover layer made of PVA film 10 is placed.
• a "sandwich composite" has been obtained, the inner fabric layers of which are placed between two PVA films around the plaster cast 1.
• Liquid laminate (resin and hardener) is now poured between these two foils.
• the poured raw form is then connected to a vacuum device and the air is evacuated.
• the layer package is pressed firmly onto the plaster cast 1 and, on the other hand, the air between the individual tissue layers is completely removed; the fabric layers are soaked through the flowing laminate.
• This process is best known as the vacuum process and, based on experience, is excellently suited for one-off productions on plaster molds.
• the knee joint contours 13 are cut out on the front and back of the knee orthosis. This will expose the parts of the knee that need to move.
• the knee brace can now also be shortened to its final length.
• the plaster cast 1 is then no longer necessary and will be dismantled later, after delivery of the orthosis. disturbs.
• the (reusable) base plates are removed.
• the cotton jersey and plasticine are also removed.
• the knee orthosis is obtained as a still semi-finished product.
• the orthosis is sawn through between the two joint plates 5, 6, so that the upper and lower half can be worked on. For example, excess carbon composite material can now be ground off, especially between the joint plates.
• the two halves are slit lengthways on the back so that the knee brace can also be put on.
• Feed-through slots 14 for the Velcro fasteners 15 are punched out and a shin pad (not shown) is inserted to increase the wearing comfort.
• the inner legs 16 and the outer legs 17 are riveted with the integrated joint plates to the finished four-link chains 21 (FIG. 4) and at the same time to the finished knee orthosis 7 (FIG. 1).
• leg 16, 17 and the joint plates 5, 6 are made of titanium, which combines the best strength values with surprisingly low weight, contributes to the low carrying weight of approximately 360 g.
• the use of carbon composite material for the knee orthosis also results in the lowest weight with very high strength in relation to the necessary material thickness.
• the basic leveling plate 2 and the function of the four-link chain 21 (FIG. 4a) must be examined in more detail.
• the hinge plates 5, 6 are positioned thanks to the basic alignment plate 2 (FIG. 2).
• the mutual position of the joint plates in the manufacture of the knee orthosis 7 depends on how much the patient's knee can be stretched. A straight leg with an appropriate flexion angle of 0 ° would be ideal, but this is never achieved after an operation. (The flexion angle 22 (FIG.
• FIG. 4b shows that when the leg is fully extended (flexion angle 0 °), the straight flank 18 of the crescent-shaped lower joint plate 5 (FIG. 3) serves as a stop for the flank 18 of the upper joint plate 6.
• the respectively opposite joint plates of the individual four-link chains must be aligned exactly parallel and congruent in order to prevent the knee orthosis from opening when the knee is bent. Despite the most careful manufacture, there will still be position tolerances; these can be compensated very easily by regrinding the stop flanks 18 (FIG. 3).
• Another decisive advantage of the new knee orthosis is that the flexion angle 22 can be limited in a simple manner.
• the first way to limit the angle is to not completely grind away the composite material between the articulated plates 5, 6 during finishing. This automatically results in restricted freedom of movement for the joint plates and thus a limited flexion angle. If after a certain time the patient is allowed to bend the knee more, all you have to do is grind the composite material further.
• the second possibility is to insert a stop screw 20 (cylinder head screw or grub screw) in the bores 19 provided for this purpose in the upper joint plates 6 (FIG. 3) and to allow the thread on the inside of the knee orthosis to protrude so far that it acts as a stop serves for the inner leg 14 of the four-link chain.
• FIG. 4c shows how, when the knee is stretched in the direction 23, the upper edge 24 of the inner leg 16 bears against the stop screw 20 and thus limits the extension angle 25, which we also find between the flanks 18 of both joint plates.
• Fig. 4b the position of the articulation plates 5, 6 at a flexion angle of 0 ° (upper articulation plate 6 extended) and at any flexion angle (upper articulation plate 6 dash-dotted).
• the stretching angle 25 and the bending angle 22 can be individually adjusted, since one only has to choose the position of the bore 19 and determine which side the thread should protrude from. It goes without saying that one of the two four-link chains 21 limits the bending angle, while the other limits the extension angle.
• the new knee brace can also be worn under jeans without any problems.
• the tight-fitting knee brace fits easily into a skier's racing suit. Ice hockey players, oarsmen, tennis players, weight lifters and soccer players, to name but a few, will definitely use the new knee brace preventively, since it effectively protects the knee joint, fits 100% and is comfortable to wear due to its low weight.
• the new knee brace will replace all existing products of this type because, thanks to the systematic use of the latest materials, it represents a real advance in orthopedic technology.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Nursing (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
• Prostheses (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Surgical Instruments (AREA)
• External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=4258273

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (19)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1989
  • 1989-09-30 CH CH3544/89A patent/CH677601A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1990
  • 1990-04-02 EP EP90904790A patent/EP0446308B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-04-02 AT AT90904790T patent/ATE111334T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-04-02 DE DE59007151T patent/DE59007151D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-04-02 WO PCT/CH1990/000085 patent/WO1991004720A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1990-09-27 WO PCT/CH1990/000229 patent/WO1991004721A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1990-09-27 AU AU63573/90A patent/AU631931B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1990-09-27 US US07/675,906 patent/US5372572A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-09-27 CA CA002042384A patent/CA2042384A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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