Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
  • E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
  • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
  • E04C2/382—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of concrete or other stone-like substance

Definitions

• This invention relates to a method of manufacturing an insulated/insulatable reinforced building or construction element (foundation, wall, roof, ceiling or floor element) in concrete, one lateral face of said element exhibiting pegwoods in the form of wooden ledges connected to the reinforcement and being partially casted into the concrete, and wherein the . rectangular horizontal upward open casting mould may have a length corresponding either to the length/ height of use of the resulting element or to a multiple of said length/height.
• This element exhibits a high compression, tensile and bending strength in relation -to weight per surface area unit.
• one side face is formed by the concrete, while the opposite side face due to the pegwoods may be provided with clothing plates, panels or the like nailed thereon.
• the concrete plate has one side face forming one external face of the element, the opposite side face of the concrete . plate being formed with reinforced longitudinally or laterally extending concrete ribs, to which the wooden ledges are anchored and between which soft insulation mats are being embedded prior to the application of vapour barrier and external building plate/panel or other plate, coating or covering material.
• the casting mould In order to form said longitudinally or laterally extending reinforced concrete ribs and their intermediate cavities for the embedment of said soft insulation mats, the casting mould exhibits so-called cavity boxes. However, in some countries rigid insulation plates are permitted, and said cavity boxes are then superfluous.
• the concrete ribs and the pegwood-forming wooden ledges connected thereto as well as the cavities for soft insulation mats or said rigid insulation plates, respectively, may extend in the longitudinal or lateral direction of the casting mould. Usually, they will extend in the lateral direction of the mould, but with elements receiving a substantial height in the position of use, concrete ribs etc. have to be formed in the longitudinal direction of the casting mould.
• the casting is effected in such a manner that the continuous concrete face is formed at the bottom face of the casting mould.
• Such a method involve technical disadvantages and limitations in the manufacturing step, because most of the " area of the top of the mould during casting is being covered by said cavity boxes. Therefore, the filling of concrete into the mould has to be carefully controlled when executed.
• Another disadvantage of known casting technique is that no steps are taker, in order to facilitate a working of the concrete surface, e.g. decoratively (facing, admixing shingle in the surface layer etc.). Facing of the concrete face is impossible when the element is laying in the mould, because said face is quite inaccessible in this position.
• the object of the present invention is to indicate a very rational method of manufacturing the elements in question, wherein said disadvantages, deficiencies and limitations of the prior art have been eliminated.
• the method according to the invention may be utilized in connection with, two main types of the present building elements, namely (1) elements having cavities for the embedment of soft insulation mats, and (2) elements having rigid insulation plates.
• the principle of the method is the same in both cases; the first main type, however, requires a casting mould having permanently mounted longitudinally or laterally extending rectangular cavity boxes, said cavity boxes being quite superfluous and, additionally, interfering when manufacturing the other main type.
• a casting mould having permanent cavity boxes the spacing thereof somewhat exceeding the width of said pegwood-forming wooden ledges, the width of the cavity boxes somewhat exceeding the width of said mats.
• the casting mould i ⁇ elongated rectangular and upward open as well as having a flat bottom and short walls extending along the lateral and end edges.
• the mould may have a length of 50 metres.
• the lateral and end walls may have a height of about 15 centimetres.
• the width is adapted to a standard measure for the height/width of use of the resulting element. In connection with such a large efficient mould length as of the order 50 metres, it is, of course, a supposition that the resulting ca ⁇ ted element subsequently is being cut into the necessary lengths/heights of use.
• a girder or beam may be embedded, and possibly a wooden beam along the other edge.
• the elements to be manufactured may, beyond the previously mentioned general shape, exhibit constructive differences or differing detail designs.
• the resulting concrete face of the element is located uppermost; this being in marked contrast with prior art casting technique wherein the concrete face is being formed at the- bottom face of the casting mould.
• it is, therefore, easy to work on the upward facing concrete surface as desired.
• said surface may be assigned a desired surface layer through appropriate ' working of the concrete face or through the application of decorative materials, e.g. shingel, upon the same.
• Figure 1 in perspective view shows an element of the general type advantageously manufacturable by means of the method according to the invention
• Figure 2 is a sector of a longitudinal section through a mould containing a precast element having cavities for the embedment of loose soft insulation mats, wherein the pegwood-forming wooden ledges and said cavities e-xtend laterally of the longitudinal direction of the casting mould;
• Figure 3 in a simplified perspective view shows the casting mould in connection with a particular arrangement of a cavity frame for a resulting window cavity in a wall . element.
• the reference numeral 1 generally denotes a house building element of the kind concerned.
• the element 1 consists of a concrete plate 2 having lateral ribs 3 in this embodiment.
• the continuous side face of the concrete plate 2 is indicated by 2 ' .
• Both the concrete plate 2 and its ribs 3 are reinforced.
• the cross reinforcement net 4 is visible at the upper left corner of figure 1.
• the reinforced concrete ribs 3 carry pegwood-forming wooden ledges 4 ' casted thereon'.
• the element shown in figure 1 has also a wooden beam 5 extending along its upper edge.
• cavities 6 are formed between the ribs 3 and are formed cavities 6 countersunk in relation to one side face of the element as represented through the front faces of the wooden ledges 4 ' . These cavities 6 are shaped in-order to receive loose soft insulation mats 7.
• card board 8 forming vapour barrier is nailed thereon.
• Thin wooden ledges 9 are nailed on the outside of the card board plates 8 using the wooden leges 4' as pegwood.
• the element 1 may thereafter be provided with e.g. panel 10, buidling or covering plates or the like, nailed thereon.
• the main reinforcement, the net 4 is connected to a longitudinal reinforcing rod 11, e.g. in the form of a so-called cam steel, whereto are welded short reinforcing bows or inclined struts 12, the- connection between the main reinforcement net 4 and the bows 12 being effected by means of ordinary binder wire or in any other convenient way.
• a longitudinal reinforcing rod 11 e.g. in the form of a so-called cam steel, whereto are welded short reinforcing bows or inclined struts 12, the- connection between the main reinforcement net 4 and the bows 12 being effected by means of ordinary binder wire or in any other convenient way.
• the continuous side face 2 ' of the concrete plate 2 opposite the ribs 3 and the wooden ledges 4' may be plain. However, whenever another surface structure is desired, e.g. when shingle, facing, etc. is being used, this is very easy to perform in connection with the production process according to the present invention already when the element is still occupying the casting mould, giving rise to large productiontechnical advantages concerning the surface treatment.
• Figure 2 shows a short sector of a longitudinal cross- section through a casting mould, here represented by the bottom 13 and two adjacent lateral cavity boxes 14, the top edge of the mould being indicated at 13' .
• the cavities which are defined by the cavity boxes 14 and are to serve for the reception of subsequently embedded loose soft insulation mats 7, are indicated at 15.
• the method is as follows :
• the cavity boxes 14 will extend in the lateral direction of the mould. For floor elements and tall walls only, a longitudinal orientation of the cavity boxes 14 will be preferred.
• the wooden ledges 4 ' are thereafter at each end connected to the cam steel 11 by means of in per se known clips 16 having a spike 17 which is driven into the wooden ledge 4 ' .
• the reinforcement net 4 is placed and fixed at appropriate level below the top 13' of the mould through the connection to the upright reinforcing bows 12 welded to the cam steel 11.
• the upper ends of the bows 12 are attached to the reinforcement net 4 by means of common binder wire.
• the casting mould is thereafter ready to receive the concrete supplied from above by means of e.g. a production jib movable in the longitudinal direction of the mould; said jig may be a multi-function jig (for the application of mould oil, hoisting og possibly transportation of the finished element, etc. ).
• the wooden ledges 4 ' are secured by casting to the concrete ribs 3, which are reinforced partially through the cam steel, partially through the bows 12, simultaneously as the wooden ledges are connected to the reinforcement.
• the top concrete surface is freely accessible to be worked on in non-hardened/hardened condition; this in contrast with prior art casting technique wherein the concret surface 2' " is formed at the bottom 13 of the mould.
• FIG 3 the spacings between adjacent cavity boxes 14 are indicated at 18.
• a cavity frame 19 for a resulting window cavity is placed upon some cavity boxes and has suspended lugs 20 shaped to engage into the spacing 18 and seal the same with regard to the cavity frame 19 , so that concrete cannot penetrate into the frame 19 via said spacings.
• pegwood ledges are placed around cavities for doors/windows. Additionally, one may place beams at the resulting top edge and possibly at the bottom edge of the element to be manufactured.
• the attachment of the cam steel 11 and the bows 12 on the wooden ledges 4 ' may take place optionally prior to the embedment of the wooden ledges ' into the mould or subese ⁇ uently to their embedment into the same.

Landscapes

• Architecture (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
• Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
• Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
• Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19892345

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (7)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1989
  • 1989-08-25 NO NO89893418A patent/NO893418L/no unknown
• 1990
  • 1990-08-21 ES ES90912341T patent/ES2086410T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-08-21 HU HU9200541A patent/HU212543B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-08-21 CA CA002064893A patent/CA2064893C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-08-21 DE DE69025775T patent/DE69025775T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-08-21 AU AU61692/90A patent/AU642155B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1990-08-21 WO PCT/NO1990/000135 patent/WO1991002862A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1990-08-21 EP EP90912341A patent/EP0593431B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-08-21 AT AT90912341T patent/ATE135072T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-08-21 HU HU9200541A patent/HUT64126A/hu unknown
• 1992
  • 1992-02-19 FI FI920708A patent/FI96982C/fi active

Patent Citations (7)

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