CA2064893C - A method of manufacturing an insulated/insulatable reinforced building element in concrete - Google Patents
A method of manufacturing an insulated/insulatable reinforced building element in concreteInfo
- Publication number
- CA2064893C CA2064893C CA002064893A CA2064893A CA2064893C CA 2064893 C CA2064893 C CA 2064893C CA 002064893 A CA002064893 A CA 002064893A CA 2064893 A CA2064893 A CA 2064893A CA 2064893 C CA2064893 C CA 2064893C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- mould
- plate
- cavity
- building element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/382—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of concrete or other stone-like substance
Landscapes
- Architecture (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
A rational production process for the manufacturing of insulated/isolatable building elements (foundation, wall, roof, ceiling or floor elements) in reinforced (4, 11, 12) concrete and having pegwood-forming ledges (4') connected (16, l7) to the reinforcement (4, 11, 12) and joining a concrete plate (2) via reinforced (11, 12) concrete ribs (3). For the casting process; a rectangular horizontally oriented upward open casting mould (13, 13') is utilized. One type of element is to have spaced cavities (15) for the subsequent embedment of soft insulation mats. For this type of elements, one uses a casting mould (13, 13') having spaced fixed cavity boxes (14), the spacings therebetween accomodating said pegwood-forming ledges (4'). A connection between said ledges (4') and said reinforcement (11, 12, 16, 17) is established within said mould (13, 13'). A main reinforcing net (4) is now positioned and attached to the reinforcing means (12) of the ledges (4').
Thereafter, concrete is filled into the mould. Prior to, during or immediately subsequent to hardening, one may effect the desired working on the freely accesible to surface (2) of concrete.
Thereafter, concrete is filled into the mould. Prior to, during or immediately subsequent to hardening, one may effect the desired working on the freely accesible to surface (2) of concrete.
Description
This invention relates to a method of manufac~uring an insulatable reinforced building or construction element (foundation, wall, roof, ceiling or floor element) in concrete, one side of said element being formed by a reinforced conc~~ete plate, the other side face exhibitinc nailing strips in the form of longitudinall:r or lateral~,v extending wooden ledges connected to the r=inforcement and joining said concrete plate via longitudinally o. laterally extending reinforced concrete ribs, and wherein the element for the subsequent embedment of isolation ;hats exhibits countersunk laterally open cavities, and wherein is used a rectangular horizontally oriented upward open casting mould having a bottom as well as lateral and end walls, said casting mould having a length corresponding either to the length/height of use of the resulting element or to a multiple of said length!height of use.
rectangular building or construction element in reinforced concrete having hailers in the form of longitudinally and laterally extending wooden ledges equally spaced over one side or lateral face of the element, is sown and described in Norwegian patent application No. 863fo7. This e'_ement exhibits a high compression, tensile and bending stre.~.gth in relation to weight per surface area uni~~. '"hus, in this known element one side race is formed by the concrete, while SU~STi~'~ITS S~~ST
rectangular building or construction element in reinforced concrete having hailers in the form of longitudinally and laterally extending wooden ledges equally spaced over one side or lateral face of the element, is sown and described in Norwegian patent application No. 863fo7. This e'_ement exhibits a high compression, tensile and bending stre.~.gth in relation to weight per surface area uni~~. '"hus, in this known element one side race is formed by the concrete, while SU~STi~'~ITS S~~ST
the OpOOSlt2 S'~de face dile t0 the nai lers jnaii.inQ Stripg) may be provided with clothing plat's, panels or the li'~
nailed t::erecn. More particularl_r, the concrete plate has one side face forming one external face of the element, the opposite sid= face o-f the concrete plate being formed with r rein~orced longitudinally or late=ally-extanding concrete ribs, to whic~ the wooden ledges ~.re anchored and Between :vhich soft insulation mars are being embedded prior to t~.e application of -:apour barrier and external building plate/
panel or other prate, coating or covering material.
In order to form said longitudinally or laterally extending reinforced concrete ribs and their intermediate cavities for the embedment of said soft insulation mats, the castincr mould exhibits so-called cavity 'poxes.
The concrete _ibs and tc:e nailer-=orming wooden ledges connected ther=to ws well as the cavities for soft insulation mats or said rigid i:isulation plates, respectively, may extend in the longitudinal or lateral direction of t::e casting mould. ~:sually, they will extend in the lateral direction of the mould, but with elements receiving a substantial height in tre position of use, concrete ribs etc. have to be formed in the longitudinal direction of the casting mould.
Building elements of the above-mentioned general type are quite complex in their construction, and it has hitherto been difficult to arri~~e at a rational production method.
In accordance to current technique, the casting is effected in such a manner that the continuous concrete face ~~s formed at the bottom ace of the casting mould. Such a met!:od involve technical disadvantages and limitations in the manufacturing step, because most of the area ef the too of the mould duri:~g casting is being covered by said cavity gU8STITUTE SHEET
c~, ~, J
boxes. Therefore, the Lining cf concrete into the mould has to be carefully controlled when executed.
mother disadvan rage of known casting tec'.~.nique is t:-:at no steps are taken in order to facilitate a working of the concrete surface, e.g. decoratively (facing, admixing shingle in the sur~a~~e layer etc.). Facing of the concrete face is impossi'ole when the element is laving in t::~.e mould, because said face is quite inaccessible in this position.
Of couse, one may place a layer of shingle - as resulting surface layer on the concrete face - at t~:e bottom of the mould, but such a me~hod is less controllable, and the results thereof have mostly been very poor.
SE-B-416 5'2 discloses a building element, namely a wall elemen~ exhlbitlng some of the features of the introductorily disclosed structure. The method for its manufacturing distinguishes itself through_the use of a mould lacking fixed cavity boxes; placing rigid isolation plates and wooden. ledges which form fixing battens alternately side by side at the OOttom of the mould;
connecting said wooden ledges by ties either in a previous working operation, or subsequent to their embedment while resting against the mould bottom; embedding a main reinforcement, e.g. in the form of a reinforcing net, to be located in a plane extending parallel to the side faces of the resulting element; filling the mould with concrete from above and allowing said concrete to harden, possibly after having performed desired working on its freely accessible top surface; and removing the element from the mould.
CH-a-X90 98? discloses a building element exhibting some of the features c= the introductorily defined. structure wherein nailer-forming wooden beams are connected to the reinforcement through the intermediary of connecting means.
This prior art building element comprises rigid panels, aUSSTITUTE SHEET
_~
pr=ferably cf _..~.sulation material and accommodating a stlOStanLlal pCirtiOn Cf the total CrvSS-SeCtiCna~ are Of the °_i2ment.
The building element of SE-B-4_o S72 and that of CH-a-S90 987 comprise rigid isolation plates which, usually, are ver_; expensive as compared to soft isolation mats of similar or superior insulating properties. The methods according to these prior art publications require comprehensive formwork operations.
The object of the present invention is to indicate a very rational method of manufacturing building elements of the introductorily defined kind, i.e. of the kind lacking casted-in rig'_d isolation plates and instead exhibiting countersunk cavities; wherein the =,vooden ledges are connected directly to the reinforcement, and wherein the reinforcing net is fixed in position by connection to upright reinforcing means, thereby eliminating or substantially reducing said disad-rantages, deficiencies and limitations of the prior art.
To this end, the invention is characterized through the features defined in the following claims.
Thus, the method according to the in-rention is to be utilized in connection with one main type of the present building elements only) namely elements having cavities for the subsequent embedment of soft insulation mats.
Consequently, when casting elements having cavities for subsequent embedment of soft insulation mats, a casting mould is used navi.~,g permanent cavity boxes the spacing tt:ereof somewhat exceeding the width of said nailer-forming wooden ledges, the width of the cavity boxes somewhat =U~T1TUTE SHEET
xCeeding the .vide h Of Sald .'flatS . i::e C~?S ring mOl:id iS
elongated rectangular and upward oven as well as :~avir~a a fiat bottom and short walls e:ctending along the lateral and end edges. For e.cample, the mould may have a length of 0 metres. The lateral and end walls may have a height of about 1~ Centimetres. c~~eLerably, the wldt:l iS ddapted t0 a standard measure for r_he height;rNidth of use of the resulting element. In connecticn with such a large efficient mould iengt'.~, as of t:te order ~ 0 me tr es , i t is , of cour se , a supposition that the resulting casted element subseauent'_v is being cut into the necessary len.gths/heights of use. j Firstly, in the spacings. between the cavity boxes on the mould bottom, ene places the hailer-forming wooden ledges which previously or after their insertion into the mould, respectively, have been provided with upright reinforcement means for subsequent connection to the main reinforcement oz the element. In wall elements, cavity frames for doors/
w_ndows are thereafter placed upon the cavity boxes and the wooden ledges. The main reinforcement of the element which mar consist of a cross reinforcement in the form of a net (having cavities for the door/window cavity frames), is now placed parallel to the mould bottom, and is kept adequately spaced from the top of t~.e cavity boxes through the reinforcement net's connection to the ~,:pright reinforcement means of the wooden ledges. Thereby one achieves partlyr a temporary attachment ef the reinforcement net at a desired level above the mould bottom and at an intentional distance from the resulting upper concrete surface, and partly that the wooden ledges in the finished element are securely anchored to the main reinforcement.
Everything is now ready fo.r casting, which may take place very rationally because of the large aria of filling (t'_:c-cavity bcxes are countersunk in relation. to the "fil l i ng opening" represented by the en=ire efficient area of the -~~~..~TiTUTE SHEET
b mCU1 C ~ FOr e:Cdlllple , 1 t 1s ~e3S1'01 °_ t,'~ ~.:Sf? a Sv-Called production jig arranged above the casting mould and movable therealong) and wherefrom the concrete may be distributed.
:application or mould oil, hoisting of the tasted element as well as transpcrtation or the latter for storage, etc., :na~r also be effected b_r :means of a production jig.
~lona one edge cf the casting mould, prior to casting, a girder or beam magi be embedded, and possibly a wooden beam along the other edge. Thus, the elements to be manufactured mav, beyond the previously mentioned general shape, exhibit constructive differences or differing detail designs.
In a way of manufacturing as outlined above, the resulting concrete face of the element is located uppermost; this being in marked contrast with prior art casting techniaue wherein the concrete face is being formed at the bottom face of the casting mould. according to the invention, it is, therefore, easy to work on the upward facing concrete surface as desired. Fcr example, said surface may 'oe assigned a desired surface layer through appropriate working cf the concrete face or through the application of decorative materials, e.g. shingel, upon the same.
Examplary embodiments of the invention are further described in the following, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 in perspective view shows an element of the general type advantageously manufacturable by means of the method according to the invention;
figure 2 is a sector of a longitudinal section through a mould containing a precast element having cavities for the embedment of loose soft insulation mats, wherein the naiier-formine woode.~. ledges and said cavities e:ctend ~',~~."~,,~,T1TUTE SHEET
1 _ - LL, 1 ' 1 3.H
1G l.~rC ' 1 V oL Llle ~~'l1 V 1 ~.,.t~w ~~::a~ d~1 eL '.~l~n o t~.le '.aj'_Z:iCj mould;
,figure 3 in a simplif led perspectiv a vie~N shows t~:e cas ring mould in ccnnection with a particular arrangement cf a cavity frame for a resulting window cavity in a wall element.
In figure 1 the reference numeral 1 generally denotes a house buildi.~.g element of the kind concerned.
T':e element 1 consists of a concrete plate Z having let=ral ribs 3 in this embodiment. The conti:.uous side face cf the concrete plate 2 is indicated by 2' . Both the concrete plate 2 and its r_bs 3 are reinforced. For the concrete plate 2, the cross reinfor-,.ement net s is visible at the upper left corner of figure 1.
The reinforced concrete ri~os 3 carry nailer-forming wooden ledges ~' casted thereon. The element shown in figure 1 has also a wooden beam S extending alone its upper edge.
Between the ribs 3 are formed cavities 5 countersunk in relation to one side face of the element as represented througrl the front faces of the wooden ledges 4' . These cavities 6 are shaped in order to receive loose soft insulation mats 7.
when the insulation mats ? are embedded, card board 8 forming vapour barrier i~ nailed thereon. Thin wooden ledges 9 are nailed on the outside of the card board plates 8 using the wooden loges ~' as nai'_ing strips.
Tie element 1 may therea-_ter be provided with e.g. panel 1G, buidling or covering plates o.r the like, nailed thereon.
It appears from figure ~ that the main reinforcement, the - ~r j ;~'~TE SHEET
a filet ~ , ! S c0.~.i1°C taG' t'C ~ 1 png~t~ d; nal rel:l~OrClng r.~~d 11 , e.~. in tile form Of .. ~O-Called Cam Steel, whereto arc welded short reinforcing bows or inclined struts i?, the connection betw2~n ~a :rain reinforcement net :~ and the bows 12 being effac=ed ov means of ordinary binder wire or in any other convenient wav.
The continuous ..fide face 2' of the concrete plate 2 opposite the ribs 3 and the wooden ledges ~', may be plain. However, wherever another surface structure is desired, e.g. when shingle, facing, etc. ~s being used, this ~... verv easy: to perform in connection with the production process according to the present invention already when, the element is still occupying the casting mould, giving rise to large productiontechnical advantages concerning the surface treatment.
Figure Z snows a short sector of a longitudinal cross-section through a casting mould, here represented by the bottom 13 and two adjacent lateral cavity boxes 14, the top edge of the mould being indicated at 13' . The cavities which are defined by the cavity boxes 14 and are to serve for t~.e reception of subseauently embedded loose soft insulation mats 7, are indicated at 15.
For the manufacturing of elements having lateral or longitudinal cavities 15 for soft insulation mats, the method is as follows:
An upward open rectangular mould 13,13' is used having permanent cavity boxes 14 placed with a spacing corresponding to the width of the nailer-forming wooden ledges 4' desired to be used. When manufacturing most types of elements, the cavity boxes 14 will extend in the lateral direction or the mould. For floor elements and tall walls only, a longitudinal orientation of the cavity boxes 1~ will '~ ~~ ~ ~3TE SHEE1 be pr°ferred.
ibi ~~ ~i a~;
Between the cavity boxes 14 are embedded wooden 'edges ih.aVlng a L1'llC:CilE.'SS eqLlal tG Gui;i a fraCt~On Cf the I'lPlgClt OL
the cavity boxes 14 and the width of wh_ch being adapted to the spacing between the cavity boxes 11, so that the wooden ledges ~' when sestina against the botLOm 13 cf the mould with their future front face, fill said spacing entirel,~.
The wooden ledges =~' are thereafter at each end connecte~to the cam steel 11 by means of in per se known clips to having a spike 1~ which is driven into the wooden ledge 4' .
T~Ihen this is done, the reinforcement net 4 is placed and fixed at appropriate level below the top 13' of the mould through the connection to the upright reinforcing bows 12 welded to the cam steel 11. The upper ends of the bows 12 are attached to tre reinforcement net 4 by means of common birder wire.
The casting mould is thereafter ready to receive the concrete supplied from above b=r means of e.g. a production jib movable in the longitudinal direction of the mould; said jig may be a multi-function jig (for the application of mould oil, hoisting og possibly transportation. or the finished element, etc.). During the casting process, the wooden ledges 4' are secured by casting to the concrete ribs 3, which are reinforced partially through the cam steel, partially through the bows 12, simultaneously as the wooden ledges are connected to the reinforcement.
After the mould has been filled with concrete, the top concrete surface is freely accessible to be worked en in non-hardened!hardened condition; this in contrast with prior art casting technique wherein the concret surface 2' is formed at the bottom 13 of the mould.
~~~'~JTE SHEET
iu figur2 ~, the SpaCings bet.Jee.~. ad~aCe~lt CaVlt:/ bOXes 1:1 are indicated at 18. A cavity frame 19 for a resulting window cavity is placed upon some cavity bones and has suspended lugs ?0 shaped to engage into the spacing 13 and seal the same with regard to the cavity frame 19, so that concrete cannct penetrate into the frame 19 via said spacings. Arcund cavities for doors; windows, nailing ledges (not shown) are placed. Additionally, one may place beams at the resulting top edge and possibly at the bottom edge. of the element to be manufactured.
The attachment of the cam steel 11 and the bows i2 on the wooden ledges 4' may take place optionally prior to the embedment of the wooden ledges ~' into the mould o~_.
subesequent to their embedment into the same.
~~,~;~!'~~1~'E SHEET
nailed t::erecn. More particularl_r, the concrete plate has one side face forming one external face of the element, the opposite sid= face o-f the concrete plate being formed with r rein~orced longitudinally or late=ally-extanding concrete ribs, to whic~ the wooden ledges ~.re anchored and Between :vhich soft insulation mars are being embedded prior to t~.e application of -:apour barrier and external building plate/
panel or other prate, coating or covering material.
In order to form said longitudinally or laterally extending reinforced concrete ribs and their intermediate cavities for the embedment of said soft insulation mats, the castincr mould exhibits so-called cavity 'poxes.
The concrete _ibs and tc:e nailer-=orming wooden ledges connected ther=to ws well as the cavities for soft insulation mats or said rigid i:isulation plates, respectively, may extend in the longitudinal or lateral direction of t::e casting mould. ~:sually, they will extend in the lateral direction of the mould, but with elements receiving a substantial height in tre position of use, concrete ribs etc. have to be formed in the longitudinal direction of the casting mould.
Building elements of the above-mentioned general type are quite complex in their construction, and it has hitherto been difficult to arri~~e at a rational production method.
In accordance to current technique, the casting is effected in such a manner that the continuous concrete face ~~s formed at the bottom ace of the casting mould. Such a met!:od involve technical disadvantages and limitations in the manufacturing step, because most of the area ef the too of the mould duri:~g casting is being covered by said cavity gU8STITUTE SHEET
c~, ~, J
boxes. Therefore, the Lining cf concrete into the mould has to be carefully controlled when executed.
mother disadvan rage of known casting tec'.~.nique is t:-:at no steps are taken in order to facilitate a working of the concrete surface, e.g. decoratively (facing, admixing shingle in the sur~a~~e layer etc.). Facing of the concrete face is impossi'ole when the element is laving in t::~.e mould, because said face is quite inaccessible in this position.
Of couse, one may place a layer of shingle - as resulting surface layer on the concrete face - at t~:e bottom of the mould, but such a me~hod is less controllable, and the results thereof have mostly been very poor.
SE-B-416 5'2 discloses a building element, namely a wall elemen~ exhlbitlng some of the features of the introductorily disclosed structure. The method for its manufacturing distinguishes itself through_the use of a mould lacking fixed cavity boxes; placing rigid isolation plates and wooden. ledges which form fixing battens alternately side by side at the OOttom of the mould;
connecting said wooden ledges by ties either in a previous working operation, or subsequent to their embedment while resting against the mould bottom; embedding a main reinforcement, e.g. in the form of a reinforcing net, to be located in a plane extending parallel to the side faces of the resulting element; filling the mould with concrete from above and allowing said concrete to harden, possibly after having performed desired working on its freely accessible top surface; and removing the element from the mould.
CH-a-X90 98? discloses a building element exhibting some of the features c= the introductorily defined. structure wherein nailer-forming wooden beams are connected to the reinforcement through the intermediary of connecting means.
This prior art building element comprises rigid panels, aUSSTITUTE SHEET
_~
pr=ferably cf _..~.sulation material and accommodating a stlOStanLlal pCirtiOn Cf the total CrvSS-SeCtiCna~ are Of the °_i2ment.
The building element of SE-B-4_o S72 and that of CH-a-S90 987 comprise rigid isolation plates which, usually, are ver_; expensive as compared to soft isolation mats of similar or superior insulating properties. The methods according to these prior art publications require comprehensive formwork operations.
The object of the present invention is to indicate a very rational method of manufacturing building elements of the introductorily defined kind, i.e. of the kind lacking casted-in rig'_d isolation plates and instead exhibiting countersunk cavities; wherein the =,vooden ledges are connected directly to the reinforcement, and wherein the reinforcing net is fixed in position by connection to upright reinforcing means, thereby eliminating or substantially reducing said disad-rantages, deficiencies and limitations of the prior art.
To this end, the invention is characterized through the features defined in the following claims.
Thus, the method according to the in-rention is to be utilized in connection with one main type of the present building elements only) namely elements having cavities for the subsequent embedment of soft insulation mats.
Consequently, when casting elements having cavities for subsequent embedment of soft insulation mats, a casting mould is used navi.~,g permanent cavity boxes the spacing tt:ereof somewhat exceeding the width of said nailer-forming wooden ledges, the width of the cavity boxes somewhat =U~T1TUTE SHEET
xCeeding the .vide h Of Sald .'flatS . i::e C~?S ring mOl:id iS
elongated rectangular and upward oven as well as :~avir~a a fiat bottom and short walls e:ctending along the lateral and end edges. For e.cample, the mould may have a length of 0 metres. The lateral and end walls may have a height of about 1~ Centimetres. c~~eLerably, the wldt:l iS ddapted t0 a standard measure for r_he height;rNidth of use of the resulting element. In connecticn with such a large efficient mould iengt'.~, as of t:te order ~ 0 me tr es , i t is , of cour se , a supposition that the resulting casted element subseauent'_v is being cut into the necessary len.gths/heights of use. j Firstly, in the spacings. between the cavity boxes on the mould bottom, ene places the hailer-forming wooden ledges which previously or after their insertion into the mould, respectively, have been provided with upright reinforcement means for subsequent connection to the main reinforcement oz the element. In wall elements, cavity frames for doors/
w_ndows are thereafter placed upon the cavity boxes and the wooden ledges. The main reinforcement of the element which mar consist of a cross reinforcement in the form of a net (having cavities for the door/window cavity frames), is now placed parallel to the mould bottom, and is kept adequately spaced from the top of t~.e cavity boxes through the reinforcement net's connection to the ~,:pright reinforcement means of the wooden ledges. Thereby one achieves partlyr a temporary attachment ef the reinforcement net at a desired level above the mould bottom and at an intentional distance from the resulting upper concrete surface, and partly that the wooden ledges in the finished element are securely anchored to the main reinforcement.
Everything is now ready fo.r casting, which may take place very rationally because of the large aria of filling (t'_:c-cavity bcxes are countersunk in relation. to the "fil l i ng opening" represented by the en=ire efficient area of the -~~~..~TiTUTE SHEET
b mCU1 C ~ FOr e:Cdlllple , 1 t 1s ~e3S1'01 °_ t,'~ ~.:Sf? a Sv-Called production jig arranged above the casting mould and movable therealong) and wherefrom the concrete may be distributed.
:application or mould oil, hoisting of the tasted element as well as transpcrtation or the latter for storage, etc., :na~r also be effected b_r :means of a production jig.
~lona one edge cf the casting mould, prior to casting, a girder or beam magi be embedded, and possibly a wooden beam along the other edge. Thus, the elements to be manufactured mav, beyond the previously mentioned general shape, exhibit constructive differences or differing detail designs.
In a way of manufacturing as outlined above, the resulting concrete face of the element is located uppermost; this being in marked contrast with prior art casting techniaue wherein the concrete face is being formed at the bottom face of the casting mould. according to the invention, it is, therefore, easy to work on the upward facing concrete surface as desired. Fcr example, said surface may 'oe assigned a desired surface layer through appropriate working cf the concrete face or through the application of decorative materials, e.g. shingel, upon the same.
Examplary embodiments of the invention are further described in the following, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 in perspective view shows an element of the general type advantageously manufacturable by means of the method according to the invention;
figure 2 is a sector of a longitudinal section through a mould containing a precast element having cavities for the embedment of loose soft insulation mats, wherein the naiier-formine woode.~. ledges and said cavities e:ctend ~',~~."~,,~,T1TUTE SHEET
1 _ - LL, 1 ' 1 3.H
1G l.~rC ' 1 V oL Llle ~~'l1 V 1 ~.,.t~w ~~::a~ d~1 eL '.~l~n o t~.le '.aj'_Z:iCj mould;
,figure 3 in a simplif led perspectiv a vie~N shows t~:e cas ring mould in ccnnection with a particular arrangement cf a cavity frame for a resulting window cavity in a wall element.
In figure 1 the reference numeral 1 generally denotes a house buildi.~.g element of the kind concerned.
T':e element 1 consists of a concrete plate Z having let=ral ribs 3 in this embodiment. The conti:.uous side face cf the concrete plate 2 is indicated by 2' . Both the concrete plate 2 and its r_bs 3 are reinforced. For the concrete plate 2, the cross reinfor-,.ement net s is visible at the upper left corner of figure 1.
The reinforced concrete ri~os 3 carry nailer-forming wooden ledges ~' casted thereon. The element shown in figure 1 has also a wooden beam S extending alone its upper edge.
Between the ribs 3 are formed cavities 5 countersunk in relation to one side face of the element as represented througrl the front faces of the wooden ledges 4' . These cavities 6 are shaped in order to receive loose soft insulation mats 7.
when the insulation mats ? are embedded, card board 8 forming vapour barrier i~ nailed thereon. Thin wooden ledges 9 are nailed on the outside of the card board plates 8 using the wooden loges ~' as nai'_ing strips.
Tie element 1 may therea-_ter be provided with e.g. panel 1G, buidling or covering plates o.r the like, nailed thereon.
It appears from figure ~ that the main reinforcement, the - ~r j ;~'~TE SHEET
a filet ~ , ! S c0.~.i1°C taG' t'C ~ 1 png~t~ d; nal rel:l~OrClng r.~~d 11 , e.~. in tile form Of .. ~O-Called Cam Steel, whereto arc welded short reinforcing bows or inclined struts i?, the connection betw2~n ~a :rain reinforcement net :~ and the bows 12 being effac=ed ov means of ordinary binder wire or in any other convenient wav.
The continuous ..fide face 2' of the concrete plate 2 opposite the ribs 3 and the wooden ledges ~', may be plain. However, wherever another surface structure is desired, e.g. when shingle, facing, etc. ~s being used, this ~... verv easy: to perform in connection with the production process according to the present invention already when, the element is still occupying the casting mould, giving rise to large productiontechnical advantages concerning the surface treatment.
Figure Z snows a short sector of a longitudinal cross-section through a casting mould, here represented by the bottom 13 and two adjacent lateral cavity boxes 14, the top edge of the mould being indicated at 13' . The cavities which are defined by the cavity boxes 14 and are to serve for t~.e reception of subseauently embedded loose soft insulation mats 7, are indicated at 15.
For the manufacturing of elements having lateral or longitudinal cavities 15 for soft insulation mats, the method is as follows:
An upward open rectangular mould 13,13' is used having permanent cavity boxes 14 placed with a spacing corresponding to the width of the nailer-forming wooden ledges 4' desired to be used. When manufacturing most types of elements, the cavity boxes 14 will extend in the lateral direction or the mould. For floor elements and tall walls only, a longitudinal orientation of the cavity boxes 1~ will '~ ~~ ~ ~3TE SHEE1 be pr°ferred.
ibi ~~ ~i a~;
Between the cavity boxes 14 are embedded wooden 'edges ih.aVlng a L1'llC:CilE.'SS eqLlal tG Gui;i a fraCt~On Cf the I'lPlgClt OL
the cavity boxes 14 and the width of wh_ch being adapted to the spacing between the cavity boxes 11, so that the wooden ledges ~' when sestina against the botLOm 13 cf the mould with their future front face, fill said spacing entirel,~.
The wooden ledges =~' are thereafter at each end connecte~to the cam steel 11 by means of in per se known clips to having a spike 1~ which is driven into the wooden ledge 4' .
T~Ihen this is done, the reinforcement net 4 is placed and fixed at appropriate level below the top 13' of the mould through the connection to the upright reinforcing bows 12 welded to the cam steel 11. The upper ends of the bows 12 are attached to tre reinforcement net 4 by means of common birder wire.
The casting mould is thereafter ready to receive the concrete supplied from above b=r means of e.g. a production jib movable in the longitudinal direction of the mould; said jig may be a multi-function jig (for the application of mould oil, hoisting og possibly transportation. or the finished element, etc.). During the casting process, the wooden ledges 4' are secured by casting to the concrete ribs 3, which are reinforced partially through the cam steel, partially through the bows 12, simultaneously as the wooden ledges are connected to the reinforcement.
After the mould has been filled with concrete, the top concrete surface is freely accessible to be worked en in non-hardened!hardened condition; this in contrast with prior art casting technique wherein the concret surface 2' is formed at the bottom 13 of the mould.
~~~'~JTE SHEET
iu figur2 ~, the SpaCings bet.Jee.~. ad~aCe~lt CaVlt:/ bOXes 1:1 are indicated at 18. A cavity frame 19 for a resulting window cavity is placed upon some cavity bones and has suspended lugs ?0 shaped to engage into the spacing 13 and seal the same with regard to the cavity frame 19, so that concrete cannct penetrate into the frame 19 via said spacings. Arcund cavities for doors; windows, nailing ledges (not shown) are placed. Additionally, one may place beams at the resulting top edge and possibly at the bottom edge. of the element to be manufactured.
The attachment of the cam steel 11 and the bows i2 on the wooden ledges 4' may take place optionally prior to the embedment of the wooden ledges ~' into the mould o~_.
subesequent to their embedment into the same.
~~,~;~!'~~1~'E SHEET
Claims (3)
1. A method for the manufacturing of an insulatable reinforced, plate-shaped building element, such as a foundation, wall, roof, ceiling or floor element, substantially consisting of concrete, one side face layer thereof being constituted by a reinforced, plate-shaped concrete layer, containing a cross reinforcing net extending parallel to the external side face of said concrete layer, accurately spaced therefrom, the other side face of the plate-shaped building element comprising nailing strips in the form of spaced apart wooden lists connected to the reinforcement of said plate-shaped building element as well as joining said plate-shaped concrete layer through spaced apart concrete ribs reinforced by means of separate reinforcing members included in said reinforcement, and wherein said plate-shaped building element, for subsequent embedment of insulation mats, is provided with countersunk, laterally open cavities, and wherein is used a rectangular, horizontally orientated casting mould having a bottom as well as lateral walls and end walls, said casting mould having a length corresponding to either the length/height of use of the resulting, plate-shaped building element or to a multiple of said length/height of use, and wherein the used casting mould is provided with spaced cavity boxes adapted to form said countersunk, laterally open cavities concreted into the plate-shaped building element, said cavity boxes being spaced correspondingly to the width of said nailing-strip-forming wooden lists, said wooden lists being disposed into said casting mould in spaces defined between spaced adjacent cavity boxes, resting against the upwardly facing bottom face of the mould, said wooden lists being connected to said separate reinforcing members, followed by embedment of said cross reinforcing net within said mould, the correct positioning thereof parallel to said plate-shaped element's opposite side faces being established by means of said separate reinforcing members which, to that end, are connected to said cross reinforcing net, said separate reinforcing members then serving as spacers and connectors for said cross reinforcing net within said mould; thereupon, ready-mixed concrete being poured into the upwardly open mould and allowed to harden, said plate-shaped building element, upon hardening of the concrete, being removed from the mould.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein any working of the upwardly facing, external face of said plate-shaped concrete layer, representing the freely accessible top surface of the plate-shaped building element, is effected while the latter is still occupying its position within said casting mould.
3. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said insulatable plate-shaped building element is a construction element intended to be used as a wall element, exhibiting at least one through-going cavity for at least one window or door, the manufacturing process including the use of at least one square cavity frame adapted to form a window or door cavity, and intended to be placed on top of the aforesaid cavity boxes within said could, as well as including the use of at least one further cavity frame, equipping said further cavity frame with suspending lugs, positioning said lugs such as to let each of them engage into a space defined between adjacent cavity boxes, so that said spaces are sealed in respect of said further cavity frame, thus preventing concrete from penetrating into the latter.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO893418 | 1989-08-25 | ||
| NO89893418A NO893418L (en) | 1989-08-25 | 1989-08-25 | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A BUILDING ELEMENT. |
| PCT/NO1990/000135 WO1991002862A1 (en) | 1989-08-25 | 1990-08-21 | A method of manufacturing an insulated/insulatable reinforced building element in concrete |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2064893A1 CA2064893A1 (en) | 1991-02-26 |
| CA2064893C true CA2064893C (en) | 1999-11-09 |
Family
ID=19892345
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002064893A Expired - Fee Related CA2064893C (en) | 1989-08-25 | 1990-08-21 | A method of manufacturing an insulated/insulatable reinforced building element in concrete |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0593431B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE135072T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU642155B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2064893C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69025775T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2086410T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI96982C (en) |
| HU (2) | HUT64126A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO893418L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991002862A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2699578B1 (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1995-03-17 | Georges Eftimion | Modular sandwich type panels. |
| SG10202107902RA (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2021-09-29 | Seng Wong | Composite structural wall and method of construction thereof |
| CN105926843A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-07 | 河北晶通建筑科技有限公司 | Ribbed prestressed thin plate as well as casting mold and casting method thereof |
| IT201600105943A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-21 | Federico Sazzini | METHOD FOR REALIZING A PREFABRICATED PANEL FOR A FLOOR AND ITS PREFABRICATED PANEL |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1215293A (en) * | 1958-11-14 | 1960-04-15 | Improvements to processes for the production of concrete floors | |
| FR1432294A (en) * | 1965-05-03 | 1966-03-18 | Prefabricated panel intended for the construction of individual houses, or collective buildings | |
| BE714016A (en) * | 1968-04-22 | 1968-09-16 | ||
| SE368846B (en) * | 1972-10-04 | 1974-07-22 | A Betong Ab | |
| FR2229830B1 (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1982-01-29 | Sibel Ste Francaise | |
| SE416572B (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1981-01-19 | Ankarswedshus Ab | HOUSE WALL CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT |
| ES8607800A1 (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1986-06-01 | Hunkeler Ludovic | Aggregate cement construction element and method and device for making the same. |
| FR2580015A1 (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-10 | Silix Cie Davum Dfc | Floor element and insulating floor comprising such elements |
-
1989
- 1989-08-25 NO NO89893418A patent/NO893418L/en unknown
-
1990
- 1990-08-21 EP EP90912341A patent/EP0593431B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-21 WO PCT/NO1990/000135 patent/WO1991002862A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-08-21 DE DE69025775T patent/DE69025775T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-21 ES ES90912341T patent/ES2086410T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-21 AT AT90912341T patent/ATE135072T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-21 HU HU9200541A patent/HUT64126A/en unknown
- 1990-08-21 AU AU61692/90A patent/AU642155B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-08-21 HU HU9200541A patent/HU212543B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-21 CA CA002064893A patent/CA2064893C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-02-19 FI FI920708A patent/FI96982C/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI96982B (en) | 1996-06-14 |
| HUT64126A (en) | 1993-11-29 |
| HU212543B (en) | 1996-08-29 |
| NO893418D0 (en) | 1989-08-25 |
| NO893418L (en) | 1991-02-26 |
| DE69025775T2 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| EP0593431B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
| CA2064893A1 (en) | 1991-02-26 |
| ATE135072T1 (en) | 1996-03-15 |
| AU642155B2 (en) | 1993-10-14 |
| DE69025775D1 (en) | 1996-04-11 |
| FI920708A0 (en) | 1992-02-19 |
| AU6169290A (en) | 1991-04-03 |
| EP0593431A1 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
| WO1991002862A1 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
| ES2086410T3 (en) | 1996-07-01 |
| HU9200541D0 (en) | 1992-06-29 |
| FI96982C (en) | 1996-09-25 |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |