Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
  • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
  • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
  • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2207/00—Control
  • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
  • F23G2207/101—Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
  • F23G2207/1015—Heat pattern monitoring of flames
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2207/00—Control
  • F23G2207/20—Waste supply
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2207/00—Control
  • F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
  • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
  • F23N2229/20—Camera viewing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
  • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for detecting the radiation emanating from at least two spatially separated points in a combustion process and regulating the combustion process as a function of the detected radiation.
• the grate furnaces are becoming increasingly important, as they are particularly suitable for combustion 'of Hull.
• the firing power controls are limited when they intervene in the Firing on the allocation of the primary air usually supplied from below to the grate, the secondary air supplied above the grate and the conveying speed of the feeder with which the waste is supplied to the grate, and the conveying speed on individual grate zones if such a different conveying speed is provided is.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring combustion which generates automatically ascertainable evaluation criteria for the progress of combustion and enables automation of the control.
• This object is achieved in that, in order to detect the radiation from a combustion on a grate, the radiation emanating essentially from individual combustion grate zones of the grate is detected and, depending on the radiation detected, the primary air supplied to the individual combustion zones and / or the
• Transport speed of the fuel is regulated in individual zones.
• thermographic process it is possible to record the temperature of the material bed formed on the grate over a large area, that is, to map a two di meni ona Len temperature course in individual grate zones and thus, depending on the recorded temperature image, the primary air supplied to the individual combustion zones and / or the transport speed of the To regulate fuel in individual zones.
• the zoning can be done not only in the funding direction, but also across the funding direction.
• the temperature profile recorded for the individual zones is compared to a predetermined temperature profile and used to form the corresponding control signals.
• the grates considered in the case of the present application include in particular the single-lane or multi-lane feed grates, in which fixed and movable grate bars alternate in each grate path.
• the zone subdivision is achieved here by different primary air supply.
• These also include single or multi-lane-level grates, wherein the grate gradations overturning and breaking up of the fuel ski CHT cause and in which each grate element determines a grate zone in which the primary air 'jewei time Abbrandfort suits can be adapted to.
• Such a zone division without gradation is also realized in the so-called burnout grates.
• the invention can also be used with traveling grates, * roller grates, push-back grids, counter-rotating slide grids and the Scdazzling Lrosten.
• the traveling grates with a rotating conveyor, the feed speed can only be regulated together for all zones, but a zone-by-zone primary air supply is possible.
• the invention is also directed to a device for detecting the radiation emanating from at least two spatially separated locations of a combustion process by means of a detector device, with an evaluation device downstream of the detector device and the control device downstream of the evaluation device for influencing the combustion process.
• the invention has further set itself the task of making this device suitable for use on a combustion grate and to improve the combustion on the grate.
• the detector device detects the radiation of individual grate zones corresponding to the material bed temperature and adjusting devices for the supply of primary air and / or for the individual grate zones which are separately adjustable
• Transport speed of the fuel in the material bed through individual grate zones are assigned.
• the detector device can preferably have at least one thermographic or infrared camera, which detects the radiation of several rust zones at the same time.
• thermography camera With a thermography camera, the material bed can be detected over a large area and with the camera downstream evaluation devices, the material bed can be assigned isotherms that are either restricted to individual zones or over several zones.
• two infrared cameras are provided, each of which is a side wall of the combustion chamber are assigned and capture the same bed surface. This provides redundancy and thus security of the control.
• thermographic e-camera which covers the bed over a large area
• the detector device may comprise a multiplicity of individual detectors, which are assigned in groups to individual rust zones and certain product bed temperature ranges or temperatures.
• the detectors are preferably arranged transversely to the conveying direction of the grate.
• Photodiodes, rod detectors and thermocouples can be used as single oil detectors.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a
• FIG. 2 a view of the grate zones with two thermographic cameras arranged on the side with an isothermal distribution that is unfavorable for combustion
• FIG. 3 a view comparable to FIG. 2 with an optimal isothermal distribution for combustion
• FIG. 4 a top view comparable to FIG. 2 and 4 3, however, without a thermographic e-camera, but with a group of individual detectors.
• FIG. 1 shows a furnace 1 with a step feed grate 2 as described in the applicant's brochure "Combustion technology - feed grate” (P 8303-05-13 / 1 IDG).
• the feed grate 2 has five combustion zones A, B, C, D and E, the zones B and C or D and E being separated from one another by a stage 3 or 4.
• FIG. 1 is shown schematically that the movable grate bars of the individual zones A - E are each assigned to a Rostsch Li tten 5.
• the grate slides A5 - E5 can be moved back and forth via schematically illustrated hydraulic drives A6 - E6.
• the kiln in particular MÜLL, is fed into the grate 2 via a funnel 7 and a likewise hydraulically actuated distributor 8, specifically to the feed zone 8 ".
• the allocation zone 8 'and the combustion zones A - E with movable grate bars are each associated with underwind zones 9 and A9 - E9, to which primary combustion air can be supplied via control lines 9' and A12 - E12.
• the flue gases rising from the combustion grate 2 can still be supplied via a line 12 and control flaps 12 'and 12 "secondary air via several nozzles 13.
• thermographic cameras 15a and 15b are arranged in such a way that they cover substantially the entire rectangular area of zones B, C and D. This can be achieved with an imaging and focusing opti, not shown, but common in the field.
• thermography cameras 15 are connected to an evaluation circuit 16 which, as schematically represented by the arrow S, specifies the desired temperature profile in the area of the three monitored zones B, C and D. Monitoring can also be extended to the other zones or to two adjacent or separate zones are restricted; this depends on the desired level of monitoring and regulation.
• the evaluation circuit 16 is connected to the drives A6 - E6 for the feed and the flaps A12 - E12 for the primary air supply. It is also possible that the evaluation circuit also controls the flap 9 * for the primary air zone 9, the flap 10 'for the total primary air volume, the drive of the component 8 and the caps 12 * and 12 "for the secondary air.
• FIG. 2 shows a course of combustion along and transversely to the grating direction VS of the grate, which does not lead to optimal combustion.
• the temperature range with assumed here highest combustion temperature is too far forward, ie essentially in the zone B, and is located in the "zone D, an area while a lower temperature than in the hot zone, but a lower temperature should here be achieved already .
• thermography cameras 15 record the two di ensi ona le radiation distribution in the area of zones B - D and the evaluation circuit compares the resulting isotherms according to FIG. 2 with the predetermined target isotherms, as shown in FIG. 3 are shown.
• zones B, C and D are assigned individual detectors arranged in groups, each of which emits an output signal when a predetermined temperature or a predetermined temperature range prevails in its field of vision.
• the grate is designed in three lanes, i. H. In the individual zones, partial zones are formed transversely to the feed direction, e.g. B. BI, BII and BIII. These sub-zones can be assigned separate feed devices and / or separate primary air feeds. Each of the sub-zones is assigned a detector assembly 17 with individual detectors 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d, each of which detects a separate temperature range.
• thermographic camera compared to the use of a thermographic camera, a certain digitization of the signals corresponding to the temperatures has already been achieved, so that the evaluation circuit 16 can be significantly simplified.
• groups of detectors are also cheaper than thermography cameras.
• the evaluation circuit which is connected downstream of a thermographic camera, can be designed such that individual paths are taken into account in the evaluation.
• Appropriately designed focusing optics can be assigned to the entire assembly 17 or the individual elements are so that the individual sub-zones z. B. BI, BII and BIII to the extent necessary, as shown in FIG. 4 is outlined.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6373977

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (11)

Families Citing this family (11)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1989
  • 1989-02-14 DE DE3904272A patent/DE3904272C3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1990
  • 1990-02-12 WO PCT/EP1990/000225 patent/WO1990009552A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1990-02-12 EP EP90903013A patent/EP0458822B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-02-12 DE DE59009747T patent/DE59009747D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-02-13 DD DD90337796A patent/DD292068A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (5)

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