WO1989011904A1 - Procede et installation pour la separation par voie seche de substances nocives contenues dans des gaz de fumee - Google Patents

Procede et installation pour la separation par voie seche de substances nocives contenues dans des gaz de fumee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989011904A1
WO1989011904A1 PCT/DE1989/000331 DE8900331W WO8911904A1 WO 1989011904 A1 WO1989011904 A1 WO 1989011904A1 DE 8900331 W DE8900331 W DE 8900331W WO 8911904 A1 WO8911904 A1 WO 8911904A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
flue gas
gas stream
oxide
solids
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1989/000331
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Remmers
Original Assignee
Thyssen Industrie Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssen Industrie Ag filed Critical Thyssen Industrie Ag
Priority to KR1019900700194A priority Critical patent/KR900701373A/ko
Priority to BR898906995A priority patent/BR8906995A/pt
Priority to IN142/BOM/89A priority patent/IN168820B/en
Publication of WO1989011904A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989011904A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8659—Removing halogens or halogen compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the simultaneous dry separation of solid and gaseous substances from flue gases or plants which develop old flue gases corresponding to pollutants, such as firing boilers, converters, rotary furnaces or the like, absorbents being added to the flue gas stream React pollutants and are separated in a filter together with the solids carried by the flue gas stream.
  • pollutants such as firing boilers, converters, rotary furnaces or the like
  • absorbents being added to the flue gas stream React pollutants and are separated in a filter together with the solids carried by the flue gas stream.
  • the invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the method with a furnace, a converter, a rotary kiln or the like, with a flue gas or exhaust gas duct emanating therefrom, which has a device for adding absorbents and at least one filter.
  • a simultaneous dry separation of solid and gaseous substances from flue gases is known. Absor bentien z. B. lime or lime products, added to the flue gas stream. The absorbents react with gaseous pollutants carried by the flue gas, such as. B. sulfur, fluorine, chlorine and the like. The lumpy or dust-like reaction products are deposited on a filter which has filter elements which consist of fabrics made of full, plastics or glass fibers. Such Filte elements can only be used up to temperatures of approx. 220 ° C. It is therefore necessary to cool the flue gas stream to a correspondingly low temperature before entering the filter. This requires complex measures, especially if the cleaned flue gases then have to be heated up again, because z. B. a gastrubine to be operated.
  • the object of the invention is to simultaneously separate dry the gaseous substances and the solid substances (dusts) from waste gases (process gases), in particular flue gases, the pollutants.
  • the absorbents are added to the flue gas stream at temperatures above 250 ° C. and are deposited at these temperatures together with the solids in a filter made of ceramic fibers or perforated metal foils.
  • the deposition can take place in the temperature range between 250 ° and 900 ° C., preferably between 300 ° and 600 ° C. and in certain cases between 450 ° and 500 ° C.
  • Filter elements made of ceramic fibers or perforated metal foils are readily stable at these temperatures.
  • cooling of the hot flue gases to a temperature below 220 ° C. can also be dispensed with. It is also no longer necessary to heat the flue gases after the dry separation.
  • the reactions between the absorbents and the pollutants carried by the flue gases run faster.
  • a system for carrying out the method regularly consists of a firing boiler or a converter or a rotary kiln or the like and a flue gas or exhaust gas duct emanating therefrom which has a device for adding absorbents and at least one filter.
  • This system is characterized according to the invention in that the filter has filter elements made of ceramic fibers and / or perforated metal foils.
  • the stability of the filter elements in particular with respect to pressure loads, such as occur primarily in steel-producing converters as a result of deflagrations, can be improved by reinforcements which can be made of steel, aluminum, plastics or the like.
  • filter elements made of metal foils, these should have openings of 3 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the size of the opening can be determined in accordance with the respective grain sizes.
  • Such filter elements made of ceramic fibers or metal foils can in particular also be used for the separation of nitrogen oxides NO x if gaseous ammonia NH 3 is added to the flue gases in a manner known per se and if the ceramic fibers or the metal foils with active catalytic ones are additionally added Materials are coated.
  • the coating can consist of titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide or the like.
  • the reactions between nitrogen oxides NO x , ammonia NH 3 and oxygen 0 2 under the action of the catalytic materials then take place in a known manner.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a plant for the simultaneous dry separation of gaseous and solid pollutants from flue gases
  • 2 shows a system for the simultaneous dry separation of gaseous and solid pollutants from the flue gases of a furnace.
  • 1 shows a converter 1 for the production of steel or non-ferrous metals, from which a flue gas duct 2 originates.
  • the flue gas duct 2 is initially U-shaped vertically upwards and then again vertically downwards.
  • Conventional waste heat boilers 3, 4 are accommodated in the two U-legs of the flue gas duct 2, in which the flue gases are cooled to temperatures of approximately 500 ° C.
  • the waste heat boilers essentially consist of pipes through which water flows, not shown, the water absorbing heat from the hot flue gas and generally being heated up to the steam stage for later heat recovery, e.g. B. for power generation.
  • a baffle plate 5 At the end of the vertically downward section of the flue gas duct 2 there is a baffle plate 5, on which coarse-grained solids, which are carried along by the flue gas stream, collect.
  • These coarse-grained and possibly also fine-grained solids are discharged from the flue gas duct 2 with a discharge device 6 and collected in a silo 7. From the silo 7, these solids after solidification, e.g. B. by briquetting or pelleting (pressing device 18), the converter 1 can be abandoned, u. a. because these are ferrous solids. Even if these solids contain pollutants, they can be given to the converter because the pollutants can react with the process slags and then have become practically harmless.
  • the flue gas stream will then be used on its further path, e.g. B. fine-grained lime added.
  • Quicklime (CaO), white lime hydrate (Ca (OH) 2 ), and possibly also limestone (CaC0 3 ) can be used.
  • the grain band is in the range from approximately 2 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m grain diameter, preferably with a proportion of more than 50% of the grain size to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the absorbents are located in a container 8 and are added to the flue gas stream via a metering device 9 and nozzles 10 or the like. In FIG.
  • FIG. 2 ⁇ shows (nozzles 26).
  • the flue gas duct 2 is continued up to a filtering device 11, which includes four filters 12 connected in parallel in the embodiment shown.
  • the flue gas duct 2 and the filter device 11 are designed such that the gas velocity in the flue gas duct is approximately 16 to 20 m / s and in the filters 12 approximately 0.5 to 8 m / s.
  • Each filter 12 has filter elements 13 made from ceramic fibers and / or from perforated metal foils.
  • Filters made of grain-fiber ceramics are now commercially available with temperature resistance up to about 1,000 ° C. For example, they can be constructed in such a way that tufts of mineral fibers are insoluble in a rigid, rigid matrix made of silicon carbide grains, but are integrated in a movable manner.
  • Some of these filters are constructed as so-called surface filters, in which the coarse-pored, porous matrix of the filter element is made of silicon carbide, which generates almost no pressure loss and only serves as a rigid, self-supporting body for a membrane on the surface.
  • the membrane is made up of mineral fibers and silicon carbide grains. It is permanently attached to the carrier body and is only approx. 100 - 200 ⁇ m thick.
  • Such filter elements are easy to clean and also have a high temperature change independence.
  • Thin foils made of chromium-nickel steels can be used as metal filters, the perforations (openings) of which have a diameter of around 10-100 ⁇ m, depending on the size of the dust particles involved.
  • This perforation can be produced, for example, by means of laser beams.
  • Titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide and the like and mixtures thereof can be used as catalytically active materials for eliminating the pollutants.
  • the aforementioned catalytically active oxide materials can be introduced into the flue gas duct in the form of fine particles upstream of the filters 12.
  • the filter elements 13 are preferably and / or optionally additionally coated with the aforementioned catalytic materials.
  • the oxide mass to be applied can be produced, for example, in the following manner. Finely ground titanium oxide is first digested with sulfuric acid and then evaporated. The digested titanium oxide is then processed with the other catalytically active oxides (such as vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, etc.) to a paste-like mass by stirring the oxide mixture with ammonia water. This pasty mass can in the usual way, for. B. with a spatula, applied to the surface of the metal filter 13. After drying, the applied catalyst layer is stable up to about 500 ° C.
  • the other catalytically active oxides such as vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, etc.
  • the nitrogen oxides O ⁇ carried by the flue gases react with the injected gaseous ammonia NH 3 and oxygen to form nitrogen and water.
  • the absorbers added to the flue gas stream react on the way from the addition to the filter elements 13 with the pollutants carried by the flue gas and also in the area of filter cakes which form on the filter elements 13. The aforementioned coating of the filter elements 13 and the filter cake that forms protects the metal foils from any smoldering fires.
  • the solids separated dry in the area of the filters 12 are withdrawn from the filters 12 after they have been cleaned via locks 14 and transported to a silo 16 with the aid of a conveyor 15. They can be withdrawn from the silo 16 via a further lock 17 and fed to a landfill when the lock 17 is open, or can also be returned to the converter 1 (lock 37), preferably after solidification in the pressing device 18.
  • the cleaned fumes leaving the filter device 11 pass via a blower 19 to a switching device 20. From there, the cleaned flue gases are fed via a gas cooler 21 to a gas meter 22, from which they reach the respective consumers via a gas distribution station 23 (Gas line 35).
  • the gas supply lines 36 indicate that the gas from the gasometer 22 may also contain lower-calorific gases, e.g. B. blast furnace gas can be mixed. Flue gases that are not required can be fed and flared by the switching device 20 into a chimney 24, any hydrocarbons that are present also being eliminated.
  • lower-calorific gases e.g. B. blast furnace gas can be mixed. Flue gases that are not required can be fed and flared by the switching device 20 into a chimney 24, any hydrocarbons that are present also being eliminated.
  • the system shown in Figure 2 includes a firing boiler 25 to which the Rauchgaska channel 2 with waste heat boiler 3 (economizer) connects. Firing boilers are used in power plants to generate electricity. A fuel, such as coal or oil, is burned and steam is generated with the thermal energy obtained, which drives steam turbines to generate electricity.
  • a fuel such as coal or oil
  • the dry-cleaned gas stream then first passes through an air preheater 28 from which the preheated air (lines
  • the gas escaping from the chimney can be bottled, so that any hydrocarbon which is carried along is also eliminated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un procédé pour la séparation simultanée par voie sèche de substances solides et gazeuses contenues dans des gaz de fumée produits par des chaudières, convertisseurs, fours rotatif et similaire, des absorbants sont introduits dans le courant de gaz de fumée où ils réagissent avec les substances nocives, et sont séparés conjointement avec les substances solides entraînées dans le courant de gaz de fumée, dans un filtre (11). Si l'on veut éviter un refroidissement excessif des gaz de fumée avant la séparation par voie sèche, les absorbants doivent être introduits dans le courant de gaz de fumée à des températures supérieures à 250°C et séparés à ces températures conjointement avec les substances solides dans un filtre (11) constitué de fibres céramiques et/ou de feuilles métalliques ajourées. La matière recueillie lors du nettoyage du filtre peut être convertie en gypse ou partiellement recyclée.
PCT/DE1989/000331 1988-06-01 1989-05-26 Procede et installation pour la separation par voie seche de substances nocives contenues dans des gaz de fumee WO1989011904A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019900700194A KR900701373A (ko) 1988-06-01 1989-05-26 연소가스로부터 나온 유해물질을 건식으로 분리시키는 방법과 이 방법의 실행을 위한 장치
BR898906995A BR8906995A (pt) 1988-06-01 1989-05-26 Processo para a separacao a seco de substancias nocivas de gases de combustao e instalacao para a conducao do processo
IN142/BOM/89A IN168820B (fr) 1988-06-01 1989-05-31

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3818630A DE3818630A1 (de) 1988-06-01 1988-06-01 Verfahren zur trockenabscheidung von schadstoffen aus rauchgasen und anlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DEP3818630.6 1988-06-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989011904A1 true WO1989011904A1 (fr) 1989-12-14

Family

ID=6355605

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1989/000331 WO1989011904A1 (fr) 1988-06-01 1989-05-26 Procede et installation pour la separation par voie seche de substances nocives contenues dans des gaz de fumee

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0373210A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03502547A (fr)
KR (1) KR900701373A (fr)
CN (1) CN1039192A (fr)
AU (1) AU3733389A (fr)
BR (1) BR8906995A (fr)
CS (1) CS331589A3 (fr)
DD (1) DD289474A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3818630A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2012013A6 (fr)
IN (1) IN168820B (fr)
WO (1) WO1989011904A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA894118B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020182404A1 (fr) 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Sms Group Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de refroidissement et/ou de nettoyage d'un gaz de traitement s'échappant d'un convertisseur
US11987914B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2024-05-21 Unifrax I Llc Activated porous fibers and products including same

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19512030C2 (de) * 1995-03-31 1997-04-30 Heidelberger Zement Ag Verfahren zur Trockenentschwefelung von Rauchgasen
CN1067292C (zh) * 1996-04-19 2001-06-20 东南大学 一种易再生烟气脱硫脱硝剂及其制备、再生方法
DE19715244A1 (de) * 1997-04-12 1998-10-15 Abb Research Ltd Verfahren zur Reinigung von heissen Rauchgasen, Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sowie Anwendung des Verfahrens
DE102006059327A1 (de) 2006-12-15 2008-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Filtervorrichtung zur Reinigung partikelhaltiger Verbrennungsgase
DE102007004221A1 (de) 2007-01-27 2008-09-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur thermischen Umsetzung von Pellets oder Holzschnitzeln
CN106975353B (zh) * 2017-05-12 2019-11-12 惠州新玉环保科技有限公司 一种尾气处理机构及处理方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2199479A1 (en) * 1972-09-15 1974-04-12 Peabody Gci Absorbent/filter for gas or liquid - with powder absorber sandwiched between fibrous or open-cellular sheets, esp. used as continuous band
FR2512353A1 (fr) * 1981-09-05 1983-03-11 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Procede de traitement de produits finaux provenant d'une desulfuration de fumees
DE3516693A1 (de) * 1985-05-09 1986-11-13 Heinz Dipl.-Ing. 4390 Gladbeck Hölter Verfahren zur bestimmung der wirbelbetthoehe in feuerungsanlagen
WO1987001050A1 (fr) * 1985-08-16 1987-02-26 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Procede pour la separation des matieres deleteres solides et gazeuses contenues dans les gaz chauds
EP0218070A1 (fr) * 1985-09-06 1987-04-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Catalyseur pour la réduction des oxydes d'azote

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2199479A1 (en) * 1972-09-15 1974-04-12 Peabody Gci Absorbent/filter for gas or liquid - with powder absorber sandwiched between fibrous or open-cellular sheets, esp. used as continuous band
FR2512353A1 (fr) * 1981-09-05 1983-03-11 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Procede de traitement de produits finaux provenant d'une desulfuration de fumees
DE3516693A1 (de) * 1985-05-09 1986-11-13 Heinz Dipl.-Ing. 4390 Gladbeck Hölter Verfahren zur bestimmung der wirbelbetthoehe in feuerungsanlagen
WO1987001050A1 (fr) * 1985-08-16 1987-02-26 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Procede pour la separation des matieres deleteres solides et gazeuses contenues dans les gaz chauds
EP0218070A1 (fr) * 1985-09-06 1987-04-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Catalyseur pour la réduction des oxydes d'azote

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11987914B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2024-05-21 Unifrax I Llc Activated porous fibers and products including same
WO2020182404A1 (fr) 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Sms Group Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de refroidissement et/ou de nettoyage d'un gaz de traitement s'échappant d'un convertisseur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8906995A (pt) 1990-12-18
AU3733389A (en) 1990-01-05
ZA894118B (en) 1990-03-28
DD289474A5 (de) 1991-05-02
EP0373210A1 (fr) 1990-06-20
IN168820B (fr) 1991-06-15
DE3818630A1 (de) 1989-12-14
CS331589A3 (en) 1992-08-12
ES2012013A6 (es) 1990-02-16
JPH03502547A (ja) 1991-06-13
KR900701373A (ko) 1990-12-01
CN1039192A (zh) 1990-01-31

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