Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
  • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
  • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
  • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
  • A01G24/13—Zeolites
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
  • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
  • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
  • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
  • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
  • A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
  • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
  • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

• sewage sludge contains, inter alia, nitrogen, phosphate, potash and lime, that is to say substances which can be excellently used as plant nutrients and soil conditioners.
• the sewage sludge is hardly used for agriculture, especially since it contains heavy metals. These heavy metals are present in the sewage sludge in an oxidized form and are therefore in themselves harmless. Only when these heavy metal oxides are reduced in acidic mileage, i.e. when the original heavy metals reappear, can they damage plant growth and the quality of the harvested products. However, this acidic mileage is more or less given by the "acid rain" in the industrialized countries.
• This "acid rain” is the result of gaseous sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides which have been released into the air and which are already in the atmosphere during transport or after their deposition on the surface of the earth in the strong mineral acids sulfuric acid or nitric acid convert.
• sulfuric acid or nitric acid convert In strongly diluted solutions - as is the case, for example, with acidic precipitates - these strong acids have almost completely broken down into positively charged hydrogen ions and into the corresponding negatively charged anions, "dissociated”.
• These hydrogen ions now reduce the heavy detail oxides, with which contamination of the soil and possibly also of the plants growing thereon can then actually take place.
• the sewage sludge must therefore be stored in a landfill or burned or pyrolyzed.
• the soil in the industrial areas as well as the areas used for agriculture are already heavily heavy metal.
• the invention is based on the object of utilizing these sewage sludges using the plant nutrients contained in them in such a way that they are not harmful despite their heavy metal content. This is achieved by the fact that the determining proportion of the soil mixture is sewage sludge, that the sewage sludge is dewatered before bagging and that microorganisms as well as micro and small organisms are added to it if necessary, and that the bag prepared in this way is then added is buried in a planting pit.
• a similar utilization, among other things of sewage sludge, has become known from DE-OS 33 10 883. In this publication, for plant decoration on steep surfaces, walls, grids, parapets etc.
• the prepared sack is not hung up somewhere in isolation, but buried in a planting pit, that is to say sunk in the ground.
• the soil is nevertheless not polluted by the pollutants contained in the sewage sludge or the environment Exercise in the planting pit, especially not contaminated by heavy metals. This in any case avoids any danger to humans, animals, plants and soil from these heavy metals, which are now held together in a sack within the soil.
• the plant itself generally does not take up any heavy metals or only to an extremely small extent and only under the special conditions described above.
• Pasteurization not only kills germs, but also worms and worm eggs that could possibly harm the plant.
• Pasteurization can also be carried out in an extremely simple manner in such a way that the bags filled with sewage sludge are initially exposed to direct sunlight for a certain time at the generally sunny destination.
• the sewage sludge can also be disinfected by exposing it to ionizing radiation.
• the available radioactive isotopes of cobalt or cesium can serve as emitters.
• silica gel, diatomaceous earth, clay minerals and zeolites as well as polyalcohols (glycol, glycerin, hexitol) and polyacrylamides are proposed as water-storing or water-absorbing agents.
• this list is incomplete.
• Infusory earth or diatomaceous earth are used, but also pebble sponges, ground volcanic rocks and the like.
• the choice of these agents also depends very much on the place of use of the method according to the invention or the location of these water-absorbing agents. For example, if there are minerals on the job site, the sewage sludge will of course be mixed with clay minerals; if diatomaceous earth is found there, this can be added.
• the sewage sludge can of course also be mixed with the soil present there - sand, Kaiksplit etc. - or also with organic materials - tree bark, sawdust, leaves, etc.
• the sack is expediently made from a plastic film, it also being possible to use a plastic film which rots within a defined time.
• Plastic films coated on one side should be mentioned here in particular, which, when the applied layer comes into contact with water, dissolve the entire plastic. If the young plants are thus planted at the end of the rainy period in such an arid region, the next rainy period, which can only be calculated after a few months, can already dissolve the sack.
• the sack can also be made of paper or other organic materials, for example jute, given if mixed or with artificial plastic. Agents which disinfect the sewage sludge or also protect the planting, for example against root damage caused by small and very small organisms or being eaten by herbivorous animals, can also be incorporated into the sack material.
• the sack is expediently provided with openings above the sack bottom, the openings being slots, preferably in a V-shape.
• the V-shaped slots can be designed in such a way that a web remains at the tip of the V-shaped incision.
• the sewage sludge or "soil" exposed there can also be planted with lower grasses, preferably sweet grasses, etc.
• grass types that thrive in the protection of shrubs and bushes, which are supposed to grow in these sacks, and do not grow taller than a few centimeters.
• a selection can also be made here that is suitable for rejecting herbivorous animals. It is also recommended to use knotweed plants, in which heavy metals prefer to collect.
• the sewage sludge generally has a water content of about 95%.
• the sewage sludge is to be dewatered both to reduce the transport volume and to simplify handling to a still economically acceptable moisture level of, for example, 60%.
• the sewage sludge dewatered in this way with a dry substance of about 40% is puncture-proof and without difficulties

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Soil Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)
• Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6345222

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (10)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1988
  • 1988-01-14 DE DE19883800814 patent/DE3800814C1/de not_active Expired
• 1989
  • 1989-01-07 AU AU29362/89A patent/AU637315B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1989-01-07 EP EP19890901540 patent/EP0395724B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1989-01-07 JP JP1501446A patent/JPH03502162A/ja active Pending
  • 1989-01-07 WO PCT/EP1989/000009 patent/WO1989006486A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1989-01-10 MA MA21709A patent/MA21468A1/fr unknown
  • 1989-01-11 MX MX1448689A patent/MX170413B/es unknown
  • 1989-01-13 TR TR8289A patent/TR25057A/xx unknown
  • 1989-01-14 CN CN89100149A patent/CN1034357A/zh active Pending
  • 1989-01-15 EG EG1389A patent/EG19904A/xx active
• 1990
  • 1990-07-06 OA OA59817A patent/OA09457A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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