WO1987007941A1 - Circuit for operating a magneto-elastic sensor - Google Patents
Circuit for operating a magneto-elastic sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1987007941A1 WO1987007941A1 PCT/DE1987/000236 DE8700236W WO8707941A1 WO 1987007941 A1 WO1987007941 A1 WO 1987007941A1 DE 8700236 W DE8700236 W DE 8700236W WO 8707941 A1 WO8707941 A1 WO 8707941A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- circuit
- coil
- sensor coil
- circuit arrangement
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/243—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the phase or frequency of ac
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/023—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring distance between sensor and object
Definitions
- the invention is based on a circuit arrangement for operating a magnetoelastic sensor according to the type of the main claim.
- Ferromagnetic materials in particular amorphous metals or nickel-iron alloys, change their permeability in the direction in which tensile or compressive forces act on them. This so-called magneto-elastic effect is used to measure forces and torques.
- the change in permeability of the measurement object is detected by a sensor coil which is mounted so close to the measurement object that magnetic coupling takes place.
- a circuit arrangement for operating such a magnetoelastic sensor is known from patent application DE-P 35 34 460.1.
- An alternating voltage generator feeds a voltage divider circuit, which consists of the series connection of a resistor and the sensor coil, with an alternating current of a predetermined frequency.
- the voltage at the sensor coil is detected and evaluated.
- a change in the permeability of the material of the test object results in a change in voltage at the sensor coil, which represents a measure of the mechanical action on the test object.
- the Voltage on the sensor coil depends not only on the permeability of the measurement object but also on the distance between the sensor coil and the measurement object, since the magnetic coupling changes. A clear force measurement therefore requires a constant distance between the sensor coil and the test object.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that a change in the distance between the sensor coil and the measurement object has almost no influence on the sensor signal.
- the sensor coil is supplemented " with a" capacitor to form a resonant circuit, the damping of which is determined by a damping resistor.
- An AC voltage generator is provided for supplying energy to the resonant circuit.
- the resistance value of the damping resistance, the inductance of the sensor coil, the capacitance of the capacitor and the frequency of the alternating voltage generator are matched to one another in such a way that a change in distance with given measuring object material has almost no influence on the sensor signal.
- the resonant circuit can be designed as a series or parallel resonant circuit. It is particularly advantageous if the damping resistor is connected in series with a parallel resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor and a sensor coil. With this circuit A variant, if necessary a matching resistor between the resonant circuit and the AC voltage generator is superfluous.
- the sensor signal present at the sensor coil is expediently rectified and converted in a subsequent filter circuit into a direct voltage which is amplified to suitable values in a subsequent direct voltage amplifier.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention brings great savings in the sensor design, since precision mechanical parts are eliminated. Torque detection on rotating parts is easily possible. Until now, several sensors were required to carry out this measurement.
- FIG. 1 shows a magnetoelastic sensor consisting of a sensor coil and a measurement object
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit arrangement according to the invention for operating the magnetoelastic sensor according to FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 shows measurement voltages on the sensor coil as a function of the frequency of an AC voltage shown in FIG ⁇ generator. Description of the embodiment
- FIG. 1 shows a measurement object 10 which consists of a material which shows the magnetoelastic effect.
- a tensile force 12 is exerted on the measurement object 10.
- a sensor coil 16 is arranged at a distance 14 from the measurement object 10.
- FIG. 2 shows an AC voltage energy source 20, which consists of an AC voltage generator 22 and an internal resistor 24.
- the AC voltage is available at the two connections 26, 28.
- a parallel circuit consisting of the sensor coil 16 and a capacitor 30 is connected to the two terminals 26, 28 via a damping resistor 32.
- a sensor signal 3 can be removed from the sensor coil 16.
- the sensor signal 34 is fed via a diode 36 to a filter circuit 38 consisting of a filter capacitor 40 and a bleeder resistor 42.
- the sieved signal voltage 44 passes via a * Depth bergeran Aunt 46, which is formed of a resistor 48 and a Tiefharikondensator 50, arrangement of a Verellr ⁇ 52.
- the amplifier arrangement 52 is formed as inverting Ope ⁇ rationsverMarchr circuit 54 whose gain with the two Resistors 56, 58 is adjustable.
- FIG. 3 shows a functional relationship between the frequency (f) of the alternating voltage generator 22 and the sensor signal 34 (U).
- a different distance 14 between the sensor coil 16 and the measurement object 10 and a different tensile force 12 are provided as parameters.
- the two curves 60, 62 are based on a different distance 14 of the measuring coil 16 from the measuring object 10, whereby in each case no tensile force 12 is exerted on the measuring object 10.
- the curve 60 is based on a larger distance 14 than the curve 62.
- the two curves 60, 62 intersect at an intersection 64.
- the two curves 66, 68 are obtained when a tensile force 12 is exerted on the measurement object 10.
- the curve 66 is based on a greater distance 14 than the curve 68.
- the two curves 66, 68 intersect at an intersection 70.
- the two intersections 64, 70 lie almost one above the other in the ordinate direction. They are at a frequency F of the alternating voltage generator 22.
- the AC voltage energy source 20 generates a current flow in the sensor coil 16.
- the alternating magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the winding of the sensor coil 16 detects the measurement object 10, so that the electrical properties of the sensor coil 16 are influenced by the measurement object 10.
- the permeability of the test object 10 determines the inductance of the measuring coil 16. Since the permeability of ferromagnetic substances changes under 1 tensile or compressive load and under torsional stress, the mechanical stress state of the test object 10 can be measured without contact.
- the measurement object 10 can be made entirely of ferromagnetic material, for example, but it is also possible to apply a thin layer of ferromagnetic material to the surface of a non-ferromagnetic part.
- the inductance of the sensor coil 16 is also a function of the distance of the coil 16 from the measurement object 10. A smaller distance results in a higher inductance.
- the electrical properties of the measuring coil 16 are determined by a second effect.
- the alternating magnetic field induces 10 eddy currents into the metal surface of the measurement object Cause the inductance to decrease.
- the influence of the eddy currents is also a function of the distance between the sensor coil 16 and the measurement object 10. Both effects increase with the distance 1 decreasing.
- the curve 60 shown in FIG. 3 is associated with a specific distance 14 between the sensor coil 16 and the measurement object 10 of, for example, 0.6 mm.
- the amplitude of the alternating voltage sensor signal 34 is shown as a function of the frequency f of the alternating voltage generator 22.
- the test object 10 is initially relieved, there is no tensile force 12.
- the curve 60 goes into the Curve 66 over, the distance 14 is still 0.6 mm.
- the maximum of curve 66 is shifted towards a higher frequency f than the maximum of curve 60.
- a tensile force 12 acting on the measurement object 10 brings about a reduction in permeability. Depending on the material, an increase in permeability can also result.
- the two following measuring processes are carried out with a smaller distance 14 of, for example, 0.2 mm between the coil 16 and the test object 10.
- the smaller distance 14 increases the influence of the eddy currents and at the same time increases the influence of the permeability of the measuring object 10 on the measuring coil 16.
- the result is curve 62, the maximum of which is shifted towards a lower frequency f than that of curve 60.
- the two curves 60, 62 have an intersection 64 at a specific frequency F.
- the action of a tensile force 12 leads, starting from curve 62, to a result which curve 68 shows.
- the tensile force 12 reduces the permeability of the measurement object 10, as a result of which the maximum of curve 68 is shifted towards a higher frequency f compared to the maximum of curve 62.
- the curve 68 intersects the curve 66 at the intersection 70, which is almost at the frequency F.
- the traces 60, 62, 66, 68, which are a function of frequency f, show that at a certain frequency F, the height of Sensor ⁇ signal 34 almost ⁇ only the mechanical stress condition of the measuring object 10, but not on the distance 14 depends between the sensor coil 16 and the measurement object 10.
- the two intersections 64 and 70 are not exactly, but only approximately at the determined frequency F.
- the positions of the intersection points 64, 70 depend on the material properties of the measurement object 10, which are predefined.
- the suitable choice of the measuring frequency f, which becomes the value F, the inductance of the measuring coil 16, the capacitance of the capacitor 30 and the resistance value of the damping resistor 32 largely eliminate the distance dependence of the measurement result.
- the experimentally found values are fixed and apply to a specific material of the measurement object 10.
- the sensor signal 34 -the present as an AC voltage having the specific 'frequency F, is rectified by the diode 36th
- the filter element 38 smoothes the rectified, pulsating AC voltage.
- the filter capacitor 40 is supplemented by the parallel resistance 42. Without the resistance 42, only peak value detection would be possible.
- a remaining ripple of the signal is eliminated by the low-pass filter 46, which consists of a resistor-capacitor combination 48, 50.
- the DC voltage occurring after the low-pass filter is amplified to a desired signal level in an amplifier arrangement 52, so that the signal voltage assumes a value which is proportional or almost proportional to the sensor voltage 3.
- An inverting amplifier circuit with an operational amplifier 54 is used, whose amplification
- the parallel resonant circuit shown in FIG. 2 consisting of the measuring coil 16 and the capacitor 30, it is also possible to use a series resonant circuit.
- the sensor signal 34 is also tapped at the measuring coil 16 in a series resonant circuit.
- the damping widgets and 32 can also be connected in parallel to the measuring coil 16 if the AC voltage energy source 20 is designed as a current source.
- the circuit variant shown in FIG. 2, in which the damping resistor 32 is connected in series with the parallel resonant circuit has the advantage that the AC voltage energy source 20 can be designed as an AC voltage generator 32 with an internal resistor 24. This version largely corresponds to the practical circumstances.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019880700185A KR880701368A (ko) | 1986-06-18 | 1987-05-22 | 자기-탄성 센서 작동용 회로 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863620412 DE3620412A1 (de) | 1986-06-18 | 1986-06-18 | Schaltungsanordnung zum betreiben eines magnetoelastischen sensors |
DEP3620412.9 | 1986-06-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1987007941A1 true WO1987007941A1 (en) | 1987-12-30 |
Family
ID=6303211
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1987/000236 WO1987007941A1 (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1987-05-22 | Circuit for operating a magneto-elastic sensor |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0310606A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH01503000A (de) |
KR (1) | KR880701368A (de) |
DE (1) | DE3620412A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2006169A6 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1987007941A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4200871C1 (en) * | 1992-01-15 | 1993-05-06 | Wolfgang 8045 Ismaning De Drahm | Determn. of mechanical stress conditions of measuring tubes of flow meter |
US6249234B1 (en) | 1994-05-14 | 2001-06-19 | Absolute Sensors Limited | Position detector |
US20030062889A1 (en) | 1996-12-12 | 2003-04-03 | Synaptics (Uk) Limited | Position detector |
US6788221B1 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 2004-09-07 | Synaptics (Uk) Limited | Signal processing apparatus and method |
EP0985132B1 (de) | 1997-05-28 | 2005-11-09 | Synaptics (UK) Limited | Verfahren und drahtbond-vorrichtung zur herstellung eines wandlers |
GB9720954D0 (en) | 1997-10-02 | 1997-12-03 | Scient Generics Ltd | Commutators for motors |
GB9721891D0 (en) | 1997-10-15 | 1997-12-17 | Scient Generics Ltd | Symmetrically connected spiral transducer |
GB9811151D0 (en) | 1998-05-22 | 1998-07-22 | Scient Generics Ltd | Rotary encoder |
AU769964B2 (en) | 1998-11-27 | 2004-02-12 | Synaptics (Uk) Limited | Position sensor |
US7019672B2 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 2006-03-28 | Synaptics (Uk) Limited | Position sensor |
EP1412912B1 (de) | 2001-05-21 | 2008-06-18 | Synaptics (UK) Limited | Positionssensor |
WO2003105072A2 (en) | 2002-06-05 | 2003-12-18 | Synaptics (Uk) Limited | Signal transfer method and apparatus |
GB0319945D0 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2003-09-24 | Synaptics Uk Ltd | Inductive sensing system |
EP2145158B1 (de) | 2007-05-10 | 2018-03-07 | Cambridge Integrated Circuits Limited | Wandler |
DE102010005550A1 (de) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung mechanischer Eigenschaften magnetostriktiver Materialien |
GB2488389C (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2018-08-22 | Cambridge Integrated Circuits Ltd | Position sensing transducer |
GB2503006B (en) | 2012-06-13 | 2017-08-09 | Cambridge Integrated Circuits Ltd | Position sensing transducer |
DE102018102380A1 (de) | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-08 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Elektromechanischer Aktuator |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3417893A1 (de) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-07-18 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Anordnung zum beruehrungslosen nachweis bzw. zur beruehrungslosen messung mechanischer spannungszustaende von maschinenteilen |
-
1986
- 1986-06-18 DE DE19863620412 patent/DE3620412A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-05-22 JP JP62503128A patent/JPH01503000A/ja active Pending
- 1987-05-22 KR KR1019880700185A patent/KR880701368A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-05-22 WO PCT/DE1987/000236 patent/WO1987007941A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-05-22 EP EP87903249A patent/EP0310606A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1987-06-17 ES ES8701783A patent/ES2006169A6/es not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3417893A1 (de) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-07-18 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Anordnung zum beruehrungslosen nachweis bzw. zur beruehrungslosen messung mechanischer spannungszustaende von maschinenteilen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Band MAG-16, Nr. 5, September 1980, IEEE, (New York, US), I.J. GARSHELIS: "Displacement Transducer using Impedance Variations Due to Core Torsion", seiten 704-706 siehe das ganze dokument * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0310606A1 (de) | 1989-04-12 |
DE3620412A1 (de) | 1987-12-23 |
KR880701368A (ko) | 1988-07-26 |
JPH01503000A (ja) | 1989-10-12 |
ES2006169A6 (es) | 1989-04-16 |
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