WO1987007248A1

WO1987007248A1 - Process and device for treating objects

Info

Publication number: WO1987007248A1
Application number: PCT/DE1987/000248
Authority: WO
Inventors: Oliver Sieke
Original assignee: Oliver Sieke
Priority date: 1986-05-31
Filing date: 1987-05-29
Publication date: 1987-12-03
Also published as: DE3618412A1; AU7434787A

Abstract

Process and device for treating objects by using electrical high-voltage discharges in a gaseous medium, in particular oxygen. It is the task of the invention to provide a technically simple method of producing, for example, ozone and/or other chemical or physical changes to gases, liquids, pastes or solids - including also ionized gases - in an open discharge path, which is safe to handle and can be used, even on the bodies of humans and animals, for medical and cosmetic purposes, as well as for destroying bacteria, viruses and similar. In addition, the invention makes it possible to bring about chemical reactions initiated by oriented discharge, on and in surfaces, which can be used, for example, for forgery-proof identification. The invention consists in effecting high-frequency discharges in rapid succession with a high-frequency electric a.c. or pulsed current, in allowing the spark discharges to move in only one direction and in accelerating, during the spark discharge, the gas and/or gas components or other particles, preferably ions, produced during spark discharge, in accordance with the direction of the electric field and moving these on or over the surface of the target object.

Description

Method and device for treating objects

The invention relates to a method and a device for treating objects with the production of chemical or physical changes in gases, liquids, pastes or solids, using high-voltage electrical discharges in a gaseous medium, in particular oxygen.

The purpose of the invention is the treatment of objects with the production of chemical or physical changes in solids, liquids, pastes or gases, in particular ozone, using high-frequency currents at high voltages in a gaseous medium. This medium contains, for example, oxygen, which is converted into ozone. In principle, this method and this device can also be used for the chemical and / or physical conversion of other materials in different states of matter. In the following, however, the generation of ozone will be discussed as an example. The production of ozone for medical purposes, as well as for technical and cosmetic purposes, is mainly carried out by so-called "silent discharges" in a room filled with air or oxygen. This space is usually designed as a chamber in which high-voltage discharge tubes are housed. Air or oxygen is passed past these. The stream of this gas is then directed to the point of use. In this way, part of the ozone generated is already lost again, since the decay time for ozone is quite short and since the flow velocity of the gas may only be low so that sufficient ozone is formed in the gas in the discharge chamber.

The state of the art in medical apparatus construction has used the so-called "silent discharge" according to Siemens to manufacture Oson to this day. Medical oxygen is led past discharge tubes and fed to the application site via a pipe system. These tubes work with alternating voltages from 3,000 to 12,000 volts. These voltage discharges are life-threatening for humans and animals and must be kept carefully separate from them.

In medicine, the importance of introducing gas particles, e.g. Ozone or electrolytically processed pharmaceuticals, more and more recently. The effects of ozone are now undisputed in the medical and technical sectors. So-called ozone therapy has its place in therapeutic treatments. The spectrum of applications ranges from ozone treatment for blood exchange to fumigation of wounds to psychological treatment with ozone. The findings of germ killing and the medically positive cell stimulations play a role here.

Ozone is also such an important gas for medicine because it is used in humans immediately after its intended use and animal harmless connections disintegrates. The decay time of ozone is very short and starts immediately after it is generated. The proportion of the required gas mixture decreases with every centimeter of distance between the place of use and the place of production.

A great difficulty with the use of ozone is the problem of exact dosing. The concentration of the ozone fraction is determined by the device after the oxygen has been swept along, rarely across, once to the direction of flow and remains set as a fixed setting regardless of tube changes or environmental influences on the device. The dosage of the ozone used is one of the most important factors in ozone treatment.

In addition to the possibility of generating ozone by means of the "silent discharge" according to Siemens, there are also a number of ways of discharging electrical energy in other ways, especially via spark gaps. Here too, ozone is formed, but in most cases at the same time high proportion of by-products that the open electrical discharge is not suitable for ozone production.

The open discharge of high-frequency alternating current generated in a Tesla transformer in various couplings, for example galvanically, is also known. The primary coil of the Tesla transformer is the coil of a damped oscillation circuit through which high-frequency alternating current flows. The secondary coil forms, together with the capacitor to be charged, an oscillating circuit, the frequency of which corresponds to that of the generator. A resonance transformer is often used as the current source. The oscillation frequency at the discharge path is, for example, in the order of 100 kHz. at such frequencies, the currents flowing over the discharge path are low. Therefore, the use of the open discharge gap fed by a Tesla transformer has not been included in the technology for the generation of ozone and ionized gases.

The invention avoids the disadvantages shown. It is the object of the invention to provide a technically simple way of producing e.g. To create ozone and / or other chemical or physical changes in gases, liquids, pastes or solids - including ionized gases - in an open discharge path that can be handled safely and even on the human and animal body for medical and cosmetic purposes and for destruction of bacteria, viruses, bacteria and the like is applicable.

In addition, with the aid of this invention, there is the possibility of causing chemical reactions on and in surfaces initiated by directional discharge, which e.g. can serve as tamper-proof labeling.

The invention consists in carrying out successive spark discharges of high frequency with a high-frequency electrical alternating or pulsed current, that the spark discharges are only allowed to run in one direction, that products and / or product parts, preferably ions, which arise during the spark discharge, in the Accelerated direction of the electric field and moved on or over the surface of the target object.

A spark gap fed by a Tesla transformer is preferably used to generate these spark discharges. Since the sparks are only allowed to run in one direction, surfaces of the objects to be treated can be treat objects directly with the ozone or other gases or vapors generated. Despite the high voltages, the process is harmless to humans, since the flowing currents are very low and the frequency is very high.

This method enables exact dosing of the supplied ozone or generated gas, specifically by switching off the high-frequency alternating or pulsed current, e.g. counts electronically and switches off the power supply to the discharge path after a certain number has been exceeded.

The method is additionally influenced by the controllable and polarizable DC voltage to be applied to the object, and the DC current source can also be external.

The present invention fulfills all practical requirements:

With the help of suitable electronic circuits, such as that of a Tesla transformer, harmless high voltage between lo.ooo and approx. 5o.ooo volts is generated. The directional spark discharge is achieved by means of suitable electrical or electronic circuits, for example high-voltage diodes. A suitable gas, such as oxygen, is brought into the area of the spark discharge (flat or peaks). The volume is coordinated with the number of discharges. Oversupply of oxygen is not critical, since the amount of ozone produced depends on the number of discharges that can be precisely coordinated and counted. The distribution of the spark discharges regulates itself because the discharges are always looking for new ways. Depending on the application, peak discharges or surface discharges must be selected. So far, ozone dosing has been treated practically without the need to take decay time into account. The special effect lies in the combination of ozone formation and the introduction of gas particles with the help of the directed Tesla discharge. The directional discharge accelerates the gas particles towards a target object. The accelerated gas particles, mainly ions, accumulate in the surface area of the target object and / or penetrate in the surface area due to the interaction. Portions of kinetic energy and / or diffusion. The effect of the penetration flow itself is influenced by the design of the device and possibly another correspondingly applied DC voltage.

The device according to the invention for the treatment of objects is characterized in that the device for generating chemical or physical changes in gases, liquids, pastes or solids consists of a high-frequency resonant circuit constructed from inductance and capacitance, a spark gap assigned to it and from one into the Inductance feeding electrical energy via a second inductance, controlled by a switch supply circuit, is that the spark gap current is associated with switching elements that only flow in one direction and that one electrode of the spark gap on the object to be treated or as the potential of the object, the other sparking electrode is located directly next to the object.

This device thus essentially consists of a Tesla transformer which can be regulated in voltage and / or current intensity and of electrical or electronic circuits for generating special directed voltage or current pulses of various characteristics with or without a DC voltage component. The DC voltage component can also be increased Electrodes on the object are built up by an external voltage source or circuit. The electrodes of the spark gap and the direct current source can be specially designed according to the object and can be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the object.

The material of the electrode (carrier) can consist of different materials depending on the application, e.g. Gold, silver, platinum, or other conductive or non-conductive substances, e.g. Pharmaceuticals etc.

Likewise, the electrode can be designed such that in

Inside the casing there is also a solid, liquid or gaseous medium, e.g. Argon.

The electrode can be designed in such a way that it is seated in a holder capable of being subjected to pressure or torsion and can be extended, extended and pushed as desired.

Depending on the desired effect on an object and on the object to be treated, it is expedient if the spark-emitting and / or receiving electrode is in the form of a pointed, a grid, a braid, a ring or a preferably earthed touch electrode to be attached to the object is trained.

For the treatment of very small objects, such as, for example, for the medical or cosmetic treatment of skin points, an electrode structure can be expedient in which the sparking electrode is a tip electrode which is preferably arranged centrally in an oxygen-conducting tube. In this version, too, a pressure or mechanical pencil-like electrode design is recommended. The spark-receiving electrode can be the human body, to which a touch electrode is placed at some point, but which should not be too far from the point to be treated. However, this is not absolutely necessary since the counter electrode can also be the entire body with its potential.

An advantageous electrode design for a flat treatment, in which the electrode can be moved, consists in the fact that the electrode consists of a plurality of wires or rod-shaped conductors which are arranged in parallel and exit or enclosed from a dielectric material with their ends and that the dielectric material is parallel to the electrodes Electrodes carrying oxygen channels are provided.

For other treatment purposes, it may be advantageous if the electrode consists of a grid or wire mesh, which on the side facing away from the counterelectrode is made of a dielectric material, preferably a deformable material such as e.g. a pillow or cushion is supported. With such a device, which is to be placed like a pillow, skin fungi can be quickly and easily destroyed.

In order to have a suitable width of the spark gap, it is advantageous if the electrode on the side facing the counter electrode is covered by an air-permeable object, preferably a textile, a perforated, preferably soft and / or elastic material.

For simple handling during the treatment, it may be expedient if the air-permeable object carries an electrode, preferably a contact electrode, on the side facing away from the electrode. It is also advantageous if the supporting dielectric material has channels for the passage of oxygen.

For technical or medical applications, it may be expedient if an electrode is arranged in a dielectric material which at least partially surrounds it and which changes into the gaseous state under the influence of electrical discharges, the dielectric material being a solid which is brought into the gaseous state Is able to have healing effects. The same also applies to the design of the electrode itself as an electrically conductive or non-conductive solid, from or via which the discharges take solid, gas or liquid particles with them and transport them in the desired manner in terms of process.

if liquids are to be brought into the influence of electrical discharges in order to bring them into the vaporous or gaseous state or to ionize them by the electrical charges, it is expedient if the electrode is assigned a drop dispenser or atomizer.

For special applications, this method also enables the method-specific treatment of solid, pasty or liquid substances applied to the counterelectrode.

The essence of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a Tesla transformer with an activated spark gap for the generation of ozone, 2 shows an electrode arrangement for the treatment of skin points, with DC electrodes being able to be applied at the same time,

3 shows an electrode for the treatment with a flowing oxygen / ozone mixture,

4 in front view,

5 is a side view of a device for flat treatment,

6 an electrode applied to a film, FIG. 7 in front view,

8 is a side view of a treatment pillow,

9 in front view,

Fig. 10 in side view of a device for flat

Treatment in which the electrodes are completely surrounded by insulating material,

11 in front view,

12 shows a side view of an embodiment of the device for surface treatment, in which the Fuhken course passes through the oxygen channels, FIG. 13 shows a section through an electrode through which a pasty mass is passed, which is decomposed in the spark discharge,

14 an section of an electrode that can be pushed out of the handle, FIG. 15 an electrode with the possibility of supplying liquid into the spark gap,

16 shows an insulated tip electrode.

In the device of FIG. 1, a generator 1 is used to generate vibrations which are fed to a resonance circuit , which consists of a capacitor 2 and an inductor in the form of the coil 3. The generator 1 can consist of a low-frequency transformer 4, which is preceded by a choke 5. The coil 3 serves as the primary winding of the Tesla transformer, to the secondary winding 6 of which the discharge or Fuhken stretch 7 is connected. High-voltage diodes 9 are installed in the lines 8 leading to the spark gap 7. This ensures that the spark discharge is always only in one direction. In the spark gap 7, the electrode 10 is the spark-emitting electrode, the electrode 11 is the spark-receiving electrode. A switch 12 is installed in the resonant circuit, with which the system can be put out of operation by closing the switch, by opening the switch.

This switch 12 is expediently designed as an electronic switch. It is switched on via the button 13 and switched off again via the circuit 14, which switches off the switch-off process after a certain set number of oscillations on the basis of the oscillations counted with the oscillation detector 16 in the oscillation counter 15.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2, a skin point on a human hand is to be treated with the aid of the sparking electrode 10. For this purpose, a touch electrode 11 is placed on the wrist. To further influence the effect, the electrodes of an external DC voltage source are applied in accordance with the desired polarity.

If the oxygen in the air surrounding the object is not sufficient for ozone formation, the electrode arrangement of FIG. 3 is used: Here, for example, the coated electrode is lo inner arranged half of a tube 18 from an insulator, in which the electrode 10 is kept at a distance with spacers 19. Oxygen is passed through the tube and is led out of the opening 20, from which the tip of the electrode 10 looks out.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 4 and 5, a series of parallel wires are arranged in or on a dielectric material as the electrode, which are connected to one another by a wire 23 which is connected to one end of the secondary winding 6. A series of channels 24 extend through the dielectric material, through which channels oxygen is led into the intermediate space between the wires 21 serving as electrodes.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6, an electrode 10 in the form of a loop or serpentine line is applied to a film 25. In special applications, this arrangement can also be spiral.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 7 and 8, a wire mesh 27 is applied as a sparking electrode to a foam pad 26 through which channels 24 pass and is covered by a perforated cover 28 made of insulating material. At the edge, the foam pad 26 carries a touch electrode 29, which rests on the human skin, even if the perforated cover 28 rests on the human skin. The foam pad 26 is attached to the front open end of a chamber 30 into which oxygen is continuously supplied. This electrode device is used for the cosmetic treatment of human skin, it destroys bacteria, viruses, but also fungi and others.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 9, the tips of the electrodes are completely surrounded by the insulating material 34. in which the Electrodes 21 and channels 24 are embedded. The discharges take place here through the insulating material 34.

In the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 11 and 12, the electrodes 21 are hook-shaped at their tips 35, the hooks being directed toward both sides in the case of middle electrodes 21. These hooks can be completely surrounded by the insulating material 34. The sparking occurs here in the ends of the channels 24, so that strong ozone formation occurs immediately at the end of the channels 24 and the sparks run through the channels 24 onto the external object.

The electrode 10 of FIG. 13 is arranged in a handle 36 which is made of insulating material. The electrode 10 is hollow. The cavity widens at the end facing away from the tip 33 to a chamber 36 which is filled with a pasty mass which can be expressed by the piston 37. This pasty mass is pressed out by the thumb pressure on the displaceable piston 37 from the tip 33, where this pasty mass comes under the influence of the sparks and is changed physically or chemically by these and is carried onto the spark-receiving object.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 14, a solid electrode 40 is displaceably arranged in the handle 36 in the central channel 39. It receives 42 current from the Tesla transformer through the supply cable. The slide mechanism 41 is pushed outward by thumb pressure on the protruding pin 43 of the slide mechanism. The solid of the solid electrode 40 is gradually broken down under the influence of the sparks generated at the tip, and the broken down particles are conducted to the spark receiving object. 15 is in the handle 36 from the embodiment Insulated a hollow electrode 43 housed, which is extended at its end to the chamber 44, in which a liquid is located. The chamber 44 is closed by the cover 45. This is advantageously made of a soft material such as rubber or the like and allows it to be deformed by pressure. By pressing this cover 45, liquid is brought out of the chamber 44 through the tubular electrode 43 which is formed in the form of a tube. This liquid is atomized, ionized or otherwise chemically or physically treated under the influence of the sparking at the tip of the electrode 43 and carried by the sparks onto the spark-receiving object.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 16, the handle 36 completely surrounds the electrode 10. Here the discharge takes place through the tip of the handle 36.

Claims

Expectations:

1. A method for the treatment of objects using electrical high-voltage discharges in a gaseous medium, in particular oxygen, characterized in that short-term successive Fuhken discharges are carried out at high frequency with a high-frequency electrical alternating or pulsed current, that the spark discharges are only allowed to run in one direction , and that gas and / or gas parts or other particles, preferably ions, which arise during the discharge of the Fuhken are accelerated in accordance with the direction of the electric field and are moved onto or over the surface of the target object.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one influences the current and / or voltage characteristic of the discharges with suitable circuits.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one counts the individual discharges after switching on the high-frequency alternating or pulse current and switches off the power supply to the discharge path after a certain number has been exceeded.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharges via solid, liquid, pasty or gaseous media on at least one electrode or the object to be treated can make their way.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the same time further electrodes, which are connected to a direct current source, are attached to or next to the target object.

6. Device for treating objects with electrical discharges and / or with particles generated in electrical discharges, consisting of a device for generating discharges in a gaseous medium, in particular containing oxygen, and electrodes, characterized in that the device for generating the discharges consisting of a high-frequency resonant circuit built up of inductance (3) and capacitance (2), a discharge or spark gap (7) assigned to it, and of one which feeds electrical energy into the inductance (6) via a second inductance (3), of one Switch (12) controlled supply circuit is that the discharge or spark gap (7) current is assigned only in one direction flowing and / or influencing the switching elements (9) are assigned, and that the one electrode (11) of the spark gap (7 ) on the object to be treated, the other sparking electrode (lo) immediately next to the object t is arranged.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the spark-receiving electrode (11) is designed in the form of a tip, a grid, a mesh, a ring or a preferably earthed touch electrode to be attached to the object.

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the sparking electrode is a tip electrode which is preferably arranged centrally in an oxygen-conducting tube.

9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrode consists of a plurality of parallel arranged, in or of a dielectric material with its ends emerging wires or rod-shaped conductors and that in the dielectric material parallel to the electrodes gas and / or liquid leading channels are provided are.

10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrode consists of a grid or wire mesh, which on the side facing away from the counter electrode by a dielectric material, preferably a deformable, such as. a pillow or cushion is supported.

11. The device according to .Anspruch 6 or 10, characterized in that the electrode on the side facing the counter electrode is covered by an air-permeable object, preferably a textile, a perforated, preferably soft and / or elastic material.

12. The device according to claim 6 or 10, characterized in that that the supporting dielectric material (34) has channels (24) for the passage of gas or liquid.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the air-permeable object (28) on the side facing away from the electrode (27) carries an electrode (29) which is preferably designed as a touch electrode.

14. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that an electrode (10) is arranged in a completely or at least partially surrounding dielectric material, which preferably changes into the gaseous state under the influence of electrical discharges.

15. Gate direction according to claim 6, characterized in that an electrode (lo) itself consists of a conductive material which changes into the gaseous state under the influence of electrical discharges.

16. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that an electrode (10) is arranged in a dielectric material completely or at least partially surrounding it and the space between the electrode and the casing is filled with solid, liquid pasty or gaseous substances which are influenced by electrical Discharge into the gaseous state.

17. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that an electrode (10) is arranged in a dielectric material that completely or at least partially surrounds it, and solid, liquid or pasty substances are applied to this sheathing, which change into the gaseous state under the influence of electrical discharges.

18. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrode is associated with a drop or atomizer.

19. Door direction according to claim 1, characterized in that only a single electrode (10) is provided for the treatment.

20. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that perforated channels run along the electrodes which emit substances which change into the gaseous state under the influence of electrical discharges.

21. The device according to .Anspruch 6, characterized in that the electrode (10) is designed so that it sits in a mechanical or mechanical pencil-like holder (36) and can be extended and extended depending on wear or need.