Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
  • B63B21/24—Anchors
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
  • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
  • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
  • E02D5/803—Ground anchors with pivotable anchoring members
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
  • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
  • E02D5/80—Ground anchors

Definitions

• An object of the present invention is to provide an anchor plate which overcomes this problem but without substantially increasing the resistance of the plate when being driven downwardly into the ground.
• a ground-anchoring system comprising an anchor plate which, in use, is driven edge-first into the ground by a driving tool, the plate being secured to one end of a flexible anchor line, characterised in that a projecting portion of the plate is Retained in a first cocked position when driving the plate downwardly into the ground, the said portion being subsequently released from its cocked position to resist reverse upward movement of the plate when the driving tool is withdrawn and the anchor line is tensioned.
• the projecting portion of the anchor plate preferably extends rearwardly from a trailing edge of the plate.
• the extended portion In its cocked position the extended portion is generally aligned with the plate, the angle being generally in the range of 0 to 15° and preferably less than 10°. It therefore offers minimum resistance to the downward movement of the plate into the ground.
• the angle In its released position, on the other hand, the angle increases and generally lies in the range of 20° to 60° with a preferred range of 30° to 45°.
• the increased angle brings the rear edge of the extended portion into contact with the side of the hold produced by the downward movement of the plate, and the plate therefore pivots about this rear edge into a skew position across the hole when the anchor line is tensioned.
• the extended portion is preferably resiliently biased into its released position but may alternatively fall freely into the released position when the driving tool is removed. It may comprise a deformable strip projecting from the trailing edge, or it may be hinged to the trailing edge. In either case it is preferably retained in its cocked position, by a co-operating portion of the driving tool so that it is automatically released when the tool is withdrawn.
• Fig. 1 is a front elevation view of an anchor plate fitted with an anchoring strap
• Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the plate and strap
• Fig.3 shows the plate being driven into the ground by a driving tool
• Fig. 4 shows the skew position of the plate when the strap is subsequently tensioned after driving the plate ' into the ground.
• a generally flat, wedge-shaped anchor plate 10 includes a pair of slots 11, 12 for receiving a flexible anchoring strap 13.
• a looped end of the strap 13 is inserted through the lower slot 12 from the rear side (as viewed in Fig. 1), and is then fed back through the upper slot 11.
• a split elongate retaining ring 14 receives the looped end and prevents the strap being withdrawn from the slots.
• An elongate socket 15 is welded to the front side of the plate 10 for receiving an extended driving rod 22 (Fig. 3) of an hydraulic hammer tool (not shown) such that the leading edge 30 of the plate can be driven downwardly into the ground.
• the rod 22 fits into the socket with a loose push fit and maintains the plate 10 aligned with the rod in a substantially vertical orientation when driving the plate into the ground.
• a flap 17 projects rearwardly from the trailing edge 18 of the plate 10.
• a longitudinally split hollow tube 19 is welded to the trailing edge 18 and pivotally mounts a spindle 20 secured to a central portion 21 of the flap.
• the flap 17 is thereby hinged to the trailing edge 18 and is movable through an angle determined by the width of the slit in the tube 19. It is resiliently-biased by springs 23 into the position shown in full outline in Fig. 2, the angle & 2 being approximately 40°. The other extreme position is shown by the chain-dot outline in Fig. 2, the angle 17 ⁇ _ being approximately 5°.
• Figs. 3 and 4 The operation of the system is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.
• the object being anchored (not shown) is attached to the top end of the strap 13.
• the driving rod 22 of the hammer tool is then inserted into the socket 15.
• the hinged flap 17 To insert the rod into the socket, the hinged flap 17 must first be moved back against its resilient bias into the cocked position shown in full outline in Fig. 3.
• the rod 22 once inserted in socket 15 then holds the flap 17 in its cocked position against the bias of spring 23, the rod being accommodated by the recess 31 (Fig. 1) in the rear edge of the flap.
• the hammer is then actuated to drive the plate 10, strap 13 and rod ' d 22 into the ground, the location of rod 22 in socket 15 maintaining the plate aligned in the rod with a generally vertical orientation as shown in Fig.
• the rod 22 is withdrawn from socket 15 and the flap 17 automatically springs into the position shown in chain-dot outline in Fig. 3.
• the serrated rear edge 24 of the flap digs into the side of the hole 25 and thereby resists reverse upward movement of the plate.
• it immediately provides a fulcrum about which the plate 10 is forced to pivot to a skew position as shown in Fig. 4 when the strap 13 is subsequently tensioned by lifting forces applied to the object being anchored. This action ensures that the plate is immediately locked in its skew position and cannot be pulled back up the hole.
• the centre of gravity of the plate 10 is positioned above the lower slot 12 so that the plate will tend to rotate in the direction shown by the arrows in Fig. 4 when the rod 22 is withdrawn from socket 15. This further assists in urging the serrated- edge 24 of flap 17 into engagement with the side of the hole 25.
• a short bar 26 welded to the ring 14 spaces the strap 13 from the rear face of the plate 10 so that an additional turning moment is applied in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 4 when the strap 13 is tensioned.
• the forces on the plate are such that it continues to rotate into a generally horizontal locked position as the rear edge 24 of the flap 17 digs further into the side of the-hole.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Priority Applications (9)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10555748

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (22)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (9)

• 1984
  • 1984-01-30 GB GB848402362A patent/GB8402362D0/en active Pending
• 1985
  • 1985-01-21 ZA ZA85476A patent/ZA85476B/xx unknown
  • 1985-01-28 KR KR1019850000519A patent/KR920004622B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-01-28 IN IN53/CAL/85A patent/IN163404B/en unknown
  • 1985-01-29 DE DE8585900713T patent/DE3563366D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-29 ES ES1985292838U patent/ES292838Y/es not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-29 BR BR8505004A patent/BR8505004A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-01-29 EP EP85900713A patent/EP0169872B1/en not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-29 IT IT03318/85A patent/IT1202134B/it active
  • 1985-01-29 NZ NZ210978A patent/NZ210978A/en unknown
  • 1985-01-29 AU AU38876/85A patent/AU575621B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-29 GB GB08523488A patent/GB2162562B/en not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-29 JP JP85500571A patent/JPS61501404A/ja active Pending
  • 1985-01-29 WO PCT/GB1985/000041 patent/WO1985003319A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1985-01-29 MX MX204170A patent/MX162095A/es unknown
  • 1985-01-29 CA CA000473114A patent/CA1239006A/en not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-30 IE IE219/85A patent/IE56388B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-09-30 NO NO85853862A patent/NO166292C/no unknown
  • 1985-09-30 DK DK441785A patent/DK156993C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-09-30 FI FI853771A patent/FI83982C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-09-30 OA OA58690A patent/OA08109A/xx unknown
• 1990
  • 1990-01-15 SG SG31/90A patent/SG3190G/en unknown
  • 1990-02-22 HK HK145/90A patent/HK14590A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (9)

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