WO1985000996A1 - Method and composition for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers - Google Patents

Method and composition for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1985000996A1
WO1985000996A1 PCT/US1983/001303 US8301303W WO8500996A1 WO 1985000996 A1 WO1985000996 A1 WO 1985000996A1 US 8301303 W US8301303 W US 8301303W WO 8500996 A1 WO8500996 A1 WO 8500996A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compound
woodpeckers
birds
repelling
poles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1983/001303
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Samuel J. Tomlinson, Sr.
Edward E. Dean
Leon M. Adams
Original Assignee
Southwest Research Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Southwest Research Institute filed Critical Southwest Research Institute
Priority to PCT/US1983/001303 priority Critical patent/WO1985000996A1/en
Priority to AT9086/83A priority patent/AT391055B/en
Priority to GB08509650A priority patent/GB2154880B/en
Priority to BR8307750A priority patent/BR8307750A/en
Priority to CA000436360A priority patent/CA1206875A/en
Publication of WO1985000996A1 publication Critical patent/WO1985000996A1/en
Priority to DK177385A priority patent/DK162500C/en
Priority to FI851563A priority patent/FI70113C/en
Priority to CH1694/85A priority patent/CH664556A5/en
Priority to SE8501914A priority patent/SE453452B/en
Priority to NO85851624A priority patent/NO157121C/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
    • A01M29/12—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using odoriferous substances, e.g. aromas, pheromones or chemical agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M19/00—Apparatus for the destruction of noxious animals, other than insects, by hot water, steam, hot air, or electricity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers, from certain selected areas or sur ⁇ faces. In one of its more specific aspects, it relates to a method for reducing or preventing damage to wooden utility poles and the like by woodpeckers.
  • Woodpecker damage to wooden poles and cross-arms has plagued the utility industry for many years. Not only is the damage costly, but the holes in the poles cause a weakening effect and also make them dangerous for linemen to climb. The extent of this damage is more widespread than is commonly realized and it has been estimated that the chiselling damage done by woodpeckers is more costly than that caused by wind, lightning, and icestorms combined. The seriousness of the problem of woodpecker damage is a long standing one and the literature contains many reports on stratagems for which utility companies have spent very substantial sums in an effort to solve this problem. Among these are:
  • an area or surface from which birds are to be repelled has a chemical compound applied to it in an amount effective to repel the birds.
  • the compound to be applied has the following formula:
  • R is a methyl, ethyl or propyl group.
  • the preferred chemical compound is isophorone which technically is 3,5, 5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-one-l.
  • the specific compound corresponds to the general compound wherein the Rs are all methyl groups. Its physical properties are well known and it is readily available on the open market. While it is con ⁇ sidered to be somewhat toxic to human beings, and contact with the skin and eyes is to be avoided, it is not considered a dangerous industrial hazard due to a low vapor pressure of about 0.2 millimeter at 20°C.
  • the repellent of this invention can be applied as a rela ⁇ tively pure compound, or in combination with a carrier or other inert materials.
  • Solvents, emulsions or carriers can be used which are substantially inert with respect to the com ⁇ pound.
  • solvent carriers which can be used, if desired, are various hydrocarbon fractions such as the naphthas. Since this ketonic material is only slightly soluble in water, it can be made up into an aqueous emulsion using suitable emulsifiers or wetting agents and the emulsion applied to the areas from which the birds are to be repelled.
  • the compound can also be absorbed on suitable solid carriers, such as various clays, and applied as a dust, preferably with an adhesive to hold the carrier in place.
  • the compound While the compound has a low vapor pressure and enjoys a substantial effective life even when applied so as to be con ⁇ tinuously exposed to the atmosphere, it may be advantangeous to apply it in such a manner so as to be substantially iso ⁇ lated from the atmosphere to further increase its effective life.
  • One effective method of accomplishing this is to encap- sulate the compound using techniques well known to the encap ⁇ sulation art.
  • the resulting capsules comprising discrete portions of the compound encased in insoluble impervious sheaths can be applied to a selected area or surface in any desired manner.
  • the capsules can be mixed with an adhesive or paint and applied to the surface to be pro ⁇ tected.
  • the compound is thus shielded from the atmosphere so that vaporization is substantially eliminated and the capsule can remain in place for long periods of time.
  • an attack on such surface by a woodpecker or the like will cause at lease some of the capsules to be ruptured thus releasing the compound for performing its repelling function.
  • the compound can also be applied in admixture with a suitable coating material, such as latex paint, which hardens to trap the compound within -the hardened coating and to substantially isolate it from the atmosphere.
  • a suitable coating material such as latex paint
  • the amount of the ketonic compound to be applied should be sufficient to repel birds, especially woodpeckers, over an extended period of time. Since the compound has a very low volatility, it will remain in place over long periods of time during which it is effective in its repelling activity.
  • the amount to be used can vary over a wide range depending on the
  • the desired period of its effectiveness and other factors usually an amount within the range of 0.5 and 3 ounces of the compound per square foot of surface is desirable. If the compound is encapsulated, the lower end of the range can be, for example, 0.1 ounce per square foot of surface. The high side of the range is usually dictated by economics.
  • EXAMPLE I An aviary was constructed and two golden front adult wood ⁇ peckers were housed in it. A test pole (untreated) was placed in the aviary at the same time the birds were released therein so pecking and territory claims could be started. After a conditioning period of some six months, a new creosote impregnated distribution class electric power pole was placed in the aviary with one half of the top half of the pole painted with isophorone the other half was left unpainted. Approximately 100 cubic centimeters of the isophorone was used over a surface area of approximately 500 square centimeters. On the night of the original application, a heavy rainfall was received and two days later an additional 50cc of isophorone was painted over the test area.
  • the woodpeckers were fed with a feed ration consisting of live mealworms (worm, larvae and beetle), hen layer pellets and dog food pellets.
  • the hen layer pel-lets and the dog food pellets were fed ad-lib and the mealworms were fed daily (50 to 100 each) on top of the ad-lib ration.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

A method for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers from selected areas or surfaces which comprises applying isophorone to such areas or surfaces.

Description

._
This invention relates to a method for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers, from certain selected areas or sur¬ faces. In one of its more specific aspects, it relates to a method for reducing or preventing damage to wooden utility poles and the like by woodpeckers.
Woodpecker damage to wooden poles and cross-arms has plagued the utility industry for many years. Not only is the damage costly, but the holes in the poles cause a weakening effect and also make them dangerous for linemen to climb. The extent of this damage is more widespread than is commonly realized and it has been estimated that the chiselling damage done by woodpeckers is more costly than that caused by wind, lightning, and icestorms combined. The seriousness of the problem of woodpecker damage is a long standing one and the literature contains many reports on stratagems for which utility companies have spent very substantial sums in an effort to solve this problem. Among these are:
1. Lashing the holed section of old poles to the tops of new poles or letting old poles stand lashed to' the new poles. The theory underlying this was that the birds would prefer the older wood to the new freshly creosoted wood. The birds did not agree.
2. Tacking red flannel streamers and vaned metal strips to the poles. This repelled the birds briefly, apparently until they assured themselves these devices were harmless.
3. Wrapping the poles with hardware mesh cloth or with various sheetings such as plastic sheeting. This was largely ineffective in that the woodpeckers simply tore large holes in L e hardware lυth to get at the wood. Wrapping the poles with other material failed for a similar reason.
4. Applying chemical repellents.
It has long been desired to solve this problem by simply applying a chemical repellent to the poles which would cause the woodpeckers to avoid pecking on them. Hundreds of dif¬ ferent chemicals have been reported to have been tried but none have been entirely successful for various reasons including inadequate repelling power or, if the repelling power was sufficient, failure to remain in place in effective amounts over extended periods of time.
In accordance with this invention, an area or surface from which birds are to be repelled has a chemical compound applied to it in an amount effective to repel the birds. The compound to be applied has the following formula:
C(0)CH:C(R)CH2C(R)2CH2
wherein R is a methyl, ethyl or propyl group. The preferred chemical compound is isophorone which technically is 3,5, 5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-one-l. The specific compound corresponds to the general compound wherein the Rs are all methyl groups. Its physical properties are well known and it is readily available on the open market. While it is con¬ sidered to be somewhat toxic to human beings, and contact with the skin and eyes is to be avoided, it is not considered a dangerous industrial hazard due to a low vapor pressure of about 0.2 millimeter at 20°C.
The repellent of this invention can be applied as a rela¬ tively pure compound, or in combination with a carrier or other inert materials. Solvents, emulsions or carriers can be used which are substantially inert with respect to the com¬ pound. Examples of solvent carriers which can be used, if desired, are various hydrocarbon fractions such as the naphthas. Since this ketonic material is only slightly soluble in water, it can be made up into an aqueous emulsion using suitable emulsifiers or wetting agents and the emulsion applied to the areas from which the birds are to be repelled. The compound can also be absorbed on suitable solid carriers, such as various clays, and applied as a dust, preferably with an adhesive to hold the carrier in place.
While the compound has a low vapor pressure and enjoys a substantial effective life even when applied so as to be con¬ tinuously exposed to the atmosphere, it may be advantangeous to apply it in such a manner so as to be substantially iso¬ lated from the atmosphere to further increase its effective life. One effective method of accomplishing this is to encap- sulate the compound using techniques well known to the encap¬ sulation art. The resulting capsules comprising discrete portions of the compound encased in insoluble impervious sheaths can be applied to a selected area or surface in any desired manner. For example, the capsules can be mixed with an adhesive or paint and applied to the surface to be pro¬ tected. The compound is thus shielded from the atmosphere so that vaporization is substantially eliminated and the capsule can remain in place for long periods of time. However, an attack on such surface by a woodpecker or the like will cause at lease some of the capsules to be ruptured thus releasing the compound for performing its repelling function.
The compound can also be applied in admixture with a suitable coating material, such as latex paint, which hardens to trap the compound within -the hardened coating and to substantially isolate it from the atmosphere.
The amount of the ketonic compound to be applied should be sufficient to repel birds, especially woodpeckers, over an extended period of time. Since the compound has a very low volatility, it will remain in place over long periods of time during which it is effective in its repelling activity. The amount to be used can vary over a wide range depending on the
manner of application, the desired period of its effectiveness and other factors, usually an amount within the range of 0.5 and 3 ounces of the compound per square foot of surface is desirable. If the compound is encapsulated, the lower end of the range can be, for example, 0.1 ounce per square foot of surface. The high side of the range is usually dictated by economics.
EXAMPLE I An aviary was constructed and two golden front adult wood¬ peckers were housed in it. A test pole (untreated) was placed in the aviary at the same time the birds were released therein so pecking and territory claims could be started. After a conditioning period of some six months, a new creosote impregnated distribution class electric power pole was placed in the aviary with one half of the top half of the pole painted with isophorone the other half was left unpainted. Approximately 100 cubic centimeters of the isophorone was used over a surface area of approximately 500 square centimeters. On the night of the original application, a heavy rainfall was received and two days later an additional 50cc of isophorone was painted over the test area.
During the test period, the woodpeckers were fed with a feed ration consisting of live mealworms (worm, larvae and beetle), hen layer pellets and dog food pellets. The hen layer pel-lets and the dog food pellets were fed ad-lib and the mealworms were fed daily (50 to 100 each) on top of the ad-lib ration.
No activity was noticed on either side (treated or untreated) of the test pole until November. During the months of November through March, the untreated side of the test pole was vigorously attacked by the woodpeckers leaving numerous holes in same. During the same period, the treated side of the test pole was virtually unscathed and no damage was observed past the margin of the treated and untreated section of the pole.
Orientation preference was tested by rotating the poles by 90° and then 180°. No orientation was observed.
EXAMPLE II
The effect of isophorone on repelling an ordinary pen of chickens was observed by placing feed grain onto which isophorone had been sprayed until the grain was wetted in one tray and non-coated feed grain in another tray. The chickens readily ate the non-coated grain but would not eat the treated feed grain and no apparent ill affects were caused by the few pecks at the treated grain. It was observed that the avoidance appeared to be caused as the tongue came in contact with the treated grain.

Claims

1. A method for repelling birds from a surface comprising selecting a surface from which it is desired to repel birds and applying to said surface a repelling amount of the com¬ pound of the formula
C(0)CH:C(R)CH2C(R)2CH2
wherein R is a methyl, ethyl or propyϊ group.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said compound is 3,5, 5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-one-l.
3. The method as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein said com¬ pound is applied to said surface in encapsulated form.
4. The method claim 3, wherein the encapsulated compound is applied with an adhesive or coating material to said surface.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the coating material is paint.
PCT/US1983/001303 1983-08-24 1983-08-24 Method and composition for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers WO1985000996A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1983/001303 WO1985000996A1 (en) 1983-08-24 1983-08-24 Method and composition for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers
AT9086/83A AT391055B (en) 1983-08-24 1983-08-24 METHOD FOR REPENDING BIRDS FROM A SURFACE AND A COMPOSITION FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD
GB08509650A GB2154880B (en) 1983-08-24 1983-08-24 Method and composition for repelling birds especially woodpeckers
BR8307750A BR8307750A (en) 1983-08-24 1983-08-24 METHOD FOR REPELLING BIRDS, ESPECIALLY PICKS
CA000436360A CA1206875A (en) 1983-08-24 1983-09-09 Method for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers
DK177385A DK162500C (en) 1983-08-24 1985-04-19 PROCEDURE AND REQUIREMENT FOR REJECTING BIRDS, ESPECIALLY SPETTER
FI851563A FI70113C (en) 1983-08-24 1985-04-19 OVER COMPOSITION FOR OVER BORROWING OF FAOGLAR AND SYNNERHET HACKSPETTAR
CH1694/85A CH664556A5 (en) 1983-08-24 1985-04-19 PROCESS AND COMPOSITION FOR PROTECTING A SURFACE FROM DAMAGE FROM BIRDS, ESPECIALLY PEAKS.
SE8501914A SE453452B (en) 1983-08-24 1985-04-19 SET AND COMPOSITION TO REJECT BIRDS FROM A SURFACE
NO85851624A NO157121C (en) 1983-08-24 1985-04-23 PREPARATION FOR AA RETIRED BIRDS, SPECIFIC CUTTING SPECIES.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1983/001303 WO1985000996A1 (en) 1983-08-24 1983-08-24 Method and composition for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers
CA000436360A CA1206875A (en) 1983-08-24 1983-09-09 Method for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers
CH1694/85A CH664556A5 (en) 1983-08-24 1985-04-19 PROCESS AND COMPOSITION FOR PROTECTING A SURFACE FROM DAMAGE FROM BIRDS, ESPECIALLY PEAKS.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1985000996A1 true WO1985000996A1 (en) 1985-03-14

Family

ID=47884625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1983/001303 WO1985000996A1 (en) 1983-08-24 1983-08-24 Method and composition for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers

Country Status (10)

Country Link
AT (1) AT391055B (en)
BR (1) BR8307750A (en)
CA (1) CA1206875A (en)
CH (1) CH664556A5 (en)
DK (1) DK162500C (en)
FI (1) FI70113C (en)
GB (1) GB2154880B (en)
NO (1) NO157121C (en)
SE (1) SE453452B (en)
WO (1) WO1985000996A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000002442A2 (en) * 1998-07-09 2000-01-20 Dcv, Inc. Product and method for improving avian health

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US681032A (en) * 1899-11-01 1901-08-20 Eversley Childs Method of preserving wood.
US3406038A (en) * 1962-10-15 1968-10-15 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Treatment of wood with a polyhydric alcohol and an alkylene oxide
US3995077A (en) * 1975-07-24 1976-11-30 Hager Aktiebolag Process for treatment of wood

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1157030B (en) * 1962-01-16 1963-11-07 Bayer Ag Bird repellants
US3406036A (en) * 1965-07-08 1968-10-15 Ibm Selective deposition method and article for use therein
US3409718A (en) * 1965-11-29 1968-11-05 Phillips Petroleum Co Methods of repelling birds with the resinous amination product of crotonaldehyde anddiethylamine
US3474176A (en) * 1965-12-06 1969-10-21 Int Flavors & Fragrances Inc Repelling animals with ketone
DE1767534A1 (en) * 1968-05-20 1971-09-16 Bayer Ag Means for repelling birds, rodents, rabbit-like animals and ruminants

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US681032A (en) * 1899-11-01 1901-08-20 Eversley Childs Method of preserving wood.
US3406038A (en) * 1962-10-15 1968-10-15 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Treatment of wood with a polyhydric alcohol and an alkylene oxide
US3995077A (en) * 1975-07-24 1976-11-30 Hager Aktiebolag Process for treatment of wood

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000002442A2 (en) * 1998-07-09 2000-01-20 Dcv, Inc. Product and method for improving avian health
WO2000002442A3 (en) * 1998-07-09 2001-11-29 Dcv Inc Product and method for improving avian health

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK162500C (en) 1992-03-30
BR8307750A (en) 1985-07-30
GB2154880A (en) 1985-09-18
SE453452B (en) 1988-02-08
NO157121C (en) 1988-01-27
DK177385A (en) 1985-04-19
DK177385D0 (en) 1985-04-19
CH664556A5 (en) 1988-03-15
FI851563A0 (en) 1985-04-19
SE8501914L (en) 1985-04-19
FI70113C (en) 1986-09-15
SE8501914D0 (en) 1985-04-19
ATA908683A (en) 1990-02-15
FI70113B (en) 1986-02-28
CA1206875A (en) 1986-07-02
NO157121B (en) 1987-10-19
DK162500B (en) 1991-11-11
NO851624L (en) 1985-04-23
GB8509650D0 (en) 1985-05-22
FI851563L (en) 1985-04-19
AT391055B (en) 1990-08-10
GB2154880B (en) 1987-02-18

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