DK162500B - Process and agent for repelling birds, in particular woodpeckers - Google Patents
Process and agent for repelling birds, in particular woodpeckers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK162500B DK162500B DK177385A DK177385A DK162500B DK 162500 B DK162500 B DK 162500B DK 177385 A DK177385 A DK 177385A DK 177385 A DK177385 A DK 177385A DK 162500 B DK162500 B DK 162500B
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- compound
- birds
- woodpeckers
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
- A01M29/12—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using odoriferous substances, e.g. aromas, pheromones or chemical agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M19/00—Apparatus for the destruction of noxious animals, other than insects, by hot water, steam, hot air, or electricity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Description
iin
DK 162500 BDK 162500 B
• Denne opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til afvisning af fugle, især spætter, fra visse udvalgte arealer eller overflader for at reducere eller undgå spætters ødelæggelse af forsyningspæle eller lignende af træ.This invention relates to a method of rejecting birds, especially woodpeckers, from certain selected areas or surfaces to reduce or avoid woodpeckers' destruction of supply poles or the like of wood.
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Den foreliggende opfindelse angår også et middel til brug ved fremgangsmåden.The present invention also relates to an agent for use in the process.
Fra DE-patentskrift nr. 883.361 udstedt 16. juli 1953 er det 10 kendt at anvende substitutionsprodukter af benzanthron, såsom chlorbenzanthron, brombenzanthron, nitrobenzanthron, 2-methyl-benzanthron og diaminobenzanthron eller de ved fremstilling og forarbejdning heraf fremkomne rester eventuelt sammen med faste eller flydende fyldstoffer og/eller fungicidt virksomme 15 midler til afvisning af fugle fra såsæd. Det har længe været et ønske at anvise en fremgangsmåde, som er velegnet til afvisning af fugle fra overflader.It is known from DE Patent Specification No. 883,361 issued July 16, 1953, to use benzanthrone substitution products such as chlorobenzanthrone, bromobenzanthrone, nitrobenzanthrone, 2-methylbenzanthrone, and diaminobenzanthrone or any residues resulting from the preparation and processing thereof, together with solid or liquid fillers and / or fungicidal agents for the rejection of birds from seed. It has long been a desire to provide a method suitable for rejecting birds from surfaces.
Spætters ødelæggelse af træpæle og -tværarme har plaget forsy-20 ningsindustrien i mange år. Ikke blot er beskadigelsen bekostelig, men hullerne i pælene bevirker en svækkelse og gør også pælene farlige for montører at klatre op i. Omfanget af denne ødelæggelse er mere udbredt, end man almindeligvis har gjort sig klart, og det er blevet anslået, at de udhaknings-25 skader, der forårsages af spætter, er mere bekostelige end den skade, der forårsages af vind, lynnedslag og isslag. Alvoren af problemet med spætters beskadigelse har længe været kendt, og litteraturen indeholder mange rapporter over strategier, for hvilke forsyningsselskaber har ofret meget væsentlige 30 summer i et forsøg på at løse dette problem. Blandt disse er: 1. Fastsurring af den hullede sektion af gamle pæle til toppene af nye pæle eller at lade gamle pæle stå fastsurret til de nye pæle. Den teori, der lå bag dette var, at fuglene ville 35 foretrække det ældre træ frem for det nye friskt creositim-prægnerede træ. Fuglene var ikke enige heri.Woodpecker's destruction of wooden poles and cross arms has plagued the supply industry for many years. Not only is the damage costly, but the holes in the piles weaken and also make the piles dangerous for installers to climb up in. The extent of this destruction is more widespread than has usually been made clear, and it has been estimated that the notches -25 damage caused by woodpeckers is more costly than the damage caused by wind, lightning and ice. The seriousness of the problem of woodpecker damage has long been known, and the literature contains many reports of strategies for which utilities have sacrificed very substantial 30 sums in an attempt to solve this problem. Among these are: 1. Securing the hollow section of old piles to the tops of new piles or leaving old piles lashed to the new piles. The theory behind this was that the birds would prefer the older tree to the new fresh creositim-embossed tree. The birds did not agree with this.
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2. Fæstnelse af røde flonelsbånd og vingeformede metalstrimler til pælene. Dette afviste fuglene i kort tid, tilsyneladende indtil de havde sikret sig, at disse anordninger var ufarlige.2. Attachment of red flannel strips and wing-shaped metal strips to the poles. This rejected the birds for a short time, apparently until they had ensured that these devices were harmless.
5 3. Omvikling af pælene med metalnet ("hardware mesh cloth") eller med forskellige folier, såsom plastfolier. Dette var i store træk uden virkning, idet spætterne simpelthen rev store huller i metalnettet for at nå træet. Omvikling af pælene med andet materiale mislykkedes af samme årsag.5 3. Wrap the poles with metal mesh cloth or with various foils, such as plastic foils. This was largely ineffective, as the woodpeckers simply tore large holes in the metal mesh to reach the tree. Wrapping the poles with other material failed for the same reason.
10 4. Påføring af kemiske afvisningsmidler.10 4. Application of chemical repellents.
Det har længe været ønsket at løse dette problem ved simpelthen at påføre et kemisk afvisningsmiddel til pælene, hvilket 15 ville bevirke, at spætterne undgik at hakke i dem. Hundreder af forskellige kemikalier er blevet rapporteret at være blevet prøvet, men ingen har været fuldstændigt succesfulde af forskellige grunde, herunder utilstrækkelig afvisningskraft, eller såfremt den afvisende kraft var tilstrækkelig, manglende 20 evne til at forblive på plads i effektive mængder over længere tidsperioder.It has long been desired to solve this problem by simply applying a chemical repellant to the piles, which would cause the woodpeckers to avoid notching them. Hundreds of different chemicals have been reported to have been tested, but none have been completely successful for a variety of reasons, including insufficient rejection power, or, if the repulsive force was sufficient, inability to remain in place in effective amounts over extended periods of time.
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår således en fremgangsmåde til afvisning af fugle fra en overflade, hvilken fremgangsmåde er 25 ejendommelig ved, at man udvælger en overflade, hvorfra det ønskes at afvise fugle, og på nævnte overflade påfører en afvisende mængde af en forbindelse med formlen I: C(0)CH:C(R)CH2C(R)2CH2 (I) 30 hvori R er en methyl-, ethyl- eller propylgruppe.Thus, the present invention relates to a method of rejecting birds from a surface which is characterized by selecting a surface from which it is desired to reject birds and applying to said surface a rejecting amount of a compound of formula I: C (O) CH: C (R) CH 2 C (R) 2 CH 2 (I) wherein R is a methyl, ethyl or propyl group.
Den foretrukne kemiske forbindelse er isophoron, der teknisk er 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyklohexen-l-on. Den specifikke forbin-35 delse svarer til den almene forbindelse, hvori R’erne begge er methylgrupper. Dens fysiske egenskaber er velkendte, og den er let tilgængelig på det åbne marked. Selv om den anses for at 3The preferred chemical compound is isophorone, which is technically 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one. The specific compound corresponds to the general compound in which the R's are both methyl groups. Its physical properties are well known and readily available in the open market. Although considered to be 3
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være noget giftig for mennesker, og kontakt med huden og øjnene skal undgås, anses den ikke for at være farlig ved industriel anvendelse på grund af et lavt damptryk på ca. 0,2 mm Hg ved 20eC.be somewhat toxic to humans and to avoid contact with the skin and eyes, it is not considered to be hazardous in industrial applications due to a low vapor pressure of approx. 0.2 mm Hg at 20 ° C.
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Afvisningsmidlet kan påføres som en relativt ren forbindelse eller i kombination med en bærer eller andre inerte materia ler. Opløsningsmidler, emulsioner eller bærere, der i alt væsentligt er inerte med hensyn til forbindelsen, kan anvendes.The repellent may be applied as a relatively pure compound or in combination with a carrier or other inert material. Solvents, emulsions or carriers which are substantially inert with respect to the compound may be used.
10 Eksempler på opløsningsbærere, der om ønsket kan anvendes, er forskellige hydrocarbonfraktioner, såsom naphthalenerne. Forbindelsen med formlen I, som kun er lidt opløselig i vand, kan bearbejdes til en vandig emulsion under anvendelse af hensigtsmæssige emulgeringsmidler eller befugtningsmidler. Emul-15 sionen påføres til de arealer, hvorfra fuglene skal afvises.Examples of solution carriers which may be used, if desired, are various hydrocarbon fractions such as the naphthalene. The compound of formula I, which is only slightly soluble in water, can be processed into an aqueous emulsion using suitable emulsifiers or wetting agents. The emulsion is applied to the areas from which the birds are to be rejected.
Forbindelsen kan også absorberes på hensigtsmæssige faste bærere, såsom forskellige lerarter, og påføres som et pudder, fortrinsvis med et klæbestof for at holde bærerne på plads.The compound can also be absorbed onto appropriate solid carriers, such as various clays, and applied as a powder, preferably with an adhesive to hold the carriers in place.
2o Til trods for at forbindelsen med formlen I har et lavt damptryk og besidder en væsentlig effektiv levetid, selv når den efter påføring kontinuerligt udsættes for atmosfæren, kan det være fordelagtigt at påføre den på en sådan måde, at den i alt væsentligt er isoleret fra atmosfæren for yderligere at forøge 25 dens effektive levetid. Én effektiv metode til opnåelse af dette er at indkapsle forbindelsen under anvendelse af velkendte teknikker. De resulterende kapsler, omfattende diskrete portioner af forbindelsen, indkapslet i uopløselige, uigennemtrængelige skeder, kan påføres til et udvalgt areal eller en 30 overflade på en hvilken som helst ønsket måde. Kapslerne kan f.eks. blandes med et klæbestof eller en maling, og påføres til den overflade, der skal beskyttes. Forbindelsen er således afskærmet fra atmosfæren, så fordampning i alt væsentligt undgås, og kapslerne kan forblive på plads i lange tidsperioder.Although the compound of formula I has a low vapor pressure and has a substantially effective life, even when continuously exposed to the atmosphere after application, it may be advantageous to apply it in such a way that it is substantially isolated from the the atmosphere to further increase its effective service life. One effective method of achieving this is to encapsulate the compound using well known techniques. The resulting capsules, comprising discrete portions of the compound, encapsulated in insoluble, impermeable sheaths, can be applied to a selected area or surface in any desired manner. The capsules may e.g. mixed with an adhesive or paint and applied to the surface to be protected. Thus, the compound is shielded from the atmosphere so that evaporation is substantially avoided and the capsules can remain in place for long periods of time.
35 Et angreb på en sådan overflade af en spætte eller lignende vil imidlertid forårsage, at i det mindste nogle af kapslerne sprænges og således frigiver forbindelsen til udførelse af dens afvisende funktion.However, an attack on such a surface by a woodpecker or the like will cause at least some of the capsules to burst, thus releasing the compound to perform its repellent function.
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Forbindelsen kan også påføres i blanding med et hensigtsmæssigt belægningsmateriale, såsom latexmaling, der hærder og holder forbindelsen tilbage inde i den hærdede belægning og væsentligt isolerer den fra atmosfæren.The compound may also be applied in admixture with a suitable coating material such as latex paint which cures and retains the compound within the cured coating and substantially isolates it from the atmosphere.
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Et middel til udøvelse af fremgangsmåden er ejendommeligt ved, at det omfatter en blanding af en forbindelse med formlen I: C(0)CH:C(R)CH2C(R)2CH2 (I) 10 hvori R er en methyl-, ethyl- eller propylgruppe, og en bærer herfor i form af et klæbestof eller belægningsmateriale.An agent for carrying out the process is characterized in that it comprises a mixture of a compound of formula I: C (O) CH: C (R) CH 2 C (R) 2 CH 2 (I) 10 wherein R is a methyl, ethyl or propyl group, and a carrier therefor in the form of an adhesive or coating material.
Den mængde af forbindelsen med formlen I, der skal påføres, 15 bør være tilstrækkelig til at afvise fugle, især spætter, over en længere tidsperiode. Eftersom forbindelsen har en meget lav flygtighed, vil den forblive på plads over lange tidsperioder, under hvilken den er effektiv i dens afvisende virkning. Den mængde, der skal anvendes, kan variere over et bredt interval, 20 afhængig af påføringsmåden, den ønskede periode for effektiviteten og andre faktorer. Sædvanligvis er en mængde i intervallet fra 0,15 til 0,92 kg af forbindelsen pr. m2 overflade (0,5-3 ounces per square foot) ønskelig. Såfremt forbindelsen er indkapslet, kan den lave ende af intervallet f.eks. være 25 0,03 kg pr. m2 overflade (0,1 ounce per square foot). Den høje ende af intervallet dikteres sædvanligvis af økonomien.The amount of compound of formula I to be applied should be sufficient to repel birds, especially woodpeckers, over a longer period of time. Since the compound has a very low volatility, it will remain in place over long periods of time during which it is effective in its repellent effect. The amount to be used may vary over a wide range, depending on the mode of application, the desired period of effectiveness, and other factors. Usually, an amount in the range of 0.15 to 0.92 kg of compound per m2 surface (0.5-3 ounces per square foot) desirable. If the connection is encapsulated, the low end of the interval may e.g. be 25 0.03 kg per m2 surface (0.1 ounce per square foot). The high end of the range is usually dictated by the economy.
Eksempel 1 30 Der konstrueredes en voliere, og to voksne spætter af arten golden front woodpecker blev anbragt deri. En testpæl (ubehandlet) blev placeret i volieren på samme tid som fuglene blev sluppet løs deri, således at hakning og territoriekrav kunne påbegyndes. Efter en tilpasningsperiode på ca. seks 35 måneder, blev en ny, creosotimprægneret pæl til brug som elmast placeret i volieren med én halvdel af tophalvdelen af pælen malet med isophoron og den anden halvdel efterladt uma-Example 1 30 A aviary was constructed and two adult woodpecker species of the golden front woodpecker were placed therein. A test post (untreated) was placed in the aviary at the same time as the birds were released therein, so that chopping and territory requirements could be started. After an adjustment period of approx. six 35 months, a new, creosote-impregnated pile for use as an electric mast was placed in the aviary with one half of the top half of the pile painted with isophorone and the other half left un-
DK 162500 BDK 162500 B
s let. Ca. 100 cm3 isophoron anvendtes over et overfladeareal på ca. 500 cm2. Om natten for den oprindelige påføring var der et kraftigt regnvejr, og to dage senere maledes yderligere 50 cm3 isophoron over forsøgsarealet.Delete. Ca. 100 cm 3 of isophorone was used over a surface area of approx. 500 cm2. During the night of the initial application there was a heavy rainfall and two days later an additional 50 cm 3 of isophorone was painted over the test area.
5 I løbet af forsøgsperioden blev spætterne fodret med en føderation bestående af levende melorme (orme, larver og biller), æglæggerpellets og hundefoderpellets. Æglæggerpellets og hundef oderpellets blev tilført ad libitum og melormene tilført 10 dagligt (50-100 til hver) på toppen af ad 1ibitum-rationen.5 During the trial period, the woodpeckers were fed a federation of live mealworms (worms, larvae and beetles), egg pellets and dog food pellets. Egg pellets and canine ore pellets were fed ad libitum and the flour worms were fed 10 daily (50-100 to each) at the top of the adibitum ration.
Ingen aktivitet noteredes på nogen af siderne (behandlet eller ubehandlet) af forsøgspælen indtil november. I månederne november til marts blev den ubehandlede side af forsøgspælen 15 kraftigt angrebet af spætterne, der efterlod talrige huller i samme. I den samme periode var den behandlede side af forsøgspælen praktisk talt ubeskadiget, og ingen ødelæggelser blev observeret fra grænsen mellem den behandlede og ubehandlede sektion af pælen.No activity was noted on any of the pages (treated or untreated) of the test pole until November. In the months of November to March, the untreated side of the test pole 15 was heavily attacked by the woodpeckers, leaving numerous gaps in the same. During the same period, the treated side of the test pole was virtually undamaged, and no damage was observed from the boundary between the treated and untreated section of the pole.
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Forkærlighed for en særlig orientering blev undersøgt ved at rotere pælene 90 og derpå 180°. Der observeredes ingen orientering.Preference for a particular orientation was investigated by rotating piles 90 and then 180 °. No orientation was observed.
25 Eksempel IIExample II
Effekten af isophoron på afvisning af en sædvanlig samling kyllinger blev observeret ved at placere foderkorn, hvorpå isophoron var blevet sprøjtet, indtil kornene var befugtet 30 dermed, i en bakke og ikke-coatede foderkorn i en anden bakke. Kyllingerne åd beredvilligt de ikke-coatede korn, men ville ikke æde de behandlede foderkorn, og de få hak i de behandlede korn forårsagede igen synlige bivirkninger. Det observeredes, at undgåelsen syntes at fremkomme, når tungen kom i kontakt 35 med de behandlede korn.The effect of isophorone on rejection of a usual collection of chickens was observed by placing feed grains on which isophorone had been sprayed until the grains were wetted therein, in one tray and uncoated feed grains in another tray. The chicks readily ate the uncoated grains but would not eat the processed grains, and the few notches in the treated grains again caused visible side effects. It was observed that avoidance appeared to occur when the tongue came into contact with the treated grains.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8301303 | 1983-08-24 | ||
| PCT/US1983/001303 WO1985000996A1 (en) | 1983-08-24 | 1983-08-24 | Method and composition for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers |
| CA000436360A CA1206875A (en) | 1983-08-24 | 1983-09-09 | Method for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers |
| CA436360 | 1983-09-09 | ||
| CH1694/85A CH664556A5 (en) | 1983-08-24 | 1985-04-19 | PROCESS AND COMPOSITION FOR PROTECTING A SURFACE FROM DAMAGE FROM BIRDS, ESPECIALLY PEAKS. |
| CH169485 | 1985-04-19 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK177385A DK177385A (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| DK177385D0 DK177385D0 (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| DK162500B true DK162500B (en) | 1991-11-11 |
| DK162500C DK162500C (en) | 1992-03-30 |
Family
ID=47884625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK177385A DK162500C (en) | 1983-08-24 | 1985-04-19 | PROCEDURE AND REQUIREMENT FOR REJECTING BIRDS, ESPECIALLY SPETTER |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT391055B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8307750A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1206875A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH664556A5 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK162500C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI70113C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2154880B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO157121C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE453452B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1985000996A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6436423B1 (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2002-08-20 | Arkion Life Sciences | Product and method for improving avian health |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US681032A (en) * | 1899-11-01 | 1901-08-20 | Eversley Childs | Method of preserving wood. |
| DE1157030B (en) * | 1962-01-16 | 1963-11-07 | Bayer Ag | Bird repellants |
| NL299220A (en) * | 1962-10-15 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3406036A (en) * | 1965-07-08 | 1968-10-15 | Ibm | Selective deposition method and article for use therein |
| US3409718A (en) * | 1965-11-29 | 1968-11-05 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Methods of repelling birds with the resinous amination product of crotonaldehyde anddiethylamine |
| US3474176A (en) * | 1965-12-06 | 1969-10-21 | Int Flavors & Fragrances Inc | Repelling animals with ketone |
| DE1767534A1 (en) * | 1968-05-20 | 1971-09-16 | Bayer Ag | Means for repelling birds, rodents, rabbit-like animals and ruminants |
| US3995077A (en) * | 1975-07-24 | 1976-11-30 | Hager Aktiebolag | Process for treatment of wood |
-
1983
- 1983-08-24 GB GB08509650A patent/GB2154880B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-24 WO PCT/US1983/001303 patent/WO1985000996A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1983-08-24 AT AT9086/83A patent/AT391055B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-24 BR BR8307750A patent/BR8307750A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-09-09 CA CA000436360A patent/CA1206875A/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-04-19 SE SE8501914A patent/SE453452B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-19 CH CH1694/85A patent/CH664556A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-19 DK DK177385A patent/DK162500C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-19 FI FI851563A patent/FI70113C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-23 NO NO85851624A patent/NO157121C/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR8307750A (en) | 1985-07-30 |
| AT391055B (en) | 1990-08-10 |
| DK177385A (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| SE8501914D0 (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| FI70113B (en) | 1986-02-28 |
| GB8509650D0 (en) | 1985-05-22 |
| NO157121B (en) | 1987-10-19 |
| GB2154880B (en) | 1987-02-18 |
| DK177385D0 (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| NO851624L (en) | 1985-04-23 |
| ATA908683A (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| CH664556A5 (en) | 1988-03-15 |
| NO157121C (en) | 1988-01-27 |
| FI851563L (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| CA1206875A (en) | 1986-07-02 |
| SE8501914L (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| FI851563A0 (en) | 1985-04-19 |
| FI70113C (en) | 1986-09-15 |
| WO1985000996A1 (en) | 1985-03-14 |
| DK162500C (en) | 1992-03-30 |
| GB2154880A (en) | 1985-09-18 |
| SE453452B (en) | 1988-02-08 |
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