WO1984003147A1 - Procede et dispositif pour mesurer la teneur en particules conductrices - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour mesurer la teneur en particules conductrices Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984003147A1
WO1984003147A1 PCT/DE1984/000015 DE8400015W WO8403147A1 WO 1984003147 A1 WO1984003147 A1 WO 1984003147A1 DE 8400015 W DE8400015 W DE 8400015W WO 8403147 A1 WO8403147 A1 WO 8403147A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrodes
measuring
content
voltage
conductivity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1984/000015
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Gruenwald
Gerhard Holfelder
La Prieta Claudio De
Original Assignee
Bosch Gmbh Robert
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bosch Gmbh Robert filed Critical Bosch Gmbh Robert
Publication of WO1984003147A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984003147A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/92—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating breakdown voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the content of conductive particles in gases, in particular in exhaust gases from fossil fuels / such as the soot concentration in the exhaust gas from internal combustion engines, oil-fired systems and the like. Like., The type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • OMPI Estimate the soot concentration. This method has therefore only been used for periodic monitoring tasks in which it is to be determined whether the soot concentration has exceeded a still permissible value over a longer period of time or not. This method is not suitable for an exact measurement of the soot concentration, as is required, for example, for engine adjustment in diesel engines.
  • the method according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has, in contrast, substantial advantage without long set-up times exact information 'on Pelle ⁇ , for example, the carbon black concentration to supply the exhaust gas. Constant installation and removal of the sensor in or out of the exhaust pipe is not necessary. The sensor can be installed securely and in places that are not easily accessible in the exhaust pipe. A cleaning of the sensor from the particle deposit only needs to be carried out after several measurements and, if necessary, can be carried out without dismantling, by applying a high voltage to the electrodes, which burns off the particle deposit on the insulating support and thus burns off the leakage current surface.
  • the measuring method according to the invention delivers very good results, since the conductivity can be measured very precisely. Even small soot concentrations in the exhaust gas can be determined quantitatively from the change in conductivity.
  • the electrodes are arranged at a small distance of less than 1 mm from one another on a non-conductive ceramic plate.
  • a voltage of the order of 15 - 100 V is applied to their electrodes.
  • Soot which is deposited on the surface between the electrodes, causes a current to flow due to the electrical conductivity of the particle deposit.
  • the current represents a measure of the amount of precipitation occurring per time and thus allows an exact indication of the particle content or the soot concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • a sliding spark gap is formed between the two electrodes which are connected to high voltage and has a certain ignition or breakdown voltage. If larger quantities of particles are deposited on the ceramic substrate, the ignition voltage is reduced. The sliding spark gap breaks through at a low ignition voltage, the stronger the particle or soot accumulation per unit of time. The ignition or breakdown voltage is therefore a measure of the particle content or the soot concentration in the exhaust gas. If the particle content in the exhaust gas decreases again, the surface of the ceramic substrate burns freely in a short time, which is less than 10 s, to the extent that it corresponds to the degree of particle concentration of the exhaust gas.
  • the device schematically shown in FIG. 1 for measuring the soot concentration in exhaust gases from a diesel engine has a sensor 10 which is exposed to the exhaust gas.
  • This sensor 10 is arranged in the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine so that, if possible, only one of the two large surfaces can be sooted.
  • the sensor 10 has an insulating carrier 11, which is designed here as a ceramic plate 12, and two electrodes 13, 14 arranged on the insulating carrier 11.
  • the electrodes 13, 14 are arranged on the same surface 15 of the ceramic plate 12 and are only a short distance apart of less than 1 mm.
  • the two electrodes 13, 14 are connected to a voltage source 16, which supplies a direct or alternating voltage in the order of 15-100 V.
  • a current meter 18 is switched on in the circuit 17 between the voltage source 16 and the electrodes 13, 14. r- 5 -
  • a leakage current surface 19 is formed between the two electrodes 13, 14 on the surface 15 of the insulating support 11 or the ceramic plate 12. With a clean surface and an applied voltage of 10-100 V, the conductivity of this leakage current surface 19 is essentially zero. If soot is deposited on the leakage current surface 19 between the two electrodes 13, 14, a current flows in the circuit 17 due to the electrical conductivity of the soot and is measured in the ammeter 18. The current is therefore a measure of the amount of soot produced per unit of time. The more soot deposits, the more the conductivity of the leakage current surface 19 increases and the current increases. The soot concentration in the exhaust gas can thus be determined from the current increase per unit of time.
  • the . Device schematically shown in FIG. 2 for measuring the soot concentration in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine also has a sensor 20 which is exposed to the exhaust gas and which is in turn arranged in the exhaust pipe of the engine.
  • An electrode 23 is located on a disk-shaped ceramic substrate 22 as an insulating carrier 21 of the sensor 20. arranged centrally, while the other electrode 24 is formed by a metal plate 2.6, which has a much larger dimension than the ceramic substrate 22 and carries the latter.
  • the two electrodes 23 and 24 are connected to an adjustable high-voltage source 27, which can be formed, for example, by a rotary transformer 28 and an AC generator 29.
  • a parallel voltmeter 30 is connected in parallel to the two electrodes 23 and 24, which detects the ignition or breakdown voltage between the electrodes 23 and 24 - 6 -
  • sliding spark gap 31 measures.
  • the sliding spark gap 31 is symbolized in FIG. 2 by schematically represented flashes.
  • the ignition voltage required for the spark gap to be ionized and consequently to break through is relatively high. If, on the other hand, electrically conductive soot particles or droplets deposit on the ceramic substrate 22, the ignition voltage required to ignite the spark gap 31 is reduced. This ignition voltage is held by the voltmeter 30. Depending on the amount of soot, the ignition voltage of the spark gap 31 is lowered to different degrees. The ignition voltage is thus a measure of the amount of soot deposited on the ceramic substrate 22 and thus a measure of the soot content of the exhaust gas. If the soot content in the exhaust gas decreases, the surface burns again in a short time, which is less than 10 s, to the extent that it corresponds to the current degree of sooting of the exhaust gas.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé pour mesurer la teneur en particules de gaz, par exemple la concentration de suies dans les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne et autres, au cours duquel, pour simplifier le processus de mesure et améliorer la précision des mesures, on utilise deux électrodes placées sur un support isolant à un certain intervalle comme détecteur de la précipitation des particules qui se déposent. On mesure la conductivité de la surface soumise à des courants de fuite entre les électrodes et on en déduit la teneur en particules. Il est possible de détecter une modification de la conductivité en mesurant le courant ou la tension de claquage dans un klydonographe.
PCT/DE1984/000015 1983-02-10 1984-01-21 Procede et dispositif pour mesurer la teneur en particules conductrices WO1984003147A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833304548 DE3304548A1 (de) 1983-02-10 1983-02-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung des gehalts an leitfaehigen partikeln in gasen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984003147A1 true WO1984003147A1 (fr) 1984-08-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1984/000015 WO1984003147A1 (fr) 1983-02-10 1984-01-21 Procede et dispositif pour mesurer la teneur en particules conductrices

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DE (1) DE3304548A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1984003147A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0449791A2 (fr) * 1990-03-30 1991-10-02 SAES GETTERS S.p.A. Méthode et appareil pour la détermination de la fin de la vie utile d'un purificateur de gaz
EP0541895A1 (fr) * 1991-11-09 1993-05-19 Till Keesmann Sonde pour un capteur de particules
WO2005080941A1 (fr) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour surveiller la concentration de particules dans un flux de gaz
WO2008138659A1 (fr) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Détecteur et procédé de détection de particules dans un flux de gaz
EP2116837A1 (fr) * 2007-02-09 2009-11-11 NGK Insulators, Ltd. Instrument servant à mesurer une concentration de particules dans un fluide, procédé de mesure, et programme de mesure
DE102007047614B4 (de) * 2007-10-04 2018-04-12 Continental Automotive Gmbh Sensor zum Erfassen von Partikeln

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3608801A1 (de) * 1986-03-15 1987-09-17 Fev Forsch Energietech Verbr Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regeneration von partikelfiltersystemen
DE4139325C1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-01-07 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De Function monitoring soot filter in exhaust pipe of IC engine
DE19747088B4 (de) * 1997-10-25 2004-03-11 Agr Abfallentsorgungs-Gesellschaft Ruhrgebiet Mbh Verfahren zur Analyse von kompakten, elektrisch nichtleitenden Materialien
DE10133384A1 (de) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Sensor zur Detektion von Teilchen und Verfahren zu dessen Funktionskontrolle
DE10156946A1 (de) * 2001-11-20 2003-05-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Sensor zur Detektion von Teilchen in einem Gsstrom
FR2847671B1 (fr) * 2002-11-22 2005-12-02 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif de mesure de la quantite de particules contenues dans un fluide, notamment dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne
DE10353860B4 (de) 2003-11-18 2023-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor zum Erfassen von Partikeln in einem Gasstrom, sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102004007038A1 (de) * 2004-02-12 2005-09-01 Daimlerchrysler Ag Vorrichtung zur Feststellung des Zustands eines Rußpartikelfilters
DE102004029523A1 (de) 2004-06-18 2006-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren, Partikelsensor und Partikelsensorsystem zur Messung von Partikeln
DE102004029524B4 (de) 2004-06-18 2007-12-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur definierten Regeneration von rußbehafteten Oberflächen
DE102004059650B4 (de) 2004-12-10 2006-09-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Resistive Partikelsensoren mit Messelektroden
DE102005010263A1 (de) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensorelement und Sensor dieses enthaltend
DE102005016395B4 (de) * 2005-04-18 2012-08-23 Andreas Hauser Rußimpedanzsensor
DE102007021913A1 (de) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Sensor zur Detektion von Teilchen in einem Gasstrom sowie deren Verwendung
DE102011089299A1 (de) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Regenerieren eines resistiven Rußsensors

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE792969A (fr) * 1972-12-19 1973-06-19 Metrobel S A Detecteur ionique de gaz, vapeurs, fumees et aerosols a chambred'ionisation a champ electrique intense
DE2445004A1 (de) * 1974-09-20 1976-04-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung des staubgehaltes in stroemenden gasen
FR2317652A1 (fr) * 1975-07-10 1977-02-04 Hunziker Richard Dispositif pour la detection de constituants non brules de combustibles dans les gaz d'echappement d'une installation de chauffage et procede pour l'exploitation de ce dispositif
US4158610A (en) * 1978-03-28 1979-06-19 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for determining and controlling amount of carbon deposited on a surface by a gas
FR2433745A1 (fr) * 1978-08-17 1980-03-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Detecteur permettant de surveiller que les gaz d'echappement ne comportent pas de suie
EP0032209A2 (fr) * 1979-12-11 1981-07-22 Fernand Raoul Charles Murtin Sonde électrique à décharge électrique en arc pour la mesure proportionnelle de la concentration en oxygène dans un gaz composite, en particulier dans les gaz issus d'une combustion chimique air-carburant
JPS57147043A (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-10 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Detector for deposition amount of soot

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE792969A (fr) * 1972-12-19 1973-06-19 Metrobel S A Detecteur ionique de gaz, vapeurs, fumees et aerosols a chambred'ionisation a champ electrique intense
DE2445004A1 (de) * 1974-09-20 1976-04-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung des staubgehaltes in stroemenden gasen
FR2317652A1 (fr) * 1975-07-10 1977-02-04 Hunziker Richard Dispositif pour la detection de constituants non brules de combustibles dans les gaz d'echappement d'une installation de chauffage et procede pour l'exploitation de ce dispositif
US4158610A (en) * 1978-03-28 1979-06-19 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for determining and controlling amount of carbon deposited on a surface by a gas
FR2433745A1 (fr) * 1978-08-17 1980-03-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Detecteur permettant de surveiller que les gaz d'echappement ne comportent pas de suie
EP0032209A2 (fr) * 1979-12-11 1981-07-22 Fernand Raoul Charles Murtin Sonde électrique à décharge électrique en arc pour la mesure proportionnelle de la concentration en oxygène dans un gaz composite, en particulier dans les gaz issus d'une combustion chimique air-carburant
JPS57147043A (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-10 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Detector for deposition amount of soot

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patents Abstracts of Japan, Vol. 6, No. 248, page (P-160)(1126), 7 December 1982; & JP-A-57 147 043 (NISSAN JIDOSHA) *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0449791A2 (fr) * 1990-03-30 1991-10-02 SAES GETTERS S.p.A. Méthode et appareil pour la détermination de la fin de la vie utile d'un purificateur de gaz
EP0449791A3 (en) * 1990-03-30 1993-02-03 Saes Getters S.P.A. A method for determining the end of useful life of a gas purifier and apparatus therefor
EP0541895A1 (fr) * 1991-11-09 1993-05-19 Till Keesmann Sonde pour un capteur de particules
WO2005080941A1 (fr) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour surveiller la concentration de particules dans un flux de gaz
DE102004007647B4 (de) * 2004-02-17 2006-04-27 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung der Partikelkonzentration in einem Gasstrom
EP2116837A1 (fr) * 2007-02-09 2009-11-11 NGK Insulators, Ltd. Instrument servant à mesurer une concentration de particules dans un fluide, procédé de mesure, et programme de mesure
EP2116837A4 (fr) * 2007-02-09 2014-05-14 Ngk Insulators Ltd Instrument servant à mesurer une concentration de particules dans un fluide, procédé de mesure, et programme de mesure
WO2008138659A1 (fr) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Détecteur et procédé de détection de particules dans un flux de gaz
DE102007047614B4 (de) * 2007-10-04 2018-04-12 Continental Automotive Gmbh Sensor zum Erfassen von Partikeln

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Publication number Publication date
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