WO1983004364A1 - Modified zirconia induction furnace - Google Patents
Modified zirconia induction furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1983004364A1 WO1983004364A1 PCT/US1983/000512 US8300512W WO8304364A1 WO 1983004364 A1 WO1983004364 A1 WO 1983004364A1 US 8300512 W US8300512 W US 8300512W WO 8304364 A1 WO8304364 A1 WO 8304364A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- board
- component
- multilead
- susceptor
- lead
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical class O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/029—Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/62—Heating means for drawing
- C03B2205/63—Ohmic resistance heaters, e.g. carbon or graphite resistance heaters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/62—Heating means for drawing
- C03B2205/64—Induction furnaces, i.e. HF/RF coil, e.g. of the graphite or zirconia susceptor type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/70—Draw furnace insulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the mass production of circuit boards, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for automatically mounting multilead components on circuit boards.
- Background of the Invention The production of electrical and electronic circuit boards often requires the mounting of several multilead electrical components on each board. Usually, such mounting techniques involve manual insertion of the leads of each multilead component in corresponding holes of a circuit board. Clearly, such techniques result in small throughput, are time consuming and labor intensive.
- electrical components such as semiconductor integrated circuit (I.C.) packages, becoming smaller in size, and with the number of leads on each I.C. package substantially increasing to achieve higher packaging densities, the problem of operator fatigue becomes a major one.
- I.C. semiconductor integrated circuit
- a method for automatically mounting a multilead component on a board comprises the steps of positioning the multilead component on the board such that each lead of the component is proximate to a corresponding aperture in the board , and imparting a vibratory motion to the board thereby inserting each lead of the component into it s corresponding aperture in the board.
- the positioning step comprises controlling a programmable manipulator for holding the multilead component and placing the component at preselected coordinate positions on the board.
- An apparatus for automatically mounting a multilead component on a board in accordance with an embodiment of the invention comprises means for supporting the board, selectively controllable means for positioning the multilead component at predetermined positions on the board, and means coupled to the board supporting means for vibrating the board.
- the selectively controllable means comprise a programmable manipulator for holding the multilead component and placing the component at preselected coordinate positions on the board.
- One advantage of the present invention is the substantial reduction of strict design requirements on programmable manipulators. Another advantage of the present invention is the ability to automatically mount multilead components on boards regardless of measurement variations in the outer housing of the component.
- a further advantage of the present invention is the ability to mount several types of multilead components on the same board without requiring operator assistance.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a typical multilead component to be mounted oh a board using an embodiment of the method and apparatus of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an apparatus in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 Illustratively shown in FIG. 1 is a component 10 having a plurality of leads 11 arranged or aligned in accordance with a pattern 12 on one side or surface 13 of such component 10.
- Component 10, as shown, has an outer housing 14 generally shaped as a parallelepiped.
- the hereafter described inventive concepts are also applicable to components having cylindrical, cubical or any other outer shape.
- the leads 11 may be arranged in any type of patterns 12, such as circular, rectangular, square, or other geometric configurations.
- the present inventive concepts and teachings are applicable to the mounting of multilead components on boards, such multilead components containing electrical devices, electronic circuits, other type of objects or articles, or any combination thereof.
- FIG. 2 Shown in FIG. 2 is an apparatus for performing an embodiment of the present invention.
- a board 20 having a plurality of holes or apertures 21 is mounted on a base 22 by means of a plurality of mounting bodies 23.
- a plurality of multilead components of various shapes 24, 25, 26 and placed in a container 27 are to be mounted on board 20.
- the leads of each one of the multilead components are to be inserted in predetermined apertures 21 of the board 20.
- the apertures 21 are arranged in a pattern corresponding to that of the leads of the components to be mounted on the board 20.
- board 20 is further coupled to base 22 by means of a mechanism 28 capable of imparting a vibratory motion of predetermined frequency and amplitude to the board.
- Such vibratory motion which is preferably in the plane of the board, may be accomplished, for example, by means of a motor 29 having an eccentric shaft 30 attached to the board 20.
- vibratory motions in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the board are also within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
- the frequency and the amplitude of the vibration may be fixed.
- the frequency and the amplitude of the vibrations may be selectively discretely or continuously varied during the mounting of the component.
- the base 22 is a vibrating platform and board 20 is rigidly coupled thereto by means of mounting bodies 23.
- base 22 is fixed and mounting bodies 23 attached to the board are somewhat compliant.
- One such compliant coupling may be achieved by means of spring mounted legs having one end thereof secured to base 22 and the other end coupled to the board.
- mounting bodies 23 may include suspension springs (not shown) having one end coupled to the board and the other end secured to a fixed portion of the base.
- a multilead component e.g. 24, to be mounted on board 20 is placed thereon such that each lead of component 24 is proximate to a corresponding aperture 21 in the board.
- the vibration mechanism 28 is energized thus imparting a vibratory motion to the board 20 thereby causing the leads to "fall" into their corresponding holes.
- the placing of the multilead component 24 on board 20 may be done manually.
- a robotic arm 32 may be used to pick-up one of the components 24, 25 or 26 out of container 27, and to place such component at predetermined coordinate positions on the board under a computer control terminal 33.
- the robotic arm 32 and the computer control terminal 33 may be of a well known commercially available type, e.g., Model #260 manufactured by UNIMATION INC. of Danbury, Connecticut.
- a lead straightening work station 34 Prior to placing the multilead components on the board, it may be desirable to ascertain that none of the leads is bent or deformed. Therefore, a lead straightening work station 34, of a known type, is shown positioned proximate to the board supporting base 22.
- the lead straightening station 34 comprises various aperture patterns 35, 36 and 37 matching the lead patterns of components 24, 25 and 26.
- the leads of such component are inserted in a matching aperture pattern at station 34 and then are retracted therefrom.
Abstract
A high frequency induction furnace (10) for reflowing a portion of a lightguide preform (44) in order to draw a fiber (52) therefrom. The furnace (10) has a centrally located tubular susceptor (34) therein. A high frequency coil (38) is energized to couple its elecromagnetic field to the susceptor (34) to heat and reflow a portion of the preform (44) in order to draw the fiber (52) therefrom. The susceptor has a thin coating of the preform material (e.g., silica) on at least a portion of the inside surface thereof. In a further embodiment a cylinder (62) is positioned in concentric, spaced relation about the susceptor (34) and is surrounded by an insulating grain (36). A thin coating of the preform material may be additionally provided on at least a portion of either the outer surface of the susceptor or the inner surface of the cylinder. The thin coating prevents contaminating particulates from migrating from small cracks in the inside surface of the susceptor (34) onto the preform (44) while the cylinder (62) prevents small particulate emanating from the insulating grain (36) from being drawn through larger cracks in the susceptor and onto the preform and/or the fiber (52).
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATICALLY MOUNTING MULTILEAD COMPONENTS ON CIRCUIT BOARDS
Technical Field The present invention relates to the mass production of circuit boards, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for automatically mounting multilead components on circuit boards. Background of the Invention The production of electrical and electronic circuit boards often requires the mounting of several multilead electrical components on each board. Usually, such mounting techniques involve manual insertion of the leads of each multilead component in corresponding holes of a circuit board. Clearly, such techniques result in small throughput, are time consuming and labor intensive. Moreover, with electrical components, such as semiconductor integrated circuit (I.C.) packages, becoming smaller in size, and with the number of leads on each I.C. package substantially increasing to achieve higher packaging densities, the problem of operator fatigue becomes a major one.
Several attempts were made to avoid the foregoing hindrances of manual insertion of multilead components by resorting to automation. In the area of automatically mounting multilead components or I.C. packages on printed wiring boards (PWB) , the emphasis so far has been on achieving high accuracies in the positioning of a robotic hand or automatic manipulator with respect to the holes of the PWB. Such high accuracies and close tolerances in the design and control of the robotic hand result in a complex * and expensive automatic apparatus for accurately positioning the leads or terminals with respect to their corresponding holes. Also, the foregoing strict hand positioning requirements do not and cannot compensate for any measurement deviations existing between the outer
housing of the component to be inserted and its lead. Summary of the Invention
The foregoing problems are solved in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention wherein a method for automatically mounting a multilead component on a board comprises the steps of positioning the multilead component on the board such that each lead of the component is proximate to a corresponding aperture in the board , and imparting a vibratory motion to the board thereby inserting each lead of the component into it s corresponding aperture in the board. In a preferred illustrative embodiment of such a method, the positioning step comprises controlling a programmable manipulator for holding the multilead component and placing the component at preselected coordinate positions on the board.
An apparatus for automatically mounting a multilead component on a board in accordance with an embodiment of the invention comprises means for supporting the board, selectively controllable means for positioning the multilead component at predetermined positions on the board, and means coupled to the board supporting means for vibrating the board. In a preferred illustrative embodiment of such an apparatus, the selectively controllable means comprise a programmable manipulator for holding the multilead component and placing the component at preselected coordinate positions on the board.
One advantage of the present invention is the substantial reduction of strict design requirements on programmable manipulators. Another advantage of the present invention is the ability to automatically mount multilead components on boards regardless of measurement variations in the outer housing of the component.
A further advantage of the present invention is the ability to mount several types of multilead components on the same board without requiring operator assistance.
These and other advantages of this invention will appear more fully upon consideration of the illustrative embodiments now to be described in detail in connection with the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a typical multilead component to be mounted oh a board using an embodiment of the method and apparatus of the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an apparatus in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description
Illustratively shown in FIG. 1 is a component 10 having a plurality of leads 11 arranged or aligned in accordance with a pattern 12 on one side or surface 13 of such component 10. Component 10, as shown, has an outer housing 14 generally shaped as a parallelepiped. However, the hereafter described inventive concepts are also applicable to components having cylindrical, cubical or any other outer shape. Also, the leads 11 may be arranged in any type of patterns 12, such as circular, rectangular, square, or other geometric configurations. Moreover, the present inventive concepts and teachings are applicable to the mounting of multilead components on boards, such multilead components containing electrical devices, electronic circuits, other type of objects or articles, or any combination thereof.
Shown in FIG. 2 is an apparatus for performing an embodiment of the present invention. A board 20 having a plurality of holes or apertures 21 is mounted on a base 22 by means of a plurality of mounting bodies 23. A plurality of multilead components of various shapes 24, 25, 26 and placed in a container 27 are to be mounted on board 20. The leads of each one of the multilead components are to be inserted in predetermined apertures 21 of the board 20. The apertures 21 are arranged in a pattern corresponding to
that of the leads of the components to be mounted on the board 20. As schematically shown in FIG. 2, board 20 is further coupled to base 22 by means of a mechanism 28 capable of imparting a vibratory motion of predetermined frequency and amplitude to the board. Such vibratory motion, which is preferably in the plane of the board, may be accomplished, for example, by means of a motor 29 having an eccentric shaft 30 attached to the board 20. However, vibratory motions in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the board are also within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The frequency and the amplitude of the vibration may be fixed. Alternatively, the frequency and the amplitude of the vibrations may be selectively discretely or continuously varied during the mounting of the component.
In one embodiment, the base 22 is a vibrating platform and board 20 is rigidly coupled thereto by means of mounting bodies 23. In another embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, base 22 is fixed and mounting bodies 23 attached to the board are somewhat compliant. One such compliant coupling may be achieved by means of spring mounted legs having one end thereof secured to base 22 and the other end coupled to the board. Alternatively, mounting bodies 23 may include suspension springs (not shown) having one end coupled to the board and the other end secured to a fixed portion of the base.
In operation of the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 2, a multilead component, e.g. 24, to be mounted on board 20 is placed thereon such that each lead of component 24 is proximate to a corresponding aperture 21 in the board. The vibration mechanism 28 is energized thus imparting a vibratory motion to the board 20 thereby causing the leads to "fall" into their corresponding holes. The placing of the multilead component 24 on board 20 may be done manually. In the alternative, a robotic arm 32 may be used to pick-up one of the components 24, 25 or 26 out of container 27, and to place such
component at predetermined coordinate positions on the board under a computer control terminal 33. The robotic arm 32 and the computer control terminal 33 may be of a well known commercially available type, e.g., Model #260 manufactured by UNIMATION INC. of Danbury, Connecticut.
Prior to placing the multilead components on the board, it may be desirable to ascertain that none of the leads is bent or deformed. Therefore, a lead straightening work station 34, of a known type, is shown positioned proximate to the board supporting base 22. The lead straightening station 34 comprises various aperture patterns 35, 36 and 37 matching the lead patterns of components 24, 25 and 26. Thus, prior to placing a component on the board, the leads of such component are inserted in a matching aperture pattern at station 34 and then are retracted therefrom.
The foregoing illustrative embodiment has been presented merely to illustrate the pertinent inventive concepts of the present invention. Numerous modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims
1. A method for mounting a multilead electrical component on a board having a plurality of apertures arranged in a pattern corresponding to that of the leads of the component, CHARACTERIZED BY: positioning the multilead component (10) on the board (20) such that each lead of said component is proximate to a corresponding aperture (21) in the board; and imparting (via 28) a vibratory motion to the board thereby inserting each lead of the component into its corresponding aperture in the board.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the positioning step comprises controlling a programmable manipulator (32) for holding the multilead component and placing the component (10) at preselected coordinate positions on the board (20).
3. A method in accordance with claim 2, characterized by first directing the programmable manipulator (32) to a lead straightening work station (34); inserting the leads (11) of the manipulator-held component (10) into lead straightening means (35-37); and retracting the straightened leads (11) from the lead strtaightening means.
4. An apparatus for automatically mounting a multilead component on a board in accordance with any of the methods of claims 1-3, CHARACTERIZED BY a board support (22); a selectively controllable manipulator (32) for positioning the multilead component on predetermined positions on the board (20); and vibrating means (28-30), coupled to the board support (22) for vibrating the board.
5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 4,
CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the apparatus further comprises a lead straightening station (34).
6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 4,
CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the programmable manipulator comprises a robotic arm (32) and a computer control terminal (33).
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP50160483A JPS59500912A (en) | 1982-05-28 | 1983-04-11 | Improved zirconia induction furnace |
DE8383901557T DE3369452D1 (en) | 1982-05-28 | 1983-04-11 | Modified zirconia induction furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/383,386 US4450333A (en) | 1982-05-28 | 1982-05-28 | Zirconia induction furnace |
US383,066 | 1982-05-28 | ||
US383,386 | 1982-05-28 | ||
US06/383,066 US4533378A (en) | 1982-05-28 | 1982-05-28 | Modified zirconia induction furnace |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1983004364A1 true WO1983004364A1 (en) | 1983-12-08 |
Family
ID=27010033
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1983/000512 WO1983004364A1 (en) | 1982-05-28 | 1983-04-11 | Modified zirconia induction furnace |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0110899B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3369452D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2121028B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1171073B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1983004364A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0195456A2 (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-24 | CSELT Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. | Method of surfacing the heater of a furnace for optical fibre drawing |
EP0232077A2 (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1987-08-12 | Corning Incorporated | Heating oven for preparing optical waveguide fibers |
GB2192698B (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1990-06-20 | Stc Plc | Tube furnace |
US4950319A (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1990-08-21 | Corning Incorporated | Heating oven for preparing optical waveguide fibers |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3842690C2 (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1998-04-30 | Didier Werke Ag | Refractory connection and induction coil therefor |
DE4108153A1 (en) * | 1991-03-14 | 1992-09-17 | Didier Werke Ag | Refractory molded part and its use |
DE4301330C2 (en) * | 1993-01-20 | 1997-02-13 | Didier Werke Ag | Process by inductive heating for tempering and / or firing a refractory shaped body made of ceramic material |
EP0743289B1 (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1999-03-10 | AT&T IPM Corp. | Zirconia induction furnace having magnesia insulation for drawing glass optical fibers |
DE19900375A1 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2000-07-13 | Alcatel Sa | Device for pulling a fiber |
US20080035682A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-14 | Calvin Thomas Coffey | Apparatus for particle synthesis |
US8790782B2 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2014-07-29 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for making glass frit powders using aerosol decomposition |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3362803A (en) * | 1964-03-05 | 1968-01-09 | Fed Republic Of Germany | Method of making glass or ceramic covered wires |
US3404973A (en) * | 1963-03-05 | 1968-10-08 | Saint Gobain | Glass sheet forming apparatus with coated silica core roller and roller |
US4052153A (en) * | 1975-03-06 | 1977-10-04 | Prolizenz Ag | Heat resistant crucible |
US4090851A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1978-05-23 | Rca Corporation | Si3 N4 Coated crucible and die means for growing single crystalline silicon sheets |
US4159891A (en) * | 1975-03-12 | 1979-07-03 | Prolizenz Ag | Crucible |
US4356152A (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1982-10-26 | Rca Corporation | Silicon melting crucible |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1101164A (en) * | 1977-04-30 | 1981-05-19 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for producing fibers for optical transmission |
DE2926177C2 (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1986-02-06 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Dust-free furnace for the production of optical glass fibers from a rod-shaped preform |
DE3025680A1 (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1982-02-04 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | High-temp. furnace heating element - is graphite cylinder heated by high-frequency induction and platinum or iridium coated |
-
1983
- 1983-04-11 EP EP83901557A patent/EP0110899B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-11 DE DE8383901557T patent/DE3369452D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-11 WO PCT/US1983/000512 patent/WO1983004364A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1983-05-26 IT IT21323/83A patent/IT1171073B/en active
- 1983-05-27 GB GB08314808A patent/GB2121028B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3404973A (en) * | 1963-03-05 | 1968-10-08 | Saint Gobain | Glass sheet forming apparatus with coated silica core roller and roller |
US3362803A (en) * | 1964-03-05 | 1968-01-09 | Fed Republic Of Germany | Method of making glass or ceramic covered wires |
US4052153A (en) * | 1975-03-06 | 1977-10-04 | Prolizenz Ag | Heat resistant crucible |
US4159891A (en) * | 1975-03-12 | 1979-07-03 | Prolizenz Ag | Crucible |
US4090851A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1978-05-23 | Rca Corporation | Si3 N4 Coated crucible and die means for growing single crystalline silicon sheets |
US4356152A (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1982-10-26 | Rca Corporation | Silicon melting crucible |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Optical Fiber Transmission II Technical Digest, (Tu 85-1), February 1977, by RUNK, "A Zirconia Induction Furnace for Drawing Precision Silica Wave Guides". * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0195456A2 (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-24 | CSELT Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. | Method of surfacing the heater of a furnace for optical fibre drawing |
EP0195456A3 (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1988-11-23 | CSELT Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. | Method of surfacing the heater of a furnace for optical fibre drawing |
EP0232077A2 (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1987-08-12 | Corning Incorporated | Heating oven for preparing optical waveguide fibers |
EP0232077A3 (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1989-03-01 | Corning Glass Works | Heating oven for preparing optical waveguide fibers |
US4950319A (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1990-08-21 | Corning Incorporated | Heating oven for preparing optical waveguide fibers |
GB2192698B (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1990-06-20 | Stc Plc | Tube furnace |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2121028A (en) | 1983-12-14 |
GB2121028B (en) | 1986-03-19 |
IT8321323A0 (en) | 1983-05-26 |
GB8314808D0 (en) | 1983-07-06 |
IT1171073B (en) | 1987-06-10 |
EP0110899A4 (en) | 1984-09-28 |
EP0110899B1 (en) | 1987-01-21 |
EP0110899A1 (en) | 1984-06-20 |
DE3369452D1 (en) | 1987-02-26 |
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