WO1983004301A1

WO1983004301A1 - Device for propulsing at very high speed one or a plurality of projectiles and means for implementing such device

Info

Publication number: WO1983004301A1
Application number: PCT/FR1983/000101
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jean-Paul Charbonnier; Olivier De La Roche Kerandraon; Jacques Chatel De Brancion
Original assignee: SOCIETE PLOEMELOISE DE FINANCEMENT (SàRL)
Priority date: 1982-05-25
Filing date: 1983-05-25
Publication date: 1983-12-08
Also published as: IT8321260A0; PT76750B; GR79290B; ES522695A1; JPS59501076A; IT1166512B; OA07439A; PT76750A; AU1555183A; IT8321260A1; EP0110911A1

Abstract

Device associating one or a plurality of projectiles to a hollow explosive according to particular configurations, and characterized in that the cavity (6) open downstream of the hollow charge (4) is filled with an intermediate medium which is optionally composite, liquid, pasty or deformable or becoming pasty liquid or deformable at any time of the utilization of the device and characterized in that the free orifice of said cavity is plugged at least partially by a section of the projectile (5) and/or by an intermediate body providing for the protection and/or sealing of the projectile. Means for launching such device are also disclosed. Application: arming, mines.

Description

APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING AT ONE HIGH SPEED ONE OR MORE PROJECTILES AND MEANS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS APPARATUS.

The subject of the present invention is a device comprising one or more projectiles associated with a hollow explosive according to particular configurations as well as specific specific means of implementing this device.

Tests were carried out around the 1950s for the propulsion of small projectiles at very high speed. In these devices, a cylindrical charge conventionally propels the projectile, the forces being transmitted to the projectile by a layer of oil interposed between the charge and the projectile (J. of Applied Physics 26.4 (1955) p.776 ). The performances obtained remain limited.

The present invention aims to provide a device for propelling at very high speed and with sufficient precision by means of a minimal amount of explosive one or more projectiles adapted to specific purposes, as well as different means of implementation and specific specific systems that can integrate this device.

According to the invention, this result is obtained with a device of the type described above, characterized in that the cavity of the explosive which is or green downstream is filled with an intermediate medium that may be composite, liquid or pasty, or deformable, or becoming liquid or pasty or deformable at any time during the use of the device, and that the free orifice of said cavity is closed at least partially by a section of the projectile and / or by an intermediate body ensuring the protection of the projectile (s) and / or sealing.

Advantageously, the intermediate medium which may be composite will consist at least partially of a more or less viscous liquid or a fat. The combined effect of the excavated load and the above-mentioned intermediate medium which is projected downstream is thus obtained, an effect directed along the axis of the cavity which is similar to that of the hydraulic press. and which propels the projectile at a very high speed.

The operation of this invention is as follows. The explosion of the explosive drives downstream the intermediate medium which projects the projectile (s) downstream and this, naturally, along the axis defined below. Indeed, both with regard to its masses, its volumes, its surfaces and its characteristics, the explosive, the shape of which approximates in certain points to those known under the name of "hollow charges", is symmetrical with respect to an axis rectilinear which is the axis of acceleration and by that that of the beginning of the trajectory and which will be called

"the axis". More generally, this symmetry will be revolutionary. The exterior of the load is preferably cylindrical and can end in its upstream part by a truncated cone or by a point. However, while remaining symmetrical with respect to. the axis, depending on the explosives, the shape of the interior cavity and the projectile (s), the exterior shape of the charge may be particular, for example, that of a trunk of a pyramid or cone, or of a surface of revolution generated by a continuous or broken line, straight and / or curved. The explosive used for the charge will be a conventional explosive or not. The explosive will naturally have a cavity symmetrical with respect to the axis which will be closed upstream and open downstream. The generators of the cavity may be continuous or broken lines, straight and / or curved, concave or convex; apart from the specific zones, these lines are parallel to the axis and / or deviate therefrom from upstream to downstream.

This cavity will be filled with the above intermediate medium which is more or less viscous and more or less deformable and / or compressible and which is intended to be driven by the explosion downstream along the axis.

This intermediate medium may be of any kind, possibly composite and include in particular at least for example, but not limited to, a liquid, oil, fat, or more generally a more or less viscous, compressible, pasty or even deformable body. .

One can also incorporate between the explosive and the projectile one or more elements which are pasty and / or deformable at any time during the use of the ammunition. It can thus for example be a metal with a low melting point or soft, as well as a plastic material.

This intermediate medium, which is intended to transmit the effect of the explosion to the projectile while regulating it and protecting the projectile, may be homogeneous or composed of various constituents having a specific role, for example protecting the ammunition or the projectile.

The intermediate element can be neutral or possibly combustible or vaporizable. In the event that this intermediate medium is not sufficiently fluid, deformable or compressible depending on the desired effect, the cavity may be covered in whole or in part, but symmetrically with respect to the axis, of a homogeneous material elastic compressible and / or or arranged in the form of a sleeve. Such material can also be deposited or attached to the rear of the projectile for the purpose of protection, regularization and / or sealing. In addition, this sleeve can be extended to avoid direct projectile-charge contact. The emissions from the explosion of an in-ground explosive according to the invention symmetrical with respect to its axis are oriented along this axis, some being centrifugal and others centripetal. The centrifugal fraction will eventually be braked by means of an external case and those which are centripetal will combine to take an axial direction downstream. The effects of the explosion in the axial direction will undergo an acceleration which is a function of the geometry of the load.

As this charge will have been previously furnished according to the subject of the invention with a more or less viscous and more or less elastic and deformable intermediate medium, the latter will be expelled with a very high speed and a very high pressure along the axis downstream, which will activate the projectile. The projectile will have an axis of distribution of masses, volumes and surfaces which will be the axis defined above. As a rule, the thickness of the explosive decreases or remains constant from upstream to downstream.

The open part downstream of the cavity will be closed in whole or in part by the projectile (s) and its or their possible sealing, protection, and damping devices; all of these elements will be naturally symmetrical with respect to the axis both in terms of masses, volumes and surfaces. The projectile can have various shapes, for example a ball shape, or any other shape allowing to favor the penetration in the air and to limit friction in the air, like that of a "j avelot" for example. Particularly in the case of a broken line generator cavity, for example in steps, the clean projectile ment said may also be constituted by a plate or by a flock or the like filled with a plurality of elementary projectiles.

The projectile could, for example, simply be crimped or glued to the end of the excavated charge so as to completely or partially seal off one of its sections, the opening of the cavity of the excavated charge. Thus a high proportion of the energy of the explosive is transmitted to the projectile with the minimum of lateral loss. The projectile should preferably be adjusted so as to minimize leakage.

As a variant, the projectile may be composite and contain, for example, mercury, depleted uranium or a fusible material allowing fragmentation or aerodynamic profiling, this in a manner known for known projectiles. It may also be provided with a magnesium envelope which makes it an incendiary projectile, or conversely be provided on the head with a heat shield limiting its deformation at high speed. It may also contain a delayed explosive, obviously compatible with the propellant charge of the projectile and with the treatment undergone by the projectile.

In the case of the use of magnesium or other fusible or combustible component, it also has the function of adapting the shape of the projectile to the conditions of better penetration into the air.

Naturally, all of the embodiments of conventional projectiles can be applied to the projectile propelled by a device according to the invention, in particular those comprising an extremely hard piercing part.

The projectile can also be self-blasting in whole or in part under the effect of the explosion.

To further accentuate the effect produced by the intermediate medium and by the in-ground charge, the projectile can be kept in the explosive charge by a retarder mechanical with a determined tared breaking point.

The explosive can be initiated by a simple detonator on a fixed or mobile launching means.

The detonation system rigorously symmetrical with respect to the axis will be placed near the upstream end of the explosive.

In order to better benefit from the hydraulic press effect, the rear of the projectile may include a conical or curved or prismatic concavity, this concavity being able to be extended by cylindrical or prismatic drilling, the assembly being naturally symmetrical to the axis of ammunition.

Certain types of ammunition in accordance with the invention can be fixed on any support, possibly mobile and orientable, which will probably be destroyed by its implementation; other types will be propelled overall advantageously, by a primary means of propulsion which will allow the explosion to intervene in the open air at a sufficient distance from the launcher. The primary means may be a conventional propellant charge which will have the function of releasing the vehicle from the launching device.

The charge explosion, the main object above of the invention, preferably occurs only at a certain distance from the launcher. The primary charge may impart a more or less rapid rotation ensuring the stabilization of the device.

The primary means of propulsion can also be a mechanical or fluidic or electromagnetic device, the main thing being to release the secondary load from the launching device and to stabilize its axis at sufficient distance from the launcher having the activation of the secondary load object principal of the invention so as not to cause prejudicial damage to the launcher. The explosive charge of the device could be surrounded by an external lateral and even upstream sleeve which will reinforce the useful effects of the explosion and / or by allowing the stabilization and the orientation of the axis of the device after it has left its launcher. This charge is activated by one or more detonators having a delay device, an electric ignition or any equivalent means.

The invention finds an application in armaments or even for drilling, this without limitation. Given the theoretical maximum speeds that can be reached (of the order of 20,000 m / s), it becomes possible to expel out of the Earth's attraction by high altitude shots (speed of release: 11,200 m / s ) various materials, in particular radioactive or other waste, which one wishes to get rid of by directing them towards the intersidereal spaces. This can be achieved from fixed positions or from balloons, rockets, or planes equipped or able to drop launch containers directed upwards. The present invention makes it possible to propel projectiles at very high speed in a simple, economical and efficient manner. It also allows applications with particular characteristics characterized in particular by extremely high firing rates which cannot be obtained by current techniques.

It is thus possible to send almost simultaneously many projectiles at a very high speed with secondary effect a very important shock wave which can be higher than Mach 12, which is interesting for an anti-aircraft defense. Depending on the rate of fire, by burst or burst, we obtain a pulsating effect amplifying the destructive effects.

Ionization and infrared effects are obtained which are particularly advantageous for these applications. The devices according to the invention are suitable for launching by conventional weapons such as rocket launchers or cannons of various types.

They can also be launched by a fixed launcher, used only once or by a fixed launcher secured to a possibly remote-controlled aiming means; in this case, it is not necessary to use a primary means of propulsion.

Thus, for example, the machines can be transported and kept in the storage containers described below which can also serve as a launcher (s) by being associated with a known pointing device.

On the other hand, the above container according to the invention comprising possibly divergent launching means can be dropped by parachute, bomb or rocket, which will allow it to "mesh" an entire area. In the case of a parachute, we will include a delay between shots, to better allow to ensure a multiplicity of objectives. Given the rusticity of the device, it is possible to drop a container-launcher. The container-launcher then affects a complex movement of rocking and / or rotation which can be natural or induced. The firing of ammunition which can intervene by burst, burst and / or blow by blow can be caused in particular by passive or active directional detection of an objective (Infra-red, laser, radar, etc.) when the detector arranged on the container hung a target during the above complex movements.

For a specific application, the device will be integrated into a conventional projectile by providing it with a retarder adjusted by proximity detection, by delay, or by telemetry or by any other means. This preserves the speed and precision of the conventional projectile by adding the performance of the munition according to the invention. Therefore, the implementation of the invention allows use existing and conventional artillery and rocket launchers. The delay can also be based, for example, on a "window system" known to those skilled in the art. On the other hand, the devices can be integrated into missiles, possibly rotary, fitted with one or more directional detectors combined with one or more launchers arranged in launch batteries for said devices. A detector can have a global, partial or, ultimately, only one launcher action. It is also possible to envisage a single but mobile detector successively controlling each launcher or series of launchers.

The ammunition according to the invention is particularly suitable for launching by tube possibly perforated for decompression. These tubes will be arranged to enable them to implement the devices according to the invention as a function on the one hand of the type of primary charge and on the other hand of the mode of supply, as well as of the mode of firing , problems experienced by those skilled in the art.

They can be batteries of parallel launchers, convergent or divergent, depending on the desired effect which can also be integrated into a container. The firing of the tubes could obviously be provided with any specific firing programming means, with a known sighting device, in particular by telemetry, radar or the like.

Finally, according to another characteristic of the invention, the same launching element, such as a tube possibly forming part of a bundle, may contain several munitions in accordance with the invention placed end to end and / or laterally, possibly separated from each other by a heat shield, such as for example a fire-resistant foam. In this case, elementary launchers such as tubes may be provided with as many ignition points as there are end-to-end ammunition or have a single point ignition, the elementary launcher then comprising a continuous supply device, for example by spring or compressed fluid, bringing each munition successively to the point of ignition of the primary charge. In this case, a blocking means is provided making it possible to fire only part of the ammunition if desired.

The rearming of each elementary launcher can be carried out separately. It is also possible to rearm all the elementary launchers together with suitable containers which may include ammunition of different types, on the model well known to specialists in REYFFIE machine guns. It is thus possible to provide several pathways of the loading containers making it possible to have various types of possible ammunition, with the rapid passage from one to the other. It is generally the design of the device according to the invention, its structure, the small amount of energy involved in the primary charge which allow rapid rates.

The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description below given with reference to the appended drawings given by way of nonlimiting examples in which:

- Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a device according to the invention, with a primary load, - Figures 2 to 30 illustrate different variants of implementation of the device.

The device (1) according to the invention shown in Figure 1 comprises a primary charge (2), an initiating means (3), an explosive charge (4) and a projectile (5). In this embodiment, the projectile is substantially spherical.

The load (4) comprises a cavity (6) filled with liquid or paste, according to the essential characteristic of the invention. The cavity may have any possible longitudinal section, for example conical, frustoconical or cylindrical, the main thing being that the explosion of this charge results in a propulsion downstream centered on the axis of the device object of the invention.

Thus the bottom of the cavity can be flat, conye xed, concave or even wavy depending on the desired effects. The function of the primary charge (2) is only to disengage the device from the launching means and possibly print a rotation to this assembly. It has been stated previously that this primary charge is optional.

In the case of a primary means of propulsion other than a charge (2), a possible rotation can be printed to the munition by another means.

The projectile (5) closes by its section schematically in dotted lines the cavity of the charge. It can be crimped or glued to the outside edge of the cavity.

In the variant of FIG. 2, the projectile assumes the shape of a javelin (7). It will be understood that multiple forms can be used. In the implementation of FIG. 3, the device comprises a retarder (8) which keeps the projectile attached to the charge as long as possible. It is for example a simple wire anchored to the explosive.

There is shown in Figure 4 another possible structure of the load, which like all the others can be externally cylindrical, the main thing being that it has an axis of symmetry, said axis being coincident with that of the cavity and that of projectile or all of the projectiles. In this embodiment the body (9) of the charge is for example cylindrical, but its rear part opposite to the projectile is cut into a point (10) which reinforces the action of the charge excavated without hampering the following projectiles because in this case the forces generated by the explosion upstream are normal to external generators of the tip (10).

FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment with the projection of several projectiles (11,12,13) of identical or different structures from each other, the main thing being symmetry with respect to the axis.

In the variant of Figure 6, the projectile consists of a flock or the like (14) filled with a plurality of balls or the like. In this example, there is shown a stepped excavation (15). In Figure 7, there is shown an inner damping sleeve which can be continuous (16) or interrupted (17). In both cases the projectile is isolated from the load on the edge of the cavity by the continuous sleeve (16) or by an insulating strip (18). Preferably, the devices which have just been described may be arranged, at least at the level of the body of the load, in a rigid case. This case makes it possible to give the device any specific external shape. It may also be a fragmentation coating. It will be understood that very numerous modifications can be made to the embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention, within the limit of technical equivalents and knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Thus for example, the examples of implementation represented in FIGS. 8 to 19.

In Figure 8 it is a projectile (19) with fragmentation, with fusible material (20) at the contact between the projectile and the edge of the cavity. Advantageously, a damping sleeve (21) will be placed in the cavity. In Figure 9 there is shown a device (19 ') of the same type as the previous one, but the cavity has a convex bottom (22).

In FIG. 10, a projectile (19 ") is shown of the same type as the previous one, but under-calibrated, which gives it a higher speed. In this case the fusible material (20) also serves as guidance and the jolted advance (33) of the explosive emits gases which open the road to the projectile.

In FIG. 11, the rear pre-guiding of the projectile (19 '' ') is carried out by a sleeve (40) in which the tail of the projectile slides.

The same goes for the piriform projectile (23) of FIG. 12. In these two cases, the zone of fusible material (20) is preserved as well as the advance of the internally beveled explosive (33) in a rectilinear or curvilinear fashion. which favors the departure of the projectile.

In all structures, the intermediate hair can be single-component or be multi-component.

In the case of the monoπatî era environment, in addition to a more or less pasty or greasy body, it may be a fusible or deformable material which also acts as a joint and whose thickness may be constant or variable. In Figure 13 there is simply shown a spherical projectile (24) with a single layer of intermediate elements possibly composite, fusible or deformable (25) whose thickness can be constant or variable.

In Figure 14, there is shown the same device with stepped load (26,27,28,29).

In FIG. 15 there is shown a structure identical to that of FIG. 13, with an ovoid projectile (30). In FIG. 16, a variant has been illustrated with a shot load (31).

FIG. 17 illustrates an embodiment with a charge having a cylindrical or substantially cylindrical cavity, the projectile (32) being this lightened structure, and possibly of the shot type. Convex bottoms

(22) or dishes represented in Figures S to 12 and 17 to 19 make it possible to limit the harmfulness of certain effects of localization of the explosion of the charge on the projectiles and possibly to allow positive effects. In FIG. 18, a device is shown of which the cavity has a concave bottom (22) and the inner sides a frustoconical surface (34) flared downstream. In addition, the outer surface of the explosive (35) is also frustoconical. In Figure 19, there is shown a device in which the generators of the cavity are curved, convex (36) in a variant, concave (37) in the other as well as the outer surfaces (38) and (39 ) of the explosive. In Figure 20 there is shown a device in which the projectile is constituted by a plate (39). This plate can be homogeneous and possibly autoforgeable or fragmentable or even be composite and include a large number of elementary projectiles held integral with each other by any means such as sandwich and / or hardener. This plate can be flat, cone-shaped, parabolic or prismatic depending on the desired effect, provided, however, that its axis of symmetry is that of the load.

FIG. 21 represents a projectile (40) which is composed by the stacking of the conical plates (41) and (42).

Naturally, the plate projectiles can have a concave or convex shape with respect to the charge.

In Figure 22 there is shown only the median longitudinal section of a cylindrical or prismatic projectile (43) which is more particularly suitable for loads hollowed out in a cylindrical or almost cylindrical manner and which have the following characteristics.

The rear is in the form of a cone (44) hollowed out inside the projectile; this cone (44) can be extended at its top by a cylinder (45). The advantage of this projectile is to better receive the impulse given by the ammunition. Naturally, this projectile may be composite and have its front part (46) harder than its rear and middle part (47). The front part can have a variable shape, depending on the desired effects. The figure. 23 represents in its charge a projectile (47) derived from that of FIG. 22 without channel (45) and with a rounded front (48) and a concavity with a vilinous cur profile according to the nonlimiting modes of implementation referenced (49) and (50). The profile (50) has an inflection point.

In Figure 24 there is shown a device similar to that of Figure 5 but whose projectiles (11), (12) and (13) are interconnected by a device (59) for securing the projectiles in good position in front the corresponding cavities. This device (59) will naturally be destroyed by the explosion of the charge. The device (59) can also be profiled forward. FIG. 25 represents a conventional projectile according to (19) or (39) which is implemented from a certain number of elementary cavities (51).

In Figures 26 and 27 there is shown a lug in the middle of the cavity. The shape of this lug can be arbitrary provided that it is symmetrical with respect to the axis of the load. The interest of this lug is to avoid focusing the explosion.

In FIG. 26, this lug (52) consists of the explosive of the charge or an explosive of different quality, while in FIG. 27, the lug (54) which is of an inert material is shown. Different profiles 53, 54, 56, 57, 58 of this lug are shown by way of example and without limitation.

Figures 28 to 30 show other embodiments of the invention which, it should be remembered, is based mainly on the hydraulic press effect of a more or less pasty body included in a cavity of an explosive . It is therefore possible to apply the invention to loads which no longer have an axis of symmetry, but a plane of symmetry. The device shown in Figure 28 shows two views of a flat explosive cylinder (60), the charge of which is hollowed out around the periphery symmetrically by a groove (61) filled like the cavities described above.

This flat cylinder is surrounded by a crown made of fragmentable materials (62), intended to be disintegrated by the explosion of the charge (60) and to generate numerous fragmentary projectiles sent radially.

In order for the symmetry to be complete, the priming device (s) are located so that the explosion is balanced and homogeneous. Of course, the crown (62) can be constituted like the plate-shaped ammunition described above. Likewise, the groove (61) can be replaced by a whole series of small elementary cavities such as 63. This cylinder can also be pierced concentrically and be provided with an annular ignition.

FIG. 29 shows an annular device which does not send the projectiles in the same plane. In this example the cavity is not perpendicular to the axis but positioned on the generator of a cone.

Of course the profile of these grooves can be adapted to the projectiles to be launched and one can use all the profiles described above.

In addition, the devices according to the invention may comprise several superimposed grooves or be formed by a stack. Such cylinders can be used to equip mines which may be jumping or be integrated into bombs possibly fitted with a device for setting fire to fire, so as to regulate the height of explosion relative to the so let ot am a pl was created in the wake of a vertically falling bomb.

This kind of charge can also be placed in shells or missiles.

Figure 30 depicts a straight load having a width much larger than its height. From these examples, we can multiply the elements and the forms.

To achieve neighboring effects, it is naturally possible to juxtapose a number of elementary charges described at the start on a crown or any other form whatsoever.

In the first case of the cylinder, the direction of the projectiles can be adjusted to a certain extent by varying the position of the detonator (s). Other modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Thus, it is possible to put polyester or deformable or breakable annexes but endowed with a certain rigidity which can be incorporated into the munition to position the various constituents and / or isolate them from each other. Such additives would make it possible to use pasty or powdery explosives, to seal the pasty bodies from the cavity and to position the munition.

They can also ensure the profiling of the ammunition and / or comprise, in particular at the front, a device allowing the ignition of the charge by contact or by proximity.

Claims

1. Device associating one or more projectiles with an explosive dug according to particular configurations also characterized in that the cavity (6) open downstream of the dug charge (4) is filled with an intermediate medium, possibly composite, liquid, pasty or deformable or becoming liquid, pasty or deformable at any time during the use of the device and the free orifice of said cavity is closed at least partially by a section of the projectile (5) or by an intermediate body providing protection . projectile and / or sealing.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate medium consists of a liquid having a certain viscosity, in a fat or oil, in a paste or in a fusible and / or deformable material, or in a combination of two or more bodies above.

3. Device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the explosive is symmetrical with respect to a rectilinear axis coincident with the axis of the trajectory of the projectile.

4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cavity is lined at least partially, but symmetrically with respect to the axis, of a homogeneous elastic compressible material, possibly soft forming a sleeve (17) .

5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the sleeve (16) is extended to avoid direct projectile-charge contact.

6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a homogeneous elastic compressible elastic material possibly soft attached or disposed at the rear of the projectile.

7. Device according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the projectile (5) has an axis of symmetry coincident with or parallel to that of the charge (4).

8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the projectile has a ball shape.

9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the projectile affects a form of javelin (7), pear (23) or plate (39).

10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cavity has a broken line generator (15).

11. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the charge cavity is cylindrical.

12. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the generators of the cavity are convex (36).

13. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the generators of the cavity are concave (37).

14. Device according to claim 9, in which the projectile is a plate, characterized in that the latter is planar, conical, parabolic or prismatic.

15. Device according to any one of claims 9 and 14, characterized in that it comprises a stack of conical plates (41,42).

16. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the projectile is, at its rear part, in the form of a cone (44,49) hollowed out inside the projectile.

17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the cone (44) is extended at its top by a cylinder (45).

18. Device according to any one of the resells icat ions 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of projectiles (11,12,13).

19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the projectiles (11,12,13) are interconnected by a device (59) subjected them and tying in position.

20. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the charge cavity comprises a lug (52) in explosive, or inert.

21. Device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the load is in the form of a flat cylinder (60) whose load is provided on the periphery symmetrically by a groove (61) .

22. Device according to claim 21, characterized in that the cylinder (60) is surrounded by a crown made of fragmentable materials (62).

23. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the explosive charge is staged (26,27,28,29), each stage being separated from the next and the last of the projectile by a layer of 'intermediate element (25).

24. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the projectile is fixed in particular by crimping or gluing on the end of the load.

25. Device according to any one of claims l to 24, characterized in that the projectile is composite and in particular comprises one or more elements chosen from the group consisting of mercury, depleted uranium, fusible material, magnesium envelope, heat shield; explosive retardant, tungsten, steel, lead, etc.

26. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the projectile is held in the explosive by a retarder (8) with a tared breaking point.

27. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the explosive is initiated by a detonator, or by a fixed or mobile launch means.

28. Device according to claim 27, comprising a detonator, characterized in that the latter is rigorously symmetrical and is arranged near the upstream end of the explosive.

29. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that it is propelled by a primary propulsion means.

30. Device according to claim 29, characterized in that the primary propulsion means is a conventional charge (2) which can optionally provide it with axial rotation.

31. Device according to claim 29, characterized in that the primary propulsion means is a mechanical or fluidic means which can optionally provide it with axial rotation.

32. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that the explosive charge is surrounded by an external Danchon.

33. Device according to any one of claims

1 to 32, characterized in that the rear part of the body (9) of the load is cut into a point.

34. Device according to any one of claims

1 to 33, characterized in that the projectile is constituted by a flock (14) comprising a plurality of elementary projectiles.

35. Device according to any one of claims

1 to 34, characterized by a bottom (22) of the flat or convex cavity.

36. Device according to any one of claims

1 to 35, characterized in that the downstream part of the explosive exceeds the junction with the projectile and has an internal bevel (33).

37. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the upstream part of the ammunition comprises a sleeve (40) in which the rear end of the projectiles slides.

38. Means for launching a device according to any one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that it consists essentially of a tube.

39. Launching means according to claim 38, characterized in that the devices are transported and kept in storage containers which serve as launchers, these being flangable flanged on a pointing carriage.

40. Launching means according to any one of claims 38 and 39, characterized in that the launcher is a fixed orientable launcher used only once.

41. Launching means according to any one of claims 38 and 39, characterized in that the devices are released by parachute or bomb in an assembly comprising a plurality of parallel launchers, converging or ensuring a certain divergence and provided with their systems pointing.

42. Launching means according to any one of claims 38 to 41, characterized in that it is combined into a battery of elementary means.

43. Launching means according to claim 42, characterized in that the tubes of the battery are parallel, diverging or converging.

44. Launching means according to any one of claims 42 and 43, characterized in that the firing of the vehicles is simultaneous or sequential.

45. Launching means according to any one of claims 42 to 44, characterized in that it comprises a programming and aiming means.

46. Launching means according to any one of claims 42 to 45, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of devices placed end to end or laterally, separated from each other by an optionally integrated heat shield.

47. Launching means according to claim 46, characterized in that it comprises as many ignition points as there are ammunition.

48. Launching means according to claim 46, characterized in that it comprises a single ignition point and a device for continuous supply, by spring or compressed fluid with a locking means making it possible to pull only a part ammunition.

49. Launching means according to any one of claims 42 to 48, characterized in that each of them is reset separately.

50. Launching means according to any one of claims 42 to 48, characterized in that said devices are all rearmed simultaneously, possibly by containers comprising ammunition of different types.

51. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that it comprises a deformable or breakable annex incorporated in the munition, serving to position the various constituents and / or to isolate them from each other.