EP0728293B1 - Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting - Google Patents

Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0728293B1
EP0728293B1 EP95930577A EP95930577A EP0728293B1 EP 0728293 B1 EP0728293 B1 EP 0728293B1 EP 95930577 A EP95930577 A EP 95930577A EP 95930577 A EP95930577 A EP 95930577A EP 0728293 B1 EP0728293 B1 EP 0728293B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
launcher
munition according
subprojectile
energy
ball
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP95930577A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0728293A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Sauvestre
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/10—Ball or slug shotgun cartridges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ammunition for firearms small, medium or large caliber, and more particularly a new double penetration bullet with reduced range, type comprising a sub-projectile associated with a launcher, powered by a propulsion system.
  • Arrow type ammunition is known in the fields sports and military, and for example, patent FR-A-2,335,818 describes a hunting ammunition comprising a projectile undersized stabilized by empennage, associated with a hoof launcher.
  • the latter is made of a material capable of fragment at the exit of the barrel of the weapon, and the dispersion fragments then represents a security risk to the user.
  • Patent FR-A-2,555,728 describes a munition of the same type, that is to say comprising a sub-projectile stabilized by empennage, associated with a detachable launcher which has the effect of ensuring guiding and sealing during the journey in the tube of the weapon.
  • the sub-projectile has a tapered shape, and is made of a high density material, giving it a significant surface energy upon impact. This characteristic has the disadvantage of not often causing only slight injuries to game, the sub-projectile can indeed cross the soft flesh of game without meeting hard game.
  • the projectile can be trained to a long distance if the target is missed, due to its good trajectory stability, and it can then constitute danger to people nearby.
  • Patent FR-A-2,627,854 relates to hunting ammunition comprising a projectile constituted by an internal element of which the front and side walls are covered by an element sleeve-shaped outer.
  • the internal metallic element has a neutralizing head, integral with a rod rear on which a hammer mass can slide for increase the neutralizing effect of the projectile upon impact.
  • the external element remains attached to the internal element on the entire trajectory of the projectile; it cannot be assimilated to a launcher like the one used in arrow balls and cannot provide the same benefits.
  • projectiles of this type have the disadvantage to present a strong aerodynamic drag and a sensitivity crosswind. They also have a certain propensity for ricochets on obstacles such as tree trunks.
  • the present invention relates to ammunition of the type arrow, comprising a sub-projectile associated with a launcher at caliber of the weapon coming off under the effect of aerodynamic forces at the exit of the barrel of the weapon.
  • the set constituted by the sub-projectile (or naked ball) and the launcher is included in a cartridge further comprising a primed socket and a propellant charge.
  • This ammunition has characteristics allowing him to avoid the disadvantages of aforementioned known projectiles, and it can be used in particular in hunting weapons as well as training weapons military.
  • the energy element forms the front part of the sub-projectile, and it is made up preferably a hollow external element and an element full interior, connected together by vanes, the element interior being of smaller diameter and arranged behind the outer element.
  • the element external energetic form with the conical head of the body of the sub-projectile, a central nozzle communicating with the annular nozzles, formed in the energetic element of revolution, around the conical head.
  • the energy element can be realized in accordance with the invention so that the outside diameter of its external element is substantially the caliber of the weapon.
  • the launcher is placed on the sub-projectile, behind the external energy element.
  • the external energy element can be also under-calibrated, but its outside diameter remains greater to that of the body of the sub-projectile.
  • the shape of the launcher is adapted so as to completely cover the sub-projectile, i.e. the body and the energetic element of revolution.
  • the inside diameter of the outside energy element nozzle shape can be greater than, equal to, or less than outer diameter of the inner energy element.
  • the energetic element of revolution can be separable from body on which it is mounted, but according to a variant, the body and the energy element can be made in one single homogeneous part, in the same material.
  • the energy element can be made of so as to be fragmentable upon impact on the target.
  • This effect can be achieved by using a material with a appropriate impact resistance, and in this case the body of the sub-projectile and the energy element are made of two materials different and are assembled during manufacture.
  • the energetic element of revolution be made of a material with lower impact resistance than the body of the sub-projectile, made of hard material.
  • breaking points in the energy element for example at the connection between the outer element and the inner element, and preferably at the base of the blades separating the annular nozzles or in the thickness of the central nozzle.
  • the body of the sub-projectile and the energetic element of revolution can be manufactured in one and the same room.
  • the front face of the energy element of revolution has an internal chamfer.
  • the internal surface of the energy element of revolution has a tapered shape following which the inside diameter of its front part is slightly greater than the inside diameter of its rear part.
  • a complete bullet (projectile) according to the invention is composed of the two essential elements constituted by the ball naked (sub-projectile), and the launcher.
  • the launcher can be made according to the techniques known, and it can be in a single monobloc element or in several elements joined longitudinally. He can too be divided into at least two monobloc elements separated transversely. According to the invention, it can be advantageous that the launcher has a rear face having a cut-out corresponding to the tail of the sub-projectile.
  • a seal may be provided between the body of the bullet (sub-projectile) and the launcher, and preferably a ring seal is placed on a plate thrust between the head and the body of the ball body, in order to ensure gas-tightness after propulsion charge fire.
  • the seal between the launcher and the barrel can be insured, in accordance with the invention, by means of a lip annular formed on the periphery of the rear face of the launcher, or at least one element of the launcher, so that this annular lip is pressed against the wall of the tube by gas pressure after ignition of the charge.
  • Figure 1 a schematic section of a complete cartridge according to the present invention, comprising a ball complete, consisting of a bare ball and a pitcher, and a primed cartridge and a propellant charge.
  • Figure 2 a longitudinal section of the bare ball of the Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 a front view of a simple variant of the bare ball in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 a section of the pitcher associated with the bare ball shown in Figure 1.
  • FIGS 5-8 variant embodiments in accordance with present invention.
  • the cartridge (C) includes the bare ball (2), the launcher (3), as well as the primed socket (D) containing a propellant charge, constituted here by a powder (P) of conventional type.
  • the conical head (5) of the body (4) of the naked ball (2) is designed in accordance with the present invention to provide several functions, and more particularly to promote the flow of air through the annular nozzles (6), allow a good catch of the ball on the targets encountered, and penetrate matter with neutralizing power Very important.
  • the core (7) is provided with teeth (8) cooperating with the grooves circular (9) of the interior energy element (10).
  • the tail (18) is used to stabilize the bare ball (2) on its path. It is made either in the same material as the body (4), that is to say preferably brass, either in a technopolymer type material.
  • the energy element (25) is made of a material dense, for example lead, but any other metallic material high density may be suitable, for example a metal alloy of appropriate density or alternatively a metallic organic mixed alloy.
  • the two elements (10) and (26) of the energy element (25) are interconnected by the vanes (27) whose number depends on flight characteristics, mechanical behavior of the full ball (1) during the propulsion phase, as well as the behavior of the bare ball (2) during penetration in the target.
  • the number of blades is generally between 2 and 8 and is preferably equal to 4. These blades have, in their outer part, a recess (28) cooperating with the internal part (29) of the launcher (3), the latter being thus guided in its front part.
  • the external energy element (26) has on its external part of the circular parts (30) as well as grooves (31).
  • the circular parts (30) have a diameter (c) less than or at most equal to the outside diameter of the launcher (3), that the number and the width of said spans are the as small as possible, and that the grooves (31) have a diameter (d) less than the outlet diameter of a weapon barrel "full choke”.
  • the front face (32) of the external element (26) has the smallest possible surface.
  • the latter is conditioned by the importance of the internal chamfer (33) which has as another function of promoting on the one hand the penetration of the air in the central nozzle (34) and on the other hand the fragmentation in open cone at the start of penetration of the naked ball (2) in the target by bursting of the element (26).
  • the rear face (35) of the external element (26) is combined with the front face (36) of the launcher (3) to ensure the mechanical strength of the external energy element (26) during the propulsion phase of the complete ball (1).
  • the part inner (37) of the outer member (26) defines the nozzle central (34) of cylindro-conical shape cooperating with the annular nozzles (6) of a number equal to the number of blades (27).
  • the inside diameter (e) of the rear part of the nozzle central (34) is greater than or at least equal to the outside diameter (b) the internal energy element (10) and that of the push plate (11).
  • this nozzle central (34) can be simply cylindrical in shape, constant inside diameter from front to back.
  • longitudinal fracture initiators of different numbers and shapes, can be practiced in the thickness of the cylindrical wall of the element.
  • the shape of the annular nozzles (6) has contours curvilinear.
  • the precise sizing of the nozzles (34) and (6) is determined by the usual methods of the technique in depending on the flight characteristics to be obtained, characteristics of penetration into the target as well as the mechanical strength of the energy element (25) during the phase to launch the full ball.
  • the nozzles can be of any geometric shape, and for example square, triangular, round, oblong, or conical.
  • the inner energy element (10) has a diameter outside (b) less than or at most equal to the inside diameter (e) of the rear part of the central nozzle (34). he has circular grooves (9) on its inner face cooperating with the teeth (8) of the core (7). Its front face (38) comprises a conical part (39) forming the internal part annular nozzles (6) in continuity with the conical head (5) of the body (4) of the naked ball (2). Its back side combines with the front face of the push plate (11) level of the interface (12).
  • the body (4) associated with the interior energy element (10) composes the arrow (40) of the naked ball (2).
  • the arrow (40) is directed along its entire trajectory to the target by the external energy element (26).
  • the launcher (3) shown in Figure 4, is manufactured made of low density and high flexibility material (for example a technopolymer such as a polyamide).
  • the launcher (3) is in one piece and can slide freely until it comes into contact with the external element (26), the step of the blade (27) and the thrust plate (11). It features on its outer part of the narrow members (41) allowing guiding the complete bullet (1) in the barrel of the weapon.
  • decompression grooves (42) ensure good sealing propellant gases, also largely sealed by the lip (43) by plating the latter against the wall of the barrel of the weapon under the effect of pressure.
  • the front face (36) of the launcher (3) cooperates with the face rear (35) of the external energy element (26) to ensure essentially the mechanical strength of the element (26) during the propulsion phase of the full bale (1).
  • the inner part of the launcher (3) comprises on its part before a setback (29) combined with the setback corresponding (28) of the blades (27) and thus allowing the front guide of the launcher (3).
  • This launcher (3) has a bore (44) whose internal diameter (f) is greater than that (b) of the interior energy element (10) (set of a few tenths of a millimeter), and a bore (45) cooperating with the outer part (15) of the push plate (11), which partially ensures the rear guidance of the launcher (3).
  • the recess (46) cooperates with the rear face (16) and the shoulder (17) of the push plate (11) allowing thus also partially ensuring the rear guidance of the launcher (3), and the mechanical strength of the assembly during the propulsion phase.
  • the bores (44) and (45) are connected by the conical part (62).
  • the bore (47) cooperates with the tail body (23) and thus makes it possible to perfect the rear guide of the launcher (3).
  • the grooves (22), of a number equal to the number of fins (19) of the tail (18), ensure, by cooperation with the party front (21) of the fins (19), the angular locking of the bare ball (2) with the launcher (3), the bottom diameter (g) of grooves being slightly greater than the outside diameter (a) fins (19).
  • the The bushing is made by the external energy element (26).
  • the bare ball (2) and the launcher (3) are intimately linked.
  • the launcher (3) slides on the bare ball (2) thanks to the difference in aerodynamic drag by friction on the ball bare (2) and on the launcher (3), and at the air pressure generated in the central nozzle (34) and in the annular nozzles (6) and being exerted essentially on the step (29) of the launcher.
  • Bare ball sliding zones (2) - launcher (3) - have different dimensions, the last point of contact to be realized in front of the center of gravity of the ball naked (2) and as close as possible to the latter. This provision partially compensates for small disturbances linked to the pitcher (3) / naked ball (2) separation.
  • the one-piece launcher (3) thus released remains in the plane of shooting until its fall to the ground observed at an average distance of 30 to 40 meters from the shooter. It thus gives all the security to shooting against other hunters for example.
  • the dimensioning of the central nozzle (34) and of the annular nozzles (6) can be carried out so as to create an aerodynamic blockage or unclogging.
  • This aerodynamic blockage is characterized by a strong increase in aerodynamic drag up to a factor of 2, thus leading to a shorter range of the naked ball (2).
  • this aerodynamic blockage generates the displacement of the center of the aerodynamic forces applied to the bare ball (2) towards the center of gravity of said ball. Reducing this distance can lead to complete destabilization of the ball at a given distance. This phenomenon, associated with a strong aerodynamic drag makes it possible to obtain very short spans.
  • the aggression mechanism takes place in two phases:
  • the external energy element (26) strikes the target first by its front face (32) with energy total of the bare ball (2).
  • the arrow (40) In a second phase, the arrow (40), the release of which has absorbed practically no energy, thus strikes the target with the total energy of the naked bullet (2).
  • the target having become less hard due to the work produced by the external energy element (26) during the 1st phase, the arrow (40) can easily enter the target with its total energy. Thanks in part to the internal energy element (10), the neutralizing power of shredding, inhibition, ruptures of hard parts is exceptional. It should be noted that, at the time of penetration into the target, the surface kinetic energy of the arrow (40) (1/2 mV 2 : maximum cross section of the arrow body) is exceptionally high.
  • This two-phase aggression mechanism provides very high surface kinetic energies of the element external energy (26) and the boom (40).
  • the current invention also makes it very easy to control the value of the surface kinetic energies to be imposed on the element external energy (26) and to the boom (40).
  • This example describes a launcher made in several attachments.
  • the bare ball (2) can be fired with a pitcher several joined plan elements as shown in the Figure 5.
  • FIG. 5 depicts a complete bale with such a launcher composed of two elements (49). The latter cooperate with the bare ball (2) using teeth and circular grooves (50).
  • the elements (49) of the launcher detach from the naked bullet (2) which, released, hits the target.
  • the Elements (49) fall at an average distance of 30 meters with a gap maximum of 7 meters from the shooting plan.
  • the launcher (3) has a centering (48) combined with the outer edge of the parts circular (30) of the external energy element (26).
  • the launcher (3) is therefore increased by the height of the element (26).
  • the crimping of the sleeve is done on the front face (36) of the launcher (3).
  • a lock (51) is placed in front of one of the circular parts (30) of the element (26) and is wedged between the sleeve and the circular groove (31) of the element (26). This lock being free longitudinally, it is therefore released outside right out of the tube. He can thus leave his home and release the bare ball (2).
  • the present invention can also be applied to the shooting of bullets in heavily scratched tubes, as the bullet shows shown in Figure 8.
  • the bare ball (2) according to the present invention is stabilized by empennage. Only a very slight rotation on trajectory is authorized thanks to the chamfers (20) practiced on the trailing edge of the fins (19). To keep this mode stabilization, you have to get rid of the rotation speed given by a heavily scratched tube.
  • Figure 8 describes a corresponding embodiment on these conditions.
  • the launcher (3) is divided into two elements along a cross section: the front element (52) and the rear element (53).
  • the front element (52) is in one piece and of revolution. He ... not has more circular parts and decompression grooves outside. Its outside diameter (54) is slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the striped tube (55). A chamfer exterior (56) is practiced at the front of this element to allow a good introduction of the cartridge.
  • the Element (52) can slide freely on the bare ball (2).
  • the rear element (53) is also monobloc and of revolution. Its outside diameter (h) is very slightly greater to the diameter (i) of the strip bottom of the tube (55). His inner diameter (k) is greater (by a few tenths of millimeters) to the diameter (j) of the thrust plate (11). he also has on its outer part a groove of crimping (57) in which the collar of the sleeve (60) metallic overlaps by deformation.
  • a chamfer (58) is also made to allow good scratching of said element (53).
  • a grain (59) to low coefficient of friction is sandwiched between the two elements (52) and (53).
  • a lock (61) cooperating with the plate (11), performs the same function as that of the latch (51) described in Figure 7. It stops the element (53) in translation but it allows complete freedom in rotation.
  • the bare ball (2) and element (52) cannot advance due that they are locked in translation by the latch (51).
  • the element (53) thus takes up the scoring of the tube (55) and rotates at the speed allowed by this striping. In his movement, he causes the bare ball (2) and the element (52) to rotate slightly by friction only. At the outlet of the tube, the element (53) breaks by centrifugation leaving the possibility to the element (52) to release the bare ball (2) by sliding.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR95/01170 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 27, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 27, 1996 PCT Filed Sep. 13, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/08689 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 21, 1996The invention relates to munitions for weapons of small, medium or large caliber. The munitions include a subprojectile combined with a launcher which fills the bore of the weapon and which detaches under the effect of the aerodynamic forces on leaving the weapon, the assembly being incorporated into a cartridge which furthermore comprises a primed case and a propellent charge. The subprojectile includes a body made of hard material, combined with an axisymmetric element including a front central nozzle communicating with at least two annular nozzles to channel the airflow.

Description

La présente invention concerne les munitions pour armes de petit, moyen ou gros calibre, et plus particulièrement une nouvelle balle à double pénétration et à portée réduite, du type comportant un sous-projectile associé à un lanceur, actionné par un système propulsif.The present invention relates to ammunition for firearms small, medium or large caliber, and more particularly a new double penetration bullet with reduced range, type comprising a sub-projectile associated with a launcher, powered by a propulsion system.

Les munitions de type flèche sont connues dans les domaines sportif et militaire, et par exemple, le brevet FR-A-2.335.818 décrit une munition de chasse comportant un projectile sous-calibré stabilisé par empennage, associé à un sabot lanceur. Ce dernier est réalisé en un matériau susceptible de se fragmenter à la sortie du tube de l'arme, et la dispersion des fragments représente alors un risque pour la sécurité de l'utilisateur.Arrow type ammunition is known in the fields sports and military, and for example, patent FR-A-2,335,818 describes a hunting ammunition comprising a projectile undersized stabilized by empennage, associated with a hoof launcher. The latter is made of a material capable of fragment at the exit of the barrel of the weapon, and the dispersion fragments then represents a security risk to the user.

Le brevet FR-A-2.555.728 décrit une munition du même type, c'est-à-dire comportant un sous-projectile stabilisé par empennage, associé à un lanceur détachable qui a pour effet d'assurer le guidage et l'étanchéité pendant le trajet dans le tube de l'arme. Le sous-projectile présente une forme effilée, et est réalisé en un matériau de forte densité, lui conférant une énergie surfacique importante lors de l'impact. Cette caractéristique présente cependant l'inconvénient de ne causer souvent que de légères blessures au gibier, le sous-projectile pouvant en effet traverser les chairs molles du gibier sans rencontrer de partie dure. En outre, le projectile peut être entraíné à une distance importante si la cible est manquée, en raison de sa bonne stabilité de trajectoire, et il peut alors constituer un danger pour les personnes se trouvant à proximité.Patent FR-A-2,555,728 describes a munition of the same type, that is to say comprising a sub-projectile stabilized by empennage, associated with a detachable launcher which has the effect of ensuring guiding and sealing during the journey in the tube of the weapon. The sub-projectile has a tapered shape, and is made of a high density material, giving it a significant surface energy upon impact. This characteristic has the disadvantage of not often causing only slight injuries to game, the sub-projectile can indeed cross the soft flesh of game without meeting hard game. In addition, the projectile can be trained to a long distance if the target is missed, due to its good trajectory stability, and it can then constitute danger to people nearby.

Le brevet FR-A-2.627.854 concerne une munition de chasse comportant un projectile constitué par un élément interne dont l'avant et les parois latérales sont recouverts par un élément externe en forme de manchon. L'élément interne métallique comporte une tête à forme neutralisante, solidaire d'une tige arrière sur laquelle peut coulisser une masse marteau pour augmenter l'effet neutralisant du projectile lors de l'impact. Cependant, l'élément externe reste fixé à l'élément interne sur toute la trajectoire du projectile; il ne peut pas être assimilé à un lanceur tel que celui utilisé dans les balles flèches et ne peut procurer les mêmes avantages.Patent FR-A-2,627,854 relates to hunting ammunition comprising a projectile constituted by an internal element of which the front and side walls are covered by an element sleeve-shaped outer. The internal metallic element has a neutralizing head, integral with a rod rear on which a hammer mass can slide for increase the neutralizing effect of the projectile upon impact. However, the external element remains attached to the internal element on the entire trajectory of the projectile; it cannot be assimilated to a launcher like the one used in arrow balls and cannot provide the same benefits.

De plus, les projectiles de ce type ont pour inconvénient de présenter une forte traínée aérodynamique et une sensibilité au vent transversal. Ils ont aussi une certaine propension aux ricochets sur les obstacles tels que les troncs d'arbres.In addition, projectiles of this type have the disadvantage to present a strong aerodynamic drag and a sensitivity crosswind. They also have a certain propensity for ricochets on obstacles such as tree trunks.

La présente invention a pour objet une munition du type flèche, comportant un sous-projectile associé à un lanceur au calibre de l'arme se détachant sous l'effet des forces aérodynamiques à la sortie du tube de l'arme. L'ensemble constitué par le sous-projectile (ou balle nue) et le lanceur se trouve inclus dans une cartouche comprenant en outre une douille amorcée et une charge propulsive. Cette munition possède des caractéristiques lui permettant d'éviter les inconvénients des projectiles connus précités, et elle peut être utilisée notamment dans les armes de chasse ainsi que les armes d'entraínement militaires.The present invention relates to ammunition of the type arrow, comprising a sub-projectile associated with a launcher at caliber of the weapon coming off under the effect of aerodynamic forces at the exit of the barrel of the weapon. The set constituted by the sub-projectile (or naked ball) and the launcher is included in a cartridge further comprising a primed socket and a propellant charge. This ammunition has characteristics allowing him to avoid the disadvantages of aforementioned known projectiles, and it can be used in particular in hunting weapons as well as training weapons military.

Suivant la caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, le sous-projectile comprend:

  • un corps en matériau dur, associé à
  • un élément énergétique de révolution comportant une tuyère centrale avant communiquant avec au moins deux tuyères annulaires canalisant l'écoulement de l'air.
According to the essential characteristic of the invention, the sub-projectile comprises:
  • a body of hard material, associated with
  • an energy element of revolution comprising a central front nozzle communicating with at least two annular nozzles channeling the flow of air.

Conformément à la présente invention, l'élément énergétique forme la partie avant du sous-projectile, et il est constitué de préférence d'un élément extérieur creux et d'un élément intérieur plein, reliés entre eux par des aubes, l'élément intérieur étant de plus petit diamètre et disposé en arrière de l'élément extérieur.In accordance with the present invention, the energy element forms the front part of the sub-projectile, and it is made up preferably a hollow external element and an element full interior, connected together by vanes, the element interior being of smaller diameter and arranged behind the outer element.

Suivant une forme préférentielle de réalisation, l'élément énergétique extérieur forme avec la tête conique du corps du sous-projectile, une tuyère centrale communiquant avec les tuyères annulaires, formées dans l'élément énergétique de révolution, autour de la tête conique.According to a preferred embodiment, the element external energetic form with the conical head of the body of the sub-projectile, a central nozzle communicating with the annular nozzles, formed in the energetic element of revolution, around the conical head.

L'élément énergétique peut être réalisé conformément à l'invention de telle sorte que le diamètre extérieur de son élément extérieur soit sensiblement au calibre de l'arme. Dans cette forme de réalisation, le lanceur est placé sur le sous-projectile, en arrière de l'élément énergétique extérieur. Suivant une variante, l'élément énergétique extérieur peut être lui aussi sous-calibré, mais son diamètre extérieur reste supérieur à celui du corps du sous projectile. Dans cette variante de réalisation, la forme du lanceur est adaptée de manière à recouvrir entièrement le sous-projectile, c'est-à-dire le corps et l'élément énergétique de révolution.The energy element can be realized in accordance with the invention so that the outside diameter of its external element is substantially the caliber of the weapon. In this embodiment, the launcher is placed on the sub-projectile, behind the external energy element. According to a variant, the external energy element can be also under-calibrated, but its outside diameter remains greater to that of the body of the sub-projectile. In this variant embodiment, the shape of the launcher is adapted so as to completely cover the sub-projectile, i.e. the body and the energetic element of revolution.

Le diamètre intérieur de l'élément énergétique extérieur en forme de tuyère peut être supérieur, égal, ou inférieur au diamètre extérieur de l'élément énergétique intérieur.The inside diameter of the outside energy element nozzle shape can be greater than, equal to, or less than outer diameter of the inner energy element.

L'élément énergétique de révolution peut être séparable du corps sur lequel il est monté, mais suivant une variante, le corps et l'élément énergétique peuvent être réalisés en une seule pièce homogène, dans le même matériau.The energetic element of revolution can be separable from body on which it is mounted, but according to a variant, the body and the energy element can be made in one single homogeneous part, in the same material.

De plus, l'élément énergétique peut être réalisé de manière à être fragmentable lors de l'impact sur la cible. Cet effet peut être obtenu en utilisant un matériau présentant une résistance au choc appropriée, et dans ce cas le corps du sous-projectile et l'élément énergétique sont réalisés en deux matériaux différents et sont assemblés lors de la fabrication. Par exemple, on peut prévoir que l'élément énergétique de révolution soit réalisé en un matériau de moindre résistance au choc que le corps du sous-projectile, réalisé en matériau dur. Il est également possible de prévoir des amorces de rupture dans l'élément énergétique, par exemple au niveau du raccordement entre l'élément extérieur et l'élément intérieur, et de préférence à la base des aubes séparant les tuyères annulaires ou dans l'épaisseur de la tuyère centrale. Dans cette forme de réalisation, le corps du sous-projectile et l'élément énergétique de révolution peuvent être fabriqués en une seule et même pièce.In addition, the energy element can be made of so as to be fragmentable upon impact on the target. This effect can be achieved by using a material with a appropriate impact resistance, and in this case the body of the sub-projectile and the energy element are made of two materials different and are assembled during manufacture. Through example, we can predict that the energetic element of revolution be made of a material with lower impact resistance than the body of the sub-projectile, made of hard material. he it is also possible to foresee breaking points in the energy element, for example at the connection between the outer element and the inner element, and preferably at the base of the blades separating the annular nozzles or in the thickness of the central nozzle. In this form of realization, the body of the sub-projectile and the energetic element of revolution can be manufactured in one and the same room.

D'autre part, il est avantageux conformément à l'invention, que la face avant de l'élément énergétique de révolution présente un chanfrein intérieur. Suivant une autre forme avantageuse de réalisation, la surface interne de l'élément énergétique de révolution possède une forme tronconique suivant laquelle le diamètre intérieur de sa partie avant est légèrement supérieur au diamètre intérieur de sa partie arrière. On the other hand, it is advantageous according to the invention, that the front face of the energy element of revolution has an internal chamfer. In another advantageous form of realization, the internal surface of the energy element of revolution has a tapered shape following which the inside diameter of its front part is slightly greater than the inside diameter of its rear part.

Une balle complète (projectile) conforme à l'invention est composée des deux éléments essentiels constitués par la balle nue (sous-projectile), et le lanceur.A complete bullet (projectile) according to the invention is composed of the two essential elements constituted by the ball naked (sub-projectile), and the launcher.

Le lanceur peut être réalisé suivant les techniques connues, et il peut être en un seul élément monobloc ou en plusieurs éléments jointifs longitudinalement. Il peut aussi être partagé en au moins deux éléments monoblocs séparés transversalement. Conformément à l'invention, il peut être avantageux que le lanceur comporte une face arrière présentant une découpe de forme correspondant à l'empenne du sous-projectile.The launcher can be made according to the techniques known, and it can be in a single monobloc element or in several elements joined longitudinally. He can too be divided into at least two monobloc elements separated transversely. According to the invention, it can be advantageous that the launcher has a rear face having a cut-out corresponding to the tail of the sub-projectile.

Un joint d'étanchéité peut être prévu entre le corps de la balle (sous-projectile) et le lanceur, et de préférence un joint annulaire d'étanchéité est mis en place sur une plaque de poussée située entre la tête et l'empenne du corps de la balle, afin d'assurer l'étanchéité aux gaz de propulsion après mise à feu de la charge.A seal may be provided between the body of the bullet (sub-projectile) and the launcher, and preferably a ring seal is placed on a plate thrust between the head and the body of the ball body, in order to ensure gas-tightness after propulsion charge fire.

L'étanchéité entre le lanceur et le tube de l'arme peut être assurée, conformément à l'invention, au moyen d'une lèvre annulaire formée sur la périphérie de la face arrière du lanceur, ou d'au moins un élément du lanceur, de telle sorte que cette lèvre annulaire se trouve plaquée contre la paroi du tube par la pression des gaz après mise à feu de la charge.The seal between the launcher and the barrel can be insured, in accordance with the invention, by means of a lip annular formed on the periphery of the rear face of the launcher, or at least one element of the launcher, so that this annular lip is pressed against the wall of the tube by gas pressure after ignition of the charge.

La munition conforme à la présente invention présente de nombreux avantages par rapport aux munitions connues du même domaine d'application. Plus particulièrement, elle permet :

  • de générer des blessures dans les parties molles du gibier par fragmentation de l'élément énergétique suivant un cône d'éclats plus ou moins ouvert;
  • une pénétration rapide de la flèche, constituée par le corps et l'élément énergétique intérieur, pour agresser les parties dures du squelette du gibier et pour créer une onde de choc importante;
  • une portée réduite de la balle, la réduction de la portée étant prédéterminée et associée éventuellement à une déstabilisation de ladite balle. Ce résultat peut être obtenu de manière connue par un effet aérodynamique interne;
  • une séparation rapide du lanceur basée également sur un effet aérodynamique interne;
  • que le lanceur monobloc reste dans le plan de tir après la séparation de la balle;
  • une faible propension aux ricochets de la balle;
  • une dispersion balistique améliorée;
  • de réduire la masse de plomb mise en jeu;
  • le tir dans toutes les armes lisses de type "full-choke", faiblement rayées et fortement rayées;
  • l'utilisation de la même balle pour différents calibres (par exemple calibres 12, 16, 20, etc).
The ammunition according to the present invention has many advantages over known ammunition of the same field of application. More specifically, it allows:
  • to generate wounds in the soft parts of the game by fragmentation of the energetic element according to a more or less open cone of shards;
  • rapid penetration of the arrow, formed by the body and the inner energetic element, to attack the hard parts of the skeleton of the game and to create a large shock wave;
  • a reduced range of the ball, the reduction of the range being predetermined and possibly associated with destabilization of said ball. This result can be obtained in a known manner by an internal aerodynamic effect;
  • rapid separation of the launcher also based on an internal aerodynamic effect;
  • that the monoblock launcher remains in the shooting plan after the separation of the ball;
  • a low propensity for ball ricochets;
  • improved ballistic dispersion;
  • reduce the lead mass involved;
  • firing in all smooth full-choke, weakly rifled and heavily rifled weapons;
  • the use of the same bullet for different sizes (for example sizes 12, 16, 20, etc.).

Les essais effectués avec des balles réalisées conformément à la présente invention, en comparaison avec des balles connues, ont mis en évidence les excellents résultats procurés par l'invention.The tests carried out with balls carried out in accordance to the present invention, in comparison with bullets known, have highlighted the excellent results obtained by the invention.

En effet, lorsque l'on compare la trajectoire d'une balle sans tuyère (portée a) avec celle d'une balle avec freinage aérodynamique seulement, balle tirée dans les mêmes conditions (portée b), et avec celle d'une balle conforme à l'invention, avec freinage par bouchage aérodynamique et déstabilisation sur la trajectoire (portée c) on constate la relation c < b < a, c'est-à-dire que la portée est nettement limitée dans le cas de l'invention.Indeed, when we compare the trajectory of a ball without nozzle (range a) with that of a bullet with braking aerodynamics only, ball drawn under the same conditions (scope b), and with that of a bullet according to the invention, with aerodynamic blockage braking and destabilization on the trajectory (range c) we note the relation c <b <a, that is to say that the scope is clearly limited in the case of the invention.

L'avantage constitué par le freinage et la déstabilisation, associés à la portée réduite, est particulièrement utile dans le cas des munitions d'entraínement, tandis que la double pénétration de l'élément énergétique et de la flèche constitue un avantage important dans le cas des munitions de chasse. En outre, les énergies cinétiques surfaciques de ces deux éléments sont très élevées, conformément à l'invention, comme indiqué ci-après.The advantage of braking and destabilization, associated with the reduced range, is particularly useful in the case of training ammunition, while the double penetration of the energy element and the arrow constitutes an important advantage in the case of hunting ammunition. In in addition, the surface kinetic energies of these two elements are very high, according to the invention, as indicated below.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante, en référence aux dessins annexés, relatifs à des formes préférentielles de réalisation, qui representent :The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent more clearly on reading the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, relating to preferred shapes which represent:

Figure 1 : une coupe schématique d'une cartouche complète conforme à la présente invention, comprenant une balle complète, constituée par une balle nue et un lanceur, et une douille amorcée ainsi qu'une charge propulsive. Figure 1: a schematic section of a complete cartridge according to the present invention, comprising a ball complete, consisting of a bare ball and a pitcher, and a primed cartridge and a propellant charge.

Figure 2 : une coupe longitudinale de la balle nue de la Figure 1.Figure 2: a longitudinal section of the bare ball of the Figure 1.

Figure 3 : une vue de face d'une variante simple de la balle nue de la Figure 2.Figure 3: a front view of a simple variant of the bare ball in Figure 2.

Figure 4 : une coupe du lanceur associé à la balle nue représentée sur la Figure 1.Figure 4: a section of the pitcher associated with the bare ball shown in Figure 1.

Figures 5-8 : des variantes de réalisations conformes à la présente invention.Figures 5-8: variant embodiments in accordance with present invention.

Ces exemples de réalisation se rapportent tous à des munitions de chasse ou de petit calibre, mais il est clair que l'invention peut être adaptée aux munitions d'entraínement sans sortir du cadre de la présente description.These embodiments all relate to ammunition hunting or small caliber, but it is clear that the invention can be adapted to training ammunition without be outside the scope of this description.

Comme le montre la Figure 1, la cartouche (C) comprend la balle nue (2), le lanceur (3), ainsi que la douille amorcée (D) contenant une charge propulsive, constituée ici par une poudre (P) de type classique.As shown in Figure 1, the cartridge (C) includes the bare ball (2), the launcher (3), as well as the primed socket (D) containing a propellant charge, constituted here by a powder (P) of conventional type.

La balle nue (2), représentée plus en détail sur la Figure 2, comporte essentiellement deux éléments :

  • le corps (4), en matériau dur (par exemple en laiton) comportant une tête conique (5), un noyau (7), une plaque de poussée (11), et une empenne (18) servant à stabiliser le projectile sur sa trajectoire;
  • un élément énergétique de révolution (25) constitué d'un élément intérieur (10) et d'un élément extérieur (26) reliés entre eux par des aubes (27), formant ainsi des tuyères annulaires (6) autour de la tête conique (5), l'élément intérieur (10), de plus petit diamètre, se trouvant en retrait et en arrière de l'élément extérieur (26).
The bare ball (2), shown in more detail in Figure 2, essentially comprises two elements:
  • the body (4), made of hard material (for example brass) comprising a conical head (5), a core (7), a thrust plate (11), and a tail (18) serving to stabilize the projectile on its path;
  • an energetic element of revolution (25) consisting of an inner element (10) and an outer element (26) interconnected by vanes (27), thus forming annular nozzles (6) around the conical head ( 5), the inner element (10), of smaller diameter, being set back and behind the outer element (26).

La forme des tuyères annulaires (6) délimitées par les aubes (27) apparaít plus clairement sur la Figure 3, représentant une balle nue comportant un élément extérieur (26) de forme cylindrique et quatre tuyères annulaires.The shape of the annular nozzles (6) delimited by the blades (27) appears more clearly in Figure 3, representing a naked ball comprising an external element (26) of cylindrical shape and four annular nozzles.

La tête conique (5) du corps (4) de la balle nue (2) est conçue conformément à la présente invention pour assurer plusieurs fonctions, et plus particulièrement pour favoriser l'écoulement de l'air au travers des tuyères annulaires (6), permettre un bon accrochage de la balle sur les cibles rencontrées, et pénétrer dans la matière avec un pouvoir neutralisant très important.The conical head (5) of the body (4) of the naked ball (2) is designed in accordance with the present invention to provide several functions, and more particularly to promote the flow of air through the annular nozzles (6), allow a good catch of the ball on the targets encountered, and penetrate matter with neutralizing power Very important.

Le noyau (7) est muni d'adents (8) coopérant avec les rainures circulaires (9) de l'élément énergétique intérieur (10).The core (7) is provided with teeth (8) cooperating with the grooves circular (9) of the interior energy element (10).

La plaque de poussée (11) assure

  • a - la tenue de l'élément énergétique intérieur (10) au niveau de l'interface (12) pendant la phase de propulsion de la balle nue (2), ainsi que pendant la phase de pénétration dans la cible;
  • b - l'étanchéité aux gaz propulsifs entre le lanceur (3) et le corps (4) grâce au joint d'étanchéité (13) en matériau déformable coopérant avec la rainure (14);
  • c - le guidage du lanceur (3) par sa partie extérieure cylindrique (15);
  • d - la poussée de la partie centrale de la balle nue (2) [corps (4) + élément énergétique intérieur (10)] grâce à la coopération de la partie arrière du lanceur (3) et de la face arrière (16) elle-même comportant un épaulement (17) afin de permettre un meilleur guidage du lanceur (3).
    • The push plate (11) ensures
  • a - the holding of the internal energy element (10) at the interface (12) during the propulsion phase of the naked ball (2), as well as during the phase of penetration into the target;
  • b - sealing against propellant gases between the launcher (3) and the body (4) thanks to the seal (13) made of deformable material cooperating with the groove (14);
  • c - guiding the launcher (3) through its cylindrical outer part (15);
  • d - the thrust of the central part of the naked ball (2) [body (4) + internal energy element (10)] thanks to the cooperation of the rear part of the launcher (3) and the rear face (16) it -even including a shoulder (17) to allow better guidance of the launcher (3).

    • L'empenne (18) sert à stabiliser la balle nue (2) sur sa trajectoire. Elle est réalisée soit dans la même matière que le corps (4), c'est-à-dire de préférence du laiton, soit dans un matériau de type technopolymère.The tail (18) is used to stabilize the bare ball (2) on its path. It is made either in the same material as the body (4), that is to say preferably brass, either in a technopolymer type material.

    L'empenne est constituée de manière classique et se compose :

  • a - des ailettes (19) dont le nombre et la forme sont liés aux conditions de vol de la balle nue (2), suivant une technique usuelle. D'une manière générale, il est préférable que l'empenne comporte quatre ailettes. Chaque ailette comporte un chanfrein de bord de fuite (20) pour permettre à la balle nue (2) de tourner faiblement sur sa trajectoire. L'avant (21) des ailettes (19) peut s'imbriquer dans des rainures correspondantes pratiquées dans le lanceur (3) permettant ainsi un verrouillage angulaire de la balle nue (2) avec le lanceur (3). Le diamètre extérieur (a) des ailettes (19) est de préférence légèrement inférieur au diamètre extérieur (b) de l'élément énergétique intérieur (10) qui est lui-même égal au diamètre extérieur de la plaque de poussée (11);
  • b - d'un corps d'empenne (23) servant également de guidage au lanceur (3) au niveau de l'interface (24).
    • The empenne is constituted in a traditional way and is composed:
  • a - fins (19) whose number and shape are linked to the conditions of flight of the naked ball (2), according to a usual technique. In general, it is preferable that the tail has four fins. Each fin has a trailing edge chamfer (20) to allow the bare ball (2) to turn slightly on its trajectory. The front (21) of the fins (19) can be nested in corresponding grooves made in the launcher (3) thus allowing angular locking of the bare ball (2) with the launcher (3). The outside diameter (a) of the fins (19) is preferably slightly smaller than the outside diameter (b) of the inside energy element (10) which is itself equal to the outside diameter of the thrust plate (11);
  • b - a tail body (23) also serving as a guide for the launcher (3) at the interface (24).

    • L'élément énergétique (25) est réalisé en un matériau dense, par exemple le plomb, mais tout autre matériau métallique de forte masse volumique peut convenir, et par exemple un alliage métallique de masse volumique appropriée ou encore un alliage mixte organique métallique.The energy element (25) is made of a material dense, for example lead, but any other metallic material high density may be suitable, for example a metal alloy of appropriate density or alternatively a metallic organic mixed alloy.

    Les deux éléments (10) et (26) de l'élément énergétique (25) sont reliés entre eux par les aubes (27) dont le nombre est fonction des caractéristiques de vol, de la tenue mécanique de la balle complète (1) pendant la phase de propulsion, ainsi que du comportement de la balle nue (2) lors de la pénétration dans la cible. Le nombre d'aubes est généralement compris entre 2 et 8 et est de préférence égal à 4. Ces aubes présentent, dans leur partie extérieure, un décrochement (28) coopérant avec la partie interne (29) du lanceur (3), ce dernier étant ainsi guidé dans sa partie avant.The two elements (10) and (26) of the energy element (25) are interconnected by the vanes (27) whose number depends on flight characteristics, mechanical behavior of the full ball (1) during the propulsion phase, as well as the behavior of the bare ball (2) during penetration in the target. The number of blades is generally between 2 and 8 and is preferably equal to 4. These blades have, in their outer part, a recess (28) cooperating with the internal part (29) of the launcher (3), the latter being thus guided in its front part.

    L'élément énergétique extérieur (26) comporte sur sa partie extérieure des parties circulaires (30) ainsi que des gorges (31). Pour éviter d'emplomber le tube de l'arme, il est préférable que les parties circulaires (30) aient un diamètre (c) inférieur ou au plus égal au diamètre extérieur du lanceur (3), que le nombre et la largeur desdites portées soient le plus faibles possible, et que les gorges (31) possèdent un diamètre (d) inférieur au diamètre de sortie d'un tube d'arme "plein choke".The external energy element (26) has on its external part of the circular parts (30) as well as grooves (31). To avoid clogging the barrel, it is preferable that the circular parts (30) have a diameter (c) less than or at most equal to the outside diameter of the launcher (3), that the number and the width of said spans are the as small as possible, and that the grooves (31) have a diameter (d) less than the outlet diameter of a weapon barrel "full choke".

    La face avant (32) de l'élément extérieur (26) présente une surface la plus faible possible. Cette dernière est conditionnée par l'importance du chanfrein intérieur (33) qui a comme autre fonction de favoriser d'une part la pénétration de l'air dans la tuyère centrale (34) et d'autre part la fragmentation en cône ouvert en début de pénétration de la balle nue (2) dans la cible par éclatement de l'élément (26).The front face (32) of the external element (26) has the smallest possible surface. The latter is conditioned by the importance of the internal chamfer (33) which has as another function of promoting on the one hand the penetration of the air in the central nozzle (34) and on the other hand the fragmentation in open cone at the start of penetration of the naked ball (2) in the target by bursting of the element (26).

    La face arrière (35) de l'élément extérieur (26) se conjugue avec la face avant (36) du lanceur (3) pour assurer la tenue mécanique de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) pendant la phase de propulsion de la balle complète (1). La partie intérieure (37) de l'élément extérieur (26) délimite la tuyère centrale (34) de forme cylindro-conique coopérant avec les tuyères annulaires (6) d'un nombre égal au nombre d'aubes (27). Le diamètre intérieur (e) de la partie arrière de la tuyère centrale (34) est supérieur ou au moins égal au diamètre extérieur (b) de l'élément énergétique intérieur (10) et de celui de la plaque de poussée (11). Bien entendu, cette tuyère centrale (34) peut être de forme simplement cylindrique, de diamètre intérieur constant de l'avant à l'arrière.The rear face (35) of the external element (26) is combined with the front face (36) of the launcher (3) to ensure the mechanical strength of the external energy element (26) during the propulsion phase of the complete ball (1). The part inner (37) of the outer member (26) defines the nozzle central (34) of cylindro-conical shape cooperating with the annular nozzles (6) of a number equal to the number of blades (27). The inside diameter (e) of the rear part of the nozzle central (34) is greater than or at least equal to the outside diameter (b) the internal energy element (10) and that of the push plate (11). Of course, this nozzle central (34) can be simply cylindrical in shape, constant inside diameter from front to back.

    Pour améliorer la fragmentation de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26), des amorces de rupture longitudinales de nombres et de formes différentes, peuvent être pratiquées dans l'épaisseur de la paroi cylindrique de l'élément.To improve the fragmentation of the energy element exterior (26), longitudinal fracture initiators of different numbers and shapes, can be practiced in the thickness of the cylindrical wall of the element.

    La forme des tuyères annulaires (6) présente des contours curvilignes. Le dimensionnement précis des tuyères (34) et (6) est déterminé par les méthodes usuelles de la technique en fonction des caractéristiques de vol que l'on veut obtenir, des caractéristiques de pénétration dans la cible ainsi que de la tenue mécanique de l'élément énergétique (25) pendant la phase de lancement de la balle complète.The shape of the annular nozzles (6) has contours curvilinear. The precise sizing of the nozzles (34) and (6) is determined by the usual methods of the technique in depending on the flight characteristics to be obtained, characteristics of penetration into the target as well as the mechanical strength of the energy element (25) during the phase to launch the full ball.

    Les tuyères peuvent être de n'importe quelle forme géométrique, et par exemple carrée, triangulaire, ronde, oblongue, ou conique.The nozzles can be of any geometric shape, and for example square, triangular, round, oblong, or conical.

    L'élément énergétique intérieur (10) possède un diamètre extérieur (b) inférieur ou au plus égal au diamètre intérieur (e) de la partie arrière de la tuyère centrale (34). Il présente sur sa face intérieure des rainures circulaires (9) coopérant avec les adents (8) du noyau (7). Sa face avant (38) comprend une partie conique (39) formant la partie intérieure des tuyères annulaires (6) en continuité avec la tête conique (5) du corps (4) de la balle nue (2). Sa face arrière se conjugue avec la face avant de la plaque de poussée (11) au niveau de l'interface (12).The inner energy element (10) has a diameter outside (b) less than or at most equal to the inside diameter (e) of the rear part of the central nozzle (34). he has circular grooves (9) on its inner face cooperating with the teeth (8) of the core (7). Its front face (38) comprises a conical part (39) forming the internal part annular nozzles (6) in continuity with the conical head (5) of the body (4) of the naked ball (2). Its back side combines with the front face of the push plate (11) level of the interface (12).

    Le corps (4) associé à l'élément énergétique intérieur (10) compose la flèche (40) de la balle nue (2). La flèche (40) est dirigée sur toute sa trajectoire jusqu'à la cible par l'élément énergétique extérieur (26).The body (4) associated with the interior energy element (10) composes the arrow (40) of the naked ball (2). The arrow (40) is directed along its entire trajectory to the target by the external energy element (26).

    Le lanceur (3), représenté sur la Figure 4, est fabriqué en matériau de faible masse volumique et de grande souplesse (par exemple un technopolymère tel qu'un polyamide). Le lanceur (3) est monobloc et peut coulisser librement jusqu'à ce qu'il vienne en contact sur l'élément extérieur (26), le décrochement de l'aube (27) et la plaque de poussée (11). Il comporte sur sa partie extérieure des adents (41) de faible largeur permettant le guidage de la balle complète (1) dans le tube de l'arme. Des gorges de décompression (42) assurent la bonne étanchéité aux gaz propulsifs, étanchéité également assurée en grande partie par la lèvre (43) par placage de cette dernière contre la paroi du tube de l'arme sous l'effet de la pression. Cette organisation permet le tir dans tous les tubes "Full-Chokes" sans dégradation de la dispersion balistique de la balle nue (2) et augmente également la longévité des armes.The launcher (3), shown in Figure 4, is manufactured made of low density and high flexibility material (for example a technopolymer such as a polyamide). The launcher (3) is in one piece and can slide freely until it comes into contact with the external element (26), the step of the blade (27) and the thrust plate (11). It features on its outer part of the narrow members (41) allowing guiding the complete bullet (1) in the barrel of the weapon. Of decompression grooves (42) ensure good sealing propellant gases, also largely sealed by the lip (43) by plating the latter against the wall of the barrel of the weapon under the effect of pressure. This organization allows shooting in all "Full-Chokes" tubes without degradation of the ballistic dispersion of the bare ball (2) and also increases the longevity of weapons.

    La face avant (36) du lanceur (3) coopère avec la face arrière (35) de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) pour assurer essentiellement la tenue mécanique de l'élément (26) pendant la phase de propulsion de la balle complète (1).The front face (36) of the launcher (3) cooperates with the face rear (35) of the external energy element (26) to ensure essentially the mechanical strength of the element (26) during the propulsion phase of the full bale (1).

    La partie intérieure du lanceur (3) comprend sur sa partie avant un décrochement (29) se conjuguant avec le décrochement correspondant (28) des aubes (27) et permettant ainsi le guidage avant du lanceur (3). Ce lanceur (3) présente un alésage (44) dont le diamètre intérieur (f) est supérieur à celui (b) de l'élément énergétique intérieur (10) (jeu de quelques dixièmes de millimètre), et un alésage (45) coopérant avec la partie extérieure (15) de la plaque de poussée (11), ce qui permet d'assurer en partie le guidage arrière du lanceur (3). De plus, le décrochement (46) coopère avec la face arrière (16) et l'épaulement (17) de la plaque de poussée (11) permettant ainsi d'assurer également en partie le guidage arrière du lanceur (3), et la tenue mécanique de l'ensemble pendant la phase de propulsion.The inner part of the launcher (3) comprises on its part before a setback (29) combined with the setback corresponding (28) of the blades (27) and thus allowing the front guide of the launcher (3). This launcher (3) has a bore (44) whose internal diameter (f) is greater than that (b) of the interior energy element (10) (set of a few tenths of a millimeter), and a bore (45) cooperating with the outer part (15) of the push plate (11), which partially ensures the rear guidance of the launcher (3). In addition, the recess (46) cooperates with the rear face (16) and the shoulder (17) of the push plate (11) allowing thus also partially ensuring the rear guidance of the launcher (3), and the mechanical strength of the assembly during the propulsion phase.

    Les alésages (44) et (45) sont reliés par la partie conique (62). L'alésage (47) coopère avec le corps d'empenne (23) et permet ainsi de parfaire le guidage arrière du lanceur (3). Les rainures (22), d'un nombre égal au nombre d'ailettes (19) de l'empenne (18), assurent, par coopération avec la partie avant (21) des ailettes (19), le verrouillage angulaire de la balle nue (2) avec le lanceur (3), le diamètre (g) de fond de rainures étant légèrement supérieur au diamètre extérieur (a) des ailettes (19).The bores (44) and (45) are connected by the conical part (62). The bore (47) cooperates with the tail body (23) and thus makes it possible to perfect the rear guide of the launcher (3). The grooves (22), of a number equal to the number of fins (19) of the tail (18), ensure, by cooperation with the party front (21) of the fins (19), the angular locking of the bare ball (2) with the launcher (3), the bottom diameter (g) of grooves being slightly greater than the outside diameter (a) fins (19).

    Le fonctionnement de la munition conforme à la présente invention est décrit ci-après.Operation of the ammunition in accordance with this invention is described below.

    Au départ du coup et lors de la montée en pression, le dessertissage de la douille se réalise par l'intermédiaire de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26). Pendant la phase de propulsion de la balle complète (1), la balle nue (2) et le lanceur (3) sont intimement liés. Dès la sortie du tube de l'arme, le lanceur (3) coulisse sur la balle nue (2) grâce à la différence de traínée aérodynamique par frottement sur la balle nue (2) et sur le lanceur (3), et à la pression de l'air générée dans la tuyère centrale (34) et dans les tuyères annulaires (6) et s'exerçant essentiellement sur le décrochement (29) du lanceur.At the start of the blow and during the pressure build-up, the The bushing is made by the external energy element (26). During the phase of propulsion of the full ball (1), the bare ball (2) and the launcher (3) are intimately linked. As soon as it comes out of the the weapon, the launcher (3) slides on the bare ball (2) thanks to the difference in aerodynamic drag by friction on the ball bare (2) and on the launcher (3), and at the air pressure generated in the central nozzle (34) and in the annular nozzles (6) and being exerted essentially on the step (29) of the launcher.

    Les zones de coulissement balle nue (2) - lanceur (3) - ont des dimensions différentes, le dernier point de contact devant se réaliser en avant du centre de gravité de la balle nue (2) et le plus près possible de ce dernier. Cette disposition permet de compenser en partie les petites perturbations liées à la séparation lanceur (3) / balle nue (2).Bare ball sliding zones (2) - launcher (3) - have different dimensions, the last point of contact to be realized in front of the center of gravity of the ball naked (2) and as close as possible to the latter. This provision partially compensates for small disturbances linked to the pitcher (3) / naked ball (2) separation.

    Le lanceur (3) monobloc ainsi libéré reste dans le plan de tir jusqu'à sa chute au sol observée à une distance moyenne de 30 à 40 mètres du tireur. Il confère ainsi toute la sécurité au tir vis-à-vis d'autres chasseurs par exemple.The one-piece launcher (3) thus released remains in the plane of shooting until its fall to the ground observed at an average distance of 30 to 40 meters from the shooter. It thus gives all the security to shooting against other hunters for example.

    Sur trajectoire, la stabilisation de la balle nue (2) est assurée par l'empenne (18) de la flèche (40), cette dernière remplissant également le rôle d'empenne pour l'élément énergétique extérieur (26).On trajectory, the stabilization of the bare ball (2) is ensured by the tail (18) of the arrow (40), the latter also fulfilling the role of empenne for the energy element exterior (26).

    Le dimensionnement de la tuyère centrale (34) et des tuyères annulaires (6) peut être réalisé de façon à créer un bouchage ou un débouchage aérodynamique. Il y a débouchage aérodynamique lorsque, pour une vitesse donnée V1 il y a circulation de l'air de la tuyère centrale (34) à l'extérieur en passant par les tuyères annulaires (6) à la seule condition que cette vitesse V1 soit supérieure à la vitesse dite "critique" Vc. Il y a bouchage aérodynamique à une vitesse V2 inférieure à la vitesse V1. Dans ce cas, l'air ne peut plus circuler dans les tuyères. Ce bouchage aérodynamique se caractérise par une forte augmentation de la traínée aérodynamique allant jusqu'à un facteur 2 conduisant ainsi à une portée plus courte de la balle nue (2). Par ailleurs, ce bouchage aérodynamique génère le déplacement du centre des forces aérodynamiques appliquées sur la balle nue (2) vers le centre de gravité de ladite balle. La diminution de cette distance peut conduire à une déstabilisation complète de la balle à une distance donnée. Ce phénomène, associé à une forte traínée aérodynamique permet d'obtenir des portées très courtes.The dimensioning of the central nozzle (34) and of the annular nozzles (6) can be carried out so as to create an aerodynamic blockage or unclogging. There is an aerodynamic unblocking when, for a given speed V 1 there is circulation of air from the central nozzle (34) outside passing through the annular nozzles (6) on the only condition that this speed V 1 is greater than the so-called "critical" speed Vc. There is aerodynamic blockage at a speed V2 lower than the speed V 1 . In this case, the air can no longer circulate in the nozzles. This aerodynamic blockage is characterized by a strong increase in aerodynamic drag up to a factor of 2, thus leading to a shorter range of the naked ball (2). Furthermore, this aerodynamic blockage generates the displacement of the center of the aerodynamic forces applied to the bare ball (2) towards the center of gravity of said ball. Reducing this distance can lead to complete destabilization of the ball at a given distance. This phenomenon, associated with a strong aerodynamic drag makes it possible to obtain very short spans.

    Le mécanisme d'agression se déroule en deux phases :The aggression mechanism takes place in two phases:

    Dans une 1ère phase, l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) percute en premier la cible par sa face avant (32) avec l'énergie totale de la balle nue (2).In a 1st phase, the external energy element (26) strikes the target first by its front face (32) with energy total of the bare ball (2).

    A ce moment précis trois phénomènes apparaissent chronologiquement :

  • a - un premier effet neutralisant grâce à l'énergie cinétique surfacique (1/2 m.V2: section transversale annulaire de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26)) très élevée permettant ainsi de générer une onde de choc importante avec dilacération.
  • b - un deuxième effet neutralisant par la fragmentation de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) suivant un cône d'éclats ouvert.
  • c - la libération de la flèche (40). Cette dernière, très sous-calibrée par rapport à l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) n'est pas perturbée par la fragmentation dudit élément.
    • At this precise moment three phenomena appear chronologically:
  • a - a first neutralizing effect thanks to the kinetic surface energy (1/2 mV 2 : annular cross section of the external energy element (26)) very high, thus making it possible to generate a large shock wave with laceration.
  • b - a second neutralizing effect by the fragmentation of the external energy element (26) following an open splinter cone.
  • c - release of the arrow (40). The latter, very undersized relative to the external energy element (26) is not disturbed by the fragmentation of said element.

    • Dans une 2ème phase, la flèche (40) dont la libération n'a pratiquement absorbé aucune énergie, percute ainsi la cible avec l'énergie totale de la balle nue (2). La cible étant devenue moins dure du fait du travail produit par l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) au cours de la 1ère phase, la flèche (40) peut entrer aisément dans la cible avec son énergie totale. Grâce en partie à l'élément énergétique intérieur (10), le pouvoir neutralisant de dilacération, d'inhibition, de ruptures de parties dures est exceptionnel. Il est à noter, qu'au moment de la pénétration dans la cible, l'énergie cinétique surfacique de la flèche (40) (1/2 m.V2: section transversale maximale du corps de la flèche) est exceptionnellement élevée. In a second phase, the arrow (40), the release of which has absorbed practically no energy, thus strikes the target with the total energy of the naked bullet (2). The target having become less hard due to the work produced by the external energy element (26) during the 1st phase, the arrow (40) can easily enter the target with its total energy. Thanks in part to the internal energy element (10), the neutralizing power of shredding, inhibition, ruptures of hard parts is exceptional. It should be noted that, at the time of penetration into the target, the surface kinetic energy of the arrow (40) (1/2 mV 2 : maximum cross section of the arrow body) is exceptionally high.

    Ce mécanisme d'agression en deux phases permet d'obtenir des énergies cinétiques surfaciques très élevées de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) et de la flèche (40). La présente invention permet en outre de maítriser très facilement la valeur des énergies cinétiques surfaciques à imposer à l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) et à la flèche (40).This two-phase aggression mechanism provides very high surface kinetic energies of the element external energy (26) and the boom (40). The current invention also makes it very easy to control the value of the surface kinetic energies to be imposed on the element external energy (26) and to the boom (40).

    Plusieurs exemples de munitions conformes à l'invention et réalisées par les techniques de fabrication classiques, sont décrits ci-après.Several examples of ammunition in accordance with the invention and carried out by conventional manufacturing techniques, are described below.

    EXEMPLE 1EXAMPLE 1 Caractéristiques d'une balle de calibre 12 :Features of a 12 gauge bullet:

    • Masse totale de la balle complète (1)   Mt = 30,0 gTotal mass of the complete bale (1) M t = 30.0 g
    • Masse du lanceur (3)   ML = 4,5 gLauncher mass (3) M L = 4.5 g
    • Masse totale de la balle nue (2)   Mb = 25,5 gTotal mass of the bare ball (2) M b = 25.5 g
    • Masse de l'élément énergétique (25)   Mp = 18,5 gMass of the energy element (25) M p = 18.5 g
    • Masse du corps de balle (4)   Mc = 7,0 gBullet body mass (4) M c = 7.0 g
    • Vo = 500 m/SV o = 500 m / S
    • Energies de la balle nue (2) à la bouche du tube :
    • Energie cinétique : Ec = 3200 J
    • Energie cinétique surfacique de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) :
         Ec/.S1 = 32 J/mm2
    • Energie cinétique surfacique de la flèche (40)
         Ec/.S2 = 33 J/mm2
      • Energies of the bare bullet (2) at the mouth of the tube:
    • Kinetic energy: E c = 3200 J
    • Kinetic surface energy of the external energy element (26):
      Ec / .S 1 = 32 J / mm 2
    • Surface kinetic energy of the boom (40)
      Ec / .S 2 = 33 J / mm 2

    Dans cette réalisation, on peut observer des valeurs de Ec/.S pratiquement identiques.In this realization, we can observe values of Ec / .S practically identical.

    Plusieurs variantes technologiques de la balle conforme à la présente invention ont été fabriquées, et sont précisées ci-après. Bien entendu, diverses modifications peuvent y être apportées sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.Several technological variants of the bullet conform to the present invention have been manufactured, and are specified below. Of course, various modifications can be made made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

    EXEMPLE 2EXAMPLE 2

    Cet exemple décrit un lanceur réalisé en plusieurs éléments jointifs.This example describes a launcher made in several attachments.

    La balle nue (2) peut être tirée avec un lanceur en plusieurs éléments à plans jointifs tel que représenté sur la Figure 5. The bare ball (2) can be fired with a pitcher several joined plan elements as shown in the Figure 5.

    La Figure 5 décrit une balle complète dotée d'un tel lanceur composé de deux éléments (49). Ces derniers coopèrent avec la balle nue (2) à l'aide d'adents et de rainures circulaires (50).Figure 5 depicts a complete bale with such a launcher composed of two elements (49). The latter cooperate with the bare ball (2) using teeth and circular grooves (50).

    Comme le montre la Figure 6, sous l'effet des composantes aérodynamiques, les éléments (49) du lanceur se détachent de la balle nue (2) qui, libérée, atteint la cible. Les éléments (49) chutent à une distance moyenne de 30 mètres avec un écart maximum de 7 mètres par rapport au plan de tir.As shown in Figure 6, under the effect of the components aerodynamic, the elements (49) of the launcher detach from the naked bullet (2) which, released, hits the target. The Elements (49) fall at an average distance of 30 meters with a gap maximum of 7 meters from the shooting plan.

    EXEMPLE 3EXAMPLE 3

    Comme représenté sur la Figure 7, le lanceur (3) suivant l'invention est monté sur la balle nue (2) dont l'élément énergétique extérieur (26) a un diamètre extérieur largement inférieur au diamètre extérieur du lanceur (3) et un diamètre intérieur sensiblement égal au diamètre du corps de flèche (40) (diamètre c < diamètre extérieur du lanceur, et diamètre e = diamètre b)As shown in Figure 7, the following launcher (3) the invention is mounted on the bare ball (2) whose energy element outer (26) has a much smaller outer diameter the outside diameter of the launcher (3) and an inside diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the boom body (40) (diameter c <outside diameter of the launcher, and diameter e = diameter b)

    Dans cette configuration, le lanceur (3) comporte un centrage (48) conjugué avec le bord extérieur des parties circulaires (30) de l'élément énergétique extérieur (26). Le lanceur (3) se trouve donc augmenté de la hauteur de l'élément (26). Le sertissage de la douille se fait sur la face avant (36) du lanceur (3).In this configuration, the launcher (3) has a centering (48) combined with the outer edge of the parts circular (30) of the external energy element (26). The launcher (3) is therefore increased by the height of the element (26). The crimping of the sleeve is done on the front face (36) of the launcher (3).

    Pour empêcher que la balle nue (2) ne quitte librement le lanceur (3) au départ du coup sous la pression p de dessertissage, un verrou (51) est placé devant l'une des parties circulaires (30) de l'élément (26) et est coincé entre la douille et la gorge circulaire (31) de l'élément (26). Ce verrou étant libre longitudinalement, il se trouve donc libéré à l'extérieur dès la sortie du tube. Il peut ainsi sortir de son logement et libérer la balle nue (2).To prevent the bare bullet (2) from freely leaving the launcher (3) at the start of the blow under the p pesselling pressure, a lock (51) is placed in front of one of the circular parts (30) of the element (26) and is wedged between the sleeve and the circular groove (31) of the element (26). This lock being free longitudinally, it is therefore released outside right out of the tube. He can thus leave his home and release the bare ball (2).

    EXEMPLE 4EXAMPLE 4

    La présente invention peut également s'appliquer au tir de balles dans des tubes fortement rayés, comme le montre la balle représentée sur la Figure 8. The present invention can also be applied to the shooting of bullets in heavily scratched tubes, as the bullet shows shown in Figure 8.

    La balle nue (2) conforme à la présente invention est stabilisée par empennage. Seule, une très légère rotation sur trajectoire est autorisée grâce aux chanfreins (20) pratiqués sur le bord de fuite des ailettes (19). Pour conserver ce mode de stabilisation, il faut s'affranchir de la vitesse de rotation donnée par un tube fortement rayé.The bare ball (2) according to the present invention is stabilized by empennage. Only a very slight rotation on trajectory is authorized thanks to the chamfers (20) practiced on the trailing edge of the fins (19). To keep this mode stabilization, you have to get rid of the rotation speed given by a heavily scratched tube.

    La Figure 8 décrit un exemple de réalisation correspondant à ces conditions. Dans cette réalisation, le lanceur (3) est partagé en deux éléments suivant une section transversale : l'élément avant (52) et l'élément arrière (53).Figure 8 describes a corresponding embodiment on these conditions. In this embodiment, the launcher (3) is divided into two elements along a cross section: the front element (52) and the rear element (53).

    L'élément avant (52) est monobloc et de révolution. Il ne comporte plus de parties circulaires et de gorges de décompression extérieures. Son diamètre extérieur (54) est légèrement inférieur au diamètre intérieur du tube rayé (55). Un chanfrein extérieur (56) est pratiqué à l'avant de cet élément pour permettre une bonne introduction de la cartouche. L'élément (52) peut coulisser librement sur la balle nue (2).The front element (52) is in one piece and of revolution. He ... not has more circular parts and decompression grooves outside. Its outside diameter (54) is slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the striped tube (55). A chamfer exterior (56) is practiced at the front of this element to allow a good introduction of the cartridge. The Element (52) can slide freely on the bare ball (2).

    L'élément arrière (53) est également monobloc et de révolution. Son diamètre extérieur (h) est très légèrement supérieur au diamètre (i) de fond de rayage du tube (55). Son diamètre intérieur (k) est supérieur (de quelques dixièmes de millimètres) au diamètre (j) de la plaque de poussée (11). Il comporte également sur sa partie extérieure une gorge de sertissage (57) dans laquelle le collet de la douille (60) métallique s'imbrique par déformation.The rear element (53) is also monobloc and of revolution. Its outside diameter (h) is very slightly greater to the diameter (i) of the strip bottom of the tube (55). His inner diameter (k) is greater (by a few tenths of millimeters) to the diameter (j) of the thrust plate (11). he also has on its outer part a groove of crimping (57) in which the collar of the sleeve (60) metallic overlaps by deformation.

    Un chanfrein (58) est également pratiqué pour permettre une bonne prise de rayures dudit élément (53). Un grain (59) à faible coefficient de frottement est intercalé entre les deux éléments (52) et (53). Un verrou (61), coopérant avec la plaque (11), assure la même fonction que celle du verrou (51) décrit à la Figure 7. Il arrête l'élément (53) en translation mais lui permet une entière liberté en rotation.A chamfer (58) is also made to allow good scratching of said element (53). A grain (59) to low coefficient of friction is sandwiched between the two elements (52) and (53). A lock (61) cooperating with the plate (11), performs the same function as that of the latch (51) described in Figure 7. It stops the element (53) in translation but it allows complete freedom in rotation.

    Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif est le suivant.The operation of this device is as follows.

    Dès la montée en pression, le dessertissage se réalise, la balle nue (2) et l'élément (52) ne peuvent avancer du fait qu'ils sont verrouillés en translation par le verrou (51). L'élément (53) prend ainsi le rayage du tube (55) et tourne à la vitesse permise par ce rayage. Dans son mouvement, il entraíne la balle nue (2) et l'élément (52) en légère rotation par frottement uniquement. A la sortie du tube, l'élément (53) se rompt par centrifugation laissant la possibilité à l'élément (52) de libérer la balle nue (2) par coulissement.As soon as the pressure builds up, the trimming takes place, the bare ball (2) and element (52) cannot advance due that they are locked in translation by the latch (51). The element (53) thus takes up the scoring of the tube (55) and rotates at the speed allowed by this striping. In his movement, he causes the bare ball (2) and the element (52) to rotate slightly by friction only. At the outlet of the tube, the element (53) breaks by centrifugation leaving the possibility to the element (52) to release the bare ball (2) by sliding.

    Claims (14)

    1. Munition for a weapon of small, medium or large caliber, including a subprojectile (2) combined with a launcher (3) which fills the bore of the weapon and which detaches under the effect of the aerodynamic forces on leaving the weapon, the assembly being incorporated into a cartridge (C) which furthermore comprises a primed case and a propellent charge, characterized in that the subprojectile (2) comprises:
      a body (4) made of hard material combined with
      an axisymetric high-energy element (25) which includes a front central nozzle (34) communicating with at least two annular nozzles (6) channeling the airflow.
    2. Munition according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-energy element (25) forms the front part of the subprojectile (2) and consists of a hollow outer element (26) and a solid inner element (10) which are connected together by blades (27).
    3. Munition according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner element (10) has a smaller diameter and is to the rear of the outer element (26).
    4. Munition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the front part of the outer element (26) forms with the conical head (5) of the subprojectile body (2) a central nozzle (34) communicating with the annular nozzles (6), formed in the axisymmetric high-energy element (25), around the conical head (5).
    5. Munition according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the inside diameter (e) of the outer element (26) is greater than or equal to the outside diameter (b) of the inner element (10).
    6. Munition according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the inside diameter (e) of the outer element (26) is less than or equal to the outside diameter (b) of the inner element (10).
    7. Munition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the front face of the axisymmetric high-energy element (25) has an inside chamfer.
    8. Munition according to claim 1, characterized in that the axisymmetric high-energy element(25) is made of a material having a lower impact strength than the body (4) of the subprojectile (2).
    9. Munition according to claim 2, characterized in that the axisymetric high-energy element (25) includes fracture initiators formed on the blades (27) or in the thickness of the central nozzle.
    10. Munition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the launcher (3) is made as a single monobloc element or a plurality of longitudinally continguous elements.
    11. Munition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the launcher is made as at least two transversely separate monobloc elements.
    12. Munition according to claim 1, characterized in that the launcher includes a rear face having a cutout of shape corresponding to the fin assembly (18) of the subprojectile (2).
    13. Munition according to either of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the launcher (3) includes an annular lip (43) formed on the periphery of the rear face of at least one of the elements of the launcher.
    14. Munition according to claim 1, characterized in that an annular seal (13) is placed on a thrust plate (11) located between the head (5) and the fin assembly (18) of the body (4) of the subprojectile.
    EP95930577A 1994-09-13 1995-09-13 Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting Expired - Lifetime EP0728293B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9410922 1994-09-13
    FR9410922A FR2724450B1 (en) 1994-09-13 1994-09-13 DOUBLE PENETRATION HUNTING BALL WITH REDUCED RANGE
    PCT/FR1995/001170 WO1996008689A1 (en) 1994-09-13 1995-09-13 Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0728293A1 EP0728293A1 (en) 1996-08-28
    EP0728293B1 true EP0728293B1 (en) 2000-01-12

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP95930577A Expired - Lifetime EP0728293B1 (en) 1994-09-13 1995-09-13 Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting

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    US (1) US5723810A (en)
    EP (1) EP0728293B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE188773T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU685001B2 (en)
    DE (1) DE69514496T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2143650T3 (en)
    FI (1) FI110962B (en)
    FR (1) FR2724450B1 (en)
    GR (1) GR3033148T3 (en)
    PT (1) PT728293E (en)
    WO (1) WO1996008689A1 (en)
    ZA (1) ZA957704B (en)

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    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2786562B1 (en) 1998-11-26 2001-02-09 Jean Noel Letellier ADAPTER FOR CALIBRATED BULLET USED IN A SMOOTH CANNON WEAPON
    US20040045671A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ed Rejda Selective etching device
    FR2854687B1 (en) * 2003-05-09 2006-06-16 Giat Ind Sa SUB-CALIBER PROJECTILE, BAR AND SHAFT CONSTITUTING SUCH A PROJECTILE
    US6782830B1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2004-08-31 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Obturator for large caliber smooth bore ammunition
    FR2867267B1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2006-05-26 Jean Claude Sauvestre HUNTING BALL WITH EXPANSION RING
    US7743709B2 (en) 2006-10-28 2010-06-29 Integrity Ballistics, Llc Sabot for elastomeric projectile
    US20160018200A1 (en) * 2014-05-02 2016-01-21 Andrey Sharudenko Bullet with separable elements
    US10996037B2 (en) * 2018-09-04 2021-05-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Obturator for robust and uniform discard

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    US4135449A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-01-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectile for attacking small targets
    FR2335818A1 (en) * 1975-12-19 1977-07-15 Le Neillon Richard High power, high precision finned projectile for hunting weapon - guided within barrel by expanded polystyrene sabots
    US4043269A (en) * 1976-05-27 1977-08-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sealed sabot projectile
    FR2425621A1 (en) * 1978-05-12 1979-12-07 Piegay Marcel Bullet for smooth bore gun - has plastics insert sleeve with blind hole to receive shank of round headed steel rivet
    FR2437603A2 (en) * 1978-09-26 1980-04-25 Cleard Gilbert Jacketed projectile for firearm - has two piece metal core surrounded by plastics grooved to break into four pieces on impact
    US4539911A (en) * 1979-06-20 1985-09-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile
    FR2555728B1 (en) * 1983-11-29 1987-03-20 Sauvestre Jean Claude HUNTING WEAPON AMMUNITION
    US4827847A (en) * 1985-05-30 1989-05-09 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada Short range tubular projectile
    FR2599828B1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1990-08-24 Sauvestre Jean Claude SMALL OR MEDIUM CALIBER AMMUNITION WITH IMPROVED EFFICIENCY AND LIMITED RANGE, ESPECIALLY FOR HUNTING
    FR2606500B1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1990-07-06 Sauvestre Jean Claude HUNTING AMMUNITION WITH INCREASED COMBUSTION VOLUME
    FR2602042B1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1990-08-03 Sauvestre Jean Claude PROJECTILE FOR HUNTING AMMUNITION COMPRISING A LAUNCHING SHOE AND AN UNDER-CALIBRATED BALL WITH SLIDING STABILIZER.
    DE3804930A1 (en) * 1988-02-17 1989-08-31 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Missile
    FR2627854B1 (en) * 1988-02-29 1990-08-10 Denis Jean Pierre AMMUNITION FOR FIREARMS, IN PARTICULAR HUNTING AMMUNITION
    FR2662241B1 (en) * 1990-05-19 1994-09-23 Sauvestre Jean Claude TANDEM LAUNCHING SYSTEM WITH CENTRAL SEALING.
    US5067406A (en) * 1990-11-05 1991-11-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Supersonic, low-drag, solid fuel ramjet tubular projectile
    RU2011148C1 (en) * 1991-06-05 1994-04-15 Владимир Александрович Горденок Smooth barrel hunting gun bullet

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    FI961997A0 (en) 1996-05-10
    AU3390895A (en) 1996-03-29
    ZA957704B (en) 1996-04-24
    FI110962B (en) 2003-04-30
    WO1996008689A1 (en) 1996-03-21
    PT728293E (en) 2000-06-30
    DE69514496T2 (en) 2000-11-16
    GR3033148T3 (en) 2000-08-31
    US5723810A (en) 1998-03-03
    FR2724450A1 (en) 1996-03-15
    EP0728293A1 (en) 1996-08-28
    FI961997A (en) 1996-07-09
    AU685001B2 (en) 1998-01-08
    DE69514496D1 (en) 2000-02-17
    FR2724450B1 (en) 1997-01-17
    ATE188773T1 (en) 2000-01-15
    ES2143650T3 (en) 2000-05-16

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