WO1983001444A1

WO1983001444A1 - Method for producing a nitrogenous fertilizer

Info

Publication number: WO1983001444A1
Application number: PCT/AT1982/000030
Authority: WO
Inventors: Franz Cervinka Sanvita
Original assignee: Abermann, Georg
Priority date: 1981-10-15
Filing date: 1982-10-15
Publication date: 1983-04-28
Also published as: EP0091459A1; ATA443881A

Abstract

In the method for producing a nitrogenous fertilizer, melted ammonium nitrate is mixed with pulverized lime stone, with addition of pulverized primary rock to slow down the emission of nitrogen and an ingredient which prevents the deterioration of the soil structure. The resulting cooled material gives a solid nitrogenous fertilizer.

Description

Process for the production of a nitrogen fertilizer

1 The invention relates to a method for producing a nitrogen fertilizer, wherein a mixture of molten ammonium nitrate with powdered limestone, the addition of a slowing the nitrogen release and the deterioration

5 contains soil-avoiding agent, is cooled to form a solid nitrogen fertilizer product.

DE-OS 1909 426, DE-PS 598 368 or AT-PS 135 856 10 deal with the treatment of airimonium nitrate materials used as fertilizers in order to improve their storage or spreadability, ^* for what purpose inorganic filler - or additives, such as finely ground limestone or dolomite powder, diatomaceous earth, colloidal fillers, for example 15 oxyhydrates of silicon, iron or aluminum, or acidic inorganic substances, such as acids, salts or acid anhydrides.

GB-PS 173 276 describes a fertilizer which consists of 20 peat which can be admixed with ammonium nitrate and optionally calcium carbonate: in the present case, the ammonium should

• # nitrate to prevent acidification of the soil caused by the peat t.

25 However, the cited documents do not deal with the effects of long-term use of these fertilizers known from this on the condition of the soil. Despite the most varied treatment of these known ammonium nitrate-based fertilizers, they cause a constant deterioration in the soil properties and, associated therewith, adverse effects on the health of the plants.

Processes for the production of calcium ammonium nitrate are also known, in which a mixture of molten ammonium nitrate and powdered limestone is cooled to form a solid calcium ammonium nitrate product; see u.a. AT-PS No. 263 821. All of these processes are peculiar that due to their rapid water solubility, the nutrients, in particular the nitrogen, are released intermittently and unbalanced and, above all, too quickly after application. This in turn leads to an oversupply and then again to a lack of nutrients for the plant, but both types of supply are harmful to the growth of the plant. Due to the inadequate supply, the plant is damaged in its development, there is an increased susceptibility to disease and associated reduced biological value as a feed and food plant for animals and humans. The rapid solubility of nitrogen also has the effect that a large part of the nutrients runs through without washing out into the deeper layers of the soil, thereby additionally causing a not inconsiderable nitrate load for the groundwater during the fertilization period. The excess and deficiency of nitrogen also favors an increasing fungal infestation of the plant, the nutritional physiological burden of mycotoxins in cereals and animal feed also not being able to be prevented by plant protection measures. Finally, the use of these known fertilizers leads to accelerated clay mineral degradation and subsequently to soil compaction.

In order to avoid these disadvantages, attempts have been made to reduce the water solubility of the fertilizers based on ammonium nitrate. According to AT-PS No. 323 770 an attempt is made to , * ----

to achieve this by coating the fertilizer granules with sulfur and paraffin; known in this context, the use of which ^is' ionenaustausehern Kat.

So far, however, it has not been possible to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the calcium ammonium nitrate and to achieve a continuous, slowly flowing release of the nutrients,

The object of the present process is to avoid the irregular release of the nitrogen caused by the rapid solubility of the nitrogen and to achieve a continuously slow-flowing release which corresponds to the favorable absorption ratio of the plant and at the same time to the soil which is caused by it Plant mineral and trace elements extracted from plant growth are to be fed back in continuously, and both nitrate pollution and soil compaction are to be prevented.

This object is achieved in accordance with the invention in that rock powder is added as the slowing down of the nitrogen release and the avoidance of the deterioration of the soil structure.

In the process according to the invention for producing a nitrogen fertilizer, the procedure is such that in the processes known per se, in which a solid calcium ammonium nitrate product is formed from a mixture of molten ammonium nitrate with powdered limestone with cooling, not so far exclusively the chemical product Binding ability powdered limestone is used as a binder for molten ammonium nitrate, but the limestone powder by adding rock powder to a substantial extent - best of all to $ 50, but in itself to any percentage ^" variable, the very good effectiveness in _. the range of 25 $ to 75 $ is - is replaced, by the fine grinding by the Urgesteines is the binding of the Stickstoff¬ molecules both at the surface and at the crystal lattice 1. enables. In this way, the chemical binding capacity of the lime powder is increased by the mechanical binding capacity of the primary rock flour - similar to that of the zeolites - on the other hand, this mechanical binding capacity of the primary rock flour remains in contrast to the chemical binding capacity of the limestone powder even during the

Stickstoffabgäbe get into the ground, By this means a slowly flowing continuous delivery so that the nitrogen unter.Hintanhaltung all the ^* disadvantages set forth above is achieved. "Primary rock flour" is preferred

Ene-10 is a powder of a low-silica or Tie Ergußgesteins, ^'such as diabase, gabbro, green shale or basaltic rock, preferably with a high clay mineral in the very fine-fraction as well as a flour of a rock granitic together Manse wetting presided.

± 5

After this nitrogen fertilizer has been applied, there is no shock-like release of the nitrogen, but rather this, due to the binding of the nitrogen molecules on the surface of the primary rock and on the crystal lattice of the rock minerals

20 is released to an extent corresponding to the most favorable absorption capacity of the plant. As a result of this slow release, there is neither an oversupply nor a lack of nutrients with all the disadvantages mentioned above for the plant, and there are no leaching losses

25 of nutrients and, above all, there is no compaction of the soil, since the clay mineral degradation previously caused by the usual nitrogen fertilization is compensated for by the rock powder. In addition, the primary rock flour serves as a fresh mineral and trace element source for soil

30 and plant, which results in a full supply of the plant, which increases its resistance to disease.

Claims

P a t e n t n s p r u c h

Process for the production of a nitrogen fertilizer, wherein a mixture of molten ammonium nitrate with powdered limestone, which contains an additive which slows down the nitrogen release and avoids the deterioration of the soil structure, is cooled to form a solid nitrogen fertilizer product, characterized in that as a slowing down of the nitrogen release and the avoidance of the deterioration of the soil structure causing agent rock powder is added.

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