Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
  • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
  • F03D3/007—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical using the Magnus effect
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

• the invention relates to a wind turbine (wind turbine), the axis 1 of which extends transversely to the wind direction, Flettner rotors 2 being arranged parallel or approximately parallel to the axis 1 of the wind turbine on spokes 3 extending from the axis 1 or along the periphery 4 of a wheel-like construction Make the Magnus effect usable for the rotation of the wind turbine by causing them to produce this effect only or mainly in one direction of rotation of the wind turbine by suitable means.
• wind turbine wind turbine
• Flettner rotors 2 being arranged parallel or approximately parallel to the axis 1 of the wind turbine on spokes 3 extending from the axis 1 or along the periphery 4 of a wheel-like construction
• An invention which is known from DT-AS 26 02 380, describes a rotating device which is driven by a fluid in motion, such as water or air. It provides blades that are distributed along the circumference of the rotor.
• the use of Flettner rotors is known from DT-OS 28 14 247, the Magnus effect of which drives an air guide housing.
• Designs for the use of Flettner rotors in wind turbines with a horizontal axis parallel to the wind direction are known from Anton Flettner himself. See Anton Flettner, Mein Weg Kurs Rotor, für (Köhler & Amelang), 1926, pp. 105 ff.
• the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, with which a high utilization of wind energy or other flow energy and the utilization of low wind speeds is possible compared to the current state of the art.
• the Flettner rotor named after its first user is a cylinder, preferably with protruding disks at its ends (end disks), which is set in rotation about its longitudinal axis by an internal electric motor or in some other way.
• This rotating cylinder is exposed to a transverse drive in a flow perpendicular to its longitudinal axis of any medium, which it transmits to the attachment point or the attachment points of its axis.
• L. Prandtl "Magnus Effect and Wind Power Ship", Die Naturwissenschaften, 13th vol., H. 6 (Feb. 6, 1925), pp. 93-108, and J. Ackeret , The rotor ship and its physical foundations, Göttingen (Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht), 1925.
• the object to be achieved according to the invention is that only the rotors that are currently on one semicircle, ie on the windward side or on the leeward side of the rotating device, have the transverse drive for driving the Deliver rotary device, or that the Flettner rotors on the windward side deliver the transverse drive in one direction and the rotors on the leeward side the opposite, so that both transverse drives add up for the rotary movement of the rotary device.
• the subordinate task has to be solved, if possible removing the Flettner rotors, which move on the periphery of the wind turbine at an angle of 0 ° to approx. 30 °, from the wind pressure.
• a streamlined body 7 is provided in front of this sector of the wind turbine, which is connected to the axis 1 of the wind turbine in such a way that it pivots about it and in each case covers the designated sector.
• the Flettner rotors on the leeward side When the Flettner rotors on the leeward side are brought to a standstill, they only have to overcome the air resistance as unmoved cylinders, and the wind turbine can turn due to the transverse drive of the rotors on the windward side. If the rotors on the leeward side are set into the opposite rotation as on the windward side, which is possible in particular with larger and slow-running wind turbines, the Magnus effect they generate is added to that of the other rotors.
• a theoretically elegant, but practically difficult to implement because of the vibrations that occur, is to mount the Flettner rotors in their attachment point 6 on the periphery 4 of the wind turbine so that they can pivot e.g. Point upwards on the windward side, be pivoted downward at the transition to the leeward side about their attachment point 6 transversely to their longitudinal axis towards axis 1 and are therefore exposed to the wind with the reverse circulation flow on the leeward side.
• the same 180 ° rotation takes place the other way round.
• the rotors can carry out the corresponding pivoting movement with the apex of the semicircle as the farthest point from the axis 1 of the wind turbine.
• these two design options are excluded from most of the improvement options that are shown below.
• one or more baffles or one or more aerodynamically shaped bodies 8 can be attached opposite the aerodynamically shaped body 7 in such a way that the air flow hitting them is deflected approximately in the direction of the axis 1 and thus approx. 30 ° Flettner rotors of the wind turbine circumference meets laterally, so that their transverse drive is advantageously directed in the direction of rotation of the wind turbine.
• a particularly important device for solving the first and higher-level task consists of a cover 5, which is fitted inside the wind turbine in its leeward half and removes the Flettner rotors on this side from the action of the wind.
• the cover should be aerodynamically shaped and can be combined particularly well with a housing in which the Flettner rotors on the leeward side of the wind turbine move like in a tunnel *
• the cover 5 is advantageously designed to be aerodynamically favorable so that it changes automatically when the wind direction changes within the wind wheel pivots about the axis 1 and at the same time mechanically or via auxiliary drives brings the aerodynamically shaped body 7 and the or the baffles 8 in the correct position to the wind direction.
• the wind turbine with a vertical axis 1 is designed to rotate horizontally, it has a particular advantage: To adapt to the changes in the wind direction, no other means are required than the one described. If it is made to rotate vertically with horizontal axis 1, it has the advantage of reaching into the more strongly moving layers of air with the highest point of its periphery, even if it is constructed in such a way that the lowest point is near the ground, which facilitates repair work. In this design, the wind turbine requires an additional, highly resilient axis of rotation, the vertical, about which it can turn in the wind direction, which is possible with the aid of the aerodynamically shaped cover 5, but also because this vertical axis runs on the windward side of axis 1 .
• the direction of rotation of the wind wheel with horizontal axis 1 is near the ground against the wind and at its apex with the wind, that is, it rotates from bottom to top. If the axis 1 is arranged horizontally, it is probably a version with pairs of spokes or with two parallel ones Peripherals 4, between which the Flettner rotors are attached, are advantageous.
• each Flettner rotor can be driven directly or via a gear by a Savonius rotor (DT-PS 462 462 and DT-PS 495 518), which is attached coaxially with it.
• the drive via a gearbox can be advantageous since the Flettner rotors generate the largest transverse drive when their jacket surface moves at 3.5 to 4 times the speed of the wind.
• the cover 5 is only for the Flettner rotors is attached so that the Savonius rotors can absorb wind energy at any point of the wind turbine.
• the cover 5 can supply them with increased flow on the leeward side, so that they can be made smaller in relation to the Flettner rotors than would be possible without this cover 5.
• a modification of the drive with Savonius rotors is possible if each Flettner rotor is driven alternately by one of two Savonius rotors, which are built upside down and consequently have the opposite direction of rotation the windward side exposed to the wind and non-positively coupled to the Flettner rotors and the Savonius rotors in the other direction of rotation exposed to the wind on the leeward side and non-positively coupled to the Flettner rotors.
• a cover plate for the Savonius rotors in the first direction of rotation is attached to the leeward side and a cover plate for the Savonius rotors in the other direction of rotation on the windward side.
• Appropriate freewheel devices ensure that the power transmission is canceled when the transition to the drive is carried out by the other group of Savonius rotors. Since the speed of the Flettner rotors can be regulated very precisely, and thus also the size of the transverse drive, especially when driving with electric motors, the speed of wind turbines of this type can be precisely regulated when certain minimum wind strengths prevail. This can be advantageous for the operation of generators.
• this regulation which can also be achieved by braking devices or by an efficiency-reducing displaceability or swiveling of the cover plates of the Savonius rotors, also results in a certain storm safety.
• the versions with a vertical axis 1 have to provide for the cover 5 to be reduced in the event of a storm because one or more of its surfaces fold leeward, the attack surface is reduced.
• the cover 5, which in this embodiment has its apex at half the height of the wind wheel from the axis 1 leeward, with open sides that follow in the normal position show up and down.
• the cover can swing down 90 ° so that the air can flow through it.
• the aerodynamically shaped body 7 and the baffles 8 are to be attached in such a way that, in the event of a storm, they automatically swivel into a position in which they offer the least surface area to the air flow.
• the movement of the wind turbine can also be maintained in the event of a storm.
• the axis 1 of the wind turbine can also assume a position between the horizontal and the vertical; In this position, operation with a medium other than air is also possible, for example by B.
• the Flettne rotors immersed in the flow direction of the water and on the other side (“leeward") returns them through the air.
• Axis 1 rotates clockwise and its Flettner rotroes 2 attached along the periphery 4 are driven clockwise.
• the Flettner rotors 2 have the attachment point 6 on the periphery 4 at the end of their longitudinal axis.
• a spoke 3 is only indicated.
• the aerodynamically shaped body 7 and the baffles 8 serve to increase the efficiency.
• the cover 5 extracts the Flettner rotors 2 on the leeward side of the wind turbine from the action of the wind.
• the invention is characterized in that its modification options allow the construction and operation of the wind turbines to local conditions such as. B. prevailing wind strengths, energy requirements and possible capital investment - to adjust. A generally preferred embodiment can therefore not be specified. Where capital expenditure and the susceptibility to repairs have to be kept particularly small, however, execution fairies with Savonius rotors are probably recommended.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=6699846

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Cited By (8)

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Citations (7)

• 1979
  • 1979-08-06 JP JP50128079A patent/JPS56501018A/ja active Pending
  • 1979-08-06 WO PCT/DE1979/000079 patent/WO1981000435A1/de unknown
  • 1979-08-06 EP EP19790901369 patent/EP0040597A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1981
  • 1981-04-03 DK DK152981A patent/DK152981A/da not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (7)

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