Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
  • A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
  • A61B1/00195—Optical arrangements with eyepieces
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
  • A61B1/002—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor having rod-lens arrangements
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
  • A61B1/303—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the vagina, i.e. vaginoscopes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
  • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
  • G02B23/2407—Optical details
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
  • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
  • G02B23/2407—Optical details
  • G02B23/2453—Optical details of the proximal end

Definitions

• the invention relates to optical systems intended to transmit an optical image along a tubular, rigid, long and relatively narrow optical instrument, such as an endoscope.
• a tubular, rigid, long and relatively narrow optical instrument such as an endoscope.
• known devices of this kind such as for example a hysteroscope (8) used in medicine to observe the interior of the uterus, and allowing the transmission of an image (5) through a long tube of about 20 to 35 cms, and of a very narrow diameter of approximately 1.5 to 5 mms, and this through a lens (7) of short focal length of approximately 2 to 5 mms, then of several optical systems (10) allowing the transmission of the image (5 A) into (5 B), and consisting of thin lenses or better still lenses in the form of rods (10); and finally an eyepiece (12) allowing the observation (5 C) of the image (5 B).
• these devices the depth of field is necessarily limited, and in general at best it is between infinity and a few millimeters in front of the objective. And also, these endoscopes do not allow a clear vision successively to infinity, or to a few centimeters, of a wall, then in contact with the optics on this wall, this during the same endoscopic examination of a cavity, without removing the endoscope; or vice versa from the contact of the optics to infinity.
• the optical device according to the invention when associated with an endoscope (8), such as a hysteroscope, allows during the same examination of the uterine cavity, firstly to observe a large area (5) at low magnification, area determined by the distance from the object to the objective (11) and by the angle of field (6) of this existing endoscope; and in a second step, after locating a small area that we wish to examine in detail, it suffices to apply the di ⁇ tal end (2) of this endoscope to this small area (3) best determined by the size of the surface (2) and therefore 1.5 to 5 mm; to be able to observe this area (3) on a microscopic and cellular scale, with a high magnification, and for example can allow the diagnosis of a tumor or pathological tissue by direct observation, without having to resort to a sample or surgical intervention .
• an endoscope (8) such as a hysteroscope
• the optical device which is the subject of the invention has two parts.
• the first part is formed by a lens (1) or system of lenses placed in front of the objective, and the external face (2) of which rests on the object (3) to be observed.
• This first part can preferably be fixed hermetically in front of the objective with a flat external face (2) lying near the focal point of the objective but slightly beyond it so that the image (3 A) of the object (3) is a real image, this proximity to the face (2) of the focal point, will thus make it possible to use the better the numerical aperture of the objective (7) and therefore to optimize the separating power, this proximity will also allow the best magnification.
• this lens can also be removable or sliding, have convex, concave or flat faces, parallel or not, attached or not to the objective (7), tan prism can be interposed in (9), it can serve as a blade lens protection.
• Physiological secretions or any fluid can act as an immersion medium (4) between the object to be observed and the face (2). It will allow during its movement over the area to be observed to maintain a distance (16) always equal between the object (3) observed, and the objective of the endoscope (7).
• the image of (3) transmitted by the objective (7) is necessarily displaced in (3 A) and will therefore form in (3 B) in front of the eyepiece, this image (3 B) no longer being located at the focus (5 B) of the eyepiece, the device (13) defined convergence, will bring the focus of the eyepiece assembly and second part of the optical device (12 and 13) to the level of (3 B) thus minimizing the eye located in (14) to perceive a virtual clear image (3 C) of (3 B).
• a camera can be substituted for the eye at (14) and any afocal optical system can be interposed between the device (13) and the eye at (15), provided that the convergence of the assembly (13 ) and (14) be maintained.
• the appended drawing illustrates by way of example an embodiment of the device according to the present invention.
• the device, object of the invention can be used on any endoscope, in particular in the medical field, for example on a cystoscope or on a laparoscope, but also in industry and this even if for example the surface to be observed is covered oil; this oil can serve as an immersion medium when observed on contact.
• the invention is not limited to the only modes of application and embodiments which have been more especially envisaged, on the contrary it embraces all variants.
• the invention makes it possible to switch to a low magnification by simply moving the endoscope away from the area to be observed and by interposing between the eyepiece and the eye of a lens or a system of lenses of divergence defined, so that the focus of the eyepiece (12) of this endoscope located in (3 B) is located in (5 B) for the 'assembly (12 and 13) thus allowing a clear vision in (5 C) to the eye of the observer.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
• Reproductive Health (AREA)
• Endoscopes (AREA)
• Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 1979
  • 1979-02-19 FR FR7904168A patent/FR2437194A1/fr active Granted
• 1980
  • 1980-02-18 WO PCT/FR1980/000024 patent/WO1980001641A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1980-02-18 DE DE3034311A patent/DE3034311C1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-02-18 US US06/198,134 patent/US4385810A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (5)

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